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Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand 单元知识点梳理
一、重点单词
1. help /help/ v.&n. 帮助；帮忙（短语：help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事；help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人；ask for help 求助）
2. volunteer / v l n t (r)/ v. 自愿做；志愿 n. 志愿者（短语：volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事；a volunteer worker 一名志愿者工作者）
3. lend /lend/ v. 借出；借给（过去式/过去分词：lent；短语：lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人）
4. borrow / b r / v. 借入；借用（短语：borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借入某物）
5. carry / k ri/ v. 提；搬；扛（短语：carry heavy things 搬重物；carry out 执行）
6. offer / f (r)/ v. 主动提出；提供（短语：offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事；offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物）
7. fix /f ks/ v. 修理；安装（短语：fix the broken bike 修理坏自行车；fix up 修理；装饰）
8. broken / br k n/ adj. 破损的；残缺的（动词原形：break；短语：a broken window 一扇破窗户）
9. lonely / l nli/ adj. 孤独的；寂寞的（短语：feel lonely 感到孤独；the lonely elderly 孤独的老人）
10. raise /re z/ v. 筹集；提升；养育（短语：raise money 筹钱；raise one's hand 举手）
11. donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠；赠送（名词：donation 捐赠；短语：donate sth. to... 把某物捐赠给……）
12. elder / eld (r)/ adj. 年纪较大的 n. 长辈（短语：elder people 老年人；my elder sister 我的姐姐）
13. clean /kli n/ v. 打扫；清理 adj. 干净的（短语：clean up 打扫干净；clean the room 打扫房间）
14. repair /r pe (r)/ v.&n. 修理；修补（近义词：fix；短语：repair the TV 修理电视）
15. grateful / ɡre tf l/ adj. 感激的；感谢的（短语：be grateful to sb. 感激某人；be grateful for sth. 因某事感激）
16. kindness / ka ndn s/ n. 仁慈；善良；好意（形容词：kind；短语：show kindness to sb. 对某人表示友善）
munity /k mju n ti/ n. 社区；社群（复数：communities；短语：community service 社区服务）
18. trouble / tr bl/ n. 麻烦；困难 v. 使烦恼（短语：in trouble 处于困境中；have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难）
19. cheer /t (r)/ v. 欢呼；使高兴（短语：cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来；cheer for 为……欢呼）
20. give /ɡ v/ v. 给；赠送（过去式/过去分词：gave/given；短语：give away 赠送；分发；give up 放弃）
二、重点短语
1. lend a helping hand 伸出援手；帮忙
2. ask for help 寻求帮助
3. offer help 提供帮助
4. help sb. do sth. / help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
5. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
6. lend sb. sth. / lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
7. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借入某物
8. carry heavy things 搬重物
9. fix up 修理；装饰
10. clean up 打扫干净；清理
11. cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来
12. raise money 筹钱
13. donate sth. to... 把某物捐赠给……
14. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
15. visit the elderly 看望老人
16. look after / take care of 照顾；照料
17. in trouble 处于困境中
18. thanks for doing sth. 感谢做某事
19. be grateful to sb. 感激某人
20. show kindness to sb. 对某人友善
21. community service 社区服务
22. fix the broken bike 修理坏自行车
23. give away old clothes 捐赠旧衣服
24. help with housework 帮忙做家务
25. pick up litter 捡垃圾
三、重点句型
1. —Can you help me carry this box
—Sure, no problem.
