Unit 3 My hometown 单元知识点梳理 译林版英语七年级下册

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Unit 3 My hometown 单元知识点梳理 译林版英语七年级下册

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Unit 3 My hometown 单元知识点梳理
一、重点单词
1. hometown / h mta n/ n. 家乡;故乡(短语:my beautiful hometown 我美丽的家乡)
2. village / v l d / n. 村庄;乡村(复数:villages;短语:in the village 在村里)
3. city / s ti/ n. 城市;都市(复数:cities;短语:in the city 在城里)
4. countryside / k ntrisa d/ n. 乡村;农村(短语:in the countryside 在农村)
5. mountain / ma nt n/ n. 山;山脉(复数:mountains;短语:climb mountains 爬山)
6. river / r v (r)/ n. 河;江(短语:by the river 在河边)
7. lake /le k/ n. 湖;湖泊(短语:swim in the lake 在湖里游泳)
8. beautiful / bju t fl/ adj. 美丽的;漂亮的(副词:beautifully)
9. modern / m dn/ adj. 现代的;现代化的(反义词:ancient 古老的)
10. quiet / kwa t/ adj. 安静的;宁静的(副词:quietly;反义词:noisy)
11. busy / b zi/ adj. 忙碌的;热闹的(副词:busily;短语:a busy street 一条热闹的街道)
12. clean /kli n/ adj. 干净的;清洁的(动词:clean 打扫;反义词:dirty)
13. population / p pju le n/ n. 人口;人口数量(短语:the population of... ……的人口)
14. famous / fe m s/ adj. 著名的;出名的(短语:be famous for 因……而著名)
15. live /l v/ v. 居住;生活(过去式/过去分词:lived;短语:live in 居住在)
16. enjoy / n d / v. 享受;喜爱(短语:enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事)
17. visit / v z t/ v.&n. 参观;拜访(短语:visit my hometown 参观我的家乡)
18. show / / v. 展示;给……看(过去式/过去分词:showed/shown;短语:show sb. around 带某人参观)
19. especially / spe li/ adv. 尤其;特别(用于强调)
20. fresh /fre / adj. 新鲜的(短语:fresh air 新鲜空气)
21. friendly / frendli/ adj. 友好的(比较级:friendlier;短语:be friendly to sb. 对某人友好)
22. ancient / e n nt/ adj. 古老的;古代的(反义词:modern)
23. walk /w k/ v.&n. 步行;散步(短语:go for a walk 去散步)
24. take /te k/ v. 乘坐(交通工具);拿(过去式:took;短语:take a bus 乘公交车)
25. everywhere / evriwe (r)/ adv. 到处;处处(同义词:here and there)
二、重点短语
1. my hometown 我的家乡
2. in the countryside 在农村
3. in the city 在城市里
4. be famous for 因……而著名
5. go for a walk 去散步
6. take a bus 乘公交车
7. show sb. around 带某人参观
8. enjoy the fresh air 享受新鲜空气
9. the population of... ……的人口
10. on weekends 在周末
11. by the river 在河边
12. climb mountains 爬山
13. such as 例如;比如
14. live in 居住在
15. a quiet village 一个宁静的村庄
16. a busy street 一条热闹的街道
17. friendly people 友好的人们
18. ancient buildings 古老的建筑
19. modern shops 现代化的商店
20. all year round 全年;一年到头
三、重点句型
1. —Where is your hometown
—It’s a small village in the south of China.
(—你的家乡在哪里?—它是中国南方的一个小村庄。)
2. —What’s your hometown like
—It’s very quiet and the air is fresh.
(—你的家乡是什么样的?—它很宁静,空气很新鲜。)
3. My hometown is famous for its delicious rice noodles.
(我的家乡以美味的米线而闻名。)
4. There is a beautiful lake near my village.
(我的村庄附近有一个美丽的湖。)
5. I love living here because the people are very friendly.
(我喜欢住在这里,因为人们很友好。)
6. The population of my city is about 500,000.
(我的城市人口大约有50万。)
7. You can climb mountains or go fishing on weekends here.
(在这里你可以在周末爬山或者钓鱼。)
8. Let me show you around my hometown.
(让我带你参观我的家乡。)
9. It’s a modern city with many tall buildings.
(它是一个有许多高楼的现代化城市。)
10. I often take a walk by the river after dinner.
(我经常晚饭后在河边散步。)
四、重点词汇辨析
1. city, town & village
词汇 含义与用法 例句
city 指较大的城市,人口密集,基础设施完善 Shanghai is a big modern city in China.(上海是中国的一个现代化大城市。)
town 指规模介于城市与村庄之间的城镇 My uncle lives in a small town near Nanjing.(我叔叔住在南京附近的一个小镇上。)
village 指农村聚居的村庄,规模最小,以农业为主 My hometown is a quiet village with green hills.(我的家乡是一个有青山的宁静村庄。)
2. live & stay
词汇 含义与用法 例句
