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Unit 2 Grammar
【学习目标】
1.区分have/has been (to)与have/has gone (to)的语境差异,能判断“去过已回”“去了未回”的语义并正确运用。
2.掌握for/since在现在完成时中的搭配规则,能完成瞬间动词到延续性动词的转换。
3.运用have/has been/gone (to)、for/since及延续性动词,完成配套练习。
【自主预习】
一、单词速查(把方框中的词和对应的英文释义相匹配)
business　mix　until　message
anywhere　marry　artwork
1.　　　　 adv.in or to any place
2.　　　　 n.a piece of art, like a painting or a photo
3.　　　　 n.a piece of information you send to someone
4.　　　　 vt.& vi.to become someone's husband or wife
5.　　　　 prep.&conj.up to the time when something happens
6.　　　　 n.a combination of different people or things
7.　　　　 n.the work of buying and selling things; or something you need to do
二、短语速记(将短语与其对应的中文释义连线)
1.on a business trip a.结婚
2.not...until b.迫不及待
3.hear about　 c.发送信息
4.can't wait to　 d.出差
5.send a message　 e.直到……才
6.be married　 f.听说
三、情境创生(班级“名城探秘”主题分享会正在进行,请从方框中选出合适的选项补全对话。)
A.Have you been to Nanjing
B.What is special about this country
C.It is famous for the Terracotta Army.
D.What is the top attraction in Luoyang
1.A:Xi'an is a great ancient capital. 　　　
B:That's right! And it has the best-protected and longest city wall in the world.
2.A:　　　
B:No, I haven't. But I know it is the capital city of Jiangsu Province. We can enjoy a boat trip along the Qinhuai River at night.
3.A:　　　
B:The Longmen Grottoes, which have over 2,300 caves.
【合作探究】
任务驱动一火眼金睛,辨“be”识“go”
1.阅读下面这段对话,找出所有使用have/has been和have/has gone的句子,并判断对话中提到的人物是“去过某地已回”还是“去了某地未回”。
Simon:Hi,Millie! I hear your parents have gone to Hangzhou for the weekend.
Millie:Yes, they left yesterday. They have been to Hangzhou many times, but they still love it.
Simon:What about your brother Has he gone with them
Millie:No, he hasn't. He has been at home since Friday. He has gone to the library now, though.
Simon:I've been to Hangzhou twice. It's a beautiful city!
2.根据情境,用所给词的正确形式(have/has been/gone)填空。
(1)My aunt is a travel lover. She 　　　　　　　　(be) to over 20 countries.
(2)—Where is Tom
—He 　　　　　　　　(go) to the teacher's office. He'll be back soon.
(3)My grandparents 　　　　　　　　(be) in Shanghai before.
(4)I 　　　　　　　　(be) to the new museum twice. It's amazing!
任务驱动二知识串联,揭秘for/since的用法
1.阅读下列例句,完成“规则总结”填空。
I've lived here for 10 years.我已经在这里住了10年了。
She's been here since Monday.她从周一开始就在这里了。
He has been away for 2 hours.他已经离开两个小时了。
They have had the car since 2020.他们从2020年起就拥有这辆车了。
规则总结:
(1)　　　　 后面跟时间段,如two days, a long time。
(2)　　　　后面跟时间点,如1995, last Saturday, 8 a.m.。
(3)在现在完成时的肯定句中,leave、buy、come、go 这类瞬间动词(短暂性动词)不能直接与 for或 since连用,需要转换为对应的延续性状态的单词或词组,如leave→　　　　;buy→　　　　,才能体现动作的延续性。
2.根据下列延续性动词短语写出相应的短暂性动词。
(1)　　　　→have been away
(2)　　　　→have been a member of
(3)　　　　→have kept
(4)　　　　→have been on
任务驱动三迁移创新,写出“我”的旅行故事
假设你是Millie,请你写一篇80词左右的英文日记,描述你今年寒假的旅行经历,要求使用have/has been/gone和for/since。
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【知识探究】
Some of our teachers have gone to Xiamen. 我们的一些老师已经去了厦门。
用法总结　have gone to是现在完成时的结构,意为“去了某地(目前未返回)”,主语通常为人,后接地点。例如:
He has gone to the library. He hasn't come back yet. 他去图书馆了。他还没回来。
知识拓展　
短语 含义
have been to 去过某地(已回来)
have gone to 去了某地(未回来)
have been in 在某地待了一段时间
例如:
I have been to Shanghai twice. 我去过上海两次。
He has gone to the park. 他去公园了。
They have been in China for three years. 他们在中国待了三年。
素养训练　用have been to、have gone to 或 have been in的正确形式填空。
1.My father 　　　　　　　　Hong Kong. He will come back next week.
