资源简介

(共58张PPT)
Unit 1 Science Fiction
Using Language
Teaching objectives
Thinking Quality
Learning Ability
Cultural Awareness
Master core sci-fi vocabulary and expressions, and use them flexibly in speaking and writing.
Analyze rhetorical devices and special sentence patterns in sci-fi texts, and imitate them to describe sci-fi scenes.
Express views on sci-fi topics clearly and coherently in English conversations.
Develop logical reasoning by sorting out the plot and causal relations of sci-fi works.
Cultivate critical thinking to dialectically view the pros and cons of technological development.
Stimulate innovative thinking to conceive reasonable sci-fi plots based on scientific principles.
Improve cooperative learning skills through group discussions and scene creation.
Summarize sci-fi writing methods independently and expand learning resources actively.
Master strategies for analyzing sci-fi texts and organizing oral/written expressions.
Understand the characteristics of sci-fi literature and its inspiration for real technology.
Respect cultural differences in sci-fi works and establish a correct technological ethic.
Explore humanistic connotations behind sci-fi works and foster a sense of humanistic care.
Language Competence
Teaching key points and difficult points
Teaching key points
Teaching difficult points
Flexibly use core sci-fi vocabulary and expressions in oral and written communication.
Imitate the text to complete short sci-fi writing with logical structure and reasonable imagination.
Properly apply sci-fi language and rhetorical devices in self-expression.
Express dialectical views on sci-fi topics in English with sufficient arguments.
Balance imagination and logic in sci-fi creation to avoid illogical plots.
Voice your opinions on robots and AI
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可爱卡通
Look at the pictures and discuss the questions in pairs.
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Two robots are serving food at a cafe.
Pros: May be cheaper and faster.
Cons: Communication difficulties; No human touch.
A robot is playing the piano.
Pros:The robot can play anything perfectly.
Cons: No creativity or emotion involved.
1.What jobs are these robots doing What are the pros and cons of robots doing these jobs
可爱卡通
Look at the pictures and discuss the questions in pairs.
1
A robotic arm works at a factory.
Pros: Simple, repetitive tasks are done at higher speeds more cheaply and accurately.
Cons: Humans end up out of work; No added skill or creativity.
A robot band is performing.
Pros: More live music will be available more cheaply; Playlists will be limitless.
Cons: It really isn't live music; It is more like listening to a record,without any of the excitement and emotion of watching humans perform.
可爱卡通
Look at the pictures and discuss the questions in pairs.
1
Several robots are playing soccer.
Pros: Promotes learning and enjoyment of AI and robotics to a wider audience.
Cons: The robot players don't even know they are in a contest and have no desire to win or lose, so there is no emotional content to the match; no physical skill or talent is involved either.
2.What kinds of robots or AI developments do you hope for
I hope for an educating robot because I can ask any questions when I have troubles in learning.
可爱卡通
可爱卡通
Watch the video and answer the following questions.
What impressed you most in the video
What kinds of robots or AI developments do you hope for
The robot looks almost human. She can communicate with people without any barriers, and she can even imitate human feelings. It is amazing!
I hope for an educating robot because I can ask any questions when I have trouble in learning.
Suggested Answers
可爱卡通
Listen to an interview and put these statements in the correct order.
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1 The host introduces the guest, a sci-fi expert.
The expert has robots in his home.
As robots become more intelligent, they may also become more dangerous.
The host mentions Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics.
The expert says robots will have occupations such as teaching and nursing.
The line between humans and robots will be more blurred in the future.
The host asks about benefits and problems.
The host asks if there are robots in the expert's home.
In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
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留意话语标记词
话语标记词用于通过标注顺序、对比、观点、目的等方式来组织文本。留意话语标记词能够帮助您更轻松地理解文本。例如：首先、然而、最重要的是、为了等等。
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Listen to the interview again and write down the discourse markers that you hear. Make a note of how each discourse marker is used in the interview. Then compare your answers with a partner.
