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Unit 1 Career talks单元核心知识清单
一、核心词汇（黑体部分为重点词汇）
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
（北京）股份有限公司
Verb动词
1.使想起(故人或旧事) remind
2.需要(某物) require
3.组织,策划,安排 organise
4.认为;以为;觉得 consider
5.以……替换,更换 replace
6.提供,供应,供给 provide
Noun名词
7.“蜘蛛人”(指高空作业人员) spiderman
8.(液体的)滴 drop
9.汗,汗水 sweat
10.西瓜 watermelon
11.刷子;毛刷 brush
12.演说,演讲 speech
13.上下文,语境 context
14.公司 company
15.面试,面谈 interview
16.信息交流;沟通 communication
17.技能,技巧,技艺 skill
18.个性,性格 personality
19.好处,益处,裨益 benefit
20.领导才能,领导素质 leadership
21.训练,培训 training
22.计划 programme
Noun名词
23.职业,事业 career
24.出纳员 cashier
25.(飞机或飞行器的)驾驶员,飞行员 pilot
26.自动驾驶仪 autopilot
27.旅游业,观光业 tourism
28.真实;现实 reality
29.市场 market
Adjective形容词
30.湿的,潮的,潮湿的 wet
31.新生的 newborn
32.富于挑战性的;困难而有趣的 challenging
Adjective形容词
33.必要的,必需的,必不可少的 necessary
34.人的,人类的 human
35.(数量、水平或价值)少的,低的 low
36.虚拟的,模拟的 virtual
37.时髦的,流行的 fashionable
Preposition介词
38.在整个期间,自始至终 throughout
Adverb副词
39.确实地,无疑地 surely
40.在更远处;往更远处 beyond
二、核心短语
1.到处,各处 all over
2.汗珠 drops of sweat
3.使某人想起…… remind sb of…
4.逐渐地,一点一点地 bit by bit
5.一种成就感 a sense of achievement
6.向……说再见 say goodbye to
7.因为;由于 because of
8.对……心怀感激 feel thankful for
9.(把……)打扫干净 clean up　
10.全年 throughout the year　
11.确保 make sure
12.学生们的心声 the voices of students
13.休假;休息 take sth off
14.听说;得知 hear about
15.擅长于某事 be good at sth
16.照看;照顾;照料 care for
17.对……负有责任;负责…… be responsible for…
18.导游 tour guide
19.时装设计师 fashion designer
20.即将到来 on the way
21.突然出现 spring up
22.满足……的需求 meet… needs
23.被……(所)取代,用……替换 be replaced by
24.独立地 on one's own
25.报名 sign up for
26.化为泡影,化为乌有 go up in smoke
27.跟上,了解(最新资讯)keep up with
三、重点句型
1.过去的三十年既充满挑战,也饱含欢乐。The past 30 years were filled with both challenges and joys.
2.我会记得那些在空中的日子。All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory.
3.它(西瓜)被细心地切成了小块。It was carefully cut into small pieces.
4.幸福透过玻璃,进入了我的心中。Happiness passed through the glass and into my heart.
5.虽然窗户清洁工作并不总是被认为是一份好工作,但我永远不会后悔。
Window cleaning is not always considered a good job, but I'll never regret it.
6.在欧洲的大部分地区,它被当作一个春季节日,通过歌唱和舞蹈来庆祝。
In much of Europe, it's celebrated as a springtime festival with singing and dancing.
7.人们的工作从古至今一直在变化。People's jobs have changed throughout history.
8.如今,科技正以愈加迅猛的速度发展。Now, technology is developing at an even faster speed.
9.未来,必将以更低的成本提供太空旅行。In the future, travelling to space will surely be provided at a lower cost.
10.乘坐没有人类飞行员的飞机这个想法太可怕了!The idea of flying in a plane without a human pilot is scary!
11.嗯,请为我报名太空旅行!Um, sign me up for a space tour, please!
12.就业市场变化得真快!How fast the job market changes!
