资源简介

(共46张PPT)
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
八年级
人教2026春
下
单词解析 一
1.wonder(名词)奇观，惊叹；(动词)琢磨，想知道，感到诧异
[用法讲解] wonder作可数名词时，译为"奇观，奇迹，奇事"，作不可数名词时，译为"惊讶，惊奇";wonder作动词时常用来引导宾语从句。
Eg: The Great Wall is a wonder of China.
长城是中国的一大奇迹。
I wonder where he has gone.
我想知道他去哪儿了。
[常见搭配]wonder about sth.对某事感到疑惑
wonder at sth.对某事感到惊讶
It is a wonder that ...对某事感到非常令人惊讶或不可思议
no wonder难怪
wonders of the world世界奇观
Eg: He often wonders about the meaning of life.
他经常思索生命的意义。
We all wondered at her sudden recovery.
我们都对她的突然康复感到惊奇。
It is a wonder that he managed to finish the race in such bad weather.
在这么糟糕的天气里设法完成比赛真令人惊讶。
No wonder she's upset, considering what happened.
考虑到所发生的事情，难怪她会感到沮丧。
[派生词]wonderful为形容词，译为"精彩的，令人惊奇的"
wonderfully为副词，译为"非常好地，精彩地"
Eg: We had a wonderful time last night.
我们昨晚过得非常愉快。
The hotel is wonderfully comfortable.
这家旅馆非常舒适。
[即学即用]
1.The pyramids inEgypt are ancient w__________.
2.She performed_____________(wonder) in the concert.
onders
wonderfully
2.measurement(名词)数量，测量
[用法讲解]measurement为可数名词，也可译为"尺寸，度量，计量单位"，其复数形式为
measurements.
Eg: Accurate measurement of ingredients is crucial in baking.
烘焙中，食材的精确测量至关重要。
The tailor took my measurements for a custom suit.
裁缝为定制西装量了我的尺寸。
The metric system is a widely used system of measurement.
公制是一种广泛使用的度量制。
[常见搭配]unit of measurement计量单位
take measurements量尺寸
Eg: The meter is a unit of measurement for length.
米是长度的计量单位。
The carpenter took measurements before making the furniture.
木匠在制作家具前先量了尺寸。
[派生词] measure为动词，译为"测量"；也可为名词，译为"措施，尺度";
measurable为形容词，译为"可测量的，明显的".
Eg: We should take measures to protect the environment.
我们应该采取措施保护环境。
There has been a measurable improvement in his health.
他的健康有了明显的改善。
[即学即用]
We need to minimize the error in_____________(measure) to improve the quality of the product.
measurement
3.Square kilometre 平方千米
[用法讲解] square kilometre为可数名词，其复数形式为square kilometres.
Eg: The city covers an area of 500 square kilometres.
这个城市的面积为500平方公里。
[知识拓展]square作形容词，也可译为"方正的，正直的";square也可为可数名词，译为"广场"，其复数形式为squares;square也可为副词，译为"径直地，公平地".
Eg:This is a square room.
这是一个正方形的房间。
Tian'anmen Square
天安门广场
a square deal
公平的交易
He looked me square in the eye.
他看着我的眼睛。
[常见搭配]square meter平方米
square away解决，整顿
square one's shoulders挺起肩膀
Eg: The average price is 3000 RMB/ square meter.
每平米的平均价位是3000元人民币。
He is trying to get all his legal troubles squared away as soon as possible.
他努力把所有法律上的麻烦搞定。
You need to square your shoulders for the subsequent task.
为了接下来的任务，你要做好准备。
[即学即用]
俄罗斯的面积大约为1700万平方公里。
Russia covers an area of about 17 million__________________.
square kilometres
4.below(介词)在...下面，少于，低于
[用法讲解] below还可为副词，译为"在下面";below还可为形容词，译为"下面的".
Eg: The book is placed below the desk.
书放在桌子下面。
The village lies below the mountain.
村庄位于山下。
The below information is very important.