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Listen for discourse markers
Discourse markers are used to organise a text by marking sequence, contrast, opinion, purpose, and so on. Listening for discourse markers can help you understand a text more easily. For example, first, however, above all, in order to etc.
just now, so, well, however, above all
可爱卡通
Think and share.
What discourse markers do you often use
What are their functions
Function Discourse markers
to start or end conversations
to change topics
to order or sequence
now, so, right, in general, to sum up, for a start, ...
what's more, well, but, however, anyway, ...
first (of all), above all, next, ...
sure, good, quite, wonderful, exactly, absolutely, certainly, definitely, I see, (all) right, That's great / interesting / amazing / awful ...
to show interest / surprise / sympathy
Function Discourse markers
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to rephrase or change what we say
well, in other words, the thing is, I mean, you know what I mean, what I mean is ...
to mark the old, shared, or expected knowledge and new knowledge
just now, you know, see, you see, the thing is ...
to mark attitude or point of view in speaking or writing
honestly, basically, predictably, no doubt, to tell you the truth, I think, I'm afraid, of course I must admit, if you ask me, I must say ...
not to sound too direct or forceful
like, just, maybe, apparently, sort of, kind of, perhaps, roughly, arguably, presumably ...
可爱卡通
In groups, discuss what the expert thinks of the questions and exchange your own views. You may use the following expressions to help you.
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Changing the topic
Oh, by the way, … Oh, I remember, … I nearly forgot! …
What I meant to tell/ask you is … …, but (perhaps) that's beside the point.
That reminds me of … The next item on the agenda is …
I think we ought to move on to … On the one hand … On the other hand…
Oh, there was something I meant to tell you. Could I change the subject
1. What do you know about robot technology What can robots do
2. What benefits do you think robots or AI will bring Do you think they will cause problems as well
3. Do you know anything about Isaac Asimov and his famous Three Laws of Robotics What do you think of these laws
可爱卡通
What do you know about robot technology What can robots do
Robots technology has its cons and pros. It can bring great convenience to human beings together with some scientific or moral problems. A robot is a machine that can do a task according to computer programmes or through the use of some kind of controls.
What benefits do you think robots or AI will bring Do you think they will cause problems as well
The main benefits are that they can do some kinds of work more quickly, better, and cheaper than humans, and that they can take the place of humans when no humans are available or when humans cannot do the work. They can cause problems, however. First, what happens if they no longer serve people or stop following orders Second, there is the possibility that at some point we will have difficulty determining what constitutes a living being and what constitutes a machine.
可爱卡通
Do you know anything about Isaac Asimov and his famous Three Laws of Robotics What do you think of these laws
Yes, I do. Isaac Asimov introduced them into most of his science fiction writings to show that robots could be prevented from harming us or our world. They are not actual scientific laws, but rather guidelines for their human programmers to follow to keep our world safe. At first glance, the rules seem logical and reasonable, but they also seem outdated.
可爱卡通
In groups, discuss what the expert thinks of the questions and exchange your own views. You may use the following expressions to help you.
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Make a dialogue with your partners. You may use the following expressions to help you.
EXAMPLE
Oh, by the way, I saw a programme about robot doctors last night. It was very interesting. Do you think robots will do more of these important jobs in the future
Certainly. They will probably do most of our labour for us.
Maybe, but that’s beside the point. In my opinion, robots are dangerous! They are much stronger than we are and may be superior to us in the future.
A:
B:
C:
可爱卡通
Sample
A: Oh, by the way, I saw a programme about robot doctors last night. It was very
interesting. Do you think robots will do more of these important jobs in the future
B: Certainly. They will probably do most of our labour for us.
C: Maybe, but that's beside the point. In my opinion, robots are dangerous! They are
much stronger than we are and may be superior to us in the future.
A: I think we ought to move on to the topic of robot technology. I know the idea of it has
been around forever. The ancient Greeks and Chinese both made clever devices that
weren't much different than some of the robots we have today.
B: Yes, but the modern idea of intelligent robots that look like humans is only about 100
years old.
