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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单词解析四
1.curious(形容词)好奇的，求知欲强的
[用法讲解] curious在句中常作定语和表语。
Eg: She is a curious child, always asking questions.
她是个好奇的孩子，总是问个不停。
Babies are curious about everything around them.
宝宝对周围的一切都很好奇。
[常见搭配] be curious about... 对...感到好奇的
be curious to do sth. 很想做某事
be curious that从句 奇怪的是
Eg: I'm curious about your plans for the future.
我对你未来的计划感到好奇。
He was curious to know the result of the exam.
他很想指导考试的结果。
It's curious that he didn't show up for the meeting.
奇怪的是他没有出席会议。
[派生词] curiosity为不可数名词，译为"好奇心".
Eg: Her curiosity about the world never ceases.
她对世界的好奇心从未停止。
[即学即用]
I'm ________(curiosity) about your opinion on this matter.
答案：curious
2.traveller(名词)旅行者，游客
[用法讲解] traveller为可数名词，其复数形式为travellers.
Eg: The traveller was well - equipped for the long journey.
这位旅行者为长途旅行做好了充分准备。
[常见搭配] passing traveller 过客
Eg: He was just a passing traveller, but he left a deep impression on me.
他只是一个过客，但他给我留下了深刻的印象。
[派生词]travel为动词，译为"旅行".
Eg: She loves to travel and explore new cultures.
她喜欢旅行和探索新的文化。
[易混辨析] traveller与tourist区别：
traveller强调移动性和旅行行为本身，不限定旅行目的或方式；
tourist特指以休闲度假为目的的游客群体，常与旅游配备设施相关联。
Eg: The business traveller checked into a hotel.
商务旅行者入住酒店。
The tourist attraction was crowded with visitors.
旅游景点挤满了游客。
[即学即用]
The company provides travel insurance for its employees who are frequent ___________(travel).
答案：travellers
3.natural(形容词)自然的，天然的，天生的
[用法讲解] natural为形容词，在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: Man has dominion over the natural world.
人类拥有对自然界的统治权。
It's natural that he should succeed.
他成功是理所当然的。
[派生词]nature在此处为名词，译为"自然",此时为不可数名词；nature作名词还可以为"本性，本质，类型"，此时为可数名词。
Eg: The beauty of nature is breathtaking.
大自然的美令人惊叹。
He has a kind nature.
他有善良的本性。
The nature of this problem is very complex.
这个问题的本质非常复杂。
I like books of this nature.
我喜欢这类书。
[常见搭配] human nature 人性
by nature 天生地
nature reserve 自然保护区
Eg:Understanding human nature is important for writers.
理解人性对作家来说很重要。
She is very optimistic by nature.
她天性非常乐观。
Many rare animals live in the nature reserve.
许多珍稀动物生活在自然保护区里。
[即学即用]
We camped in a__________(nature) park last year.
答案：natural
4.underwater(形容词)水下的，用于水下的；(副词)在水下
[用法讲解] underwater作形容词时，在句中常作定语或表语；underwater作副词时用来修饰动词。
Eg:The underwater world is full of mysteries.
水下世界充满了神秘。
Dolphins can swim underwater for a long time.
海豚能在水下长时间游动。
[常见搭配] underwater ecosystem 水下生态系统
Eg:Coral reefs are vital components of underwater ecosystems.
珊瑚礁是水下生态系统的重要组成部分。
[即学即用]
An____________(水下的)camera is necessary for diving photography.
答案：underwater
5.northeastern(形容词)东北的，东北方向的
[用法讲解] northeastern在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: The northeastern part of the country has a cold climate.
这个国家的东北部气候寒冷。
[即学即用]
The___________(东北部的) city is famous for its industrial heritage.
答案：northeastern
6.coast(名词)海岸，海滨
[用法讲解] coast为可数名词，其复数形式为coasts.
Eg:The coast is lined with hotels and restaurants.
海岸边排列着许多旅馆和餐馆。
[常见搭配] on the coast 在海岸上
along the coast 沿着海岸
off the coast 在海岸附近
Eg: There are many fishing villages on the coast.
