资源简介

(共101张PPT)
Unit 1 Time to Relax
Section A 1a- 2d
初中英语人教版八年级下册
1.Learning goals
Talk about how you spend your free time.
01
Describe different free-time activities and hobbies.
02
Learn new words and phrases: calligraphy, ski, program, express, ice skating, instructor, give up, scared of, fear, get over
03
2. Warming up
How do you spend your free time
How do you spend your free time
cycling
cooking
horse riding
listening to music
reading
dancing
skiing
[ski ]
playing the flute
play 与乐器类名词连用 the 不可省略
hiking
programming
/ pr gr m/
painting
doing calligraphy
[k l ɡr fi]
B
E
F
A
C
D
3.Pre-listening
Match the activities with the pictures.
1a
_____ playing the flute
_____ doing calligraphy
_____ painting
_____ skiing
_____ hiking
_____ programming
A
B
C
D
E
F
C
E
F
A
B
C
D
E
F
C
E
F
— What do you do in your free time Why
— I like... because...
1. Teng Fei likes _________________ after school.
2. Teng Fei also likes __________ at the weekend.
3. Helen loves __________________ in her free time.
4. Chen Jie likes to _________________.
4. While-listening
Listen to three plete the sentences
with the students’ activities.
1b
programming
hiking
painting pictures
play the flute
_____ A. To express feelings.
_____ B. To relax.
_____ C. To get some exercise.
_____ D. To create an app.
4
2
1
Listen again. Match the purposes with the statements from 1b.
1c
3
A: What do you do in your free time
B: I like to ...
A: Why do you do it
B: I do it to ...
5. Post-listening
Talk about your free-time activities with a partner.
1d
ice skating
swimming
What are the challenges of doing these two activities
Share your ideas.
2a
too busy
scared [ske (r)d]
hurt
hard to keep balance
fear[f (r)] of water
□what they are going to do the next day
□what Emma did at the weekend
□what Fu Xing did at the weekend
□challenges of their free-time activities
6.Listening
Listen to a conversation between Fu Xing and Emma.
Tick the things they talk about.
2b
1. Emma went to the sports centre to .
2. Emma didn’t want to again at first.
3. Fu Xing told Emma that no one expected her to from
the start.
4. The instructor encouraged Emma to and told
her not to give up so easily.
5. Fu Xing used to be scared of water, but she started swimming to
her fear.
try ice skating
go ice skating
be perfect
get back up
get over
Listen again and complete the sentences.
2c
A: I love singing and performing now. But I was afraid to sing in
front of others at first.
B: Oh , I didn’t know that. What helped you to get over your fear
A: I practised by performing in front of my friends. That helped
me to get better quickly!
What was it like when you did your favourite free-time activity for the first time Share your experiences.
2d
In this class , students will learn how to program.
这节课学生将学习怎样编程。 (不及物动词)
He taught himself to program a computer.
他自学给计算机编程。 (及物动词)
7.language points
[动词] 编写程序
既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。
(1) program v.编写程序 n.程序 ; ( =programme)节目 ; 项目
（教材P2 1a）
7.language points
(1) program v.编写程序 n.程序 ; ( =programme)节目 ; 项目
（教材P2 1a）
①( 电视、广播等) 节目 常与 on/ about连用
[名词]
This new program helps users edit photos more quickly.
这个新程序能帮助用户更快地编辑照片。
Did you see that program on cooking last night
昨晚你看那个关于烹饪的节目了吗
②(计算机领域的)程序
The fitness program helped him lose 5 kilos in a month.
这个健身方案帮他在一个月内减掉了 5 千克。
③项目 ，方案 ，计划
A teacher started an “A Poem A Day ” program to share Chinese culture with the world.
一位老师启动了“每日一诗 ”计划，旨在与世界分享中国文化 。
program[可数名词]课程
He chose a computer science program.
他选择了一门计算机科学课程。
(2) To express feelings. 为了表达情感。 (教材P2 1a）
express v. 表达 ; 表示
后常接名词、从句等作宾语。
express sth. to sb. 向某人表达某事
express oneself 表达自己的想法/感情
express
You should express yourself in a polite way when you disagree with others.
You can help your parents with housework to express your thanks to them.
Words can’t express how pleased I am.
你可以帮助父母做家务来表达你对他们的感谢。
当你不赞同别人的意见时，你应该用礼貌的方式
表达自己(的观点) 。
言语无法表达我是多么开心。
My book arrived by express.
我的书是通过快递寄来的。
(1)express[名词]快递服务
拓展
Paper-cuts are popular because of their expressions of good luck and wishes.
