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外研版七年级下册 Unit 4 The art of having fun 单元知识点梳理
一、重点单词
1. art /ɑ t/ n. 艺术；技艺；美术（短语：the art of... ……的艺术）
2. fun /f n/ n. 乐趣；快乐 adj. 有趣的（短语：have fun 玩得开心；fun things 有趣的事）
3. hobby / h bi/ n. 业余爱好（复数：hobbies；短语：a good hobby 好的爱好）
4. leisure / le (r)/ n. 闲暇；休闲（短语：leisure time 休闲时间）
5. entertainment / ent te nm nt/ n. 娱乐；消遣
6. relax /r l ks/ v. 放松；休息（形容词：relaxed 放松的；relaxing 令人放松的）
7. creative /kri e t v/ adj. 有创造力的（动词：create 创造；名词：creativity 创造力）
8. prefer /pr f (r)/ v. 更喜欢；偏爱（短语：prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事）
9. spend /spend/ v. 花费；度过（过去式/过去分词：spent；短语：spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事）
10. collect /k lekt/ v. 收集；搜集（名词：collection 收藏；collector 收藏家）
11. paint /pe nt/ v. 绘画；涂色 n. 颜料（短语：paint a picture 画画）
12. draw /dr / v. 画；绘画（过去式：drew；过去分词：drawn）
13. sing /s / v. 唱；唱歌（过去式：sang；过去分词：sung）
14. dance /dɑ ns/ v.&n. 跳舞（短语：dance to music 跟着音乐跳舞）
15. play /ple / v. 玩；演奏；打（球）n. 游戏；戏剧（短语：play the piano 弹钢琴）
16. read /ri d/ v. 读；阅读（过去式/过去分词：read /red/；短语：read novels 读小说）
17. watch /w t / v. 观看；注视（短语：watch a movie 看电影）
18. travel / tr vl/ v.&n. 旅行；游历（短语：travel around 四处旅行）
19. picnic / p kn k/ n.&v. 野餐（复数/现在分词：picnics）
20. camp /k mp/ v.&n. 露营；营地（短语：go camping 去露营）
21. chess /t es/ n. 国际象棋（短语：play chess 下国际象棋）
22. card /kɑ d/ n. 卡片；纸牌（短语：play cards 打牌）
23. puzzle / p zl/ n. 谜；智力游戏 v. 使困惑（短语：do a puzzle 玩智力游戏）
24. outdoor / a td (r)/ adj. 户外的（短语：outdoor activities 户外活动）
25. indoor / nd (r)/ adj. 室内的（短语：indoor games 室内游戏）
26. together /t ɡe (r)/ adv. 一起；共同（短语：play together 一起玩）
27. enjoy / n d / v. 享受；喜爱（短语：enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事）
28. happy / h pi/ adj. 快乐的；幸福的（副词：happily 快乐地）
29. exciting / k sa t / adj. 令人兴奋的（修饰事物）
30. excited / k sa t d/ adj. 感到兴奋的（修饰人）
31. interesting / ntr st / adj. 有趣的（修饰事物）
32. interested / ntr st d/ adj. 感兴趣的（修饰人；短语：be interested in 对……感兴趣）
33. free /fri / adj. 空闲的；自由的（短语：free time 空闲时间）
34. busy / b zi/ adj. 忙碌的（短语：be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事）
35. plan /pl n/ v.&n. 计划；打算（过去式/过去分词：planned；短语：make a plan 制定计划）
二、重点短语
1. the art of having fun 娱乐的艺术
2. have fun 玩得开心
3. leisure time 休闲时间
4. free time 空闲时间
5. a good hobby 好的业余爱好
6. spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事
7. prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
8. be interested in 对……感兴趣
9. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
10. paint a picture 画画
11. play the piano 弹钢琴
12. play chess 下国际象棋
13. play cards 打牌
14. do a puzzle 玩智力游戏
15. watch a movie 看电影
16. read novels 读小说
17. dance to music 跟着音乐跳舞
18. go camping 去露营
19. have a picnic 去野餐
20. travel around 四处旅行
21. outdoor activities 户外活动
22. indoor games 室内游戏
23. play together 一起玩
24. make a plan 制定计划
25. after school 放学后
26. on weekends 在周末
27. get relaxed 得到放松
28. develop a hobby 培养爱好
29. different kinds of 不同种类的
30. share hobbies 分享爱好
三、重点句型
1. —What do you usually do for fun in your free time
—I usually play the piano and read novels.