四、核心语法
被动语态
语态是动词的一种形式,用于说明主语和谓语之间的具体关系。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
　　主动语态的句子中,主语是动作的执行者。
　　被动语态的句子中,主语是动作的承受者。一般来说,只有及物动词才有被动语态。
Lots of students love this English song. (主动语态,句子的主语Lots of students是动作love的执行者)
This English song is loved by lots of students. (被动语态,句子的主语This English song是动作love的承受者)
一． 一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态的构成
　　被动语态一般由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,其中be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。
时态 被动语态的句式 例句
一般现在时 主语+am/is/are+ 动词过去分词+其他. English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内被广泛使用。
一般将来时 主语+will/be going to+be+动词过去分词+其他. The new film will/is going to be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。
二．被动语态的运用
　　一般来说,在下面几种情况中会用到被动语态:
(1)需要强调动作的承受者时。The new student is welcomed by the whole class. 新同学受到全班的欢迎。
(2)不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。Electricity is used to work machines.电被用来开动机器。
(3)为礼貌起见,避免提及动作的执行者时。I am told not to make a noise.有人告诉我不要吵闹。
(4)当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时。Look! The street is covered with snow。看!街上都是雪。
三． 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法
注意(1)不及物动词(短语)如happen、rise、appear、take place等没有被动语态。
(2)动词短语如talk about、pay attention to、take care of等在变为被动语态时,其中的介词不可漏掉。
(3)在主动语态的句子中,感官动词(see、watch、hear等)和使役动词(make、let等)后面常接省略to的动词不定式,但在变为被动语态时,不能省略to。
People often see Betty help the old lady with her housework.→Betty is often seen to help the old lady with her housework.(人们)经常看到Betty帮那位老太太做家务。
巩固训练
一、单词拼写
阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
My uncle David was thirty-six years old when he resigned(辞职). At that time he was a 　1． 　(主管) in a big company. Everyone thought he was 　2． 　(发 疯 的) and worried about his future. But it 　3． 　(似乎) now he is more successful. Uncle David always wanted to be a presenter. He loved working in radio and enjoyed the feeling of 　4． 　(采访) people. That was why he left the company and started from scratch(从头开始).
It was not easy, however. At first, he found a 　5． 　 (兼职的) job at a radio station. His main job was to collect the latest 　6． 　(国家的) and local news and write reports. It sounded boring, but David kept doing this day in and day out. With a good educational 　7． 　(背景) and great effort, he did a great job. After several months his 　8． 　(文章) caught the manager's attention. One year later, he began to introduce his own programme. It was a success and it won the hearts of many 　9． 　 (听众).
Uncle David has set a good 　10． 　(例子) for me. What I have learnt from him is that it's never too late to fulfill my dream.
阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
Warren came from America. He was a reporter from a school newspaper. He and other reporters went to NASA and 　11． 　(采访)Scott Kelly. Kelly was a famous astronaut and once lived on the 　12． 　(国际的) Space Station for almost a year.
When Warren and other reporters arrived there, a 　13． 　(主管) of NASA gave them a warm welcome. He first showed them 　14． 　(到处), and then took them to an office to meet Scott Kelly. Everyone had a 　15． 　(机会) to ask Kelly one question."What does the earth look like in space " one asked. "From a black 　16． 　(背景), I saw a blue planet in space. It's so beautiful!"answered Kelly. "Did you 　17． 　(想 念 ) your family and friends " another asked. "Yes, sometimes,"said Kelly with a 　18． 　(微笑). "Why do we explore (探索) space " asked Warren,"Exploring space can help us 　19． 　(解决问题) many problems in our lives," Kelly said.
Warren wrote down the answer in his report. He thought this answer would 　20． 　(使满意) readers.
二、选词填空
选词填空
big; friendship; in; she; or
Anna comes from Russia. She is 17 years old. She is going to stay with the Black family for a year. They will form valuable 　21． 　 .Anna comes to England because she wants to study English. She hopes to make progress in English.