沿海有许多渔村。
We took a walk along the coast.
我们沿着海岸散步。
There are some islands off the coast.
海岸附近有一些岛屿。
[派生词] coastal为形容词，译为"沿海的".
Eg: The coastal breeze felt refreshing after a hot day.
炎热的天气过后，沿海的微风让人感到清爽。
[易混辨析] bank,beach, coast, shore与 seaside区别
bank通常指河岸，湖岸或堤岸，有一定坡度；
beach指被海，湖或河水冲刷形成的沙滩或卵石滩；
coast指沿海陆地的尽头；
shore指仅靠大湖泊或海洋的陆地边缘；
seaside特指疗养地或游览地区的海边。
[即学即用]
The ________(海岸) of California is famous for its beaches.
答案：coast
7.coral(名词)珊瑚，珊瑚虫
[用法讲解] coral常为不可数名词，但在表示"单个珊瑚虫，珊瑚制品"时为可数名词，其复数形式为corals;coral还可为形容词，译为"珊瑚色的".
Eg:The ocean floor is covered with colourful coral.
海底布满彩色珊瑚。
She wore a coral dress to the party.
她穿着珊瑚色连衣裙参加派对。
[常见搭配] coral reef 珊瑚礁
Eg: Pollution harms coral reefs every year.
污染每年都危害珊瑚。
[即学即用]
We must protect the________(珊瑚) in the ocean.
答案：coral
8.reef(名词)礁，礁脉
[用法讲解] reef常为可数名词，其复数形式为reefs;reef还可为动词，译为"缩帆，收拢".
Eg: The boat hit a reef and sank.
船撞上暗礁沉没了。
The captain reefed the sails to slow down the ship.
船长收起部分船帆以减低船速。
[常见搭配] Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁
Eg: Australia's Great Barrier Reef is famous worldwide.
澳大利亚大堡礁闻名全球。
[即学即用]
Divers explored the vibrant coral r______.
答案：reef
9.include(动词)包含，包括
[用法讲解]include强调将事物作为整体的一部分纳入范围或类别。
注意："including+名词"，相当于介词，译为"其中包含...";
"名词+included"，相当于形容词，译为"包含的".
Eg: The package includes a book and a CD.
包裹里包含一本书和一张CD.
Five people were injured, including two children.
五人受伤，其中包括两名儿童。
The price is $100, postage included.
价格100美元，含邮费。
[常见搭配] include doing sth. 包括做某事
be included in... 被包含在...内
Eg: My job includes answering emails.
我的工作包括答复邮件。
Your name is included in the list.
你的名字在名单上。
[派生词] inclusion为名词，译为"包含的行为或状态".
Eg: The company promotes diversity and inclusion.
公司倡导多样性与包容性。
[即学即用]
Many factors,_________(include) weather and traffic, can affect the delivery time.
答案：including
10.sand(名词)沙子
[用法讲解] sand作不可数名词时，译为"沙子";sand作可数名词时，译为"沙滩，沙地",其复数形式为sands;sand还可作动词，译为"铺沙于".
Eg: A grain of sand can start a landslide.
一粒沙可以引发山体滑坡。
The sands of the beach are soft and warm.
海滩的沙子柔软而温暖。
The icy roads were sanded after the storm.
暴风雪过后，冰冻的道路被撒上了沙。
[派生词]sandy为形容词，译为"含沙的，铺满沙子的".
Eg:The Sahara is a sandy desert.
撒哈拉是沙质沙漠。
[即学即用]
The riverbed is covered with_________(sand) sediment.
答案：sandy
11.alive(形容词)活着，在世，有活力
[用法讲解] alive在句中常作表语。
Eg: He must be still alive.
他一定还活着。
My grandfather is more alive than a lot of young people.
我爷爷比许多年轻人还有活力。
[常见搭配] be alive with ... 充满，到处是
come alive 活跃起来
stay alive 活着
alive and well 建在的，安然无恙的
Eg: The woods are alive with birds.
树林中到处是鸟。
The story came alive in his retelling.
在他的复述下，故事变得生动起来。
The policeman has caught the murderer alive.
