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Think:
Which kinds of body language can help us communicate better
How does eye contact work
Eye contact means looking into another person’s eyes. It is a very important part of body language. You may avoid looking someone in the eye when talking with them because you are shy. But in many cases, eye contact is the key to good communication. You can show friendliness, interest and understanding through eye contact.
Eye contact can mean different things in different places. For example, in northern Europe, direct eye contact is a sign that you are truly interested in what the other person is saying. If you look down and avoid eye contact, a northern European may think you are not listening to what they are saying. However, in many Asian countries, looking down when talking with an older person, like a teacher or a parent, is polite.
These differences can cause problems. Suppose that an East Asian woman meets a person from northern Europe for the first time. If she avoids direct eye contact during the conversation, the northern European may think her behaviour is strange. He or she may even believe that the woman is lying, or that she is not confident. In fact, the East Asian woman is most likely showing respect and being polite.
Avoiding eye contact can cause problems, but too much eye contact is not polite either. In many countries, looking at other people for a long time is impolite. This may make them feel uncomfortable.
What does “eye contact” mean
What kinds of things do people express through eye contact
What may happen if an East Asian woman avoids direct eye contact when talking to a northern European
What is an Asian woman most likely showing if she looks down and avoids eye contact during a conversation
What kind of eye contact is impolite in many countries
Read an article about eye contact and find out how it is viewed in different cultures.
It means looking into another person’s eyes.
People show friendliness, interest and understanding through eye contact.
The northern European may think the East Asian woman’s behaviour is strange. He or she may even believe that the woman is lying, or that she is not confident.
She is most likely showing respect and being polite.
Looking at other people for a long time is impolite in many countries.
Find the words in the article and match them with their meanings.
Read the article again and complete the table.
Situation What may happen
You use direct eye contact during a conversation in northern Europe.
You look down and avoid direct eye contact in northern Europe.
You look down when talking with an older person in Asian countries.
You watch a stranger for a long time.
Read the article again and complete the table.
Situation What may happen
You use direct eye contact during a conversation in northern Europe. People may think you are really interested in what they are saying.
You look down and avoid direct eye contact in northern Europe. People may think that you are not listening.
You look down when talking with an older person in Asian countries. People may think you are polite.
You watch a stranger for a long time. They may feel uncomfortable.
Work in groups and draw a mind map.
Discuss the questions below and share your ideas.
Why does the article say “eye contact can be the key to communication”
How do you use eye contact when you are talking with friends or teachers
How do your friends and other people around you use eye contact when they are talking Do some people use more / less eye contact than others
Do you know what these signs mean
Chinese Sign Language
Sign language is a system of communication for deaf people. It uses a mix of hand signs, facial expressions and hand movements.
People from different parts of the world use different sign languages. Sign language is not simply a “silent version” of any spoken language. There is often a strong relationship between a country’s sign language and its culture. In China, the official sign language is Chinese Sign Language (CSL).
Here are some simplified examples of signs from CSL:
Yes Cross your index finger and middle finger of one hand, point the fingertips forwards and upwards, and press down.
Listen Raise your hand behind your ear, palm outwards, fingers slightly curved.
No Raise one hand upright with the palm outwards and swing it from side to side.
Thanks Make a thumbs-up sign, and bend your thumb forward twice with a smile on your face.
Love Make a thumbs-up sign with your left hand, point it forwards and gently stroke the back of the thumb with the right hand.
Remember: these descriptions are simplified. If you want to learn CSL, you can take a course or watch official training videos. There are also handbooks and other reference materials available.
Read the text about Chinese Sign Language (CSL) and answer the questions.
What is sign language
What elements are used in sign language
Do people around the world use the same sign language
It is a system of communication for deaf people.
No, they use different sign languages. There is often a strong relationship between a country’s sign language and its culture.
It uses a mix of hand signs, facial expressions, and hand movements.
Read the text about Chinese Sign Language (CSL) and write what the signs in the pictures mean.
