Unit 3 Growing Up Section A 核心单词,短语 课件(共48张PPT) 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

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Unit 3 Growing Up Section A 核心单词,短语 课件(共48张PPT) 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

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(共48张PPT)
Section A
探究一 核心单词
Unit 3
Growing Up
1 emotion / 'm n/ n. 情感;情绪(教材P21)
· Emotion can affect our decision making.
情感会影响我们的决策。
· You must learn to control your emotions.
你一定要学会控制你的情绪。
· It was an emotional moment for her.
对她来说,那是个激动人心的时刻。
emotion n. 意为“情感;情绪”,既可作不可数名词,也可作可数名词。常见搭配:
(1) control emotions 控制情绪
(2) show/express emotions 表达情感
emotional adj. 情感的;情绪的;激动人心的
2 upset / p'set/ adj. 难过的;沮丧的(教材P22)
· She was upset about failing the math test.
她因数学考试不及格而沮丧。
· I’m upset with my brother for breaking my bike.
我因弟弟弄坏了我的自行车而生气。
· You look upset. 你看起来很沮丧。
· The loud noise upset the baby. 吵闹声让宝宝不高兴。
upset adj. 意为“难过的;沮丧的”,不用于名词前作定语。
常见用法:
(1) be upset about/at/over (doing) sth.因(做) 某事沮丧
(2) be upset with sb. 生某人的气
upset 还可以作动词,意为“使烦恼;打乱”。过去式为upset。
3 lonely /'l nli/ adj. 孤独的;寂寞的(教材P22)
alone / 'l n/ adv. 独自;单独(教材P22)
· She often feels lonely when her parents are away on business.
父母出差时,她常常感到孤独。
· She wrote a story about a lonely child in the big city.
她写了一个关于大城市里孤独小孩的故事。
· They live in a lonely village far from the town.
他们住在远离城镇的偏僻村庄里。
· For years Mary lived alone in New York.
玛丽孤身一人在纽约生活了好几年。
· He feels calm when he’s alone. 他独处时感到平静。
辨析:lonely 与alone
lonely 形容词 “孤独的;寂寞的”,强调主观感情,心灵上的孤独,带有伤感的色彩。既可作定语也可作表语。feel lonely“感到孤独”。 “偏僻的;人迹罕至的”,只用于名词前作定语。 alone 副词 “独自;单独”,相当于by oneself。 强调独自一人的客观情况,
不含感彩。
形容词 “单独的;独自的”,常用作表语。 4 shocked / kt/ adj. 震惊的(教材P22)
· Everyone was shocked at the news of the sudden earthquake.
所有人都对突如其来的地震消息感到震惊。
· They were shocked to see the damage caused by the storm.
看到风暴造成的破坏,他们感到震惊。
shocked adj. 意为“震惊的”,在句中常作表语,其主语是人。
shocked 的常见用法:(1) be shocked at/by... 对……感到震惊
(2) be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊
5 control /k n'tr l/ v. & n. 控制(教材P22)
· He can keep balance on a skateboard by controlling his body.
他能够通过控制身体在滑板上保持平衡。
· He is in control of the company. 他掌管着这家公司。
· The driver lost control of his car.
那位司机失去了对车的控制。
· The situation is under control. 局势得到了控制。
· The fire is burning out of control. 火势失控了。
control v. 意为“控制”,过去式和过去分词都是
controlled。现在分词为controlling。
control 还可作名词,是不可数名词,意为“控制”。常见搭配:
(1) be in control of 掌管;管理
(2) lose control of 对……失去控制
(3) be under control 得到控制
(4) out of control 失控
(5) under the control of... 在……的控制之下
6 advise / d'va z/ v. 建议;劝告(教材P22)
· The teacher advised me about choosing a university major.
老师就选择大学专业给了我建议。
· The doctor advised me to take more rest and drink plenty of water.
医生建议我多休息并多喝水。
· The guidebook advises against visiting the museum on Mondays.
旅行指南建议不要周一去参观博物馆。
· My teacher advised studying in groups for the exam.
老师建议我们分组备考。
· They advise that a passport should be carried with you at all times.
他们建议护照要随时带在身边。
advise v. “建议,劝告”,具体用法:
(1) advise sb. about/on sth. 就某事给某人建议或忠告
(2) advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不) 做某事
(3) advise against doing sth. 建议不要做某事
(4) advise doing sth. 建议做某事
(5) advise + t hat 从句 建议…… 从句中谓语用 (should+) 动词原形
对应的名词为advice。
7 forgive /f 'ɡ v/ v. (forgave/f 'ɡe v/,forgiven /f 'ɡ vn/) 原谅;宽恕(教材P23)
· Please forgive me for being late. 请原谅我迟到了。
· You need to forgive yourself for the mistake. 你需要原谅自己的错误。
· He was forgiven after saying sorry. 他道歉后被原谅了。
forgive v. 意为“原谅;宽恕”,具体用法:
(1) forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做) 某事原谅某人
(2) forgive oneself for sth. 因为某事原谅自己
(3) sb. be forgiven (for sth.) 某人被原谅(因为某事)
8 fault /f lt/ n. 过错;责任(教材P23)
· The accident was caused by human fault. 这个事故由人为失误造成。
· It’s her fault for forgetting to lock the door. 忘了锁门是她的过失。
· It’s not your fault that we missed the train.