C: I think we had better move onto what robots can do. Let's see … there are simple
repetitive tasks like factory work and housework.
A: Yes, and I think there will be more complex jobs in the future like in healthcare,
education, or entertainment.
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C: Oh, there is something else I meant to ask you—does anyone know who even came
up with the word "robot"
B: Wasn't it Isaac Asimov He was that scientist who wrote a lot of science fiction
stories.
A: No … the word robot was coined much earlier, I think.
C: But that's beside the point. I think we ought to move onto the benefits and dangers of
AI to humans and our society …
A: Oh, I nearly forgot why Asimov's writing was so important—he created the Three
Laws of Robotics. Law 1, robots can't injure humans or allow them to come to harm;
Law 2, a robot must obey any order a human gives it as long as it doesn't conflict
with the first law; and Law 3, a robot must protect itself as long as the act of doing so
doesn't break the first or second laws!
B: But this is where the real danger lies.Those laws are not real laws—they are
guidelines that hopefully humans remember when they programme the robots. How
can we trust our safety if the robots are programmed by people who don't keep those
rules
C: …
Write a sci-fi short story
02
Watch the video
Do you know what the machine in the video is If there were really a time machine, which period would you most like to visit
If you could leave a message for yourself, what would you like to tell yourself
It is a time machine with which we can use it to travel through time. I want to go to the future to see what will happen to me.
I want to leave myself a message to make my life easier than it is now.
In groups, discuss what you would do if you could time travel.
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If I could time travel, I could see the results of my actions or other people's actions, and if the results were bad, I could travel back to the present time, too, and then take another course of action that had a better outcome. But I must learn not to depend on time travel and “cheat” every time when I failed or met something bad. I will choose the most important moment to return and not to change others' fates without consideration.
Suggested Answers
Look at the pictures and the title, and answer the following questions.
Look at this portrait. Who is he
Based on the title and the picture, what do you think the writer will discuss in this text
He is the famous science fiction writer H. G. Wells.
The writer will discuss Time Machine and share the Time Traveller's experience with the reader.
The Time Machine starring Rod Taylor.
Herbert George Wells (1866 — 1946) , sometimes referred to as “The Father of Science Fiction”
the leather seat
The main panel
the starting lever
The Time Machine was written in 1895 by famous science fiction writer H.G. Wells. Read an extract from this story, and find out how many times the Time Traveller started the machine.
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2 times
I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again.
I drew a breath, gripped the lever and pushed it forwards.
I pushed the lever further.
I pulled the lever backwards hard.
Scan the text and match each paragraph with the main idea.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
A. How I felt while time travelling.
B. What I thought before I stopped the Time Machine and what
happened when I stopped it.
C. How I got the first of all Time Machines started and what
happened.
D. How I ended up somewhere in the future after travelling
thousands of years.
E. What happened while I was getting the Time Machine working.
Read the text carefully and select the correct answers.
1. What did the narrator notice about the clock when he first started the Time Machine
A. It stopped working. B. It showed half past three.
C. It began to run backwards. D. It sped up to ten o'clock.
2. Which of the following happened as the Time Machine travelled faster
A. Days and nights stayed the same length.
B. Trees grew and disappeared in moments.
C. The laboratory stayed clear and visible.
D. The narrator felt calm and relaxed.
3. What did the narrator compare the risk of stopping to
A. A tree growing quickly . B. A bomb exploding.
C. A car crashing. D. A lamp being turned off.
4. What sound did the narrator hear after being thrown from the Time Machine
A. A loud bang. B. His niece's voice.
C. The sound of thunder. D. A clock ticking.
5. What is the main idea of this passage
A. The narrator describes his first time-travel experience, including strange sights and
risks.
B. The narrator explains how he built the Time Machine and its science.
C. The narrator tells of his niece interrupting his lab work.
D. The narrator complains about bad weather after time travel.
Read the text again and answer the questions.
