沪教牛津八年级下册Unit 2 Body language 知识清单(背诵版+默写版)

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沪教牛津八年级下册Unit 2 Body language 知识清单(背诵版+默写版)

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沪教牛津八年级下册Unit 2 Body language 知识清单
(默写版)
目录
核心词汇(词形变换+搭配+例句)……………………………………1
核心词组(搭配+例句) ……………………………………………… 5
核心语法:(动词-ing形式+ -ing/-ed形容词用法)…………………6
单元书面表达总结(写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板) ……………10
一、核心词汇(词形变换+搭配+例句)
(一)名词(n.)
1. gesture n.手势、姿态
词形变换:复数
搭配:make a gesture 做手势;gesture to sb. 向某人示意;body gesture 肢体手势
例句:She made a friendly to welcome us when we arrived.
(我们到达时,她做了一个友好的手势欢迎我们。)
expression n.表情;神色
词形变换:复数 ;动词形式 (表达)
搭配:facial expression 面部表情;expression of joy 喜悦的表情;express one's feelings 表达情感
例句:His facial tells us he is angry.
(他的面部表情告诉我们他生气了。)
impression n. 印象
词形变换:复数 ;动词形式 (给……留下印象)
搭配:make a good/bad impression on sb. 给某人留下好/坏印象;first impression 第一印象
例句:Her smile made a good on the teacher.
(她的微笑给老师留下了好印象。)
ballet n.芭蕾舞
搭配:ballet dancer 芭蕾舞演员;Swan Lake ballet 《天鹅湖》芭蕾舞剧;take ballet lessons 上芭蕾舞课
例句:She has learned since she was five years old.
(她从五岁起就开始学芭蕾舞。)
meaning n. 意义;意思
词形变换:复数 ;动词形式 (意思是;意味着)
搭配:the meaning of... ……的意思;different meanings 不同的含义
例句:Can you tell me the of this gesture
(你能告诉我这个手势的意思吗?)
behaviour(=behavior,英美拼写差异)n.行为;举止
词形变换:复数 ;动词形式 (表现)
搭配:good/bad behaviour 好/坏行为;behave well 表现好
例句:Teachers often tell us to have good at school.
(老师经常告诉我们在学校要表现好。)
reminder n.提醒物、提示
词形变换:复数 ;动词形式 (提醒)
搭配:a reminder of... 一个……的提醒物;remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
例句:This photo is a of our happy childhood.
(这张照片是我们快乐童年的回忆。)
(二)动词(v.)
8. gesture v. 手势、姿势
搭配:gesture to sb. 向某人示意;gesture sth. 用手势表示某事
例句:He to me to come closer.(他示意我走近一点。)
9. emphasize(=emphasise,英美拼写差异)v.强调
词形变换:emphasizes(三单)、 (过去式/过去分词)、emphasizing(现在分词)
搭配:emphasize the importance of... 强调……的重要性;emphasize a point 强调要点
例句:Teachers always the importance of listening carefully in class.
(老师总是强调课堂上认真听讲的重要性。)
suppose v.假定;假设
词形变换: (三单)、 (过去式/过去分词)、 (现在分词)
搭配:suppose that... 假定……;suppose sb. to do sth. 假设某人做某事;be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事
例句:I he will come to the party on time.
(我假定他会准时来参加派对。)
observe v.注意到;观察到
词形变换:observes(三单)、observed(过去式/过去分词)、observing(现在分词);名词形式 (观察)
搭配:observe sb. do/doing sth. 注意到某人做/正在做某事;observe carefully 仔细观察
例句:I her crying quietly in the corner.
(我注意到她在角落里安静地哭。)
remind v.提醒;使想起
词形变换:reminds(三单)、reminded(过去式/过去分词)、reminding(现在分词);名词形式 (提醒物)
搭配:remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事;remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
例句:She me to take my umbrella this morning.
(今天早上她提醒我带雨伞。)
nod v.点头
词形变换:nods(三单)、 (过去式/过去分词)、 (现在分词)
搭配:nod one's head 点头;nod in agreement 点头表示同意;nod to sb. 向某人点头
例句:He his head when I asked if he agreed.
(当我问他是否同意时,他点了点头。)
shake v.摇动;抖动
词形变换:shakes(三单)、 (过去式)、 (过去分词)、shaking(现在分词)
搭配:shake hands 握手;shake one's head 摇头;shake sth. gently 轻轻摇晃某物
例句:People usually hands when they meet for the first time.
(人们第一次见面时通常会握手。)
clap v.拍手
词形变换:claps(三单)、 (过去式/过去分词)、 (现在分词)
搭配:clap hands 鼓掌;clap for sb. 为某人鼓掌;clap loudly 大声鼓掌
例句:The audience hands loudly after the performance.
(表演结束后,观众们大声鼓掌。)
(三)形容词(adj.)
16. direct adj.直接的
词形变换:副词 (直接地);比较级 more direct,最高级 most direct
搭配:direct eye contact 直接的目光接触;a direct answer 直接的回答
例句:She gave me a answer to my question.(她直接回答了我的问题。)
17. uncomfortable adj.不自在的
词形变换:副词 uncomfortably(不自在地);反义词 (舒适的)
搭配:feel uncomfortable 感到不自在;an uncomfortable situation 尴尬的局面
例句:I feel when people stare at me for a long time.