（—你空闲时间通常做什么消遣？—我通常弹钢琴和读小说。）
2. The art of having fun is to find something you really like and enjoy it.
（娱乐的艺术就是找到你真正喜欢的事并享受它。）
3. I prefer to do outdoor activities like camping and having picnics on weekends.
（周末我更喜欢做露营、野餐这样的户外活动。）
4. She is interested in painting and she spends an hour painting every day.
（她对画画感兴趣，每天花一小时画画。）
5. It’s important to have a hobby because it can make us relaxed and happy.
（培养一个爱好很重要，因为它能让我们放松和快乐。）
6. —Do you like indoor games or outdoor activities
—I like both. I play chess at home and go hiking outside.
（—你喜欢室内游戏还是户外活动？—我都喜欢，我在家下象棋，出去徒步旅行。）
7. My family and I often have a picnic in the park and we have a lot of fun.
（我和家人经常去公园野餐，我们玩得很开心。）
8. He enjoys playing the guitar and he often plays it for his friends.
（他喜欢弹吉他，经常为朋友们弹奏。）
9. We should plan our free time well and do more meaningful things for fun.
（我们应该好好规划空闲时间，做更多有意义的事来消遣。）
10. Collecting stamps is his favorite hobby and he has a big collection of stamps.
（集邮是他最喜欢的爱好，他有一大套邮票收藏。）
11. Watching movies is a good way to relax after a busy week at school.
（看电影是学校忙碌一周后放松的好方法。）
12. —Why do you like going camping
—Because it’s exciting to stay close to nature and play with friends.
（—你为什么喜欢去露营？—因为亲近自然、和朋友一起玩很令人兴奋。）
13. My best friend and I share the same hobby—we both like dancing.
（我和我最好的朋友有共同的爱好——我们都喜欢跳舞。）
14. It’s great fun to play chess with my grandpa every evening.
（每天晚上和爷爷下象棋非常有趣。）
15. We can develop different hobbies to make our free time more colorful.
（我们可以培养不同的爱好，让我们的空闲时间更丰富多彩。）
四、重点词汇辨析
1. spend, take, cost & pay
词汇 词性 含义与用法 例句
spend 动词 主语为人，表花费时间/金钱；搭配：spend...on sth. / spend...(in) doing sth. I spend an hour reading every day.（我每天花一小时读书。） She spent 50 yuan on the book.（她花50元买了这本书。）
take 动词 主语多为it，表花费时间；固定句型：It takes sb. some time to do sth. It takes me 20 minutes to walk to the park.（走到公园要花我20分钟。）
cost 动词 主语为物，表花费金钱，无被动形式 The new toy cost him 30 yuan.（这个新玩具花了他30元。）
pay 动词 主语为人，表“支付”金钱；搭配：pay for sth. He paid 100 yuan for the ticket.（他花100元买了这张票。）
2. interested & interesting
词汇 词性 含义与用法 例句
interested 形容词 修饰人，表“感到感兴趣的”；固定搭配：be interested in sth./doing sth. I am interested in playing the guitar.（我对弹吉他感兴趣。）
interesting 形容词 修饰事物/活动，表“令人感兴趣的、有趣的” This is an interesting storybook.（这是一本有趣的故事书。）
3. excited & exciting
词汇 词性 含义与用法 例句
excited 形容词 修饰人，表“感到兴奋的、激动的” The children are excited about the picnic.（孩子们对野餐感到很兴奋。）
exciting 形容词 修饰事物/事情，表“令人兴奋的、激动人心的” It’s an exciting trip to the mountains.（这次登山旅行很令人兴奋。）
4. relax, relaxed & relaxing
词汇 词性 含义与用法 例句
relax 动词 表“放松、休息”，可作谓语 We can listen to music to relax.（我们可以听音乐来放松。）
relaxed 形容词 修饰人，表“感到放松的” I feel relaxed after listening to music.（听音乐后我感到很放松。）
relaxing 形容词 修饰事物/活动，表“令人放松的” Listening to music is a relaxing activity.（听音乐是一项令人放松的活动。）
5. prefer to do sth. & prefer doing sth.
短语 含义与用法 例句
prefer to do sth. 侧重具体的、一次性的选择，或在两者中选择其一 I prefer to stay at home today.（今天我更喜欢待在家里。）
prefer doing sth. 侧重习惯性的、长期的爱好或偏好 She prefers reading books in her free time.（她空闲时间更喜欢看书。）
五、重点语法
1. 动名词（V-ing）的用法
（1）作主语
- 含义：表示某件事、某个动作或行为，谓语动词用单数形式。
- 句式：V-ing + 谓语（单数）+ 其他；也可用It作形式主语，结构为：It is + 形容词/名词 + doing sth.