live 表示长期居住、生活在某地 I live in Beijing with my parents.(我和父母住在北京。)
stay 表示短期停留、暂住某地 I will stay in my hometown for a week this summer.(今年夏天我会在家乡待一周。)
3. beautiful, pretty & nice
词汇 含义与用法 例句
beautiful 强调视觉上的美感,可用于人、景物、事物,程度较强 The lake in my hometown is very beautiful.(我家乡的湖非常美丽。)
pretty 多用于形容小巧可爱的人或事物,语气柔和 The little girl in the village is very pretty.(村里的小女孩很可爱。)
nice 指令人愉快的,可形容人、天气、食物等,范围广 The weather in my hometown is nice in spring.(我家乡春天的天气很宜人。)
4. population的特殊用法
词汇 含义与用法 例句
population 集合名词,指人口数量,作主语时谓语动词用单数;描述人口多少用large/small,不用many/much The population of this city is over one million.(这座城市的人口超过一百万。) China has a large population.(中国人口众多。)
五、重点语法
1. 特殊疑问句(询问家乡的位置、特征等)
常用疑问词:where(位置)、what(特征)、why(原因)、how(活动方式)
典型句式:
① 询问位置:Where is your hometown (你的家乡在哪里?)
② 询问特征:What’s your hometown like (你的家乡是什么样的?)
③ 询问原因:Why do you love your hometown so much (你为什么这么爱你的家乡?)
④ 询问活动:What can you do in your hometown on holidays (假期你在家乡可以做什么?)
2. There be句型(描述家乡的景物)
含义:表示“某地有某物”,be动词单复数遵循“就近原则”
句式结构:
① 肯定句:There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语
例:There is an old tree in the center of the village.(村庄中心有一棵老树。)
② 肯定句:There are + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语
例:There are many small houses around the lake.(湖边有许多小房子。)
③ 否定句:There isn’t/aren’t + 名词 + 地点状语
例:There isn’t a supermarket in our village.(我们村里没有超市。)
3. 一般现在时(表达对家乡的感受与日常活动)
用于描述长期状态或经常性动作
例:I love my hometown very much.(我非常爱我的家乡。)
We often pick apples on the hill in autumn.(秋天我们经常在山上摘苹果。)
4. 形容词的比较级(对比不同家乡的特征)
用于两者之间的比较,常见结构:A + be + 比较级 + than + B
例:My hometown is quieter than the big city.(我的家乡比大城市更宁静。)
The river in my hometown is cleaner than that in the town.(我家乡的河比镇上的河更干净。)
六、写作指导(介绍家乡类短文)
1. 写作结构
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 引出家乡的名称、位置,点明整体特征 My hometown is a small village called Xishan. It’s in the west of Zhejiang. It’s a peaceful place with green hills and clear rivers.
主体 分点描述家乡的景物、特色产业、人们的生活,结合具体场景 First, there are hundreds of tea hills in my hometown. We are famous for green tea, and many visitors come to pick tea every spring. Second, the people here are hard-working and friendly. They grow tea and rice, and they often share their homemade food with neighbors. Third, I often climb the small hill behind my house to watch the sunset. It’s the most beautiful moment of the day.
结尾 表达对家乡的热爱,或对家乡未来的期许 I love my hometown deeply. I hope it will keep its beauty and more people can know about our delicious green tea.
2. 范文示例
My Hometown
My hometown is a small village in the east of Sichuan. It’s not well-known, but it’s the warmest place for me.
There is a clear river running through the village. In summer, we children often play in the river, catching small fish and picking smooth stones. The hills around the village are covered with bamboo forests. Every winter, my grandpa cuts bamboo to make baskets, and we sell them in the town nearby. The people here are very friendly. When someone has a problem, all the neighbors will come to help. I often eat dinner at my aunt’s house, and she always makes my favorite spicy tofu.
I love my hometown. It’s not rich or modern, but it has the freshest air, the kindest people, and my happiest memories. I will never forget it.

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