(当人们长时间盯着我看时,我会感到不自在。)
amazing/amazed(-ing/-ed形容词)
词形变换: (动词,使惊奇);amazing 修饰事物,amazed 修饰人
搭配:an amazing story 令人惊奇的故事;be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊奇
例句1:It is an discovery.(这是一个令人惊奇的发现。)
例句2:I am at his great progress.(我对他的巨大进步感到惊奇。)
surprising/surprised(-ing/-ed形容词)
词形变换:surprise(动词/名词,使惊讶/惊讶);surprising 修饰事物,surprised 修饰人
搭配:a surprising result 令人惊讶的结果;be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶
例句:The news is for all of us.(这个消息让我们所有人都很惊讶。)
例句:I am to see him here.(在这里看到他,我很惊讶。)
boring/bored(-ing/-ed形容词)
词形变换: (动词,使厌烦);boring 修饰事物,bored 修饰人
搭配:a boring lecture 无聊的讲座;be bored with sth. 对某事感到厌烦
例句:The movie is so boring that I fell asleep.
(这部电影太无聊了,我都睡着了。)
例句:I am with this book.(我对这本书感到厌烦。)
(四)副词(adv.)
21. immediately adv.立即;马上;立刻
词形变换:形容词 immediate(立即的)
搭配:act immediately 立即行动;return immediately 立即返回
例句:He went to help her when he saw her in trouble.
(当他看到她有困难时,立刻过去帮助她。)
directly adv.直接地、径直地
词形变换:形容词 direct(直接的)
搭配:speak directly 直接地说;go directly home 直接回家
例句:She spoke to the point without wasting time.
(她开门见山,不浪费时间。)
二、核心词组(覆盖单元必考短语)
1. body language 肢体语言
例句:Body language is very important in cross-cultural communication.
(肢体语言在跨文化交流中非常重要。)
shake hands 握手
例句:People in many countries when they meet for the first time.
(许多国家的人第一次见面时会握手。)
clap hands 鼓掌;拍手
例句:All the students for the brave boy.
(所有学生都为这个勇敢的男孩鼓掌。)
make a good impression on sb. 给某人留下好印象
例句:His polite behaviour a good on everyone.
(他有礼貌的行为给每个人都留下了好印象。)
make eye contact 目光接触;眼神交流
例句:You should when talking to others.
(和别人说话时,你应该进行目光接触。)
nod one's head 点头
例句:She her to show that she agreed with me.
(她点头表示同意我的看法。)
cross one's arms 交叉手臂
例句:He his and listened carefully to the teacher.
(他交叉着手臂,认真听老师讲课。)
look down 低头;向下看
例句:She because she was shy.
(她因为害羞而低下了头。)
look up 抬头;向上看
例句:He and saw a bird flying in the sky.
(他抬头看到一只鸟在天空中飞翔。)
remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事
例句:This song me my hometown.
(这首歌让我想起了我的家乡。)
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
例句:My mother always me my homework on time.
(我妈妈总是提醒我按时完成作业。)
connect with the audience 和观众建立良好关系
例句:A good speaker should know how to .
(一个好的演讲者应该知道如何和观众建立良好关系。)
emphasize the points 强调要点
例句:He used gestures to in his speech.
(他用手势强调演讲中的要点。)
in different situations 在不同的场合
例句:We should use different body language .
(我们应该在不同的场合使用不同的肢体语言。)
pay attention to 注意;留心
例句:You should your body language when talking to strangers.
(和陌生人说话时,你应该注意自己的肢体语言。)
三、核心语法(动词-ing形式(作主语/宾语)+ -ing/-ed形容词用法)
(一)动词-ing形式(作主语/宾语)
1. 定义
动词-ing形式(即现在分词),由“动词原形 + -ing”构成(规则变化:直接加-ing;以不发音e结尾去e加-ing;重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ing),可在句中作主语、宾语,具有名词的特征。
2. 详细用法
(1)作主语
动词-ing形式位于句首,作句子的主语,强调“做某事”这件事本身;当主语较长时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语(动词-ing形式)放在句末,使句子更简洁。
基本结构1:动词-ing形式 + 谓语动词(单数)+ 其他
例句1:Watching body language very interesting.(观察肢体语言非常有趣。)(watching body language 作主语,谓语用is)
例句2:Listening to others carefully improve communication.
(认真倾听别人有助于改善沟通。)
基本结构2:It + be + 形容词/名词 + doing sth.(it作形式主语)
例句1:It is important practicing body language.
(练习肢体语言是很重要的。)
例句2:It is a good way learning to use gestures.
(学习使用手势是一种好方法。)
(2)作宾语
动词-ing形式作宾语,主要放在两类词后面:① 特定动词后;② 介词后。(单元重点,必考易错点)
单元重点接-ing形式的动词(必记)
enjoy(喜欢)、finish(完成)、practise(练习)、mind(介意)、keep(保持)、imagine(想象)、avoid(避免)、suggest(建议)、look forward to(期待)
口诀记忆:
“享受enjoy完成finish”勤练习practice,
“介意mind保持keep”多想象imagine。
“避免avoid建议suggest”空期待look forward to,
牢记这些动词跟“doing”。
例句1:I enjoy ballet performances.