以下信息非常重要。
[常见搭配]below zero零度以下
below average低于平均水平
below the surface在表面之下，表面下的
Eg: The temperature is below zero today.
今天温度在零度以下。
His performance this time is below average.
他这次的表现低于平均水平。
There are many mysteries belowthe surface of the ocean.
海洋表面之下有许多奥秘。
[易混辨析] below与under区别：
below侧重于表示位置在垂直方向的下方，不一定有直接接触；
under更强调在某物的正下方，通常有直接接触或覆盖的关系。
Eg: The plane is flying below the clouds.
飞机在云层下方飞行。
The cat is under the table.
猫在桌子下面。
[即学即用]
Thetemperature is two degrees b________zero.
elow
5.level(名词)高度，水平，程度
[用法讲解]level为可数名词，其复数形式为levels;level还可为动词，译为"使平坦，使同等";level还可为形容词，译为"平的，水平的，登高的";level还可为副词，译为"平地地，同等地".
Eg: The noise level in the classroom is too high.
教室里的噪音水平太高了。
The workers are leveling the ground.
工人们正在平整地面。
The table is level.
桌子是平的。
The ball rolled level along the ground.
球沿着地面平地滚动。
[常见搭配]on the same level在同一水平上，同等地位
level off(使)平稳
level with sb.对某人讲实话，坦诚相待
Eg: They are on the same level in terms of experience.
就经验而言，他们在同一水平上。
The plane leveled off after climbing a certain height.
飞机爬升到一定高度后趋于平稳飞行。
Level with me, did you really make that mistake.
跟我说实话，你真的是犯了那个错误吗
[派生词]leveler为名词，译为"使平等的人，校平器";
level-headed为形容词，译为"头脑冷静的".
Eg: The tax system acts as a leveler in society.
税收制度在社会中起到一种平衡作用。
She is level- headed leader who can handle crises effectively.
她是一位冷静的领导者，能够有效地应对危机。
[即学即用]
The water__________(水平线)in the lake is rising.
level
6.surface(名词)表面，表层
[用法讲解]surface为可数名词，其复数形式为surfaces，还可译为"外观，外貌，水面"; surface还可为动词，译为"浮出水面，显露，暴露".
Eg: The surface of the desk is very smooth.
桌子的表面很光滑。
The surface appearance can deceiving.
外观可能是具有欺骗性的。
The ducks are swimming on the surface of the lake.
鸭子们在湖面上游泳。
The submarine surfaced after two hours underwater.
潜水艇在水下两小时后浮出水面。
The truth finally surfaced.
真相最终显露出来了。
[常见搭配]on the surface (of)表面上，外表上
scratch the surface浅尝辄止，只触及表面
come to the surface 浮出水面，显露出来
Eg: On the surface, he seems friendly, but actually he's quite selfish.
表面上他看起来很友好，但实际上他很自私。
We've only scratched the surface of this subject.
我们只是触及了这个主题的表面。
The hidden problems have come to the surface.
隐藏的问题已经显露出来了。
[即学即用]
笔记本电脑的表面贴着彩色的贴纸。
There are colourful stickers_____________of the laptop.
on the surface
7.depth(名词)深(度)，纵深
[用法讲解]depth为不可数名词时，译为"深度";depth为可数名词时，译为"深处，极限",
其复数形式为depths，还可译为"深刻，(感情等的)强烈程度，(时间等的)久远"等。
Eg: The depth of the well is about 50 meters.
这口井的深度大约是50米。
The book explores the depths of human psychology.
这本书深入探究了人类心理的深处。
The depth of his gratitude was beyond words.
他感激之深难以言表。
In the depths of night, everything was quiet.
在深夜，一切都很安静。
[常见搭配]in depth深入地，全面地
out of one's depth超出某人的能力范围，在某方面力不从心
the depths of......的深处，...的极端
Eg:We still discuss this problem in depth next week.
我们下周将深入讨论这个问题。
I felt out of my depth when talking about advanced mathematics.
谈到高等数学时，我感到力不从心。
He was lost in the depths of despair.