剪纸作品很受欢迎，因为它们表达了好运和祝福。
(2)expression [名词]表示；表达
scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌的
be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物
be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
be scared + (that)从句 害怕……
7.Language points
(3)Fu Xing used to be scared of water , but she started swimming to get over her fear. 付兴过去害怕水 ,但她开始游泳来克服恐惧。(教材 P3 2c)
7.Language points
He’s scared of heights. 他有恐高症。
Don’t be scared of asking for help. 不要害怕开口求人。
The little boy is scared to cross the street. 这个小男孩害怕过马路。
I’m scared I’ll fail the exam. 我怕自己考试会不及格。
scare v.& n. 害怕；恐惧 scared adj. 害怕的 用于形容人的感受
scary adj. 吓人的 用于描述事物的特征
7.Language points
还可意为“从（疾病、惊讶等）中恢复 ”。
get over 中 over为介词，因此宾语无论是名词还是代词，均应放在 over之后。
She realized that being afraid to speak in front of others was a bad habit, so she got over it. 她认识到不敢在他人面前讲话是不好的习惯，所以她克服了它。
Don’t worry. You’ll get over the flu soon.
别担心，你的流感很快就会好的。
get over克服 (困难)；解决 (问题)
(2)[及物动词]害怕；惧怕
(1)[名词]害怕；惧怕
I looked at the mouse in fear. 我恐惧地看着那只老鼠。
Children usually fear to go out alone at night.
孩子们晚上通常不敢单独外出。
He fears that he may lose his job, so he works hard every day. 他害怕失去工作，所以每天都努力工作。
in fear害怕地；担心地
without fear无惧地
后接名词、代词、动词不定式、v-ing形式或从句作宾语。
fear n. & v.害怕；担忧
8. Exercises
_______________ n. 书法
_______________ v. 滑雪
_______________ v. 编写程序 n. 程序
_______________ v. 表达;表示
calligraphy
ski
program
express
9. Summary
Words and phrases
calligraphy, ski, program, express
Sentences
A: What do you do in your free time
B: I like to ...
A: Why do you do it
B: I do it to ...
Unit 1 Time to Relax
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Section A 3a- 3d
1.Learning goals
Learn new words and phrases: up to, poem, single, stroke,ink, return, in return, deal, manage
01
Use infinitives to show purpose or provide more information about a sentence’s object.
02
Explore why people need time to relax.
03
2.Lead in
Do you feel free What do you do in your free time
3.Pre-reading
4.While-reading
What are they doing
calligraphy
Peter: Hey, Yaming! What are you up to
Yaming: Hi, Peter. I’m doing calligraphy.
Peter: It’s beautiful! What are you writing
Yaming: It’s a poem[ p m] by Li Bai. My grandmother taught me how to write it.
Peter: What’s this character
Yaming: It’s yue. It means “moon”.
Read the conversation. Circle Peter’s and Yaming’s free-time activities.
3a
Peter: It’s nice! I like watching you write like that. But it looks
difficult.
Yaming: Well, the first step is always the hardest. When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising single[ s ɡl] strokes[str k].
Peter: I know how that feels! My dad’s teaching me to play the guitar. It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up.
Read the conversation. Circle Peter’s and Yaming’s free-time activities.
3a
Yaming: Exactly. Now I do calligraphy to relax. I even like how the ink smells! Why did you choose to play the guitar
Peter: I think playing the guitar is cool. Will you teach me to write a poem I can teach you to play a song in return[r t n].
Yaming: It’s a deal[di l]!
Read the conversation. Circle Peter’s and Yaming’s free-time activities.
3a
1. What words does Peter use to describe Yaming’s work
Read again and answer the questions.
3b
Peter uses the words “beautiful” and “nice” to describe Yaming’s work.
2. What does Yaming like about his hobby
It helps him relax, and he enjoys the smell of ink.
3. What are the similarities between Yaming’s and Peter’s hobbies
4. What do you think “The first step is always the hardest” means
Read again and answer the questions.
3b
Both hobbies need practice and patience. Both need the help of someone else.
It means starting something new is always challenging, but it gets easier with practice.
5. How do you usually feel when you manage[ m n d ] to do something difficult Give an example.
Read again and answer the questions.
3b
When I manage to do a difficult thing, I feel proud and happy. For example, I once spent weeks learning to ride a bike. At first, I kept falling, but finally I could ride smoothly. I felt happy and
confident.
Listen to the conversation. Then role-play it.
3c
5.Post-reading
It makes me feel happy to ...
It helps me to ...
It’s a great way to ...
When I started to ..., I ...