(我喜欢看芭蕾舞表演。)(enjoy + doing)
例句2:She finished the comic strip yesterday.
(她昨天完成了连环漫画的绘制。)(finish + doing)
例句3:He practices body language every day.
(他每天练习使用肢体语言。)(practise + doing)
例句4:I look forward to you again.(我期待再次见到你。)
(look forward to + doing,易错点:to是介词,不是不定式符号)
介词后接-ing形式(in, on, at, without, for, about等):
例句1:He is good at body language.(他擅长解读肢体语言。)
(at是介词,后接doing)
例句2:She went out without goodbye.(她没说再见就出去了。
(without是介词,后接doing)
例句3:We talked about our communication skills.
(我们讨论了如何提高沟通技巧。)(about是介词,后接doing)
3. 易错点总结(必记)
易错点1:动词-ing作主语时,谓语动词必须用单数
(如:Watching TV are interesting. → Watching TV is interesting. )
易错点2:look forward to 后接-ing形式,不能接to do
(如:I look forward to see you. → I look forward to seeing you. )
易错点3:介词(in, at, without等)后必须接-ing形式,不能接动词原形
(如:He is good at draw. → He is good at drawing. )
(二)-ing/-ed形容词用法(单元高频易错点)
1. 定义与核心区别
由动词加-ing/-ed构成的形容词,均表示“情感/感受”,核心区别:
-ing形容词:修饰“事物、事件”,表示“令人……的”,主语/修饰对象是物;
-ed形容词:修饰“人”,表示“(人)感到……的”,主语/修饰对象是人。
2. 单元重点例词(配例句,必记)
surprise(v./n. 惊讶)→ surprising(令人惊讶的,修饰物)/ surprised(感到惊讶的,修饰人)
例句1:The news is .(这个消息令人惊讶。)
例句2:I am at the news.(我对这个消息感到惊讶。)
amaze(v. 使惊奇)→ amazing(令人惊奇的,修饰物)/ amazed(感到惊奇的,修饰人)
例句1:It is an gesture.(这是一个令人惊奇的手势。)
例句2:She is by his kindness.(她对他的善良感到惊奇。)
bore(v. 使厌烦)→ boring(令人厌烦的,修饰物)/ bored(感到厌烦的,修饰人)
例句1:The lecture is .(这个讲座令人厌烦。)
例句2:I am with the lecture.(我对这个讲座感到厌烦。)
confuse(v. 使困惑)→ confusing(令人困惑的,修饰物)/ confused(感到困惑的,修饰人)
例句1:His gesture is .(他的手势令人困惑。)
例句2:I am about his gesture.(我对他的手势感到困惑。)
(三)语法练习题(贴合单元考点)
A、单项选择
1. ______ body language is a good way to improve communication.( )
A. Watch B. Watching C. Watched D. To watching
2. She enjoys ______ ballet in her free time.( )
A. dance B. to dance C. dancing D. danced
3. I look forward to ______ from you soon.( )
A. hear B. hearing C. hears D. to hear
4. The movie is so ______ that all of us feel ______.( )
A. boring; bored B. bored; boring C. boring; boring D. bored; bored
5. He is good at ______ body language to express himself.( )
A. use B. using C. to use D. uses
6. It is important ______ carefully when talking to others.( )
A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened
7. Would you mind ______ me how to make eye contact ( )
A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. tells
8. She felt ______ when she saw the ______ gesture.( )
A. surprised; surprising B. surprising; surprised
C. surprised; surprised D. surprising; surprising
B、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. He practices ______ (use) gestures every day to improve his communication.
2. ______ (watch) others' facial expressions can help us understand their feelings.
3. I am ______ (amaze) at the ______ (amaze) discovery.
4. She finished ______ (draw) the picture an hour ago.
5. They talked about ______ (improve) their body language.
6. My mother reminds me ______ (practise) speaking English every morning.
7. I avoid ______ (make) eye contact with strangers because I am shy.
8. It is boring ______ (listen) to the same story again and again.
三、句型转换(按要求改写句子,每句涉及本单元语法)
1. Watching body language is interesting.(改为同义句,用it作形式主语)
______ ______ interesting ______ ______ body language.
2. She enjoys listening to music.(改为否定句)
She ______ ______ listening to music.
3. The news is surprising.(改为感叹句)
______ ______ the news is!
4. He is good at playing the piano.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ he good at
5. I look forward to meeting you.(改为一般疑问句)
______ you ______ ______ to meeting me
四、单元书面表达总结(写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板)
本单元书面表达核心话题:介绍一种肢体语言(必考,贴合单元主题),要求介绍某一种肢体语言的动作、不同含义(结合场景/文化),并说明其重要性,词数70-90词左右。
(一)写作框架梳理(4段式,清晰有条理,避免遗漏要点)
核心逻辑:开头(引入肢体语言,说明要介绍的具体肢体语言)→ 中间1(描述该肢体语言的动作)→ 中间2(分述其不同含义,配简单例子)→ 结尾(总结其重要性,呼应“帮助有效沟通”)
第一段(开头,1句):总起引入,明确要介绍的肢体语言
核心句式:Body language is important in communication. Today, I want to talk about... / There are many kinds of body language, and I want to introduce...