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1. How does the Time Traveler first know he has travelled through time
2. How does the Time Traveler feel when travelling through time What rhetorical devices does the writer use to describe his feelings
3. Why is the Time Traveler worried about stopping the machine
4. Where does the Time Machine arrive when the man finally stops it
He saw the clock move forwards.
It felt strange and unpleasant. He uses the simile: "It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road."
If he stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, they would be forced together and explode like a bomb.
In some mud in the rain.
Work in groups. Discuss what might happen next in the story. Use the following questions to help you and make brief notes. Then present your story to the class.
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What date do you think it is when the Time Traveller finally stops
What do you think is different about that time from the time he left
Who or what do you think the Time Traveler will meet
What adventures do you think he will have in the future
Do you think he will ever return to his own time
The Time Traveller stops in the year 802701. The whole earth looks like a garden with beautiful, happy people called Eloi who play all the time, but this hides a horrible truth; there is a whole world of people called Morlocks who live underground in a dark, mechanised society who use the Eloi as a source of food. The Time Traveller meets an Eloi woman and falls in love with her. The Time Traveller and the Eloi woman are attacked by Morlocks. He is able to escape, but he loses contact with the woman and perhaps she is killed. The Morlocks then steal the Time Machine and use it as bait to capture and kill the Time Traveller. However, once he is in the Time Machine, he pulls the lever and begins to travel in time again and is able to make his escape. He travels 30 million years into the future to see the sun cool and the earth turn into a lifeless planet. He then travels back to the time from where he started out, only to find that three hours have passed.
Suggested Answers
Imagine and write your own story about a time machine you will invent, and your journey through time. Use the story and the guide below to help you.
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1 Think about what your machine will look like. Is it a vehicle or a machine
2 How does your time machine work What do you have to do to make it work
3 What period in time do you want to travel to Think about interesting things
and people you would like to see there.
4 Imagine what it might feel like to travel through time. Think of words to
describe this and make your story as vivid as possible.
5 Include rhetorical devices in your story, like metaphors, similes,
overstatements, etc.
如何写科幻故事
一、先定 3 个核心要素
1. 时空规则
规则 1：无法改变历史（宿命论）—— 最易驾驭，适合新手。例：主角想阻止朋友犯错，却发现自己的行为正是促成错误的原因，最终学会接纳遗憾。
规则 2：轻微蝴蝶效应（小改变引发小后果）—— 有冲突感，易展开情节。例：主角回到过去捡起一块石头，回到现在后发现家门口的花换了品种，暗示时空微小偏差。
规则 3：限时停留（机器限制）—— 制造紧迫感，推动情节发展。例：时光机器每次只能停留 1 小时，主角需在限时内完成目标（如寻找信物、传递信息）。
2. 主角与动机（简单真实，易表达）
主角设定为高中生 / 普通人，动机贴近生活，避免宏大主题（如拯救世界），降低语言描述难度：
弥补遗憾：回到过去和吵架的朋友道歉、参加错过的亲人聚会、挽回一次失败的考试（合理改编，避免违背价值观）。
探索真相：寻找祖辈留下的秘密、查清历史上的某个未解小谜团（如老照片背后的故事）。
意外穿越：机器故障 / 偶然触发，被迫回到过去 / 未来，核心是 “寻找返程方法”。
3. 主题升华（积极向上）
结尾必须回扣主题，避免无意义的穿越情节，常见正向主题：
珍惜当下：明白过去无法改变，唯有把握现在。
勇气与责任：面对时空偏差，主动承担后果，守护身边人。
亲情 / 友情：通过穿越，读懂亲人 / 朋友的心意，深化情感。
二、三段式写作框架
开头（1-2 句）：铺垫背景 + 触发穿越
核心：简洁介绍时光机器的由来（发明 / 发现）+ 穿越的契机，用一般过去时叙事。常用句型：
Having spent months inventing the time machine, Tom finally succeeded and decided to travel back to his childhood.
Accidentally touching the old pocket watch (regarded as a time machine), Lily was suddenly taken to the year 1990.