Anna is now in London. Everything is new to 　22． 　 . She finds life is different from that in Moscow. Some things are nice in London. However, many things are not so nice. The shops are 　23． 　 in London than those in Moscow. But it's very expensive to enjoy herself in London. It's expensive to have a meal at a restaurant 　24． 　 go to the cinema.
Now Anna has got used to many things. She helps Mrs Black with housework and goes to English classes on Wednesday and Friday afternoons. She enjoys studying with her classmates 　25． 　 groups. She expects to go back home with London's culture.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次(每空一词)。
cartoon; handsome; private; expect; create
Marvel is one of the most popular companies in the world. As early as 1939, a 　26． 　called Motion Pictures Funnies Weekly was on and Namor the Sub-Mariner was the first superhero in Marvel. So far, these have been many famous superheroes. Among them, I like Iron man best. In Iron Man I . he is a 　27． 　 person with lots of money. Because he has experienced dangerous situation, he 　28． 　to protect himself and other people with his wisdom(智慧). After he makes this important decision, he spends most of his free time 　29． 　battle suits with high-tech. From then on, he starts to do good thing around the world 　30． 　 . In the end of the movie, he reveals his identity to the whole world in an interview.
三、语法填空
短文填空：在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Gifts are a way for people to show love. When you plan to choose gifts for your friends or family, you may spend lots of time thinking about　31． 　 their favourite gifts are. I think a handmade gift is the best choice. And you don't need to worry about 　32． 　 your gift is expensive or not.
For example, on Teachers'Day, many students would like to make 　33． 　(they) teachers gifts by hand. It may be a simple(简单的) handmade wallet,　34． 　 it may be a warm scarf. The handmade greeting card(贺卡) is a nice choice too. Many students stick or draw some pictures, and then they write down　35． 　 they really thank teachers' help and encouragement. More than anything, the gift comes from the heart and shows them your love and care. I believe teachers will feel 　36． 　(surprise) at all the things students make by themselves. By the way, do you know 　37． 　 Teachers' Day is It falls on September 10th.
And I want to share 　38． 　 you can improve your gift-making skills. You can learn from the Internet or other people. It's a good idea to hold a gift-making party and let everyone share gifts they made for others. I believe you 　39． 　(learn) more skills in the future. At the same time, it will make the relationship(关系) between you and your friends stronger.
Someone may ask 　40． 　 it seems hard for him to show others his love. There are many answers, but advice is: Don't be shy to show your love or be afraid to make mistakes! Just have a try!
语法填空
Edward's Travel Tips
What kind of place do you usually choose to stay for the night during a trip Expensive hotels that may make you feel like you don't get what you pay for Or cheap hotels that put you 　41． 　five strangers in the same bedroom If both 　42． 　(choice) sound terrible to you, here's something new: holiday apartments.
In a holiday apartment, you have more space than what 　43． 　hotel room can give you. Everything in the apartment 　44． 　(be) free to use. The living room, the kitchen, the study, and of course the bedrooms are all for
　45． 　 (you) own use. Some apartments even have a 　46． 　(true) lovely garden or a game room. You'll feel at home in the holiday apartment. One of 　47． 　(good) things is, a holiday apartment is not expensive. The price 　48． 　a holiday apartment for two people is often lower than that of a hotel room for two. You only need 　49． 　(pay) a little more for a third or fourth person. 　50． 　you travel with friends or your family, a holiday apartment will be a good choice!