第二段(主体1,1句):描述该肢体语言的具体动作
核心句式:When you..., you... / ...is a simple gesture: you just...
第三段(主体2,2句):分述该肢体语言的2种及以上含义,每种含义配1个简单例子
核心句式:To begin with, it often means... For example,... Besides, it can also mean... Sometimes,... / In different situations, it has different meanings.
第四段(结尾,1句):总结该肢体语言的重要性,呼应主题
核心句式:Understanding the meanings of... can help us communicate better with others. / ...is a useful gesture that can help us express our feelings easily.
(二)高分词汇/词组积累(替换基础词汇)
1. 高分动词/动词短语
talk about → introduce / describe(介绍/描述)
例句:I want to introduce a common gesture — nodding one's head.
mean → stand for / represent(代表)
例句:Nodding one's head stands for agreement in many countries.
help → assist / help to improve(帮助/有助于改善)
例句:Learning body language can assist us to communicate better.
use → make use of(利用)
例句:We should make use of body language to express our feelings.
2. 高分名词/形容词
important → significant / necessary(重要的/必要的)
例句:Body language is significant in our daily communication.
simple → easy / basic(简单的/基础的)
例句:Shaking hands is a basic gesture in many cultures.
different → various / different kinds of(各种各样的)
例句:This gesture has various meanings in different countries.
useful → helpful / practical(有用的/实用的)
例句:Nodding is a helpful gesture that everyone can understand.
3. 高分连接词/句式(使作文连贯,逻辑清晰,带例句)
表总起:As we all know... / It is well-known that...(众所周知……)
例句:As we all know, body language plays an important role in communication.
表分述:To begin with... / Besides... / However...(首先……/此外……/然而……)
例句:To begin with, shaking hands means friendship. Besides, it can also show respect.
表举例:For example / For instance(例如)
例句:For example, when we meet our friends, we often shake hands to show our happiness.
表总结:In short / In a word / All in all(总之)
例句:In short, understanding body language can help us get on well with others.
(三)参考范文
Nodding One's Head
As we all know, body language is significant in daily communication. Today, I want to introduce a common gesture — nodding one's head.
It is a simple gesture: when you nod your head, you move it up and down gently.
To begin with, it often means agreement. For example, when teachers ask us questions, we nod our heads to show we know the answers. Besides, it can also mean "hello" or "I see". Sometimes, when we pass by our friends, we nod to greet them politely.
In short, nodding one's head is a practical gesture that helps us communicate better with others.
(四)写作模板(万能模板,只需替换括号内内容适配所有肢体语言介绍)
[Gesture Name]
As we all know, body language is significant in daily communication. Today, I want to introduce a common gesture — [gesture name], such as nodding one's head, crossing one's arms or shaking hands.
It is a simple gesture: when you [describe the gesture], you [specific action], like moving your head up and down or putting one arm over the other.
To begin with, it often means [meaning 1]. For example, when [scene 1], we [use the gesture] to show [purpose 1]. Besides, it can also mean [meaning 2]. Sometimes, when [scene 2], we [use the gesture] to express [purpose 2].
In short, [gesture name] is a practical gesture that helps us communicate better with others and express our feelings easily.
(替换提示:[gesture name] 替换为具体肢体语言,如crossing one's arms;[describe the gesture] 替换为动作描述;[meaning 1/2] 替换为含义;[scene 1/2] 替换为具体场景即可)/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
沪教牛津八年级下册Unit 2 Body language 知识清单
(背诵版)
目录
核心词汇(词形变换+搭配+例句)……………………………………1
核心词组(搭配+例句) ……………………………………………… 5
核心语法:(动词-ing形式+ -ing/-ed形容词用法)…………………6
单元书面表达总结(写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板) ……………12
一、核心词汇(词形变换+搭配+例句)
(一)名词(n.)
1. gesture n.手势、姿态
词形变换:复数 gestures
搭配:make a gesture 做手势;gesture to sb. 向某人示意;body gesture 肢体手势
例句:She made a friendly gesture to welcome us when we arrived.
(我们到达时,她做了一个友好的手势欢迎我们。)
expression n.表情;神色
词形变换:复数 expressions;动词形式 express(表达)
搭配:facial expression 面部表情;expression of joy 喜悦的表情;express one's feelings 表达情感
例句:His facial expression tells us he is angry.
(他的面部表情告诉我们他生气了。)
impression n. 印象
词形变换:复数 impressions;动词形式 impress(给……留下印象)
搭配:make a good/bad impression on sb. 给某人留下好/坏印象;first impression 第一印象
例句:Her smile made a good impression on the teacher.
(她的微笑给老师留下了好印象。)
ballet n.芭蕾舞
搭配:ballet dancer 芭蕾舞演员;Swan Lake ballet 《天鹅湖》芭蕾舞剧;take ballet lessons 上芭蕾舞课
例句:She has learned ballet since she was five years old.