中间（3-4 句）：穿越后的冲突与经历
核心：描述时空场景 + 具体行动 + 小冲突（如无法改变事实、限时压力），用感官描写增强画面感，穿插时态变化（过去进行时、一般过去时）。
场景描写句型（贴合时代特征）：
When the light faded, he found himself in a small village, where horses and carriages passed by instead of cars.
The street was filled with the smell of fresh bread, and people wore clothes that were totally different from those in modern times.
冲突表达句型：
He tried to stop his younger self from arguing with his best friend, but everything still happened as before.
结尾（1-2 句）：返程 + 主题升华
核心：完成穿越返程，点明感悟，呼应开头，用现在完成时 / 一般现在时收尾，升华主题。常用句型：
After returning to the present, Tom understood that the past could not be changed, and he should cherish every moment now.
Though he failed to change what happened, this time-travel experience taught him to appreciate the love from his family.
避坑指南
时态一致：全文以一般过去时为基调，避免时态混乱（如穿越过程用过去进行时，返程后感悟用一般现在时）。
规则统一：不要中途更改时空规则（如开头说不能改变历史，结尾又改变）。
语言简洁：避免堆砌生僻词和复杂句型，优先保证表达准确，再追求亮点。
主题积极：不写黑暗、暴力情节，结尾必须传递正向价值观（如珍惜、勇气、亲情）。
三、3 个差异化写作思路
书信体：以李华身份给笔友写邮件，讲述自己的时光机器穿越经历，分享感悟。
故事续写：基于《时间机器》片段，续写主角穿越到特定年代的经历，用三段式完成情节。
观点类科幻：结合穿越经历，谈谈 “是否应该改变过去”，用故事支撑观点（适配议论文 + 记叙文结合的写作要求）。
Sample
I thought this summer vacation at Aunt Jenny's would go as interesting as watching paint dry. Hers was an old house, built before time began, it seemed. One hundred years ago it was often filled with people coming to stay for the summer — it was such large, grand house that there would be thirty or forty guests at a time, and the host barely knew who some of them were. Then there was the host himself — my great grandfather. He was widely thought of as the smartest, funniest man of his age, and people would come from all over the world to see him.
But that was all in the past. Now the only person who lived here was Aunt Jenny, who lived in one small part of the house and kept the rest closed up.Then I caught the sun shining in my eyes from a tall mirror in the hallway.
"How pretty! It must be a hundred years old. If only I could go back and see my great grandfather!" I said, cleaning the dirt off the mirror with my hand. Suddenly, the shiny mirror became a sea of clouds and I felt myself being pulled inside it. The world began to spin, and I felt confused.
Then, just like that, everything stopped. I looked around, and there I was with the mirror and in the same hall, but things were different. The family photos on the wall were now replaced by paintings of people I did not recognise. The furniture all looked new but old-fashioned at the same time. "I must be one hundred years into the past!" I thought to myself. Then a woman wearing old-fashioned clothing came down the hall. Drawing near, she frowned and said, "Oh, that won't do! The party starts in twenty minutes and you are still in casual clothes! What You didn't bring anything I've got a lovely dress you can borrow. I
think it will just fit."She led me away to her room and helped me get dressed like I was an old friend, and then together we went down to the parlour, which was filled with people dressed in fine clothes gathering around my great grandfather, listening to every word he said.
I spent the summer there, pretending to be a distant cousin from the city who was there on holiday. No one seemed to mind or care, as my great grandfather was quite wealthy and always had lots of guests. I tried to spend as much time as possible with my great grandfather and his friends, and it was the most wonderful time of my life.
Then when the end of summer drew near, I went back to the mirror and rubbed it with my hand again. I found myself back in the same hall, but in modern time. Not a minute had passed. Then I realised that I still had a full summer ahead at boring Aunt Jenny's.
"Now what am I going to do " I asked myself.
Exchange your draft with a partner and revise the draft using your partner's comments.
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Share your story with the rest of the class.