- 例句：
Reading is a good hobby.（读书是一个好爱好。）
It is fun playing chess with friends.（和朋友下象棋很有趣。）
（2）作宾语
- 常接动名词作宾语的动词（本单元重点）：enjoy, spend, practice, prefer, like, love
- 固定搭配：
enjoy doing sth.（喜欢做某事）、spend time doing sth.（花费时间做某事）、prefer doing sth.（更喜欢做某事）
- 例句：
I enjoy playing the piano.（我喜欢弹钢琴。）
She spends two hours painting every weekend.（她每个周末花两小时画画。）
2. 选择疑问句
- 含义：提出两种或两种以上的选择，要求对方从中选出一种回答的疑问句。
- 构成：
① 一般疑问句 + or + 另一个选择？
② 特殊疑问句 + 选择A + or + 选择B？
- 回答：不能用Yes/No，直接选择其中一项回答即可。
- 例句：
—Do you like indoor games or outdoor activities （你喜欢室内游戏还是户外活动？）
—I like outdoor activities.（我喜欢户外活动。）
—What do you prefer to do on weekends, go camping or have a picnic （周末你更喜欢做什么，露营还是野餐？）
—I prefer to go camping.（我更喜欢去露营。）
3. 一般现在时的特殊用法（表习惯性的爱好/活动）
- 含义：用于描述某人经常性、习惯性的休闲娱乐活动，常与频度副词/时间状语连用。
- 常用频度副词：usually, often, always, sometimes, seldom
- 常用时间状语：in one’s free time, on weekends, after school, every day
- 例句：
He often plays chess with his father on weekends.（他周末经常和爸爸下象棋。）
We sometimes have a picnic in the park after school.（我们放学后有时去公园野餐。）
六、写作指导（介绍我的爱好/我的周末休闲方式）
1. 写作结构（两种题型通用）
题型一：介绍我的爱好（My Hobby）
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 开门见山，点明自己的爱好是什么 Everyone has a hobby, and my favorite hobby is playing the guitar. It’s my best way to have fun in my free time.
主体 说明喜欢这个爱好的原因；描述自己做这个爱好的具体情况（时间、方式、感受） I like playing the guitar because it’s very relaxing and interesting. I learn to play it from my music teacher, and I practice it for an hour every evening after finishing my homework. When I play the guitar, I feel very happy and all my tiredness is gone.
结尾 说明这个爱好带来的收获，表达对爱好的喜爱 Playing the guitar is not only my hobby but also my good friend. It makes my free time more colorful and helps me relax. I will keep this hobby forever.
题型二：我的周末休闲方式（My Weekend Fun）
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 总述周末的休闲理念，引出自己的周末安排 Weekends are the best time for us to have fun and relax. I always plan my weekend well and do a lot of interesting things with my family and friends.
主体 分点描述周末的具体活动（室内/户外），说明活动的过程和感受 On Saturday morning, I usually read novels at home. It’s a good way to enjoy quiet time. In the afternoon, I go to the park to play badminton with my friends. On Sunday, my family and I often have a picnic in the countryside. We can enjoy the beautiful scenery and eat delicious food.
结尾 总结周末的感受，说明休闲的意义 My weekends are always full of fun and happiness. These activities make me relaxed and ready for the new week’s study. I think this is the best art of having fun.
2. 范文示例
My Hobby
Hobbies make our free time more colorful and bring us a lot of fun. Everyone has a favorite hobby, and mine is drawing. I love drawing very much and it has been my hobby for two years.
I started to learn drawing when I was in Grade Five. My art teacher taught me how to draw simple pictures like flowers and animals, and I fell in love with it at once. Now I spend one and a half hours drawing every day after school. I usually draw in my bedroom. I like drawing natural scenery best, such as mountains, rivers and sunsets. When I draw, I feel very calm and relaxed. I forget all my worries and just enjoy the time of creating. Sometimes I show my drawings to my family and friends, and they all say they are very beautiful. That makes me very proud.
Drawing is more than just a hobby for me. It helps me develop my creativity and patience. It also makes me find the beauty in life. I will keep drawing and learn more drawing skills. I hope I can become a good painter one day and draw more beautiful pictures to share the beauty of the world with others.

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