警察已将凶手生擒。
The old man is still living and well.
这位老人还建在且安好。
[易混辨析] alive,living,lovely及lively区别
lively强调其生机，有活力的特性；
alive强调生命的存在或活力，通常用于描述物体或人的生存状态；
living强调生物体的生存状态，也可指生活方式或居住环境；
lovely强调可爱或令人愉悦的特质，常用来形容人或物给人的美好感觉。
Eg: She had a sweet, lively personality.
她的性格可爱活泼。
We don't know whether he's alive or dead.
我们不知道他是死是活。
She is a living legend.
她是一个活生生的传奇人物。
She is a lovely girl.
她是一个可爱的女孩。
[即学即用]
( )She is a______ girl who is easy - going.
A.lovely B.alive C.living D. lively
答案：D
12.structure(名词)结构，构造，体系
[用法讲解]structure为可数名词，其复数形式为structures;structure还可为动词，译为"计划，组织，安排"等。
Eg: The Eiffel Tower's steel structure is iconic.
埃菲尔铁塔的钢结构具有标志性。
The company's management structure needs optimization.
公司管理体系需优化。
Students should structure their study time effectively.
学生应合理规划学习时间。
[常见搭配] social structure 社会结构
economic structure 经济结构
Eg: The social structure of ancient Rome was complex.
古罗马的社会结构很复杂。
The economic structure of the country needs reform.
该国的经济结构需要改革。
[派生词] structural为形容词，译为"结构的";
structured为形容词，译为"结构化的".
Eg: The structural integrity of the building was compromised.
建筑物的结构完整性受到了损害。
The survey included both structured and open -ended questions.
调查包括结构化问题和开放式问题。
[即学即用]
The story has a clear___________(结构):a beginning, middle and end.
答案：structure
13.snorkel(动词)使用呼吸管潜泳；(名词)呼吸管
[用法讲解] snorkel为可数名词，其复数形式为snorkels.
Eg: We snorkeled around the coral reef and saw many colorful fish.
我们在珊瑚礁周围浮潜，看到了许多色彩斑斓的鱼。
Children love snorkeling in shallow water with a snorkel.
孩子们喜欢戴着呼吸管在浅水区浮潜。
[常见搭配] go snorkeling 去付钱
Eg: We decided to go snorkeling on our vacation.
我们决定在假期去浮潜。
[即学即用]
She wore a__________(呼吸管)and explored the underwater scenery.
答案：snorkel
14.school(名词)(鱼，鲸，海豚等的)群
[用法讲解] school为可数名词，其复数形式为schools，还可译为"学校，学派"等。
Eg: She studies at a public school.
她在公立学校上学。
This theory belongs to the Chicago School of economics.
该理论属于经济学芝加哥学派。
We saw a shimmering school of fish near the coral reef.
我们在珊瑚礁附近看到一片善良的鱼群。
[常见搭配] finish school 完成学业
school year/ term 学年/学期
a school of... 一群...
Eg: She finished school and started working at 18.
她18岁完成学业并开始工作。
The school year starts in September and ends in June.
学年从9月开始，6月结束。
A school of dolphins swam alongside the boat.
一群海豚在船边游。
[即学即用]
他的音乐声引来了一群海豚。
The sound of his music attracted _____________dolphins.
答案：a school of
15.turtle(名词)海龟，龟
[用法讲解] turtle为可数名词，其复数形式为turtles.
Eg: The turtle crawled slowly across the sand.
乌龟慢慢地爬过沙滩。
[即学即用]
A________(乌龟) can live for a very long time.
答案：turtle
16.lifetime(名词)一生，终身
[用法讲解] lifetime常为不可数名词；lifetime还可为可数名词，此时译为"有效期，使用周期"，其复数形式为lifetimes.
Eg: During her lifetime, she never gave up her dream.
在她的一生中，她从未放弃梦想。
The satellite has a lifetime of 10 years.
卫星寿命为十年。
[常见搭配] in one's lifetime 在某人的一生中
Eg:He achieved great success in his lifetime.
他在一生中取得了巨大的成功。
[即学即用]
She dedicated her__________(一生)to helping others.