（—你能帮我搬这个箱子吗？—当然，没问题。）
2. I can help you with your English homework.
（我可以帮你做英语作业。）
3. Let's volunteer to clean up the community park this weekend.
（这周末我们自愿去打扫社区公园吧。）
4. Would you like to offer some help to the lonely old man
（你愿意给那位孤独的老人提供一些帮助吗？）
5. Thanks a lot for helping me fix my broken bike.
（非常感谢你帮我修理坏自行车。）
6. It's kind of you to donate so many books to the children in the village.
（你真好，给村里的孩子们捐赠了这么多书。）
7. When someone is in trouble, we should give them a hand.
（当有人处于困境时，我们应该伸出援手。）
8. Why not raise some money for the sick kid
（为什么不为那个生病的孩子筹点钱呢？）
9. I borrowed a storybook from the school library yesterday.
（我昨天从学校图书馆借了一本故事书。）
10. She lent her pen to me because I forgot mine.
（她把她的笔借给我了，因为我忘了带自己的。）
四、重点词汇辨析
1. lend & borrow
词汇 含义与用法 例句
lend 表示“借出”，主语是借出者，常用搭配lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. I lent my umbrella to Lily because it was raining.（因为下雨，我把伞借给了莉莉。）
borrow 表示“借入”，主语是借入者，常用搭配borrow sth. from sb. I borrowed a dictionary from my teacher.（我从老师那里借了一本字典。）
2. lonely & alone
词汇 含义与用法 例句
lonely 形容词，指“孤独的、寂寞的”，强调内心的情感感受，可作表语或定语 The old man lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.（这位老人独自生活，但他不感到孤独。）
alone 形容词或副词，指“独自的、单独地”，强调客观上独自一人的状态 She went to the park alone yesterday.（她昨天独自去了公园。）
3. help with & help (to) do
词汇 含义与用法 例句
help with 后接名词或代词，指“在某方面帮助某人” My mom helps me with my math every evening.（我妈妈每天晚上帮我学数学。）
help (to) do 后接动词原形，指“帮助某人做具体的动作”，to可以省略 My friend helped me (to) carry the heavy box upstairs.（我的朋友帮我把重箱子搬到楼上。）
4. thanks for & thank you for
词汇 含义与用法 例句
thanks for 后接名词、代词或动名词，口语化表达，用于感谢他人的行为 Thanks for your kind help.（感谢你友善的帮助。） Thanks for coming to my party.（感谢你来我的派对。）
thank you for 与thanks for用法一致，语气更正式礼貌 Thank you for donating so many books to our school.（感谢你给我们学校捐赠这么多书。）
五、重点语法
1. 情态动词can/could表请求与提供帮助
含义：can用于口语中提出请求或主动提供帮助，语气直接；could是can的委婉形式，用于更礼貌地提出请求。
句式结构：
① 请求帮助：Can/Could you (please) do sth.
例：Could you please help me fix my bike （你能帮我修自行车吗？）
② 提供帮助：Can I help you / What can I do for you
例：Can I help you carry those bags （我能帮你提那些袋子吗？）
③ 回答请求：肯定回答Sure./Of course./No problem.；否定回答Sorry, I can't. I have to...
例：—Can you help me with my homework —Sure, let's start now.
2. 提建议的句型（鼓励帮助他人）
常见结构：
① Let's + 动词原形 + 其他（号召性强，表“我们一起做某事”）
例：Let's visit the elderly in the nursing home this Sunday.（这周日我们去养老院看望老人吧。）
② Why not + 动词原形 + 其他？= Why don't we + 动词原形 + 其他？（委婉提建议，表“为什么不……呢？”）
例：Why not donate our old toys to the children in need （为什么不把我们的旧玩具捐赠给有需要的孩子呢？）
③ You should + 动词原形 + 其他（给出合理建议，表“你应该……”）
例：You should help your parents with housework at home.（你应该在家帮父母做家务。）
3. 动词不定式作宾语或宾语补足语
作宾语：volunteer, offer, want, hope等动词后接动词不定式作宾语
例：She volunteers to teach the kids English every weekend.（她每个周末自愿教孩子们英语。）
作宾语补足语：help后接动词不定式作宾补时，to可省略
例：My teacher helps me (to) practice my spoken English.（我的老师帮我练习英语口语。）
六、写作指导（介绍助人经历/号召乐于助人）
1. 写作结构
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 点明帮助他人的意义，引出主题（如助人经历的背景、号召的原因） Helping others is a kind of happiness. It makes our world warmer. Last week, I had a meaningful experience of helping others.
主体 分点阐述助人的具体做法、经历细节（时间、地点、帮助对象、行动） Last Friday afternoon, I saw an old man carrying a heavy bag on my way home. I went up to him and offered to carry the bag for him. We talked happily on the way, and he thanked me a lot. / To help others, we can do small things every day: help parents with housework, volunteer in the community, or give a hand to classmates in trouble.
结尾 总结助人的感受，呼吁大家积极参与 Helping others not only makes others happy but also makes ourselves feel proud. Let's lend a helping hand to those in need and make our life more beautiful!
2. 范文示例
A Meaningful Experience of Helping Others
Helping others is the most wonderful thing in the world. It brings warmth to people's hearts. Last Saturday, I had a very meaningful experience of helping others.
That morning, I went to the library to read books. On my way, I saw a little girl crying beside the road. I walked over and asked her what was wrong. She told me she got lost and couldn't find her mom. I stayed with her and tried to cheer her up by telling funny stories. Then I took her to the nearby police station. The police officers helped us call her mom. Ten minutes later, her mom arrived. She hugged the girl tightly and was so grateful that she kept saying "thank you" to me.
Although I didn't finish reading my book that day, I felt extremely happy. I learned that even a small act of kindness can make a big difference. From now on, I will keep helping others and make the world a better place.

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