答案解析部分
【答案】1．director；2．crazy；3．seems；4．interviewing；5．part-time；6．national；7．background；8．articles；9．listeners；10．example
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了大卫叔叔的事迹，为我树立了好的榜样。
【点评】考查单词拼写。先通读全文，跳过缺失的单词，了解短文大意，然后根据上下文，句意和首字母及固定搭配等来确定正确的单词。
1．句意：那时候，他是大公司的主管。主管director，可数名词，由a可知director用单数，故答案为director。
2．句意：每个人认为他是发疯的。发疯的crazy，形容词，做表语，故答案为crazy。
3．句意：但是现在似乎他是更加成功的。似乎seem，动词，结合全文时态可知时态是一般现在时态，主语是It，seem用第三人称单数seems，故答案为seems。
4．句意：他喜欢在电台工作并且喜欢采访人们的感觉。采访interview，动词，介词of后面用动词的ing形式，interview的ing形式是interviewing，故答案为interviewing。
5．句意：开始的时候，他在无线电台找到一份兼职工作。兼职的part-time，形容词做定语，故答案为part-time。
6．句意：他的主要工作是收集国家和地方最新的消息并且写报告。国家的national，形容词，做定语，故答案为national。
7．句意：有好的教育背景和伟大的努力，他完成得很好。背景background，抽象名词，为不可数，故答案为background。
8．句意：几个月以后，他的文章吸引了经理的注意。文章article，可数名词，这里用复数表达一类事物，article的复数是articles，故答案为articles。
9．句意：它是成功的并且它赢得了许多听众的心。听众listener，可数名词，many后面跟可数名词的复数，listener的复数是listeners。故答案为listeners。
10．句意：大卫叔叔为我树立了榜样。例子example，由a可知example用单数，set a good example是动词短语，树立好的榜样，故答案为example。
【答案】11．interviewed；12．International；13．director；14．around；15．chance；16．background；17．miss；18．smile；19．solve；20．satisfy
【解析】【分析】文章主要讲述了沃伦作为校报记者，与其他记者一同前往NASA采访著名宇航员斯科特·凯利的经历。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意副词修饰动词，过去时，名词单数等用法，注意在学习过程中，充分利用词典、语法书、在线资源等辅助工具。
11．句意： 他和其他记者一起去了美国国家航空航天局（NASA），并采访了斯科特·凯利。采访，interview，动词，根据He and other reporters went to NASA and ，可知and前后一致，故用过去式interviewed ，故填interviewed。
12．句意： 凯利是一位著名的宇航员，他曾在国际空间站生活将近一年。station是名词，其前用形容词做定语，国际的，international ，是形容词，此处是专有名词国际空间站，故首字母大写，故填 International。
13．句意：当沃伦和其他记者到达时，NASA的一位主管热情地接待了他们。主管，director，不定冠词a修饰名词单数，故填director。
14．句意：他首先带他们四处参观，然后带他们去一个办公室与斯科特·凯利见面。到处，around，show sb around，带着某人四处看看，故填around。
15．句意：每个人都有机会向凯利问一个问题。机会，chance，可数名词。不定冠词a修饰名词单数，故填chance。
16．句意：从黑色的背景中，我看到太空中有一个蓝色的星球。背景，background，可数名词。不定冠词a修饰名词单数，故填background。
17．句意：你想念你的家人和朋友吗？想念，miss，动词，助动词did后用动词原形，故填miss。
18．句意：凯利微笑着说。微笑，smile，可数名词。不定冠词a修饰名词单数，故填smile。
19．句意：探索太空可以帮助我们解决生活中的许多问题。解决，solve，动词，help sb do，帮助某人做某事，故用动词原形，故填solve。
20．句意：他认为这个答案会让读者满意。使满足，satisfy，动词，would是助动词，其后用动词原形，故填satisfy。
【答案】21．friendships；22．her；23．bigger；24．or；25．in
【解析】【分析】文章主要讲述了来自俄罗斯的17岁女孩安娜在英国的生活和学习经历。她为了学习英语来到英国，并计划在英国生活一年。在伦敦，她体验了与莫斯科不同的生活，虽然有些事物让她觉得不尽如人意，但她也在逐渐适应并享受这里的生活。
big大的; friendship友谊; in在; she她; or或者