他陷入了绝望的深渊。
[派生词] deep为形容词，译为"深的，深刻的";
deeply为副词，译为"深地".
Eg: The river is too deep for me to swim across.
这条河太深了，我游不过去。
She wore a deep red dress to the party.
她穿了一条深红色的裙子去参加聚会。
I am deeply moved by his kindness.
我被他的善良深深打动。
[即学即用]
We need to measure the________(deep) of the river at this point.
depth
8.dive(动词/名词)潜水，跳水，俯冲
[用法讲解] dive还可为可数名词，其复数形式为dives，还可译为"跳水动作".
Eg: He dived into the pool from the diving board.
他从跳板上跳入游泳池。
The plane dived sharply to avoid a collision.
飞机急剧俯冲以避免碰撞。
He dived into his work as soon as he arrived at the office.
他一到办公室就投入工作。
Scuba diving is a popular water sport.
水肺潜水是一项受欢迎的水上运动。
The diver made a perfect dive.
这位跳水运动员完成了一个完美的跳水动作。
[常见搭配]take a dive(价格，数量等)暴跌，突然下降
dive into投入，热衷于
make a dive for冲向，扑向
Eg: The company's shares took a dive after the scandal was revealed.
丑闻曝光后，该公司的股票暴跌。
She dived into her studies with great enthusiasm.
她满怀热情地投入到学习中。
The cat made a dive for the mouse.
猫扑向老鼠。
[派生词]diver为名词，译为"潜水员，跳水运动员".
Eg: The diver explored the underwater world and discovered many new species.
潜水员探索了水下世界，发现了许多新物种。
[即学即用]
The brave boy_________(跳入)from the cliff into the sea.
dived
9.research(动词/名词)研究，调查
[用法讲解]research为可数名词，其复数形式为researches.
Eg:The research shows that regular exercise is good for health.
研究表明，定期锻炼对健康有益。
We need to research the history of this ancient building.
我们需要研究这座古建筑的历史。
[常见搭配]carry out research进行研究
do research on做(关于...的)研究
research into...深入调查，研究
Eg:Theuniversity is carrying out research into new energy sources.
这所大学正在开展新能源方面的研究。
I'm doing research on ancient history.
我正在做古代历史方面的研究。
The police are researching into the causes of the accident.
警察正在对事故原因进行深入调查。
[派生词]researcher为名词，译为"研究者";
Eg:Theresearchers presented their findings at the conference.
研究者在会议上展示了他们的研究成果。
[即学即用]
The scientists are r_____________a new drug that could cure cancer.
esearching
10.vessel(名词)大船，轮船
[用法讲解] vessel为可数名词，其复数形式为 vessels，还可译为"容器，血管"等。
Eg: A large vessel was sailing in the sea.
一艘大船在海上航行。
This vessel is used for holding water.
这个容器是用来装水的。
Blood flows through the vessels in our body.
血液在我们身体的血管中流动。
[常见搭配]blood vessel血管
naval vessel军舰
Eg: Exercise can help improve the function of blood vessels.
运动可以帮助改善血管的功能。
The naval vessels were on patrol in the sea.
军舰在海水巡逻。
[即学即用]
The old fishing_________(大船)has been retired and is now on display at the maritime museum.
vessel
11.unusual(形容词)特别的，不寻常的
[用法讲解]unusual在句中常位于名词前作定语。
Eg: He has an unusual hobby of collecting old coins.
他有一个不寻常的爱好，就是收集古钱币。
[常见搭配] be unusual for sb./ sth. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是不寻常的
Eg: It's unusual for him to be late for school.
他上学迟到是很不寻常的。
[派生词] unusually为副词，译为"不寻常地，异常地";
usual为形容词，译为"寻常的，普通的".
Eg: He was unusually quiet today.
他今天异常安静。
I had my usual breakfast of bread and milk this morning.