我们错过了火车不是你的错。
· She always finds fault with my cooking. 她总对我的厨艺挑刺。
· Her only fault is being too impatient. 她唯一的缺点是太没耐心。
fault 意为“过错;责任”时,是不可数名词。常见用法:
(1) be one’s fault for doing sth. 做某事是某人的过失
(2) It’s sb.’s fault (that) ... 某事是某人的错
(3) find fault with sb./sth. 挑剔;找茬儿
(4) at fault 有责任
fault 作名词,还可意为“缺点”,是可数名词。
9 present /'preznt/ n. 礼物(教材P23)
· She gave me a beautiful present /gift. 她给了我一个漂亮的礼物。
· What are you doing at present 你现在在做什么?
· He is pleased with his present work. 他对现在的工作满意。
· There were 200 people present when the meeting started.
会议开始时有200 人在场。
· The headmaster presented Mr. Wang with a medal.
校长授予王老师一块奖牌。
present n. 意为“礼物”,相当于gift,是可数名词。
present 的其他词义及用法:
n. “现在”,at present 现在,目前
adj. “现在的”,仅用于名词前作定语
“出席的;在场的”,修饰名词要后置
v. “颁发;授予”
10 standard /'st nd d/ n. 标准;水平 adj. 标准的
· The handmade furniture is above standard in terms of both quality and design. 这件手工家具在质量和设计方面都超过标准。
· The quality of this batch of toys is below standard.
这批玩具的质量未达到标准。
· The machine’s operation is now up to standard.
这台机器的运行现在达到标准了。
· She worked hard and finally reached/met the standard.
她努力学习,最终达到了标准。
· The room comes with a standard double bed and a desk.
这间房配备标准双人床和书桌。
standard n. 意为“标准;水平”,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。常见搭配:
(1) above standard 超过标准
(2) below standard 未达到标准;不合格
(3) up to standard 达到标准,合格
(4) reach/meet the standard 达到标准
standard 还可作形容词,意为“标准的”。
11 award / 'w d/ n. 奖;奖品(教材P24)
· He won the best player of the year award.
他获得年度最佳运动员奖。
· She did well in this test and her mother gave her an award.
她在这次考试中做得很好,她的妈妈给了她一个奖品。
· The headmaster awarded a medal to the student.
校长给那个学生颁发了一枚奖章。
· She studied very hard and was awarded the first prize at the end of last year. 她学习很用功,去年年底被授予一等奖。
award n. 意为“奖;奖品”,可数名词。
win/receive an award 赢得/ 获得奖项。
award 还可以作动词,意为“授予”。常见用法:
(1) award sb. sth.= award sth. to sb. 给某人颁发某物
(2) award the first prize 授予一等奖
12 pressure /'pre (r) / n. 压力(教材P24)
· Parents shouldn’t put too much pressure on their children.
父母不应该给他们的孩子施加太多压力。
· Exercising every day helps me reduce pressure from work.
每天锻炼帮我减轻工作压力。
· The team made a mistake under pressure during the game.
团队在压力下在比赛中犯了错。
pressure n. 意为“压力”。多指外界施加的压力或工作、生活中的压力,通常用作不可数名词。
pressure 的常见短语有:
(1) put pressure on sb. 强迫;促使某人
(2) reduce pressure 减轻压力
(3) under pressure 被迫;承受着(急于完成某事的) 压力
13 purpose /'p p s/ n. 目的;意图(教材P25)
· The purpose of brushing our teeth is to keep them clean and healthy.
刷牙的目的是保持牙齿干净和健康。
· She ignored me yesterday—maybe she did it on purpose.
她昨天不理我,可能是故意的。
· I found her address by accident while cleaning my room.
我打扫房间时偶然发现了她的地址。
· They built a bridge for the purpose of improving traffic.
他们建桥是为了改善交通。
purpose n. 意为“目的;意图”时,是可数名词。
purpose 的常见搭配:
(1) the purpose of... ……的目的
(2) on purpose 故意;有意地(反义短语是by accident)
(3) for the purpose of... 为了……
14 apologize / 'p l d a z/ v. 道歉(=apologise)
· Sorry, I forgot your birthday! I’ll apologize with a card.
忘记你生日真抱歉!我会用卡片道歉。
· I lied about the homework. I must apologize to Mum.
关于作业我撒谎了,我必须跟妈妈道歉。
· The teacher asked me to apologize for talking in class.
老师让我为上课讲话道歉。
· I gave her flowers as an apology for being late.