(她从五岁起就开始学芭蕾舞。)
meaning n. 意义;意思
词形变换:复数 meanings;动词形式 mean(意思是;意味着)
搭配:the meaning of... ……的意思;different meanings 不同的含义
例句:Can you tell me the meaning of this gesture
(你能告诉我这个手势的意思吗?)
behaviour(=behavior,英美拼写差异)n.行为;举止
词形变换:复数 behaviours;动词形式 behave(表现)
搭配:good/bad behaviour 好/坏行为;behave well 表现好
例句:Teachers often tell us to have good behaviour at school.
(老师经常告诉我们在学校要表现好。)
reminder n.提醒物、提示
词形变换:复数 reminders;动词形式 remind(提醒)
搭配:a reminder of... 一个……的提醒物;remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
例句:This photo is a reminder of our happy childhood.
(这张照片是我们快乐童年的回忆。)
(二)动词(v.)
8. gesture v. 手势、姿势
搭配:gesture to sb. 向某人示意;gesture sth. 用手势表示某事
例句:He gestured to me to come closer.(他示意我走近一点。)
9. emphasize(=emphasise,英美拼写差异)v.强调
词形变换:emphasizes(三单)、emphasized(过去式/过去分词)、emphasizing(现在分词)
搭配:emphasize the importance of... 强调……的重要性;emphasize a point 强调要点
例句:Teachers always emphasize the importance of listening carefully in class.
(老师总是强调课堂上认真听讲的重要性。)
suppose v.假定;假设
词形变换:supposes(三单)、supposed(过去式/过去分词)、supposing(现在分词)
搭配:suppose that... 假定……;suppose sb. to do sth. 假设某人做某事;be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事
例句:I suppose he will come to the party on time.
(我假定他会准时来参加派对。)
observe v.注意到;观察到
词形变换:observes(三单)、observed(过去式/过去分词)、observing(现在分词);名词形式 observation(观察)
搭配:observe sb. do/doing sth. 注意到某人做/正在做某事;observe carefully 仔细观察
例句:I observed her crying quietly in the corner.
(我注意到她在角落里安静地哭。)
remind v.提醒;使想起
词形变换:reminds(三单)、reminded(过去式/过去分词)、reminding(现在分词);名词形式 reminder(提醒物)
搭配:remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事;remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
例句:She reminded me to take my umbrella this morning.
(今天早上她提醒我带雨伞。)
nod v.点头
词形变换:nods(三单)、nodded(过去式/过去分词)、nodding(现在分词)
搭配:nod one's head 点头;nod in agreement 点头表示同意;nod to sb. 向某人点头
例句:He nodded his head when I asked if he agreed.
(当我问他是否同意时,他点了点头。)
shake v.摇动;抖动
词形变换:shakes(三单)、shook(过去式)、shaken(过去分词)、shaking(现在分词)
搭配:shake hands 握手;shake one's head 摇头;shake sth. gently 轻轻摇晃某物
例句:People usually shake hands when they meet for the first time.
(人们第一次见面时通常会握手。)
clap v.拍手
词形变换:claps(三单)、clapped(过去式/过去分词)、clapping(现在分词)
搭配:clap hands 鼓掌;clap for sb. 为某人鼓掌;clap loudly 大声鼓掌
例句:The audience clapped hands loudly after the performance.
(表演结束后,观众们大声鼓掌。)
(三)形容词(adj.)
16. direct adj.直接的
词形变换:副词 directly(直接地);比较级 more direct,最高级 most direct
搭配:direct eye contact 直接的目光接触;a direct answer 直接的回答
例句:She gave me a direct answer to my question.(她直接回答了我的问题。)
17. uncomfortable adj.不自在的
词形变换:副词 uncomfortably(不自在地);反义词 comfortable(舒适的)
搭配:feel uncomfortable 感到不自在;an uncomfortable situation 尴尬的局面
例句:I feel uncomfortable when people stare at me for a long time.
(当人们长时间盯着我看时,我会感到不自在。)
amazing/amazed(-ing/-ed形容词)
词形变换:amaze(动词,使惊奇);amazing 修饰事物,amazed 修饰人
搭配:an amazing story 令人惊奇的故事;be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊奇
例句1:It is an amazing discovery.(这是一个令人惊奇的发现。)
例句2:I am amazed at his great progress.(我对他的巨大进步感到惊奇。)
surprising/surprised(-ing/-ed形容词)
词形变换:surprise(动词/名词,使惊讶/惊讶);surprising 修饰事物,surprised 修饰人
搭配:a surprising result 令人惊讶的结果;be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶
例句:The news is surprising for all of us.(这个消息让我们所有人都很惊讶。)
例句:I am surprised to see him here.(在这里看到他,我很惊讶。)
boring/bored(-ing/-ed形容词)
词形变换:bore(动词,使厌烦);boring 修饰事物,bored 修饰人
搭配:a boring lecture 无聊的讲座;be bored with sth. 对某事感到厌烦
例句:The movie is so boring that I fell asleep.
(这部电影太无聊了,我都睡着了。)
例句:I am bored with this book.(我对这本书感到厌烦。)
(四)副词(adv.)