今天早上我吃了平常的早餐--面包和牛奶。
[即学即用]
It's __________(usual) for him to be late. He's always very punctual.
unusual
12.bottom(名词)底部，最下部
[用法讲解] bottom为可数名词，其复数形式为 bottoms，还可译为"最低的部分，最差的部分";bottom还可为动词，译为"到达底部/最低点";bottom亦可为形容词，译为"底部的，末端的".
Eg: There's a small hole at the bottom of the box.
盒子的底部有一个小洞。
The stock market bottomed out last week and has been rising since then.
股市上周触底，此后一直上涨。
Please fasten the bottom button of your coat.
请系上你外套最下面的纽扣。
[常见搭配]at the bottom of...在...的底部
from top to bottom从上到下，彻底地
Eg: There is some dirt at the bottom of the bag.
袋子底部有一些灰尘。
She cleaned the room from top to bottom.
她把房间彻底打扫了一遍。
[即学即用]
他把书架上的书从上到下整理了一遍。
He organized the books on the shelf____________________.
from top to bottom
13.waterfall(名词)瀑布
[用法讲解] waterfall为可数名词，其复数形式为waterfalls.
Eg: Niagara Falls is a famous waterfall.
尼加拉瀑布是一个著名的瀑布。
[即学即用]
The _________(瀑布)cascades down the cliff, creating a beautiful sight.
waterfall
14.civilization(名词)文明
[用法讲解]civilization为可数名词，其复数形式为civilizations，还可译为"文明社会".
Eg: The development of civilization has brought many changes to human life.
文明的发展给人类生活带来了许多变化。
We should behave properly in civilization.
我们在文明社会中应该举止得体。
[派生词] civilize为动词，译为"使闻名，使开化";
civilian为名词，译为"平民，百姓";
civilized为形容词，译为"文明的".
Eg: Education can help civilize people.
教育可以帮助使人们变得文明。
Many civilians were injured in the conflict.
许多平民在冲突中受伤。
We should live in a civilized way.
我们应该文明地生活。
[即学即用]
Chinese ____________ (civilize) has a long history and rich cultural heritage.
civilization
15.means(名词)方式，途径
[用法讲解]means为单复同形，还可译为"财富".
Eg:The Internet has become an important means of communication.
互联网已经成为一种重要的沟通方式。
He has the means to support his family comfortable.
他有足够的财富让家人过上舒适的生活。
[常见搭配]means of production生产资料
by means of...通过...方式，借助...手段
by all means务必，一定，当然可以
by no means绝不，一点也不
Eg: The means of production are owned by the workers in this factory.
这家工厂的生产资料归工人所有。
He succeeded by means of hard work.
他通过努力工作取得了成功。
By all means, come and visit us when you are free.
当然可以，你有空的时候一定要来拜访我们。
By no means should you give up easily.
你绝不应该轻易放弃。
[派生词] mean为动词，译为"意味着";
meaning为名词，译为"意义，意思";
meaningful为形容词，译为"有意义的".
Eg: What does this word mean
这个词是什么意思
The meaning of this sentence is no clear.
这个句子的意思不清楚。
We had a meaningful conversation.
我们进行了一次有意义的对话。
[即学即用]
1.We should try all possible_________(mean) to solve this problem.
2.通过努力工作，他实现了成为科学家的梦想。
________________hard work, he achieved hisdream of becoming a scientist.
means
By means of
16.development(名词)发展，壮大
[用法讲解]development为不可数名词，但在表示"发展成果，开发区"等时为可数名词，其复数形式为developments.
Eg: Education is central to a country's economic development.
教育是国家经济发展的核心。
There is a new housing development in the suburbs.
郊区有一个新的住宅开放去区。
[派生词] develop为动词，译为"发展，培养";
developing为形容词，译为"发展中的"
developed为形容词，译为"发达的".
Eg: We need more time to see how things develop before we take action.
我们采取行动以前需要有更多时间观察情况的发展。
China is still a developing country in every sense of this term.
中国是实实在在的发张中国家。
America is a developed country.
