资源简介

(共38张PPT)
（人教新版）八年级
下
Section A Grammar focus
Time to Relax
Unit1
01
02
03
能够归纳总结动词不定式的基本结构（肯定式：to + 动词原形；否定式：not+to + 动词原形）；明确其语法功能（作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语）和用法特点。
能在小组活动中，运用动词不定式描述自己的课余活动和个人经历，做到语言准确、表达流畅，通过分享增进同伴间的了解和交流。
能在语境中正确运用动词不定式表达目的、愿望、计划等，能准确使用动词不定式完成句子填空和对话练习，能区分不同语境下动词不定式的正确形式。
Learning objectives
、
Warming-up
、
Do you remember how they spend their free time
Chen Jie（1b）
She likes to play the flute.
Why
She plays it to relax.
Revision
、
Do you remember how they spend their free time
Helen（1b）
She likes to paint.
How did she
get into painting
She saw her mother paint.
She decided to give it a go.
Revision
、
Do you remember how they spend their free time
Fu Xing
(2b)
She likes to swim.
Why did she
start swimming
She started swimming to get over her fear.
Revision
、
Do you remember how they spend their free time
Emma
(2b)
She likes to try ice skating.
Her instructor told her not to give up so easily.
What did her instructor say to her
Revision
、
She likes to play the flute.
She plays it to relax.
She likes to swim.
She started swimming to get over her fear.
She likes to paint.
She decided to give it a go.
She likes to try ice skating.
Her instructor told her not to give up so easily.
非谓语动词to do
(动词不定式the infinitive)
Lead-in
、
动词不定式（infinitive）
定义
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。
构成
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，常写作to do(有时to可以省略)。
Presentation
注意: 这里的to只是个语法符号，没有词义。
、
动词不定式（infinitive）
用法
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。
Presentation
、
做主语
用法
To travel around the world is his dream.
To learn English is important and useful.
动词不定式（infinitive）
一般位于句首，谓语动词用单数形式。
、
做主语
用法
To travel around the world is his dream.
动词不定式（infinitive）
=It is his dream to travel around the world.
To learn English is important and useful.
=It important and useful to learn English.
为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，往往用it代替不定式作形式主语，而将不定式放在后面作真正的主语。
、
做宾语
用法
We decide to plant trees this weekend.
动词不定式（infinitive）
I want to be a volunteer.
、
做宾语
用法
动词不定式（infinitive）
三个希望(hope, wish, want)
两答应(agree, promise)
两个要求(demand, ask)莫拒绝(refuse)
设法(manage)学会(learn)做决定(decide)
不要假装(pretend)在选择(choose)
不定式作
宾语的动词
、
做宾语补足语
用法
动词不定式（infinitive）
Our teacher asked us to clean the classroom
after school.
Mary invited her friends to come
to her birthday party.
动词不定式用来补充说明宾语的情况。
、
做宾语补足语
用法
动词不定式（infinitive）
常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)
tell, ask, want, teach, wish, promise, expect, invite, help, order, would like
、
做宾语补足语
用法
动词不定式（infinitive）
感官动词(hear, see, watch, feel, notice, listen to, look at等)后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
I saw them enter the room.
、
做宾语补足语
用法
动词不定式（infinitive）
I saw them enter the room.
When I passed the classroom,
I saw them singing.
see sb. do sth. 意为“看见某人做某事”，表示看见了事情的全过程或者多次看见。宾语补足语的动作已完成，动词用省略to的不定式。
see sb. doing sth. 意为“看见某人正在做某事”，表示宾语补足语的动作正在进行，动词用动名词形式。
其他感官动词也是这样的用法哦！
、
做宾语补足语
用法
动词不定式（infinitive）
使役动词(make, let, have)后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
My parents make me do some housework.
、
做宾语补足语
用法
动词不定式（infinitive）
help后面的动词不定式可加to，也可不加to。
Could you help me (to) carry the box
、
做宾语补足语
用法
动词不定式（infinitive）
一感(feel)二听(listen to, hear)
三让(let, make, have)
四看(look at, see, watch, notice)
半帮助(help)
(即在动词 help 后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无)
后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语
、
做表语
用法
My dream is to be an astronaut.
动词不定式（infinitive）
Her job is to look after sick children.
动词不定式做表语常用于以下结构：
My/Her/His job/dream/goal/aim is…
、
用法
I have a pen to write with.
动词不定式（infinitive）
She doesn’t have a house to live in.
不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系，若是不及物动词, 介词不能省略。
做定语
、
做状语
用法
To keep healthy, he runs in the park every day.
动词不定式（infinitive）
We should work together to save the Earth.
目的状语:动词不定式可表示某一动作或状态的目的，位于句首或句尾。
、
做状语
用法
I’m happy to see you again.
动词不定式（infinitive）
I am sorry to trouble you.
