资源简介

(共19张PPT)
主语是一个句子所叙说的主体，表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”，一般位于句首.
主语
主
语
名词（短语 ），代词（主格），数词 ，名词化的形容词， (wh-) to do 短语 ， doing （短语 ）
1. 单个词和 短语
Water is very important to human beings.
A black cat lay there, stretch its body.
We often play basketball after class.
Thirteen is an unlucky number in western countries.
The young should respect the old.
To get up early is necessary.
How to get along with others is the first thing you learn.
Swimming alone in the river is very dangerous.
①她获得第一名真是振奋人心的。
①陈述句做主语，用that 引导
2.句子做主语
__________________________is encouraging.
She won the first prize
②她还活着是一个奇迹.
__________________________is a miracle.
That she is still alive the first prize
That she won the first prize
②一般疑问句做主语，用whether引导，用陈述语序－－主语在前，谓语在后。
①他是否来还不确定。
______________________is not certain.
Whether will he come
Whether he will come
②我们明天是否拜访Professor White还没定。
____________________________________
has not been decided yet.
Whether we will call on Professor White tomorrow
③特殊疑问 做主语，引导词用原引导词，用陈述句语序。
②谁会赢得比赛还不确定。
______________________is a mystery.
What is he studying
What he is studying
①他在研究什么是个谜。
______________________is a mystery.
Who will win the game
Who will win the game
___________________________is being discussed .
③我们要去哪里举办party还在讨论中。
Where will we hold the party
Where we will hold the party
When
1.从属连词 (不作成分）
2. 连接代词 （作主语，宾语， 表语，定语等）
3. 连接副词 （作状语）
what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever
that, whether （“是否”）
when, where, how, why
主语从句引导词
That she will come matters.
Whether she will come doesn’t matter.
从属
连词
that _____成分，___意义，____省略。
whether____成分，__意义，译为_____。
从属连词引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分。
不做
是否
无
不能
不做
有
1. 从属连词： that、whether
What makes me angry is her attitude.
What we need is more time.
Which book I shall choose hasn’t been decided.
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
2.连接代词
S
O
A
S
what, who, whom, wh+ever :
在从句中
译为“（无论）什么，（无论）谁”
做主语、宾语、表语等
判断连接代词在句中充当什么成分。
which, whose:
在从句中做定语。
译为 “...的，哪一个”
When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon.
Why they got involved in the fight was still unknown.
Where the trees　will be planted has not been decided.
How they will reach the mountain is still under discussion.
３.连接副词
when, why, where, how, 等在从句中作 成分。
状语
_______ she loves dancing is no secret to her friends.
_______ we should respect each other is a principle of good manners.
_______ the economy will recover next year is still uncertain.
_______ they will be able to find a solution to the problem remains to be seen.
_______ she keeps healthy is a secret.
_______ he didn’t appear confused us all.
That
That
Whether
Whether
How
Why
_______ you said yesterday is right.
_______ she is still alive is exciting.
_______ he lost the bike worried him a lot.
_______ he lost yesterday is his bike.
注意１：what 与 that在引导主语从句时的区别
what 既引导从句，又在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，that 只引导从句，不在从句中充当成分。
Whether life exists on other planets ___ not clear.
When and where our sports meeting will be held _____ unknown.
When the task can be finished and whether he can have a rest ________ unknown.
What he wants most _____staying with his family.
What they need _______ masks(口罩).
主语从句做主语，谓语动词一般用单数。
what在主从中做宾语，主句ｂｅ动词由表语决定单复数。
主语从句太长怎么办？
That all countries work together is important.
用一个 It 来解决问题！
It is important that all countries work together.
★主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象,用it做_______，而把从句放在后面充当_________。
形式主语
真正的主语
important,(un)likely,possible,necessary,natural,wrong,obvious, clear…
句型一
形容词
It + be +形容词+主语从句
1. It was surprising that she passed the difficult exam.
2. It is not clear whether he told a lie.
Attention：
此句型中的形容词是important, necessary等时，从句应该使用虚拟语气。例：It is important that we (should) learn English well.
a fact, a good idea, a pity, an honor, good news, a/no surprise, a question, no wonder.....
句型二
名词
It +be +名词+主语从句
It is a pity that he missed such an interesting film．
It is good news that he has recovered.
known, said, reported, believed, thought，suggested, …
句型三
过去分词
It + be+过去分词+主语从句
It is said that they are identical twins.
It is reported that a big earthquake hit the area.
Attention：如果过去分词是suggested, ordered, required, advised, requested等表示建议、要求、命令等词时，从句应该使用虚拟语气。
It was suggested that he (should) go there.
appear, seem, happen, occur to, look, turn out …
句型四
不及物动词
It+不及物动词+主语从句
1. It happened that they were out that day.
2. It seems that it is going to rain.
1. __________________(可能)she will come back tomorrow.
2. __________________(很明显)this measure is effective.
3. _______________(很遗憾) we lost the match.
4. ________________(这是事实) he cheated in the exam.
5. ____________________(据报道)20 people were killed in the accident.
6. _____________________(建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.
7. __________________(碰巧) I came into the office at that time.
8. _______________________(我突然想起) I forget to
send the letter.
It is possible that
It is obvious that
It is a pity that
It is a fact that
It is reported that
It is suggested that
It happened that
It occurred to me that

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