Yes
Thanks
Listen
Love
NO
Do you know any other CSL signs
Work in groups. Go online to find out more CSL signs and their meanings.
Show the class how to do the sign and tell them what it means.
Self-assessment
评价内容 评分(1-5)
1.我能理解眼神交流中所呈现的跨文化差异。 1 2 3 4 5
2.我能理解听障人士的交流方式——手语。 1 2 3 4 5
3.我能意识到肢体语言在社交中的重要性，并能在不同的社交场合得体地使用肢体语言。 1 2 3 4 5
Homework
基础作业
根据Eye contact的思维导图提示，完成一段口头介绍，并将其录制成音频。
拓展作业
阅读文章“The Power of Cheering”，参考Eye contact的思维导图，运用思维导图对其结构与内容进行梳理。
The Power of Cheering
Cheering is a way to show support, joy and encouragement. When people cheer, they shout loudly. At the same time, they usually clap or wave their hands in the air. Cheering creates a sense of excitement, and it’s a way to show support during events.
People usually cheer during sports events or concerts. For example, the crowd at a football match always cheers when their team scores a goal. Cheering not only encourages others but also makes everyone feel part of something bigger. It feels good to cheer together.
However, cheering isn’t the same everywhere. In some countries, people cheer very loudly at sports events and concerts. In Asian cultures, however, people usually cheer more quietly, or they may simply applaud instead. When we visit other countries, it is important to understand this kind of cultural differences.
As you can see, cheering is more than just making noise—it is a powerful way to share joy, and it also brings people together!
You may avoid looking someone in the eye when talking with them because you are shy.
该句是一个主从复合句，包含一个主句“You may avoid looking someone in the eye”、时间状语 when talking with them 和一个原因
状语从句“because you are shy”。本句意为：“你可能因为害羞，在和别人交谈时避免与他们对视。”
avoid /R9vOId/ v. 避免；防止
I took the train to avoid the traffic on the roads.
shy /SaI/ adj. 羞怯的；腼腆的
Susan is a shy and quiet girl.
For example, in northern Europe, direct eye contact is a sign that
you are truly interested in what the other person is saying.
此句是一个复合句，包含一个主句和一个 that 引导的同位语从句，用来解释、说明和补充主句表语sign 的具体内容。that 作为引导同位语从句的连接词，本身无实际意义，只起连接作用。同位语从句中，you 是从句的主语，谓语部分为 are truly interested in，后接一个由 what 引导的宾语从句。本句意为：“例如，在北欧，直接的目光接触是你对对方所说的话真正感兴趣的一种表现。”
direct /dR9rekt/ adj. 直接的
He avoided giving a direct answer.
sign /saIn/ n. 迹象；征兆
Smiling is a sign that you are happy.
truly /9tru:li/ adv. 真诚地
I truly believe that our team can win.
However, in many Asian countries, looking down when talking
with an older person, like a teacher or a parent, is polite.
这是一个复合句，其主干是一个主系表结构：Looking down（主语）+ is（系动词）+ polite（表语）。插入语 like a teacher or a parent 用来修饰 an older person，in many Asian countries作地点状语。本句意为：“然而，在许多亚洲国家，与长辈（例如老师或父母）交谈时，目光向下是礼貌的。”
If she avoids direct eye contact during the conversation, the northern European may think her behaviour is strange.
该句由一个 if 引导的条件状语从句和一个主句构成，主句中包含一个省略连接词 that 的宾语从句。本句意为：“如果她在谈话中避免直接的眼神接触，这个北欧人可能会觉得她的行为很奇怪。”
behaviour /bI9heIvjR(r)/ n. 行为；举止
Please pay attention to your behaviour on the class trip to the museum.
case /keIs/ n. 具体情况；事例
In some cases, students are allowed to take a
test a second time.
suppose /sR9pRWz/ v. 假定；假设
Suppose that your family is planning to move
to a new city, what challenges will you probably face
uncomfortable /Vn9kVmftRbl/ adj. 不自在的
I felt uncomfortable when my friends began to argue with each other.

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