原因状语:在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。
、
做状语
用法
He is old enough to go to school by himself.
动词不定式（infinitive）
He is too shy to ask anyone for help.
结果状语可用于too...to...结构中。
、
疑问词+不定式
用法
He doesn’t know where to go.
动词不定式（infinitive）
Could you tell me how to learn English
与特殊疑问词连用：放在what, which, where, when, which, who, how等词之后。
、
用法
疑问词
+不定式
做主语
做定语
做宾语
补足语
做状语
做表语
做宾语
总结
(summary)
动词不定式（infinitive）
、
动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补足语
动词不定式
作目的状语
动词不定式
作宾语补足语
→可位于句首，也可位于句尾
表示目的或意图，通常意为“为了.....”
(重点）
用于“命令、要求、允许”类动词后
用于“希望、期望”类动词后
用于使役动词和感官动词后（重点）
用于其他动词后
本单元重点讲动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补足语。
、
What do you do in your free time I play the flute to relax.
How did you spend your weekend I went to the sports centre to ice skate.
How did you get into painting I saw my mother paint.
I decided to give it a go.
What did your instructor say She told me not to give up so easily.
作目的状语
作目的状语
省略to的不定式
作宾语补足语
作宾语补足语
get into 开始做某事；进入
give it a go 试一试某事
Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an objective complement or adverbial.
4a
、
Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me ____________ (decide) to
try skiing.
B: You're welcome. Try ____________ (forget) your fears and have fun!
2. A: My cousin often asks me ____________ (fly) kites with her when
it's windy.
B: That sounds fun! I'd love to watch you ____________ (fly) kites
sometime.
3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies ____________ (relax).
B: Really When I want ____________ (relax), I watch animal videos.
4. A: My parents told me ____________ (not push) myself too hard.
B: Yes, it's important _______________ (not forget) to relax
once in a while.
decide
to forget
to fly
fly
to relax
to relax
not to push
not to forget
make使役动词+省略to的不定式
作宾语补足语
try to do sth. 作宾语
ask sb. to do sth. 作宾语补足语(宾补)
watch sb. do sth.(观看全过程) 省略to, 作宾补
作目的状语
want to do sth. 作宾语
tell sb. not to do sth. 作宾补
push oneself too hard 逼自己太狠
It’s + adj. + (not) to do sth.
it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语
once in a while 偶尔地；间或
4b
、
Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box.What do you usually do outdoors
chat (not) come do listen play spend stay watch
My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and
I often meet my friends __________ football and tennis. My brother joined
us to play football once or twice, but he decided ____________ after that.
He doesn't like sport very much! Instead, he likes __________ at home
and __________ movies, __________ to music, and __________ with
friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us __________ more time together as a family. So, now they let us __________ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together!
to play
not to come
to stay
watch
listen
chat
to spend
do
to stay, watch, listen, chat 作likes的并列宾语
let sb. do sth. 使役动词let, 省略to, 作宾补
go on an outing 外出游玩
作目的状语
作宾语
作宾补
stay at home 待在家里
chat with sb. 与某人聊天
be worried about=worry about 担心
4c
、
开始做某事；进入
试一试某事
偶尔地；间或
呆在家里
外出游玩
逼自己太狠
尽力做某事
叫某人做某事
让某人做某事
担心
与某人聊天
get into
give it a go
once in a while
stay at home
go on an outing
push oneself too hard
try to do sth.
ask sb. to do sth.
make sb do sth
be worried about
chat with sb.
Phrases summary
、
I. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
Exercise
1. (2025福建中考改编）We will attend the tea festival in our town
____________ (learn) more about tea culture.
2. (2025 宿迁中考改编）Kitty will go to the English Corner
____________ (practise) her English this Saturday afternoon.
3. Teachers often encourage us ____________ (work) hard to achieve
our dreams.
4. I watched John ____________ (walk) across the street just now.
to learn
to practise
to work
walk
、
II. 根据汉语提示完成句子（每空一词）。
1. 我们需要带些零食在野餐时吃。
We need to take some snacks ____________________ at the picnic.
2. 妈妈告诉我不要在公园里摘花。
Mom told me ____________________ in the park.
3. 在野营前，我请求我的朋友教我搭帐篷。
I asked my friend ____________________ the tent before camping.
4. 我们的老师提醒我们去远足时要带足够的水。
Our teacher reminds us ____________________ when we go hiking.
to eat
not to pick flowers
to teach me to put up
to take enough water
Homework
1. 语法巩固：制作一个思维导图或表格，归纳总结动词不定式作“宾语补足语”时的两大类动词（“要求/建议”类需带to；“使役/感官”类不带to），每类至少列出3个课本或课件中的动词例子。
2. 能力提升：：写一篇短文“My Weekend Plan”，使用至少3个不定式作目的状语和2个作宾语补足语。

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