答案：lifetime
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共41张PPT)
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
八年级
人教2026春
下
单词解析 四
1.curious(形容词)好奇的，求知欲强的
[用法讲解]curious在句中常作定语和表语。
Eg: She is a curious child, always asking questions.
她是个好奇的孩子，总是问个不停。
Babies are curious about everything around them.
宝宝对周围的一切都很好奇。
[常见搭配]be curious about...对...感到好奇的
be curious to do sth.很想做某事
be curious that从句奇怪的是
Eg: I'm curious about your plans for the future.
我对你未来的计划感到好奇。
He was curious to know the result of the exam.
他很想指导考试的结果。
It's curious that he didn't show up for the meeting.
奇怪的是他没有出席会议。
[派生词] curiosity为不可数名词，译为"好奇心".
Eg: Her curiosity about the world never ceases.
她对世界的好奇心从未停止。
[即学即用]
I'm ________(curiosity) about your opinion on this matter.
curious
2.traveller(名词)旅行者，游客
[用法讲解]traveller为可数名词，其复数形式为travellers.
Eg: The traveller was well - equipped for the long journey.
这位旅行者为长途旅行做好了充分准备。
[常见搭配] passing traveller过客
Eg: He was just a passing traveller, but he left a deep impression on me.
他只是一个过客，但他给我留下了深刻的印象。
[派生词]travel为动词，译为"旅行".
Eg: She loves to travel and explore new cultures.
她喜欢旅行和探索新的文化。
[易混辨析]traveller与tourist区别：
traveller强调移动性和旅行行为本身，不限定旅行目的或方式；
tourist特指以休闲度假为目的的游客群体，常与旅游配备设施相关联。
Eg: The business traveller checked into a hotel.
商务旅行者入住酒店。
The tourist attraction was crowded with visitors.
旅游景点挤满了游客。
[即学即用]
The company provides travel insurance for its employees who are frequent___________(travel).
travellers
3.natural(形容词)自然的，天然的，天生的
[用法讲解]natural为形容词，在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: Man has dominion over the natural world.
人类拥有对自然界的统治权。
It's natural that he should succeed.
他成功是理所当然的。
[派生词]nature在此处为名词，译为"自然",此时为不可数名词；nature作名词还可以为"本性，本质，类型"，此时为可数名词。
Eg: The beauty of nature is breathtaking.
大自然的美令人惊叹。
He has a kind nature.
他有善良的本性。
The nature of this problem is very complex.
这个问题的本质非常复杂。
I like books of this nature.
我喜欢这类书。
[常见搭配]human nature人性
by nature天生地
nature reserve自然保护区
Eg:Understanding human nature is important for writers.
理解人性对作家来说很重要。
She is very optimistic by nature.
她天性非常乐观。
Many rare animals live in the nature reserve.
许多珍稀动物生活在自然保护区里。
[即学即用]
We camped in a__________(nature) park last year.
natural
4.underwater(形容词)水下的，用于水下的；(副词)在水下
[用法讲解]underwater作形容词时，在句中常作定语或表语；underwater作副词时用来修饰动词。
Eg:The underwater world is full of mysteries.
水下世界充满了神秘。
Dolphins can swim underwater for a long time.
海豚能在水下长时间游动。
[常见搭配]underwater ecosystem水下生态系统
Eg:Coralreefs arevital components of underwater ecosystems.
珊瑚礁是水下生态系统的重要组成部分。
[即学即用]
An____________(水下的)camera is necessary for diving photography.
underwater
5.northeastern(形容词)东北的，东北方向的
[用法讲解]northeastern在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: The northeastern part of the country has a cold climate.
这个国家的东北部气候寒冷。
[即学即用]
The___________(东北部的) city is famous for its industrial heritage.
northeastern
6.coast(名词)海岸，海滨
[用法讲解]coast为可数名词，其复数形式为coasts.
Eg:The coast is lined with hotels and restaurants.
海岸边排列着许多旅馆和餐馆。
[常见搭配]on the coast在海岸上
along the coast沿着海岸
off the coast在海岸附近
Eg: There are many fishing villages on the coast.