Discuss the reasons why you do your hobbies.
You can use the expressions to help you.
3d
e.g.
I like playing basketball because it’s not only a great way to exercise but also helps me to build strong friendships. I enjoy the feeling of teamwork when we play together. It lets me forget all my worries and have a great time.
The kids are being very quiet—what do you think they’re up to
孩子们异常安静，你觉得他们在捣什么鬼
(1) What are you up to 你在做什么呢 (教材 P4 3a )
(1)常用于口语中，表示“正在做”，相当于doing。
—Shall we eat out or stay in 咱们是到外面吃饭还是待在家里
—It’s up to you. 你决定吧。
(2)由某人决定
up to 正在做；由某人决定
6. Language points
The temperature went up to 35℃. 气温上升到了35摄氏度。
I’m a blue whale. I may eat up to 3.6 million krill per day!
我是一头蓝鲸。我每天最多可以吃360万只磷虾!
up to的其他用法：
(1)达到(某数量、程度等) ；至多有
The store is open up to 9 p.m. on weekends. 这家店周末营业到晚上9点。
(2)直到
(2) It’s a poem by Li Bai. 是李白的一首诗。(教材 P4 3a)
poem n.诗
poet n.诗人
poetry n.诗歌；诗集
poem / p m/ n. 诗
可数名词
不可数名词
表示单篇作品
指诗的总称或诗歌这一文学形式
poem
poetry
(3) When I started to do calligraphy, I spent hours practising
single strokes. 我刚开始练书法时，花了好几个小时练习单个的笔画。(教材 P4 3a)
spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事
动词 常用结构
spend
take
cost
pay
Sb. spends time/money on sth. 某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱。
Sb. spends time/money doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事。
It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多长时间。
Sth. costs sb. money. 某物花费某人多少钱。
Sb. pays money for sth. 某人为某物支付多少钱。
Are you married or single 你已婚还是单身
The apartments are suitable for single people.
这些公寓适合单身人士居住。
I couldn’t understand a single word she said! 她讲的话我一个字都听不懂!
(1)单个的 用于名词前作定语。
(2)单身的，未婚的 可作定语或表语。
single / s ɡl/ adj. 单个的；单身的
单人的
单程的
single作形容词时的其他含义：
Lucy booked a single room in that hotel.
露西在那个酒店预订了一个单人间。
How much is the single ticket to Beijing
去北京的单程票多少钱
We should never give up in the face of difficulties.面对困难，我们应该永不放弃。
Stick to your dream. Don’t give it up.坚持你的梦想，不要放弃。
可单独使用，也可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。宾语为人称代词时，人称代词要放在 give与 up 之间。
(4) It’s difficult, but he always encourages me not to give up.
(弹吉他) 很难，但他总是鼓励我不要放弃。(教材 P4 3a )
give up 放弃
cheer up put up
dress up set up
get up show up
grow up stay up
look up wake up
pick up take up
“动词 +up”构成的其他常见短语：
(使)振作起来
穿上盛装
起床
长大
查阅；向上看
拿起；(开车)接人
建造；张贴
建起；设立
出现；露面
熬夜
叫醒；醒来
占据；开始做
(5) I can teach you to play a song in return. 作为回报，我可以教你弹首歌。 (教材P4 3a)
We’re all looking forward to your return! 我们都盼着你回来!
Can I buy you lunch in return for your help 感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗
(1)[名词]回来；归还 通常用单数形式。
in return (for sth. ) 作为(对……的) 回报
return /r t n/ n. & v.回来；归还
I’m going to return this book to Tom. = I’m going to give this book back to Tom. 我要把这本书还给汤姆。
The Mengzhou spacecraft returns to Earth with the moon samples. “梦舟”载人飞船携带月球样本返回地球。
After finishing visiting the museum, they returned home by subway. 参观完博物馆后，他们乘地铁回家了。
(2)[不及物动词] 回来；返回 相当于 go/come back。
(3)[及物动词]归还
return sth. to sb. =give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人
The two companies made a deal. 这两家公司达成了协议。
—I’ll cook if you wash the dishes. 如果你洗碗，我会做饭。
—It’s a deal! 那就这么定了!
(6) It’s a deal! 说定了! (教材 P4 3a)
deal /di l/ n. 交易；协议 v.对付
(1)[名词]交易；协议
make a deal (with sb. ) (和某人)达成协议
(2)[动词] 对付 过去式和过去分词均为dealt。
deal with意为“应付；处理；解决”，与 do with 同义。
AI can make personal learning plans to help deal with children’s difficulties. AI可以制订个性化学习计划，帮助解决孩子们的困难。
China grows a great deal of cotton, mostly in the western areas. 中国种植了大量的棉花，主要集中在西部地区。
[名词]大量；许多
a good/great deal of“大量；很多”，常用于修饰不可数名词。
I finally managed to push the huge box away.