美国是一个发达国家。
[即学即用]
The ___________ (develop) of the Internet has changed our lives.
development
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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单词解析一
1.wonder(名词)奇观，惊叹；(动词)琢磨，想知道，感到诧异
[用法讲解] wonder作可数名词时，译为"奇观，奇迹，奇事"，作不可数名词时，译为"惊讶，惊奇";wonder作动词时常用来引导宾语从句。
Eg: The Great Wall is a wonder of China.
长城是中国的一大奇迹。
I wonder where he has gone.
我想知道他去哪儿了。
[常见搭配] wonder about sth. 对某事感到疑惑
wonder at sth. 对某事感到惊讶
It is a wonder that ... 对某事感到非常令人惊讶或不可思议
no wonder 难怪
wonders of the world 世界奇观
Eg: He often wonders about the meaning of life.
他经常思索生命的意义。
We all wondered at her sudden recovery.
我们都对她的突然康复感到惊奇。
It is a wonder that he managed to finish the race in such bad weather.
在这么糟糕的天气里设法完成比赛真令人惊讶。
No wonder she's upset, considering what happened.
考虑到所发生的事情，难怪她会感到沮丧。
[派生词] wonderful为形容词，译为"精彩的，令人惊奇的"
wonderfully为副词，译为"非常好地，精彩地"
Eg: We had a wonderful time last night.
我们昨晚过得非常愉快。
The hotel is wonderfully comfortable.
这家旅馆非常舒适。
[即学即用]
1.The pyramids in Egypt are ancient w__________.
2.She performed_____________(wonder) in the concert.
答案：1.wonders 2. wonderfully
2.measurement(名词)数量，测量
[用法讲解]measurement为可数名词，也可译为"尺寸，度量，计量单位"，其复数形式为
measurements.
Eg: Accurate measurement of ingredients is crucial in baking.
烘焙中，食材的精确测量至关重要。
The tailor took my measurements for a custom suit.
裁缝为定制西装量了我的尺寸。
The metric system is a widely used system of measurement.
公制是一种广泛使用的度量制。
[常见搭配] unit of measurement 计量单位
take measurements 量尺寸
Eg: The meter is a unit of measurement for length.
米是长度的计量单位。
The carpenter took measurements before making the furniture.
木匠在制作家具前先量了尺寸。
[派生词] measure为动词，译为"测量"；也可为名词，译为"措施，尺度";
measurable为形容词，译为"可测量的，明显的".
Eg: We should take measures to protect the environment.
我们应该采取措施保护环境。
There has been a measurable improvement in his health.
他的健康有了明显的改善。
[即学即用]
We need to minimize the error in_____________(measure) to improve the quality of the product.
答案：measurement
3.Square kilometre 平方千米
[用法讲解] square kilometre为可数名词，其复数形式为square kilometres.
Eg: The city covers an area of 500 square kilometres.
这个城市的面积为500平方公里。
[知识拓展] square作形容词，也可译为"方正的，正直的";square也可为可数名词，译为"广场"，其复数形式为squares;square也可为副词，译为"径直地，公平地".
Eg:This is a square room.
这是一个正方形的房间。
Tian'anmen Square
天安门广场
a square deal
公平的交易
He looked me square in the eye.
他看着我的眼睛。
[常见搭配] square meter 平方米
square away 解决，整顿
square one's shoulders 挺起肩膀
Eg: The average price is 3000 RMB/ square meter.
每平米的平均价位是3000元人民币。
He is trying to get all his legal troubles squared away as soon as possible.
他努力把所有法律上的麻烦搞定。
You need to square your shoulders for the subsequent task.
为了接下来的任务，你要做好准备。
[即学即用]
俄罗斯的面积大约为1700万平方公里。
Russia covers an area of about 17 million__________________.
答案：square kilometres
4.below(介词)在...下面，少于，低于
[用法讲解] below还可为副词，译为"在下面";below还可为形容词，译为"下面的".
Eg: The book is placed below the desk.
书放在桌子下面。
The village lies below the mountain.
村庄位于山下。
The below information is very important.
以下信息非常重要。
[常见搭配] below zero 零度以下
below average 低于平均水平
below the surface 在表面之下，表面下的
Eg: The temperature is below zero today.