【点评】考查选词填空，注意比较级，名词复数等用法，注意词汇的意义往往取决于其所在的上下文。因此务必仔细阅读并理解整个句子或段落的意义。积累词汇和语法知识，扩大词汇量，掌握常见词汇的拼写、词性和意义。
21．句意：他们将建立宝贵的友谊。根据She is going to stay with the Black family for a year她将与布莱克一家共度一年时光。可知将建立宝贵的友谊，故用friendship，名词作宾语，名词复数表示泛指，故填 friendships 。
22．句意：对她来说，一切都是新的。根据Anna is now in London，可知是对她来说，一切都是新的，she，主格，her，宾格做介词to的宾语，故填her。
23．句意：伦敦的商店数量比莫斯科的更多。根据The shops...than those in Moscow，可知是更大，big，形容词，than是比较级标志，bigger是比较级形式，故填bigger。
24．句意：在餐馆吃饭或去看电影都很贵。根据have a meal at a restaurant ... go to the cinema，可知是两个动词，每次只能做一个，故用or，或者，并列关系，故填or。
25．句意：她喜欢和同学们分组学习。根据提示词，可知是in groups，分小组，固定搭配，故填in。
【答案】26．cartoon；27．handsome；28．expects；29．creating；30．privately
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍《钢铁侠Ι》电影的梗概内容。
cartoon动画片；handsome英俊的；private私人的；expect期待；create创造
【点评】考查选词填空。了解文章大意，理解所给词的词义，根据句子的语法结构，写出所给词的正确形式。
26．句意：早在1939年，一部名为《电影搞笑周刊》的动画片就开始了，而《潜水者纳莫尔》是漫威的第一位超级英雄。根据空格后 Motion Pictures Funnies Weekly 可知，动画片，选用cartoon，可数名词，空格前有不定冠词a，用可数名词单数cartoon，故填cartoon。
27．句意：在《钢铁侠I》中，他是一个英俊的人，有很多钱。由a和man，可知要用形容词作定语，修饰人的，选用handsome，英俊的，形容词，故填handsome。
28．句意：因为他经历过危险的情况，他期待用自己的智慧保护自己和他人。空格处是谓语动词，根据上文Because he has experienced dangerous situation可知期待用自己的智慧保护自己和他人。选用expect，动词，固定短语expect to do sth期待做某事，根据下文的谓语动词makes，可知要用一般现在时，主语he，用第三人称单数expects，故填expects。
29．句意：在做出这个重要决定后，他把大部分空闲时间都花在了用高科技制作战斗服上。根据固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth，用动名词作宾语。选用create，动词，动名词creating，故填creating。
30．句意：从那时起，他开始在世界各地私下做好事。修饰动词do，用副词作状语。选用private，形容词，副词为privately，故填privately。
【答案】31．what；32．whether；33．their；34．or；35．that/不填；36．surprised；37．when；38．how；39．will learn/ are going to learn；40．why
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了手工制作的礼物是表达爱的最好方式，不需要花费太多，还介绍了提升制作礼物技能的方法。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，逐一验证。
31．句意：当您打算为朋友或家人选择礼物时，您可能会花很多时间思考他们最喜欢的礼物。根据"thinking about1 their favourite gifts are……"可知此处要表达思考他们最喜欢的礼物是什么，what，什么，故填what。
32．句意：而且您不必担心您的礼物是否昂贵。根据"And you don't need to worry about ……your gift is expensive or not."可知此处要表达不必担心礼物是否昂贵，whether，连词，是否，固定搭配whether……or not，是否，故填whether。
33．句意：例如，在老师的日子里，许多学生想手工制作（他们）的老师礼物。they，代词， 他们；所填词修饰名词teachers，用到形容词性物主代词，they对应的形容词性物主代词是their，故填their。
34．句意：它可能是一个简单的（简单的）手工钱包，也可能是一条温暖的围巾。" It may be a simple(简单的) handmade wallet,"与" it may be a warm scarf."之间是选择关系，用表示选择关系的连词连接，or，连词，或者，表选择，故填or。