21. immediately adv.立即;马上;立刻
词形变换:形容词 immediate(立即的)
搭配:act immediately 立即行动;return immediately 立即返回
例句:He went to help her immediately when he saw her in trouble.
(当他看到她有困难时,立刻过去帮助她。)
directly adv.直接地、径直地
词形变换:形容词 direct(直接的)
搭配:speak directly 直接地说;go directly home 直接回家
例句:She spoke directly to the point without wasting time.
(她开门见山,不浪费时间。)
二、核心词组(覆盖单元必考短语)
1. body language 肢体语言
例句:Body language is very important in cross-cultural communication.
(肢体语言在跨文化交流中非常重要。)
shake hands 握手
例句:People in many countries shake hands when they meet for the first time.
(许多国家的人第一次见面时会握手。)
clap hands 鼓掌;拍手
例句:All the students clapped hands for the brave boy.
(所有学生都为这个勇敢的男孩鼓掌。)
make a good impression on sb. 给某人留下好印象
例句:His polite behaviour made a good impression on everyone.
(他有礼貌的行为给每个人都留下了好印象。)
make eye contact 目光接触;眼神交流
例句:You should make eye contact when talking to others.
(和别人说话时,你应该进行目光接触。)
nod one's head 点头
例句:She nodded her head to show that she agreed with me.
(她点头表示同意我的看法。)
cross one's arms 交叉手臂
例句:He crossed his arms and listened carefully to the teacher.
(他交叉着手臂,认真听老师讲课。)
look down 低头;向下看
例句:She looked down because she was shy.
(她因为害羞而低下了头。)
look up 抬头;向上看
例句:He looked up and saw a bird flying in the sky.
(他抬头看到一只鸟在天空中飞翔。)
remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事
例句:This song reminds me of my hometown.
(这首歌让我想起了我的家乡。)
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
例句:My mother always reminds me to finish my homework on time.
(我妈妈总是提醒我按时完成作业。)
connect with the audience 和观众建立良好关系
例句:A good speaker should know how to connect with the audience.
(一个好的演讲者应该知道如何和观众建立良好关系。)
emphasize the points 强调要点
例句:He used gestures to emphasize the points in his speech.
(他用手势强调演讲中的要点。)
in different situations 在不同的场合
例句:We should use different body language in different situations.
(我们应该在不同的场合使用不同的肢体语言。)
pay attention to 注意;留心
例句:You should pay attention to your body language when talking to strangers.(和陌生人说话时,你应该注意自己的肢体语言。)
三、核心语法(动词-ing形式(作主语/宾语)+ -ing/-ed形容词用法)
(一)动词-ing形式(作主语/宾语)
1. 定义
动词-ing形式(即现在分词),由“动词原形 + -ing”构成(规则变化:直接加-ing;以不发音e结尾去e加-ing;重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ing),可在句中作主语、宾语,具有名词的特征。
2. 详细用法
(1)作主语
动词-ing形式位于句首,作句子的主语,强调“做某事”这件事本身;当主语较长时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语(动词-ing形式)放在句末,使句子更简洁。
基本结构1:动词-ing形式 + 谓语动词(单数)+ 其他
例句1:Watching body language is very interesting.(观察肢体语言非常有趣。)(watching body language 作主语,谓语用is)
例句2:Listening to others carefully helps improve communication.
(认真倾听别人有助于改善沟通。)
基本结构2:It + be + 形容词/名词 + doing sth.(it作形式主语)
例句1:It is important practicing body language.
(练习肢体语言是很重要的。)
例句2:It is a good way learning to use gestures.
(学习使用手势是一种好方法。)
(2)作宾语
动词-ing形式作宾语,主要放在两类词后面:① 特定动词后;② 介词后。(单元重点,必考易错点)
单元重点接-ing形式的动词(必记)
enjoy(喜欢)、finish(完成)、practise(练习)、mind(介意)、keep(保持)、imagine(想象)、avoid(避免)、suggest(建议)、look forward to(期待)
口诀记忆:
“享受enjoy完成finish”勤练习practice,
“介意mind保持keep”多想象imagine。
“避免avoid建议suggest”空期待look forward to,
牢记这些动词跟“doing”。
例句1:I enjoy watching ballet performances.
(我喜欢看芭蕾舞表演。)(enjoy + doing)
例句2:She finished drawing the comic strip yesterday.
(她昨天完成了连环漫画的绘制。)(finish + doing)
例句3:He practices using body language every day.
(他每天练习使用肢体语言。)(practise + doing)
例句4:I look forward to meeting you again.(我期待再次见到你。)
(look forward to + doing,易错点:to是介词,不是不定式符号)
介词后接-ing形式(in, on, at, without, for, about等):
例句1:He is good at reading body language.(他擅长解读肢体语言。)
(at是介词,后接doing)
例句2:She went out without saying goodbye.(她没说再见就出去了。
(without是介词,后接doing)
例句3:We talked about improving our communication skills.