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Vocabulary
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pros and cons 事物的利与弊，支持与反对
例句：The pros and cons of online learning are still being heatedly debated in
education circles. 在线学习的利弊在教育界仍备受激烈讨论。
核心释义：固定名词短语，pros 对应 positive aspects，cons 对应 negative aspects，均为复数形式的缩写用法，无单复数变形。在句中可作主语、宾语、表语。
动词搭配：
weigh the pros and cons 权衡利弊 list the pros and cons 列出优缺点
discuss the pros and cons 讨论利弊 consider the pros and cons 考虑利弊
注意事项：
形式固定不可改：pros 和 cons 必须均为复数形式，不可写成 pro and con 或 a pro and a con，也无所有格形式，不能说 pros' and cons'。
superior adj. 更好的，占优势的，（在级别或重要性上）更高的
例句：This model is superior to the old one in performance.
这款型号在性能上优于旧款。
be superior to sth/sb 比…… 更好；优于……；地位高于……
例句：Organic food is believed to be superior to conventional food in nutrition.
人们认为有机食品在营养上优于传统食品。
superiority n. 优越感；优越性；优势（不可数名词）
例句：The team's superiority in speed helped them win the match easily.
这支队伍的速度优势让他们轻松赢得了比赛。
a sense of superiority 优越感
例句：Some people develop a false sense of superiority because of their family
background. 有些人会因为家庭背景产生虚假的优越感。
conflict with 与...冲突或接触
例句：Your opinion conflicts with mine on this matter.
在这件事上，你的观点和我的相冲突。
注意事项：
不及物属性，必加 with：conflict 是不及物动词，不可单独接宾语，必须加介词 with，这是核心易错点，不可说 conflict sth/sb。
无被动语态：因是 “不及物动词 + 介词” 结构，不存在 be conflicted with 的形式，表达 “被冲突” 需换句式（如 sth is in conflict with sth）。
易混辨析
conflict with vs disagree with
conflict with：偏正式，可指事物间的矛盾或人与人的争执，书面性强；
例句：The data conflicts with the conclusion of the research.
这些数据和研究结论相矛盾。
disagree with：指人与人之间的意见不合，不可用于事物间，口语化；
例句：I disagree with you on how to solve this problem.
关于如何解决这个问题，我和你意见不合。
conflict with vs argue with
conflict with：正式，可指事物矛盾，指人时侧重 “意见分歧、隐性抵触”，不一定有正面争吵；
例句：The two parties conflict with each other on the tax policy.
两党在税收政策上存在分歧。
argue with：日常，仅指人与人正面争吵、争辩，有明确的语言冲突，不可用于事物；
例句：He likes to argue with his parents about his study.
他总喜欢和父母为学习的事争吵。
fetch v. （去）拿来，（去）请来
例句：Could you fetch me a glass of water 你能去给我拿一杯水吗？
fetch sb sth = fetch sth for sb 给某人取来某物
例句：She fetched me a towel. = She fetched a towel for me.
她去给我拿了一条毛巾。
fetch up 〈口〉最终到达；偶然来到；停下（偏英式，非正式）
例句：We lost our way and fetched up at a small village.
我们迷了路，最后到了一个小村庄。
fetch n. （一次）取物的往返路程；取来的动作
例句：I'll go for a fetch to get the mail. 我去一趟取邮件。
turn out 关掉，熄灭，在场，使朝外，结果是
例句：The story turned out (to be) a true one. 这个故事最后证明是真的。
Don't forget to turn out the lights when you leave. 你离开时别忘了关灯。
turn out (to be) adj./n. 结果是……/ 证明是……
例句：The new neighbor turned out (to be) a doctor. 这位新邻居原来是一名医生。
it turns out that... 结果发现……
例句：It turns out that the two of them are old friends. 结果发现他俩是老朋友。
turn out for sth 为某事到场 / 参加
例句：Many fans turned out for the singer's signing event.