35．句意：许多学生坚持或绘制一些图片，然后写下来，他们真的感谢老师的帮助和鼓励。"they really thank teachers' help and encouragement."做write down的宾语，是宾语从句，从句不缺成分，因此用that连接，或者不填，故填that/不填。
36．句意：我相信老师会对学生自己做的所有事情感到惊讶。surprise，动词，惊讶；feel，动词，感觉，后接形容词作表语，surprised，形容词，感到惊讶的，故填surprised。
37．句意：顺便说一句，您知道教师节是什么时候吗？根据"It falls on September 10th."可知" do you know ……Teachers' Day is "你知道教师节是什么时候吗，when，什么时候， 故填when。
38．句意： 我想分享如何提高礼物技巧。根据"And I want to share…… you can improve your gift-making skills."可知此处要表达我想分享如何提高礼物技巧，how，怎么样、如何，故填how。
39．句意：我相信您将来会学习更多技能。learn，东西，学习；根据in the future可知此句用将来时，构成为will do或be going to do，主语you是第二人称，因此be用are，故填will learn/are going to learn。
40．句意：有人可能会问为什么他似乎很难向别人展示他的爱。根据"Someone may ask ……it seems hard for him to show others his love."可知此处要表达有人可能会问为什么他似乎很难向别人展示他的爱，why，为什么，故填why。
【答案】41．and；42．choices；43．a；44．is；45．your；46．truly；47．the best；48．of；49．to pay；50．If
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了度假公寓作为旅行住宿的新选择，强调了其空间宽敞、设施齐全、价格实惠以及提供宾至如归的舒适感等优势，鼓励读者在旅行时考虑选择度假公寓。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意主谓一致，最高级，不定式，条件状语从句的用法，注意词汇搭配，熟悉常见词汇的搭配和固定短语。注意空格前后单词的词性和意义，利用上下文线索，仔细阅读上下文，寻找与空格相关的线索。根据上下文推断空格处应填入的词汇或短语以及词性。完成填空后，检查答案是否符合语法规则和语境。
41．句意：还是那些便宜的旅馆，把你和另外5个陌生人安排在同一个卧室里？，根据put you...five strangers，可知是动词后用表示并列关系，故用and，和，做并列宾语，故填and。
42．句意：如果你觉得这两种选择都很糟糕，那么这里有个新选择：度假公寓。choice是可数名词，选择，both，两个，修饰名词复数，故填choices。
43．句意：在度假公寓里，你拥有的空间比任何酒店房间都要大。room是名词单数，hotel是辅音音素开头的形容词，故用不定冠词a修饰名词单数，表示泛指一个，故填a。
44．句意：公寓里的一切都可以免费使用。be，系动词，是，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是不定代词，故用单三式is，故填is。
45．句意：客厅、厨房、书房，当然还有卧室，都是供你独自使用的。you，主格，你，one's own+名词，某人自己的，故用形容词性物主代词your，你的，故填your。
46．句意：有些公寓甚至还有一个真正可爱的花园或游戏室。true，形容词，真的，lovely是形容词，故用truly副词修饰形容词，故填truly。
47．句意：最好的事情之一是，度假公寓并不贵。good，形容词，好的，one of是最高级标志，best是最高级，形容词最高级前有定冠词修饰，故填the best。
48．句意：两人住度假公寓的价格通常比两人住酒店房间的价格要低。根据a holiday apartment is not expensive，可知介绍价格，根据low，可知是the price of，固定搭配，......的价格，表示价格低，故填of。
49．句意：你只需要为第三或第四个人多付一点钱。pay，付钱，是动词，根据You only need，可知是人+need+to do，固定搭配，想要做某事，表示主动，故填to pay。
50．句意：无论你是和朋友还是家人一起旅行，度假公寓都是一个不错的选择！a holiday apartment will be a good choice是假设，前提是you travel with friends or your family，故用If引导条件状语从句，if位于句首首字母大写，故填If。
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