我终于把这个巨大的箱子推走了。
(7) How do you usually feel when you manage to do something difficult 当你完成一件难事时，通常会有什么感受 (教材 P4 3b)
manage / m n d / v. 完成(困难的事)；管理
(1)完成(困难的事)
manage to do sth.
try to do sth.
manage to do sth.与try to do sth.
“设法做成某事”，强调通过努力达到了目的，结果是成功的。
“尽力做某事”，强调过程，结果不一定是成功的。
With much difficulty, they managed to get back the kite. 费了很大劲，他们成功把风筝拿回来了。
I tried to solve the math problem, but I failed.我尽力解答这道数学题，但我失败了。
(2)管理；负责(公司、队伍、组织等)
manage v.
管理
manager n.
管理者
management n.
管理；经营
Sentences
Words and phrases
7.Summary
It makes me feel happy to ...
It helps me to ...
It’s a great way to ...
When I started to ..., I ...
up to, poem, single, stroke, give up, ink, return, in return,
deal, manage
Unit 1 Time to Relax
初中英语人教版八年级下册
Section A 4a- 4c
1. Learning goals
Learn new words and phrases: get into, give it a go, kung fu, push, once in a while, chat, outing, go on a outing.
01
Use infinitives to show purpose or provide more information about a sentence’s object.
02
2.Warming up
How did you spend your weekend
I went to the gym to swim.
I watched a film to relax.
What is the function of the infinitive in bold
2.Warming up
What are you going to do next weekend
I plan to have a picnic at the park.
I decide to clean my room.
What is the function of the infinitive in bold
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。动词不定式可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。本单元重点讲动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补足语。
3. Grammar
动词不定式作目的状语
2.动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时可放在句首，一一般用逗号与后面的内容隔开，也可放在句尾。
1.动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时，通常意为“为了……”，用于说明动作的目的或意图。
动词不定式作目的状语
To get there on time, they started early. =They started early to get there on time.
为了准时赶到那儿，他们很早就出发了。
【特别提醒】
表示目的也可用in order to和so as to，但so as to通常不位于句首。
He reads every day in order to/so as to improve writing skills.
为了提高写作技能，他每天阅读。
典例1 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
The children did a lot of research in the lab
(finish) the science project.
to finish
动词不定式作宾语补足语
用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于某些动词之后，构成“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。
1. 用于“命令、要求、允许 ”类动词后，如 ask、tell、order、require、 allow、permit。
Sam asked me to help him. 萨姆让我帮助他。
The teacher always tells us not to swim in the river. 老师总是叮嘱我们不要在河里游泳。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
2. 用于“ 希望、期望 ”类动词后，
如：want、wish、expect、would like。
Parents want their children to grow up healthily.
父母希望孩子健康成长。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
3. 用于使役动词（如 make、have、let等）和感官动词（ 如 see、watch、 notice、hear、listen to、feel等）后时，动词不定式通常省略 to。
Did you notice her leave the house
你注意到她离开屋子了吗
I saw her get into the car.
我看见她上了车。
His parents let him sweep the floor.
他父母让他扫地。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
【特别提醒】
动词不定式（短语）在 help 后作宾语补足语时，可带 to也可不带to。
The teachers often help us (to) solve problems.
老师经常帮助我们解决难题。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
4. 用于其他动词后，如 teach、warn、invite、encourage等。
典例2 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us (laugh) .
laugh
Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold
functions as an object complement or adverbial.
4a
What do you do in your free time
How did you spend your weekend
How did you get into painting
What did your instructor say
adverbial
adverbial
object complement
I play the flute to relax.
I went to the sports centre to ice- skate.
I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go.
She told me not to give up so easily.
object complement
Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4b
1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me (decide) to try skiing.
B: You’re welcome. Try ( forget) your fears and have fun!
2. A: My cousin often asks me (fly) kites with her when it’s windy.
B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you (fly) kites
sometime.
decide
to forget
to fly
fly
3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies (relax) .
B: Really when I want ( relax) , I watch animal videos.
4. A: My parents told me ( not push) myself too hard.
B: Yes, it’s important ( not forget) to relax once in a while.
to relax
to relax
not to push
not to forget
Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors
4c
My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends _______ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided ________
after that. He doesn’t like sport very much! Instead, he likes _______ at home and ______ movies, _______to music, and chat with friends online.