沿海有许多渔村。
We took a walk along the coast.
我们沿着海岸散步。
There are some islands off the coast.
海岸附近有一些岛屿。
[派生词] coastal为形容词，译为"沿海的".
Eg: The coastal breeze felt refreshing after a hot day.
炎热的天气过后，沿海的微风让人感到清爽。
[易混辨析]bank,beach, coast, shore与seaside区别
bank通常指河岸，湖岸或堤岸，有一定坡度；
beach指被海，湖或河水冲刷形成的沙滩或卵石滩；
coast指沿海陆地的尽头；
shore指仅靠大湖泊或海洋的陆地边缘；
seaside特指疗养地或游览地区的海边。
[即学即用]
The ________(海岸) of California is famous for its beaches.
coast
7.coral(名词)珊瑚，珊瑚虫
[用法讲解] coral常为不可数名词，但在表示"单个珊瑚虫，珊瑚制品"时为可数名词，其复数形式为corals;coral还可为形容词，译为"珊瑚色的".
Eg:The oceanfloor is covered with colourful coral.
海底布满彩色珊瑚。
She wore a coral dress to the party.
她穿着珊瑚色连衣裙参加派对。
[常见搭配]coral reef珊瑚礁
Eg: Pollution harms coral reefs every year.
污染每年都危害珊瑚。
[即学即用]
We must protect the________(珊瑚) in the ocean.
coral
8.reef(名词)礁，礁脉
[用法讲解]reef常为可数名词，其复数形式为reefs;reef还可为动词，译为"缩帆，收拢".
Eg: The boat hit a reef and sank.
船撞上暗礁沉没了。
The captain reefed the sails to slow down the ship.
船长收起部分船帆以减低船速。
[常见搭配]Great Barrier Reef大堡礁
Eg: Australia's Great Barrier Reef is famous worldwide.
澳大利亚大堡礁闻名全球。
[即学即用]
Divers explored the vibrant coral r______.
eef
9.include(动词)包含，包括
[用法讲解]include强调将事物作为整体的一部分纳入范围或类别。
注意："including+名词"，相当于介词，译为"其中包含...";
"名词+included"，相当于形容词，译为"包含的".
Eg: The package includes a book and a CD.
包裹里包含一本书和一张CD.
Five people were injured, including two children.
五人受伤，其中包括两名儿童。
The price is $100, postage included.
价格100美元，含邮费。
[常见搭配]include doing sth.包括做某事
be included in...被包含在...内
Eg: My job includes answering emails.
我的工作包括答复邮件。
Your name is included in the list.
你的名字在名单上。
[派生词] inclusion为名词，译为"包含的行为或状态".
Eg:Thecompanypromotesdiversityand inclusion.
公司倡导多样性与包容性。
[即学即用]
Many factors,_________(include) weather and traffic, can affect the delivery time.
including
10.sand(名词)沙子
[用法讲解]sand作不可数名词时，译为"沙子";sand作可数名词时，译为"沙滩，沙地",其复数形式为sands;sand还可作动词，译为"铺沙于".
Eg: A grain of sand can start a landslide.
一粒沙可以引发山体滑坡。
The sands of the beach are soft and warm.
海滩的沙子柔软而温暖。
The icy roads were sanded after the storm.
暴风雪过后，冰冻的道路被撒上了沙。
[派生词]sandy为形容词，译为"含沙的，铺满沙子的".
Eg:The Sahara is a sandy desert.
撒哈拉是沙质沙漠。
[即学即用]
The riverbed is covered with_________(sand) sediment.
sandy
11.alive(形容词)活着，在世，有活力
[用法讲解]alive在句中常作表语。
Eg: He must be still alive.
他一定还活着。
My grandfather is more alive than a lot of young people.
我爷爷比许多年轻人还有活力。
[常见搭配]be alive with ...充满，到处是
come alive活跃起来
stay alive活着
alive and well建在的，安然无恙的
Eg: The woods are alive with birds.
树林中到处是鸟。
The story came alive in his retelling.
在他的复述下，故事变得生动起来。
Thepoliceman has caught the murderer alive.