今天温度在零度以下。
His performance this time is below average.
他这次的表现低于平均水平。
There are many mysteries below the surface of the ocean.
海洋表面之下有许多奥秘。
[易混辨析] below与under区别：
below侧重于表示位置在垂直方向的下方，不一定有直接接触；
under更强调在某物的正下方，通常有直接接触或覆盖的关系。
Eg: The plane is flying below the clouds.
飞机在云层下方飞行。
The cat is under the table.
猫在桌子下面。
[即学即用]
The temperature is two degrees b________zero.
答案：below
5.level(名词)高度，水平，程度
[用法讲解] level为可数名词，其复数形式为levels;level还可为动词，译为"使平坦，使同等";level还可为形容词，译为"平的，水平的，登高的";level还可为副词，译为"平地地，同等地".
Eg: The noise level in the classroom is too high.
教室里的噪音水平太高了。
The workers are leveling the ground.
工人们正在平整地面。
The table is level.
桌子是平的。
The ball rolled level along the ground.
球沿着地面平地滚动。
[常见搭配] on the same level 在同一水平上，同等地位
level off (使)平稳
level with sb. 对某人讲实话，坦诚相待
Eg: They are on the same level in terms of experience.
就经验而言，他们在同一水平上。
The plane leveled off after climbing a certain height.
飞机爬升到一定高度后趋于平稳飞行。
Level with me, did you really make that mistake.
跟我说实话，你真的是犯了那个错误吗
[派生词] leveler为名词，译为"使平等的人，校平器";
level-headed为形容词，译为"头脑冷静的".
Eg: The tax system acts as a leveler in society.
税收制度在社会中起到一种平衡作用。
She is level- headed leader who can handle crises effectively.
她是一位冷静的领导者，能够有效地应对危机。
[即学即用]
The water__________(水平线)in the lake is rising.
答案：level
6.surface(名词)表面，表层
[用法讲解] surface为可数名词，其复数形式为surfaces，还可译为"外观，外貌，水面"; surface还可为动词，译为"浮出水面，显露，暴露".
Eg: The surface of the desk is very smooth.
桌子的表面很光滑。
The surface appearance can deceiving.
外观可能是具有欺骗性的。
The ducks are swimming on the surface of the lake.
鸭子们在湖面上游泳。
The submarine surfaced after two hours underwater.
潜水艇在水下两小时后浮出水面。
The truth finally surfaced.
真相最终显露出来了。
[常见搭配] on the surface (of) 表面上，外表上
scratch the surface 浅尝辄止，只触及表面
come to the surface 浮出水面，显露出来
Eg: On the surface, he seems friendly, but actually he's quite selfish.
表面上他看起来很友好，但实际上他很自私。
We've only scratched the surface of this subject.
我们只是触及了这个主题的表面。
The hidden problems have come to the surface.
隐藏的问题已经显露出来了。
[即学即用]
笔记本电脑的表面贴着彩色的贴纸。
There are colourful stickers_____________of the laptop.
答案：on the surface
7.depth(名词)深(度)，纵深
[用法讲解] depth为不可数名词时，译为"深度";depth为可数名词时，译为"深处，极限",
其复数形式为depths，还可译为"深刻，(感情等的)强烈程度，(时间等的)久远"等。
Eg: The depth of the well is about 50 meters.
这口井的深度大约是50米。
The book explores the depths of human psychology.
这本书深入探究了人类心理的深处。
The depth of his gratitude was beyond words.
他感激之深难以言表。
In the depths of night, everything was quiet.
在深夜，一切都很安静。
[常见搭配] in depth 深入地，全面地
out of one's depth 超出某人的能力范围，在某方面力不从心
the depths of... ...的深处，...的极端
Eg:We still discuss this problem in depth next week.
我们下周将深入讨论这个问题。
I felt out of my depth when talking about advanced mathematics.
谈到高等数学时，我感到力不从心。
He was lost in the depths of despair.
