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(共18张PPT)
新人教八年级下册
Grammar Focus
Unit 1 Time to relax
At the end of this part, you will be able to
identify the functions of infinitives (as object complement or adverbial) in sentences.
use infinitives correctly in conversations.
complete passages with appropriate infinitive forms of verbs.
Learning objectives
01
02
03
I play the flute
to relax.
Lead-in
What do you
do in your free time
I went to the sports centre to ice skate.
Lead-in
How did you spend your weekend
I saw my mother paint. I decided
to give it a go.
Lead-in
How did you
get into painting
What did your instructor say
She told me
not to give up so easily.
4a Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as
an object complement or adverbial.
Presentation
宾语补足语
目的状语
动词不定式
1. 基本构成：
动词不定式的基本形式是 “to+动词原形”，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语；其否定式是在动词不定式前加not。
2. 基本用法：
动词不定式可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。
句法作用 例句
作主语 To travel around the word is my dream.
作宾语 Do you want to visit the Great Wall？
作宾语补足语 He told me to practice speaking English every day.
作目的状语 To improve my English, I listen to English songs every day.
作定语 （相当于形容词） I have a lot of homework to do.
不定式作宾语补足语
用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于某些动词之后，构成 “动词+宾语+不定式” 结构。
用于 “命令、要求、允许” 类动词后，如 ask、tell、order、require、 allow、permit。
Sam asked me to help him.
萨姆让我帮助他。
The teacher always tells us not to swim in the river.
老师总是叮嘱我们不要在河里游泳。
用于“ 希望、期望 ”类动词后，如：want、wish、expect、would like。
Parents want their children to grow up healthily.
父母希望孩子健康成长。
用于使役动词（如 make、have、let等）和感官动词（ 如 see、watch、 notice、hear、listen to、feel等）后时，动词不定式通常省略 to。
I saw her get into the car.
我看见她上了车。
His parents let him sweep the floor.
他父母让他扫地。
用于其他动词后，如 teach、warn、invite、encourage等。
The teacher warned us not to run in the hallway.
老师警告我们不要在走廊里跑。
They invited me to join their birthday party.
他们邀请我参加他们的生日派对。
My friend encouraged me to try the new sport.
朋友鼓励我尝试这项新运动。
The teachers often help us (to) solve problems.
老师经常帮助我们解决难题。
注意：动词不定式（短语）在 help 后作宾语补足语时，可带to
也可不带to。
不定式作目的状语
To get there on time, they started early.
= They started early to get there on time.
为了准时赶到那儿，他们很早就出发了。
动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时，通常意为“为了……”，用于说明动作的目的或意图。
动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时可放在句首，一般用逗号与后面的内容隔开，也可放在句尾。
注意：
表示目的也可用in order to和so as to，但so as to通常不位于句首。
He reads every day in order to/so as to improve writing skills.
为了提高写作技能，他每天阅读。
动词不定式作目的状语和宾语补语
表示目的或意图，通常意为“为了……”，可位于句首，也可位于句尾
作目的状语
作宾语补足语
用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态
用于“命令、要求、允许”类动词后
用于“希望、期望”类动词后
用于使役动词和感官动词后
4b Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs
in brackets.
Practice
1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me (decide) to
try skiing.
B: You’re welcome. Try (forget) your fears and
have fun!
2. A: My cousin often asks me (fly) kites with her when
it’s windy.
B: That sounds fun! I’d love to watch you (fly) kites
sometime.
decide
to forget
to fly
fly
此处 “fly” 是省略 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，用于 “watch sb. do sth.” 结构中, 强调动作的整个过程。
3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies _________(relax).
B: Really When I want _________(relax), I watch animal
videos.
4. A: My parents told me ____________(not push) myself too hard.
B: Yes, it’s important _____________(not forget) to relax once
in a while.
to relax
to relax
not to push
not to forget
用法：此处 “to relax” 是动词不定式作目的状语，说明 “看功夫电影”
的目的是 “放松”。
结构特点：不定式表动作的目的，常置于句末。
chat, (not) come, do, listen, play, spend, stay, watch
4c Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in box.
What do you usually do outdoors
My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends ________ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided ____________ after that. He doesn’t like sport very much! Instead, he likes _______ at home and ______ movies, _______ to music, and _____ with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us __________ more time together as a family. So, now they let us _____ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together!
to play
not to come
to stay
watch
chat
listen
to spend
do
新人教八年级下册

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