很多粉丝到场参加了这位歌手的签售会。
turn out the light/TV 关掉灯 / 电视
例句：Please turn out the TV when you finish watching. 你看完后请把电视关掉。
pace n. 速度，步伐，节奏；v. 确定速度，调整节奏
例句：He walked at a slow pace along the street. 他沿着街道缓步而行。
He paced up and down the room while waiting for the news.
他等消息时在房间里来回踱步。
at a ... pace 以…… 的速度 / 节奏
例句：The company is developing at a rapid pace. 这家公司正在飞速发展。
set the pace 定调；带头；树立榜样
例句：The champion set the pace for the race. 这位冠军为比赛定了节奏。
keep pace with sb/sth 跟上…… 的步伐；与…… 同步
例句：You need to study hard to keep pace with your classmates.
你要努力学习，跟上同学们的步伐。
pace up and down 来回踱步
例句：My mother paced up and down the hospital corridor while waiting for my
operation. 妈妈在医院走廊来回踱步，等我做完手术。
pace oneself 调整自身节奏；量力而行
例句：It's a long marathon, so you must pace yourself well.
这是一场漫长的马拉松，你必须好好把控自己的节奏。
pace with sb/sth 与…… 齐步走；跟上……
例句：The little boy couldn't pace with his father and ran a little behind.
小男孩跟不上爸爸的步伐，跑在了后面。
paced adj. 有…… 节奏的
例句：This is a slow-paced movie, suitable for calm viewing.
这是一部慢节奏的电影，适合静下心来看。
division n. 分开，分隔，差异，除（法）
例句：There is a clear division between the two sides on this issue.
在这个问题上，双方存在明显的分歧。
division into ... 划分为……
例句：The division of the country into several regions made management easier.
这个国家被划分为多个区域，让管理变得更简单。
divide v. 分割；划分；分歧；除
例句：A tall wall divides the two neighborhoods. 一堵高墙隔开了这两个小区。
divide ... into ... 把…… 分成……
例句：The river divides the city into two parts. 这条河把这座城市分成了两部分。
urge n. 强烈的欲望，冲动；v. 催促，力劝，大力推荐
例句：I had an urge to eat ice cream when I saw the advertisement.
看到广告时，我突然有想吃冰激凌的冲动。
A sense of duty urged him to help the poor old man.
责任感促使他去帮助那位可怜的老人。
urge sb to do sth 催促 / 敦促某人做某事
例句：My boss urged me to finish the report before Friday.
老板敦促我周五前完成这份报告。
urge (that) sb (should) do sth 强烈要求某人做某事（虚拟语气）
例句：The parents urged that the school (should) improve the safety measures.
家长们强烈要求学校完善安全措施。
urge for sth 强烈要求某事；迫切需要某物
例句：The local people urge for more public facilities in the community.
当地居民强烈要求社区增加更多公共设施。
urge against sth/doing sth 极力反对某事 / 做某事
例句：Most experts urge against building a factory near the lake.
大多数专家极力反对在湖边建工厂。
urge on sb 向某人极力强调；催促某人
例句：The coach urged on the players to keep fighting until the end.
教练向队员们极力强调，要坚持战斗到最后。
have an urge to do sth 有做某事的冲动 / 强烈欲望
例句：I have an urge to quit my job and start my own business.
我有辞职创业的强烈欲望。
a strong urge for sth 对某物的强烈需求 / 渴望
例句：The homeless people have a strong urge for food and warm clothes in winter.
冬天，无家可归的人迫切需要食物和保暖的衣服。
resist the urge to do sth 忍住做某事的冲动
例句：He resisted the urge to check his phone during the meeting.
开会时，他忍住了看手机的冲动。
urgent adj. 紧急的，迫切的；急需的
例句：We have an urgent meeting this afternoon, so don't be late.
我们今天下午有个紧急会议，别迟到。
urgency n. 紧急；迫切；紧迫性
例句：We need to realize the urgency of protecting the rare animals.
我们需要认识到保护珍稀动物的紧迫性。
Homework
04
1. Complete the exercises at the end of the class.
2. Preview pages 10 to 12 of Unit 1.
See you in the next class!

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