他陷入了绝望的深渊。
[派生词] deep为形容词，译为"深的，深刻的";
deeply为副词，译为"深地".
Eg: The river is too deep for me to swim across.
这条河太深了，我游不过去。
She wore a deep red dress to the party.
她穿了一条深红色的裙子去参加聚会。
I am deeply moved by his kindness.
我被他的善良深深打动。
[即学即用]
We need to measure the________(deep) of the river at this point.
答案：depth
8.dive(动词/名词)潜水，跳水，俯冲
[用法讲解] dive还可为可数名词，其复数形式为dives，还可译为"跳水动作".
Eg: He dived into the pool from the diving board.
他从跳板上跳入游泳池。
The plane dived sharply to avoid a collision.
飞机急剧俯冲以避免碰撞。
He dived into his work as soon as he arrived at the office.
他一到办公室就投入工作。
Scuba diving is a popular water sport.
水肺潜水 是一项受欢迎的水上运动。
The diver made a perfect dive.
这位跳水运动员完成了一个完美的跳水动作。
[常见搭配] take a dive (价格，数量等)暴跌，突然下降
dive into 投入，热衷于
make a dive for 冲向，扑向
Eg: The company's shares took a dive after the scandal was revealed.
丑闻曝光后，该公司的股票暴跌。
She dived into her studies with great enthusiasm.
她满怀热情地投入到学习中。
The cat made a dive for the mouse.
猫扑向老鼠。
[派生词]diver为名词，译为"潜水员，跳水运动员".
Eg: The diver explored the underwater world and discovered many new species.
潜水员探索了水下世界，发现了许多新物种。
[即学即用]
The brave boy_________(跳入)from the cliff into the sea.
答案：dived
9.research(动词/名词)研究，调查
[用法讲解] research为可数名词，其复数形式为researches.
Eg:The research shows that regular exercise is good for health.
研究表明，定期锻炼对健康有益。
We need to research the history of this ancient building.
我们需要研究这座古建筑的历史。
[常见搭配] carry out research 进行研究
do research on 做(关于...的)研究
research into... 深入调查，研究
Eg: The university is carrying out research into new energy sources.
这所大学正在开展新能源方面的研究。
I'm doing research on ancient history.
我正在做古代历史方面的研究。
The police are researching into the causes of the accident.
警察正在对事故原因进行深入调查。
[派生词] researcher为名词，译为"研究者";
Eg: The researchers presented their findings at the conference.
研究者在会议上展示了他们的研究成果。
[即学即用]
The scientists are r_____________a new drug that could cure cancer.
答案：researching
10.vessel(名词)大船，轮船
[用法讲解] vessel为可数名词，其复数形式为 vessels，还可译为"容器，血管"等。
Eg: A large vessel was sailing in the sea.
一艘大船在海上航行。
This vessel is used for holding water.
这个容器是用来装水的。
Blood flows through the vessels in our body.
血液在我们身体的血管中流动。
[常见搭配] blood vessel 血管
naval vessel 军舰
Eg: Exercise can help improve the function of blood vessels.
运动可以帮助改善血管的功能。
The naval vessels were on patrol in the sea.
军舰在海水巡逻。
[即学即用]
The old fishing_________(大船)has been retired and is now on display at the maritime museum.
答案：vessel
11.unusual(形容词)特别的，不寻常的
[用法讲解] unusual在句中常位于名词前作定语。
Eg: He has an unusual hobby of collecting old coins.
他有一个不寻常的爱好，就是收集古钱币。
[常见搭配] be unusual for sb./ sth. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是不寻常的
Eg: It's unusual for him to be late for school.
他上学迟到是很不寻常的。
[派生词] unusually为副词，译为"不寻常地，异常地";
usual为形容词，译为"寻常的，普通的".
Eg: He was unusually quiet today.
他今天异常安静。
I had my usual breakfast of bread and milk this morning.
今天早上我吃了平常的早餐--面包和牛奶。
[即学即用]
It's __________(usual) for him to be late. He's always very punctual.