(not) come do listen play spend stay watch
to play
not to come
to stay
watch
listen
Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us __________ more time together as a family. So, now they let us _____ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together!
do
to spend
(not) come do listen play spend stay watch
1. —What should I do, doctor
— ________ healthy, you should take more exercise.
A. To keep B. Keeps C. Keeping D. Kept
解析：考查to do不定式作目的状语。此处是说为了保持健康，你应该多做运动，故选A。
A
4. Exercises
2. My mother expected me ________ a key school after graduation from the junior school.
A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered
解析：考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。expect sb. to do sth.意为“期待某人做某事”，故选A。
A
3. My parents advised me ________ part in a volunteering activity to help others in need.
A. take B. to take C. took D. taking
解析：考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。故选B。
B
4. You should do what you can ________ your reading speed.
A. increase B. increasing C. to increase D. increase
解析：考查to do不定式作目的状语。此处是说尽自己所能的目的是为了提高阅读速度。故选C。
C
5. language points
get into 开始做某事；进入
It’s never too late to get into a new sport. 开始一项新的运动 永远不嫌晚。
My brother got into Chinese chess last year. 我哥哥去年开始对中国象棋产生兴趣。
It’s hard to get into a crowded subway during rush hour. 高峰时段很难挤进拥挤的地铁。
(1) How did you get into painting 你是怎么开始画画的
(教材P5 4a)
get into 还可表示“处于(某种情形)；养成(某种习惯) ”。
Nobody wants to get into trouble. 没有人想惹上麻烦。
He got into the habit of reading before going to bed. 他养成了睡前读书的习惯。
此处go作名词，意为“尝试，一番努力”，复数形式为 goes。
He was hesitant at first , but he decided to give it a go. 他一开始犹豫，但还是决定试一试。
It took three goes to get it right. 试了三次才把它弄好。
I’m not sure it will work but it’s worth a go. 我不知道这是否可行，但是值得一试。
(2) I decided to give it a go. 我决定试一试。(教材 P5 4a)
give it a go 试一试某事
②Try to forget your fears and have fun! 尽量忘记你的恐 惧，玩得开心！（教材 P5 4b）
(3) ①It made me decide to try skiing. 它让我决定尝试
滑雪。（教材P5 4b）
try doing sth. 试着做某事
try to do sth. 尽力做某事
try doing sth.
try to do sth.
尝试做某事
表示尝试，并没有明确的目的性。
努力做某事，尽力做某事
侧重为达到目的而努力。
辨 try doing sth.与try to do sth.
(1)督促，鞭策
push oneself too hard 把自己逼得太紧
push sb. to do sth.督促/鞭策某人做某事
(4) My parents told me not to push myself too hard. 我父母告诉我不要逼我自己太狠。(教材 P5 4b)
push v. 督促；推
Just relax. Don’t push yourself so hard.
放轻松，别把自己逼得太紧。
A healthy competitive spirit can push people to try to be better.
健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。
[及物动词]按下(按钮、开关等)，同义词是 press。
I got in and pushed the button for the fourth floor.
我进去后按了去四楼的按钮。
(2)推 反义词是pull“拉”。
You push and I pull. 你推我拉。
常用来表示频度，其前可加 every，相当于now and then、at times。
He usually cooks at home, but once in a while he orders takeout. 他通常在家做饭，但偶尔也会点外卖。
(5) Yes, it’s important not to forget to relax once in a while.
对，重要的是不要忘记偶尔放松一下。(教材 P5 4b)
once in a while 偶尔；间或
(1)[不及物动词]过去式和过去分词为chatted，现在分词为chatting。
chat with sb. 与某人闲聊
chat about sb./sth. 聊起某人/某事
He doesn’t know how to chat with others.
他不知道如何和别人聊天。
They often chat about their hobbies. 他们经常聊他们的爱好。
chat v. & n. 闲聊
(6)Instead, ... chat with friends online. 相反……在网上和朋友闲聊。 (教材 P5 4c)
(6)Instead, ... chat with friends online. 相反……在网上和朋友闲聊。 (教材 P5 4c)
(2) [可数名词]have a chat with sb. = chat with sb. 与某人聊天
It is fun having a chat with you (=chatting with you). 跟你聊天很有趣。
6. Summary
动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补语
表示目的或意图，通常意为“为了……”，可位于句首，也可位于句尾
作目的状语
作宾语补足语
用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态
用于“命令、要求、允许”类动词后
用于“希望、期望”类动词后
用于使役动词和感官动词后
7. Homework
Write a passage about your free time activities.
Thank you!

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