警察已将凶手生擒。
The old man is still living and well.
这位老人还建在且安好。
[易混辨析] alive,living,lovely及lively区别
lively强调其生机，有活力的特性；
alive强调生命的存在或活力，通常用于描述物体或人的生存状态；
living强调生物体的生存状态，也可指生活方式或居住环境；
lovely强调可爱或令人愉悦的特质，常用来形容人或物给人的美好感觉。
Eg: She had a sweet, lively personality.
她的性格可爱活泼。
We don't know whether he's alive or dead.
我们不知道他是死是活。
She is a living legend.
她是一个活生生的传奇人物。
She is a lovely girl.
她是一个可爱的女孩。
[即学即用]
( )She is a______ girl who is easy - going.
A.lovely B.alive C.living D. lively
D
12.structure(名词)结构，构造，体系
[用法讲解]structure为可数名词，其复数形式为structures;structure还可为动词，译为"计划，组织，安排"等。
Eg: The Eiffel Tower's steelstructure is iconic.
埃菲尔铁塔的钢结构具有标志性。
Thecompany's management structure needs optimization.
公司管理体系需优化。
Students should structure their study time effectively.
学生应合理规划学习时间。
[常见搭配]social structure社会结构
economic structure经济结构
Eg: The social structure of ancient Rome was complex.
古罗马的社会结构很复杂。
The economic structure of the country needs reform.
该国的经济结构需要改革。
[派生词]structural为形容词，译为"结构的";
structured为形容词，译为"结构化的".
Eg: The structural integrity of the building was compromised.
建筑物的结构完整性受到了损害。
The survey included both structuredandopen -ended questions.
调查包括结构化问题和开放式问题。
[即学即用]
The story has a clear___________(结构):a beginning, middle and end.
structure
13.snorkel(动词)使用呼吸管潜泳；(名词)呼吸管
[用法讲解]snorkel为可数名词，其复数形式为snorkels.
Eg: We snorkeled around the coral reef and saw many colorful fish.
我们在珊瑚礁周围浮潜，看到了许多色彩斑斓的鱼。
Children love snorkeling in shallow water with a snorkel.
孩子们喜欢戴着呼吸管在浅水区浮潜。
[常见搭配]go snorkeling去付钱
Eg: We decided to go snorkeling on our vacation.
我们决定在假期去浮潜。
[即学即用]
She wore a__________(呼吸管)and explored the underwater scenery.
snorkel
14.school(名词)(鱼，鲸，海豚等的)群
[用法讲解]school为可数名词，其复数形式为schools，还可译为"学校，学派"等。
Eg: She studies at a public school.
她在公立学校上学。
This theory belongs to the Chicago School of economics.
该理论属于经济学芝加哥学派。
We saw a shimmering school of fish near the coral reef.
我们在珊瑚礁附近看到一片善良的鱼群。
[常见搭配]finish school完成学业
school year/ term学年/学期
a school of...一群...
Eg: She finished school and started working at 18.
她18岁完成学业并开始工作。
The school year starts in September and ends in June.
学年从9月开始，6月结束。
A school of dolphins swam alongside the boat.
一群海豚在船边游。
[即学即用]
他的音乐声引来了一群海豚。
The sound of his music attracted _____________dolphins.
a school of
15.turtle(名词)海龟，龟
[用法讲解]turtle为可数名词，其复数形式为turtles.
Eg: The turtle crawled slowly across the sand.
乌龟慢慢地爬过沙滩。
[即学即用]
A________(乌龟) can live for a very long time.
turtle
16.lifetime(名词)一生，终身
[用法讲解] lifetime常为不可数名词；lifetime还可为可数名词，此时译为"有效期，使用周期"，其复数形式为lifetimes.
Eg: During her lifetime, she never gave up her dream.
在她的一生中，她从未放弃梦想。
The satellite has a lifetime of 10 years.
卫星寿命为十年。
[常见搭配]in one's lifetime在某人的一生中
Eg:He achieved great success in his lifetime.
他在一生中取得了巨大的成功。
[即学即用]
She dedicated her__________(一生)to helping others.
lifetime
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