(我们讨论了如何提高沟通技巧。)(about是介词,后接doing)
3. 易错点总结(必记)
易错点1:动词-ing作主语时,谓语动词必须用单数
(如:Watching TV are interesting. → Watching TV is interesting. )
易错点2:look forward to 后接-ing形式,不能接to do
(如:I look forward to see you. → I look forward to seeing you. )
易错点3:介词(in, at, without等)后必须接-ing形式,不能接动词原形
(如:He is good at draw. → He is good at drawing. )
(二)-ing/-ed形容词用法(单元高频易错点)
1. 定义与核心区别
由动词加-ing/-ed构成的形容词,均表示“情感/感受”,核心区别:
-ing形容词:修饰“事物、事件”,表示“令人……的”,主语/修饰对象是物;
-ed形容词:修饰“人”,表示“(人)感到……的”,主语/修饰对象是人。
2. 单元重点例词(配例句,必记)
surprise(v./n. 惊讶)→ surprising(令人惊讶的,修饰物)/ surprised(感到惊讶的,修饰人)
例句1:The news is surprising.(这个消息令人惊讶。)
(news是物,用surprising)
例句2:I am surprised at the news.(我对这个消息感到惊讶。)
(I是人,用surprised)
amaze(v. 使惊奇)→ amazing(令人惊奇的,修饰物)/ amazed(感到惊奇的,修饰人)
例句1:It is an amazing gesture.(这是一个令人惊奇的手势。)
(gesture是物,用amazing)
例句2:She is amazed by his kindness.(她对他的善良感到惊奇。)
(she是人,用amazed)
bore(v. 使厌烦)→ boring(令人厌烦的,修饰物)/ bored(感到厌烦的,修饰人)
例句1:The lecture is boring.(这个讲座令人厌烦。)
(lecture是物,用boring)
例句2:I am bored with the lecture.(我对这个讲座感到厌烦。)
(I是人,用bored)
confuse(v. 使困惑)→ confusing(令人困惑的,修饰物)/ confused(感到困惑的,修饰人)
例句1:His gesture is confusing.(他的手势令人困惑。)
(gesture是物,用confusing)
例句2:I am confused about his gesture.(我对他的手势感到困惑。)
(I是人,用confused)
(三)语法练习题(贴合单元考点)
A、单项选择
1. ______ body language is a good way to improve communication.( )
A. Watch B. Watching C. Watched D. To watching
2. She enjoys ______ ballet in her free time.( )
A. dance B. to dance C. dancing D. danced
3. I look forward to ______ from you soon.( )
A. hear B. hearing C. hears D. to hear
4. The movie is so ______ that all of us feel ______.( )
A. boring; bored B. bored; boring C. boring; boring D. bored; bored
5. He is good at ______ body language to express himself.( )
A. use B. using C. to use D. uses
6. It is important ______ carefully when talking to others.( )
A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened
7. Would you mind ______ me how to make eye contact ( )
A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. tells
8. She felt ______ when she saw the ______ gesture.( )
A. surprised; surprising B. surprising; surprised
C. surprised; surprised D. surprising; surprising
答案及解析
1. B 解析:考查动词-ing作主语,动词原形不能直接作主语,排除A;watched是过去式,不能作主语,排除C;to watching形式错误,排除D;watching是-ing形式,作主语,故选B。
2. C 解析:考查enjoy的用法,enjoy + doing sth.(喜欢做某事),固定搭配,故选C。
3. B 解析:考查look forward to的用法,to是介词,后接-ing形式,look forward to doing sth.(期待做某事),故选B。
4. A 解析:考查-ing/-ed形容词的区别,第一空修饰movie(物),用boring(令人厌烦的);第二空修饰us(人),用bored(感到厌烦的),故选A。
5. B 解析:考查be good at的用法,at是介词,后接-ing形式,be good at doing sth.(擅长做某事),故选B。
6. C 解析:考查it作形式主语的用法,It is important + doing sth.(做某事是重要的),故选C。
7. B 解析:考查mind的用法,mind + doing sth.(介意做某事),固定搭配,故选B。
8. A 解析:考查-ing/-ed形容词的区别,第一空修饰she(人),用surprised(感到惊讶的);第二空修饰gesture(物),用surprising(令人惊讶的),故选A。
B、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. He practices ______ (use) gestures every day to improve his communication.
2. ______ (watch) others' facial expressions can help us understand their feelings.
3. I am ______ (amaze) at the ______ (amaze) discovery.
4. She finished ______ (draw) the picture an hour ago.
5. They talked about ______ (improve) their body language.
6. My mother reminds me ______ (practise) speaking English every morning.
7. I avoid ______ (make) eye contact with strangers because I am shy.
8. It is boring ______ (listen) to the same story again and again.
答案及解析
1. using 解析:practise + doing sth.(练习做某事),固定搭配。
2. Watching 解析:动词-ing形式作主语,位于句首,首字母大写。
3. amazed; amazing 解析:第一空修饰人(I),用amazed;第二空修饰物(discovery),用amazing。
4. drawing 解析:finish + doing sth.(完成做某事),固定搭配。
5. improving 解析:about是介词,后接-ing形式。
6. to practise 解析:remind sb. to do sth.(提醒某人做某事),固定搭配。
7. making 解析:avoid + doing sth.(避免做某事),固定搭配。
8. listening 解析:It is boring + doing sth.(做某事是无聊的),it作形式主语,真正主语是doing sth.。
三、句型转换(按要求改写句子,每句涉及本单元语法)
1. Watching body language is interesting.(改为同义句,用it作形式主语)
______ ______ interesting ______ ______ body language.
2. She enjoys listening to music.(改为否定句)
She ______ ______ listening to music.