我给她送花道歉,因为我迟到了。
apologize (=apologise) v. 意为“道歉”,是不及物动词。常见用法:(1) apologize to sb. 对某人道歉
(2) apologize for sth. 为某事道歉
apology n. 道歉,常见搭配:
(1) make an apology 道歉
(2) make an apology to sb.= say sorry to sb. 给某人道歉
15 shut / t/ v. 关闭;合上;住嘴(教材P25)
· Shut the window, please! The wind is blowing my homework papers away.
请关上窗户!风把我的作业纸都吹跑啦!
· After eating your cookies, shut the cookie jar tightly.
吃完饼干要盖紧罐子。
· Shut off the game console! You’ve played for two hours straight.
关掉游戏机!你已经连续玩了两小时。
· I shut my secret diary away in a locked box.
我把秘密日记锁进盒子里。
· The computer system will be shut down on the weekend.
计算机系统周末将被关闭。
· The baby is sleeping. Shut up, or you’ll wake her up!
宝宝在睡觉,闭嘴!不然会吵醒她!
shut v. 意为“关闭;合上”,一般指关闭门、窗,与close 意思相近。常见搭配:
(1) shut off= turn off 关闭;停止运转
(2) shut sb./sth. away 把……关(藏) 起来;隔离
(3) shut sth. down(使) 关张;停业;关闭
shut 过去式与过去分词均为shut,现在分词为shutting。
shut 作动词,还可意为“闭嘴”。shut up 闭嘴。
16 lastly /'lɑ stli/ adv. 最后(教材P25)
· Lastly, I would like to thank everyone for coming here today.
最后,我想感谢大家今天的光临。
· After years of planning, the project was at last completed.
经过多年规划,项目终于完成了。
lastly adv. 意为“最后”,一般置于句首,用以引出所列事情中的最后一项或最后一点。其同义词为finally。
lastly 是由“形容词last(最后的) + 后缀-ly”构成的。
辨析:lastly 与at last
lastly 强调按照顺序的“最后”。
at last 强调指经过周折、等待、耽搁后“终于”得到所期待的结果。
Section A
探究一 核心短语
Unit 3
Growing Up
1 deal with 处理;对付(教材P21)
· We should learn to deal with all kinds of difficulties.
我们应该学会处理各种各样的困难。
· Teachers know how to deal with kids who don’t listen.
老师知道如何应对不听讲的孩子。
· What should I do with this old toy
我应该怎么处理这个旧玩具?
辨析:deal with 与do with
deal with 意为“处理;对付”。 侧重处理问题的方式、方法,常与疑问词how 连用。
do with 侧重处理的对象,常与疑问词
what 连用。
2 in future 今后;从今以后(教材P23)
· Don’t be late again. In future, come to school on time!
别再迟到了。今后要准时到校!
· I want to be an astronaut in the future.
长大后我想成为一名宇航员。
辨析:in future 与in the future
短语 含义 用法
in future 相当于from now on, 意为“ 往后;从今以后”,侧重强调从现在开始。 用于纠正错误、提出警告或表达“从现在起必须改变的行为”,通常搭配命令/ 建议。
in the future “在将来”,指离现在较远的将来一段时间。常与一般将来时连用。 用于谈论未来计划、可能性或长期趋势,强调“未来时间范围”,通常搭配具体事件。
速记小法:
长(in t he future) 的长(距离现在时间较长) ,
短(in future) 的短(距离现在时间较短) 。
3 clear the air 尽释前嫌(教材P23)
· Yesterday we cleared the air and said sorry to each other.
昨天我们互相道歉、尽释前嫌了。
· Let’s clear the air before the game. We need to work together!
比赛前咱们尽释前嫌吧!我们需要齐心协力!
clear the air 是一个常用习语,意为“尽释前嫌”,指消除误会、缓和紧张气氛、化解矛盾。侧重过程性的沟通、疏导情绪。
clear the air (between sb.) 消除(某人之间的) 误会
clear the air by doing sth. 通过做某事缓和气氛
4 get across 解释清楚;传达(教材P24)
· I need to get this message across to the team.
我需要把这个信息传达给团队。
· The new policy didn’t get across to the employees.
新政策未被员工理解。
· Speak louder to get your ideas across clearly.
大声说才能让你的想法被清楚理解。
get across 动词短语,意为“解释清楚;传达”。
其用法如下:
(1) get sth. across (to sb.) =get across sth.(to sb.) (向某人) 讲清楚某事
(2) get across to sb. 向某人传达
(3) get across clearly 清晰传达
5 plenty of 充足;大量(教材P25)
· We need plenty of chairs for the party tonight.
今晚的聚会我们需要很多椅子。
· He spent plenty of time preparing for the exam.
他花了很多时间准备考试。
· A number of books in the library need to be repaired.
图书馆里许多书需要修补。
plenty of 意为“充足;大量”,常用于肯定句中,相当于a lot of/lots of,其后可接可数名词复数,也可接不可数名词。其中plenty 作代词,意为“充足;丰富;大量”。
相近短语:a number of 意为“一些;许多”,只能修饰可数名词复数,不能修饰不可数名词。

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