资源简介

(共19张PPT)
Unit 1 Time to Relax
(新人教)英语
八年级下册
Grammar Focus (4a-4c)
Learning Objectives
准确识别句子中动词不定式作宾语补足语、状语等的语法功能，理解动词不定式不同形式（原形、to do、not to do）的使用规则；
根据语境正确运用动词不定式的不同形式完成对话补全和语篇填空任务，做到语法形式与语义表达的匹配；
结合自身实际规划休闲活动，用英语阐述选择依据与应对挑战的策略，能从休闲活动体验中提炼感悟并进行英语表达。
通过本课时学习，我能够：
IMG_3839
Review
中文 英文 中文 英文
吹长笛 起初, 开始
练习书法 期望某人做某事
在某人空闲时间 告诉某人(不要)做...
表达感受 害怕...
做一个调查 克服(困难)；解决(问题)
业余活动 作为回报
尽管问, 随便问 教某人做某事
开始做某事;进入 正在做; 由...决定
试一试某事 一言为定！
play the flute
do calligraphy
in one’s free/ spare time
express feelings
do a survey
free-time activities
ask away
get into
give it a go
expect sb. to do sth.
tell sb. (not) to do sth.
be scared of sth./sb.
at first
get over
in return
teach sb. to do sth.
up to
It's a deal!
如果你想解决这个问题，一个面对面的谈话效果最佳。If you want to solve the problem, a face-to-face talk usually works the best.
如果你不注意你的用语，发送短信会让事情变糟。Texting can make things worse if you are not careful with your words.
如果排练在晚上 7 点结束，我将会在 7 点 15 分来接你。If the rehearsal ends at 7:00 p.m., I will pick you up at 7:15 p.m.
如果
Review
Helen paints pictures ____________ her feelings.
to express
Chen Jie plays the flute __________.
to relax
Let’s talk about their free-time activities.
Peter’s dad teaches him ________ the guitar and encourages him not _____________.
Emma’s instructor encouraged her ______________ .
She told her not ___________ so easily.
to get back up
to give up
to play
to give up
Emma didn't expect _______ so many times, so she didn’t want _______ ice skating again.
to fall
to go
Fu Xing started swimming ___________ her fear.
to get over
如果你想解决这个问题，一个面对面的谈话效果最佳。If you want to solve the problem, a face-to-face talk usually works the best.
如果你不注意你的用语，发送短信会让事情变糟。Texting can make things worse if you are not careful with your words.
如果排练在晚上 7 点结束，我将会在 7 点 15 分来接你。If the rehearsal ends at 7:00 p.m., I will pick you up at 7:15 p.m.
如果
Read and find
Helen paints pictures ____________ her feelings.
to express
Chen Jie plays the flute __________.
to relax
Read and find the common points.
Peter’s dad teaches him ________ the guitar and encourages him not _____________.
Helen’s instructor encouraged her ______________ .
She told her not ___________ so easily.
to get back up
to give up
to play
to give up
Helen didn't expect _______ so many times, so she didn’t want _______ ice skating again.
to fall
to go
Fu Xing started swimming ___________ her fear.
to get over
infinitive
(动词不定式)
做状语, 表目的
做宾语, 表具体事
做宾补, 对宾语补充说明
V. + sb./sth.+ to do sth.
V.+ to do sth.
IMG_3839
Read and think
4a
Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an objective complement or adverbial.
What do you do in your free time I play the flute to relax.
How did you spend your weekend I went to the sports centre to ice-skate.
How did you get into painting I saw my mother paint. I decide to give it a go.
What did your instructor say She told me not to give up so easily.
做目的状语
做目的状语
做宾补
做宾补
infinitive
(动词不定式)
1. 肯定结构：to+动词原形；没有人称和数的变化
2. 否定结构：not+ to+ 动词原形
3. 是一种非谓语形式，在句子中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、表语等
V.+ sb./sth. + to do sth.
Let’s learn
动词不定式做目的状语
动词不定式（to do，否定式 not to do ）作目的状语，用于说明动作的目的，即“做某事是为了做另一件事”。
① 常用结构：主句 + to do sth.（不定式放句末，无逗号）
I got up early this morning to catch the bus.
② 强调结构：To do sth., 主句（不定式放句首，后加逗号）
To relax, Chen Jie plays the flute in her free time.
She plays the flute to relax.
She started swimming to get over her fear.
To get good grades, he studies hard.
Let’s learn
动词不定式做宾补
Her instructor told her not to give up so easily.
My teacher asked me to read more books.
My dad encourages me not to give up playing the guitar.
结构：V.+ sb./sth. + to do sth.
用来补充说明宾语所做的动作，常用的动词有：
tell, ask, want, teach, promise, wish, invite, allow, encourage, want/would like, expect, advise,等
My mother asks me to clean my room.
eg. 我妈妈要求我打扫房间。
Let’s learn
不带to的不定式做宾补
结构：V.+ sb./sth. + do sth.
在表示感官及使役等意义的动词后，要用不带to的不定式作补语。常见的此类动词有：一感（feel）、二听（hear，listen）、三让（let，make，have）、四看（look，see，notice， watch）。help后用带to或不带to的不定式均可。
I saw her get on the bus.
eg. 我看见她上了公交车。
She saw her mother paint.
I heard him sing in the classroom.
This movie made me feel happy.
Let’s learn
不定式做宾语
结构：V.+ to do sth.
接在表示“计划、决定、想要”等动词后，作该动词的宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：想要 拒绝 忘记 (want, refuse, forget)
需要 努力 学习 (need, try, learn)
选择 同意 帮助 (choose, agree, help)
希望 决定 开始 (hope/wish/expect, decide, begin/start)
She likes to play the flute.
She likes to swim.
She likes to try ice skating.
She decided to give it a go.
Summary
动词不定式
形式：to do（to有时省略） 否定：not to do
没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语
概述
用法
作宾语
作宾补
作目的状语
作主语
to 的省略
疑问词+不定式
常用 it 作形式主语
want/ would like/ forget/ need/ choose…+to do
ask, tell, want, teach, wish, help…
可放句首，一般用逗号隔开，也可放句尾
感官动词 + 使役动词
It is +adj. for/ of sb. to do sth.
it 作形式宾语
sb. + feel/find/make/think/believe + it + adj. + to do sth.
Practice
Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4b
1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me________(decide)to try skiing.
B: You’re welcome. Try_________(forget) your fears and have fun!
2. A: My cousin often asks me________(fly) kites with her when it’s windy.
B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you_________(fly) kites sometime.
3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies___________(relax).
B: Really When I want__________(relax), I watch animal videos.
4. A: My parents told me____________(not push) myself too hard.
B: Yes, it’s important___________(not forget) to relax once in a while.
做宾补
decide
做宾语
to forget
做宾补
to fly
做宾补
fly
做目的状语
to relax
做宾语
to relax
做宾补
not to push
做真正主语
not to forget
make sb. do sth.
try to do sth.
ask sb. to do sth.
watch sb. do sth.
want to do sth.
tell sb. not to do sth.
It is+adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.
把自己逼太紧
push sb. to do sth. 督促/鞭策某人做...
偶尔，间或
Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors
4c
Practice
My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends_______football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided___________after that. He doesn’t like sport very much! Instead, he likes_______at home and_______movies, ________to music, and chat with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us_________more time together as a family. So, now they let us____our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together!
(not) come do listen play spend watch stay
做目的状语
to play
decide (not)to do sth.
做宾语
not to come
like to do sth.
做宾语
to stay
watch
listen
做宾补
to spend
let sb. do sth.
做宾补
do
want sb. to do sth.
chat with sb.与某人聊天
=have a chat with sb.
家庭出外游玩
plete the sentences according to the conversations.
shyer better more harder louder longer taller
(1) Chen Jie plays the Chinese flute _ better .
(2) Peteris more outgoing.
(3) Chen Jie is shyer .
(4) Chen Jie works harder

