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(共25张PPT)
No Rules, No Order (Period 3)
Section A (Grammar Focus-3d)
A: We can’t be late for school.
B: Yes, and don’t eat in the classroom.
A: …
Pair work
What rules do we follow at school and in class
queue
jump the queue
feed
leave
absent
n. 队
插队
v. 喂养；饲养
v. 离开；留下
adj. 缺席的；不在的
absent from
shh (= sh)
quietly
belt
noise
缺席；不在
interj. 嘘（用以让别人安静下来）
adv. 轻声地；安静地
n. 安带；腰带；皮带
n. 声音；噪声
Walk in the hallway. Don’t run!
Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter.
Can we bring our phones to class No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers.
Can we eat snacks in class No, we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall.
3a
Read the sentences. Do the verbs in bold need to change forms Why
Walk in the hallway. Don’t run!
Be polite and treat one another with respect.
Grammar Focus
Look at the sentences:
一、祈使句
Grammar Focus
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句最常用于表达命令，因其主语是第二人称 you，且往往被省，因此祈使句一般以动词原形开头。
Go and wash your hands. 去洗洗你的手。（命令）
Be quiet, please. 请安静。（请求）
Practise the guitar every day. 每天练习吉他。（建议）
一、祈使句
Grammar Focus
为了表达委婉的语气，可在句首或句尾加上 please。please 在句尾时要用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
妙指津
Don’t talk in the library, please. 请不要在图书馆说话。
一、祈使句
Grammar Focus
祈使句的基本结构
类型 句式结构 示例
Do型 肯定：动词原形（+ 其他成分）. Stand up. 起立。
否定：Don’t + 动词原形（+ 其他成分）. Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。
Be型 肯定：Be + 表语（+ 其他成分）. Be calm. 冷静。
否定：Don’t + be + 表语（+ 其他成分）. Don’t be stupid. 别犯傻。
Let型 肯定：Let + 宾语 + 动词原形（+ 其他成分）. Let’s go swimming. 咱们去游泳吧。
否定：① Don’t let + 宾语 + 动词原形（+ 其他成分）. ② Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形（+ 其他成分）. Don’t let him go.=Let him not go. 别让他走。
一、祈使句
Grammar Focus
表示禁止，常用于标语、警示语的否定祈使句结构为：“No + 动词-ing形式.”或“No + 可数名词复数形式/不可数名词.”。
妙指津
No smoking. 禁止吸烟。
No photos. 禁止拍照。
________ on the grass, or it will “cry”.
A．To walk　　B．Not to walk　　C．Walk　　D．Don’t walk
D
典例
可用语法判断法解答本题。句意：不要在草地上行走，否则它会“哭”。本句是否定祈使句，否定祈使句在动词原形前加 don’t。
点拨
一、祈使句
Can we bring our phones to class No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers.
Can we eat snacks in class No, we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall.
Grammar Focus
Look at the sentences:
Grammar Focus
二、情态动词can
情态动词 can，表示“能、会、可以”，可以用来征求意见。没有人称和数的变，必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。变否定句时，can 后加 not；变疑问句时，要把 can 提前。
We can’t sleep in class.
—Can we play football in the street
—No, we can’t.
—Excuse me, _______ I borrow this book
—Sure, but you must return it by the end of this term.
A．can　 　B．can’t　　 C．must　 D．mustn’t
可用语法判断法解答本题。句意：——打扰一下，我可以借这本书吗？——当然可以，但你必须在这个学期末还回来”。can“能，会”；can’t“不能”；must“必须”；mustn’t“禁止”。
A
典例
点拨
二、情态动词can
Grammar Focus
Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter. Can we bring our phones to class No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers.
Can we eat snacks in class No, we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall.
Grammar Focus
Look at the sentences:
三、have to 与 must
Grammar Focus
词汇 含义 否定形式及含义 用法 示例
have to 必须，不得不 don’t have to 不必 强调客观需要，带有不情愿的色彩。 有人称、数和时态的变，后面加动词原形 I have to stay at home to look after my sister.
He doesn’t have to do the homework now.
must 必须 mustn’t 禁止 强调主观看法， 没有人称、数和时态的变 You must finish your homework today.
He must go home now.
三、have to 与 must
Grammar Focus
含有have to或has to的句子需要分别借助动词do或does构成疑问句或否定句。
—Do I have to go there now
—Yes, you do. / No, you don’t have to.
must 引导的一般疑问句，将 must 直接提前至句首，其肯定回答为“Yes, ... must.”；否定回答为“No, ... needn’t. / No, ... don’t/doesn’t have to.”，表示“不必”。
—Must I do my homework now
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t/don’t have to.
—Must we wear school uniform everywhere
—No, we ________.
A．don’t have to 　　 B．mustn’t 　　 C．can’t
可用语法判断法解答本题。句意：——在任何场合，我们必须都要穿校服吗？——不，我们不需要。don’t have to “不需要”；mustn’t“禁止”；can’t“不能，不可能”。含有 must 的一般疑问句，其否定回答用“No, ... needn’t. / No, ... don’t/doesn’t have to.”。
A
典例
点拨
三、have to 与 must
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
1. Don’t jump the queue. You _____________ wait your turn.
2. I _____ feed my dog many kinds of food, but I ______ give him
chocolate. It is bad for him!
3. A: Can I leave the classroom if I don’t feel well
B: Yes, but you ________ tell your teacher about it when you ________
be absent from class.
have to / must
can
must
have to
can’t
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
4. A: Hey! Can I look at your book
B: Shh, we _____________ talk quietly in the library.
5. A: Can you put on your seat belt We _____________ wear one when
we’re in a car.
B: Sure. Thanks!
have to / must
have to / must
3c
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
· Do not eat or drink.
· No eating or drinking.
· You can’t / mustn’t eat or drink.
Work in pairs. Choose a sign from 3c. Guess where you can see the sign and then make a conversation with your partner.
A: The picture is so beautiful! I want to take a photo for it.
B: No, you can’t. Look at the sign!
A: What does it mean
B: It means “No photos!”.
A: Oh, I know.
Example:
In a museum …
In groups, brainstorm three rules for one of the places below. Then draw signs to show the rules. Share your signs in class and explain what they mean.
3d
In library, we must keep quiet. We mustn’t make noise. We can’t ...
library school dining hall park cinema hospital
功能
基本用法
情态动词 can
Grammar Focus
have to 与 must
功能
用法区别
功能
基本结构
祈使句
What rules do we follow at the museum Make a conversation with your partner.

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