3. The news is surprising.(改为感叹句)
______ ______ the news is!
4. He is good at playing the piano.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ he good at
5. I look forward to meeting you.(改为一般疑问句)
______ you ______ ______ to meeting me
答案及解析
1. It is; watching 解析:it作形式主语,真正主语是watching body language,结构为It is + 形容词 + doing sth.。
2. doesn't enjoy 解析:enjoys是实义动词第三人称单数,否定句加doesn't,后面动词用原形enjoy。
3. How surprising 解析:感叹句结构为How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!,surprising是形容词。
4. What is 解析:对“擅长的事情”提问,用What,be good at是固定短语,主语是he,be动词用is。
5. Do; look forward 解析:look forward to是实义动词短语,一般疑问句加助动词Do,后面动词用原形look forward。
四、单元书面表达总结(写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板)
本单元书面表达核心话题:介绍一种肢体语言(必考,贴合单元主题),要求介绍某一种肢体语言的动作、不同含义(结合场景/文化),并说明其重要性,词数70-90词左右。
(一)写作框架梳理(4段式,清晰有条理,避免遗漏要点)
核心逻辑:开头(引入肢体语言,说明要介绍的具体肢体语言)→ 中间1(描述该肢体语言的动作)→ 中间2(分述其不同含义,配简单例子)→ 结尾(总结其重要性,呼应“帮助有效沟通”)
第一段(开头,1句):总起引入,明确要介绍的肢体语言
核心句式:Body language is important in communication. Today, I want to talk about... / There are many kinds of body language, and I want to introduce...
第二段(主体1,1句):描述该肢体语言的具体动作
核心句式:When you..., you... / ...is a simple gesture: you just...
第三段(主体2,2句):分述该肢体语言的2种及以上含义,每种含义配1个简单例子
核心句式:To begin with, it often means... For example,... Besides, it can also mean... Sometimes,... / In different situations, it has different meanings.
第四段(结尾,1句):总结该肢体语言的重要性,呼应主题
核心句式:Understanding the meanings of... can help us communicate better with others. / ...is a useful gesture that can help us express our feelings easily.
(二)高分词汇/词组积累(替换基础词汇)
1. 高分动词/动词短语
talk about → introduce / describe(介绍/描述)
例句:I want to introduce a common gesture — nodding one's head.
mean → stand for / represent(代表)
例句:Nodding one's head stands for agreement in many countries.
help → assist / help to improve(帮助/有助于改善)
例句:Learning body language can assist us to communicate better.
use → make use of(利用)
例句:We should make use of body language to express our feelings.
2. 高分名词/形容词
important → significant / necessary(重要的/必要的)
例句:Body language is significant in our daily communication.
simple → easy / basic(简单的/基础的)
例句:Shaking hands is a basic gesture in many cultures.
different → various / different kinds of(各种各样的)
例句:This gesture has various meanings in different countries.
useful → helpful / practical(有用的/实用的)
例句:Nodding is a helpful gesture that everyone can understand.
3. 高分连接词/句式(使作文连贯,逻辑清晰,带例句)
表总起:As we all know... / It is well-known that...(众所周知……)
例句:As we all know, body language plays an important role in communication.
表分述:To begin with... / Besides... / However...(首先……/此外……/然而……)
例句:To begin with, shaking hands means friendship. Besides, it can also show respect.
表举例:For example / For instance(例如)
例句:For example, when we meet our friends, we often shake hands to show our happiness.
表总结:In short / In a word / All in all(总之)
例句:In short, understanding body language can help us get on well with others.
(三)参考范文
Nodding One's Head
As we all know, body language is significant in daily communication. Today, I want to introduce a common gesture — nodding one's head.
It is a simple gesture: when you nod your head, you move it up and down gently.
To begin with, it often means agreement. For example, when teachers ask us questions, we nod our heads to show we know the answers. Besides, it can also mean "hello" or "I see". Sometimes, when we pass by our friends, we nod to greet them politely.
In short, nodding one's head is a practical gesture that helps us communicate better with others.
(四)写作模板(万能模板,只需替换括号内内容适配所有肢体语言介绍)
[Gesture Name]
As we all know, body language is significant in daily communication. Today, I want to introduce a common gesture — [gesture name], such as nodding one's head, crossing one's arms or shaking hands.
It is a simple gesture: when you [describe the gesture], you [specific action], like moving your head up and down or putting one arm over the other.
To begin with, it often means [meaning 1]. For example, when [scene 1], we [use the gesture] to show [purpose 1]. Besides, it can also mean [meaning 2]. Sometimes, when [scene 2], we [use the gesture] to express [purpose 2].
In short, [gesture name] is a practical gesture that helps us communicate better with others and express our feelings easily.
(替换提示:[gesture name] ,如crossing one's arms;[describe the gesture] 替换为动作描述;[meaning 1/2] 替换为含义;[scene 1/2] 替换为具体场景即可)
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