(5) Emma is taller and she sings louder
(6) Ella has longer hair than Emma. She dances better
.
Ella's hair is longer than Emma's.
Group work
Work in group of 4 and show your group free-time activity.
Useful expressions
Read to Lead Your Mind!
It helps you to relax.
It’s a great way to make friends.
You can do it to learn a new skill.
I encourage you to start with 10 minutes a day.
Ask a friend to join you.
I saw my cousin play basketball. So I decided to give it a go.
Your report should include the following aspects:
1.An atrractive Title & Slogan:
2.Three Reasons “Why” (Purpose):
Explain 3 benefits using to do.
3.Two Pieces of Advice (Suggestion):
Give 2 tips for beginners
using encourage/remind/ask you to do.
4.A Short Personal Story :
Share how you started.
Thinking
Every "to do" action is striving for what you love.
每一个“to do”的行动，都是在为自己的热爱努力。
Never give up easily,
let your hobbies become the power to make yourself better!
别轻易放弃，让爱好成为让自己变优秀的力量吧！
Exercise
用所给词的适当形式填空。
I like ______ (read) every day because it helps me ________ (learn) new things.
She encourages me ________ (start) with 10 minutes a day.
Do you hear birds ________ (sing) every morning
They ask me ________ (join) their basketball team.
It’s a great way ________ (make) friends and ________ (relax).
I decided ________ (give) it a go after I saw my cousin play.
We remind you __________ (practice) every day if you want _________ (improve).
It is best ___________ (not agree) with others without further thinking.
She feels it easy ___________ (finish) the homework.
I encourage everyone ________ (try) something new ________ (have) fun!
to read
to learn
to start
sing
to join
to make
to relax
to give
to practice
to improve
not to agree
to finish
to try
to have
Exercise
句子翻译。
1. 我哥哥告诉我不要放弃这个计划。
My brother told me not to give up this plan.
2. 她去公园放松她自己。
She went to the park to relax herself.
3. 我妈妈让我去买一些水果。
My mum asked me to buy some fruits.
4. 我想要观看一部有趣的电影。
I want to watch an interesting movie.
5. 我父母催促我考试前更努力学习。
My parents push me to study harder before the exam.
Homework
Must do：
Choose to do：
1. Review and understand the grammar:
Infinitives as adverbials and object complements.
2. Write 5 sentences with “verb + to do” structure to talk about your hobbies.
Interview your family member about their hobbies and take notes with infinitives (at least 2 notes).
THANK YOU

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