答案：unusual
12.bottom(名词)底部，最下部
[用法讲解] bottom为可数名词，其复数形式为 bottoms，还可译为"最低的部分，最差的部分";bottom还可为动词，译为"到达底部/最低点";bottom亦可为形容词，译为"底部的，末端的".
Eg: There's a small hole at the bottom of the box.
盒子的底部有一个小洞。
The stock market bottomed out last week and has been rising since then.
股市上周触底，此后一直上涨。
Please fasten the bottom button of your coat.
请系上你外套最下面的纽扣。
[常见搭配] at the bottom of... 在...的底部
from top to bottom 从上到下，彻底地
Eg: There is some dirt at the bottom of the bag.
袋子底部有一些灰尘。
She cleaned the room from top to bottom.
她把房间彻底打扫了一遍。
[即学即用]
他把书架上的书从上到下整理了一遍。
He organized the books on the shelf____________________.
答案：from top to bottom
13.waterfall(名词)瀑布
[用法讲解] waterfall为可数名词，其复数形式为waterfalls.
Eg: Niagara Falls is a famous waterfall.
尼加拉瀑布是一个著名的瀑布。
[即学即用]
The _________(瀑布)cascades down the cliff, creating a beautiful sight.
答案：waterfall
14.civilization(名词)文明
[用法讲解]civilization为可数名词，其复数形式为civilizations，还可译为"文明社会".
Eg: The development of civilization has brought many changes to human life.
文明的发展给人类生活带来了许多变化。
We should behave properly in civilization.
我们在文明社会中应该举止得体。
[派生词] civilize为动词，译为"使闻名，使开化";
civilian为名词，译为"平民，百姓";
civilized为形容词，译为"文明的".
Eg: Education can help civilize people.
教育可以帮助使人们变得文明。
Many civilians were injured in the conflict.
许多平民在冲突中受伤。
We should live in a civilized way.
我们应该文明地生活。
[即学即用]
Chinese ____________ (civilize) has a long history and rich cultural heritage.
答案：civilization
15.means(名词)方式，途径
[用法讲解] means为单复同形，还可译为"财富".
Eg: The Internet has become an important means of communication.
互联网已经成为一种重要的沟通方式。
He has the means to support his family comfortable.
他有足够的财富让家人过上舒适的生活。
[常见搭配] means of production 生产资料
by means of... 通过...方式，借助...手段
by all means 务必，一定，当然可以
by no means 绝不，一点也不
Eg: The means of production are owned by the workers in this factory.
这家工厂的生产资料归工人所有。
He succeeded by means of hard work.
他通过努力工作取得了成功。
By all means, come and visit us when you are free.
当然可以，你有空的时候一定要来拜访我们。
By no means should you give up easily.
你绝不应该轻易放弃。
[派生词] mean为动词，译为"意味着";
meaning为名词，译为"意义，意思";
meaningful为形容词，译为"有意义的".
Eg: What does this word mean
这个词是什么意思
The meaning of this sentence is no clear.
这个句子的意思不清楚。
We had a meaningful conversation.
我们进行了一次有意义的对话。
[即学即用]
1.We should try all possible_________(mean) to solve this problem.
2.通过努力工作，他实现了成为科学家的梦想。
________________hard work, he achieved his dream of becoming a scientist.
答案：1.means 2.By means of
16.development(名词)发展，壮大
[用法讲解] development为不可数名词，但在表示"发展成果，开发区"等时为可数名词，其复数形式为developments.
Eg: Education is central to a country's economic development.
教育是国家经济发展的核心。
There is a new housing development in the suburbs.
郊区有一个新的住宅开放去区。
[派生词] develop为动词，译为"发展，培养";
developing为形容词，译为"发展中的"
developed为形容词，译为"发达的".
Eg: We need more time to see how things develop before we take action.
我们采取行动以前需要有更多时间观察情况的发展。
China is still a developing country in every sense of this term.
中国是实实在在的发张中国家。
America is a developed country.
美国是一个发达国家。
[即学即用]
The ___________ (develop) of the Internet has changed our lives.
答案：development
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