2.They 　　　　　　　　the gym since 2 hours ago.
3.—　　　　 she ever 　　　　　　　Paris
—Yes, she has.
We can't wait to share our travel experiences with each other. 我们迫不及待地想要与彼此分享我们的旅行经历。
用法总结　can't wait to do sth是固定短语,意为“迫不及待做某事”,用来表达急切的心情。例如:
I can't wait to watch the new movie. 我迫不及待要看这部新电影了。
知识拓展　
结构 含义
can't wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
can't help doing sth 忍不住做某事
例句:
I can't wait to tell you the news!我迫不及待要告诉你这则消息!
I couldn't help laughing when my teacher told a funny story.当我的老师讲一个有趣的故事时,我忍不住笑了起来。
素养训练　
一、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.The little boy can't wait 　　　　(open) his birthday present.
2.She can't help 　　　　(cry) when she watches the sad movie.
3.We can't wait 　　　　(visit) the Great Wall this summer holiday.
4.He can't help 　　　　(laugh) when he hears the funny joke.
5.They can't wait 　　　　(share) the good news with their classmates.
二、翻译句子。
6.我们迫不及待要开始我们的旅行。
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7.当这个男孩听到豫剧的音乐时,他就忍不住跟着哼唱了起来。
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They have been married for five years.他们已经结婚五年了。
用法总结　have been married是现在完成时的延续性结构,意为“已经结婚(表状态,可与for/since连用)”;而短暂性动词marry不能直接与for/since搭配。例如:
She has been married since 2018. 她2018年就结婚了。
知识拓展　
素养训练　
一、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.Lisa and Tom got 　　　　(marry) in 2020, and they have a lovely child now.
2.The old couple have 　　　　(be) married for over fifty years.
3.Linda's parents hope to marry 　　　　(she) to a kind and honest young man.
二、翻译句子。
4.这对夫妻在十年前结婚了。
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5.自从结婚后,他们就一起分担家务。
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【参考答案】
自主预习
一、
1.anywhere　2.artwork　3.message
4.marry　5.until　6.mix　7.business
二、
1—d　2—e　3—f　4—b　5—c　6—a
三、
1~3　CAD
合作探究
任务驱动一
2.(1) has been　(2)has gone　(3)have been　(4)have been
任务驱动二
1.(1)for　(2)since　(3)be away　have
2.(1)leave　(2)join　(3)borrow　(4)start
任务驱动三
One Possible Version:
　　This winter holiday, my parents and I have gone to Nanjing. We took a high-speed train there. My mum has been to Nanjing several times before, but it was my first visit. We visited the Confucius Temple and tasted many snacks. Now my grandparents have gone to Xi'an to visit my aunt. They have been away for three days. I have been to Xi'an once, and I really miss them!
知识探究
命题点一
1.has gone to　2.have been in　3.Has　been to
命题点二
1.to open　2.crying　3.to visit　4.laughing
5.to share
6.We can't wait to start our trip.
7.When this boy heard the music of Henan Opera, he couldn't help singing along with it.
命题点三
1.married　2.been　3.her
4.The couple got married ten years ago.
5.Since they got married, they have shared the housework together.

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