资源简介

(共22张PPT)
Unit 1 Time to relax
目录
业余活动词汇学习与认读
核心句型建构与功能解析
跨文化视角下的业余爱好探究
小组调查实践：班级热门休闲活动统计
动词不定式语法深化与辨析
单元反思与生活联结：劳逸结合的健康理念
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Free-time Activities Vocabulary
Master essential words for hobbies and leisure pursuits
Calligraphy: Pronunciation & Cultural Meaning
■ Word Focus：calligraphy /k l ɡr fi/ n. the art of beautiful handwriting (书法) — emphasis on second syllable: ca-LIG-ra-phy
■ Western Context：In Europe, calligraphy evolved from medieval manuscript illumination; it emphasizes ornamental letterforms, rhythm, and precision in penmanship.
■ Chinese Contrast：Chinese calligraphy (shūfǎ) is rooted in brushwork, qi (vital energy), and philosophical expression—each stroke conveys emotion and discipline.
■ Shared Values：Both traditions value patience, aesthetic harmony, and personal cultivation through disciplined practice.
※ Calligraphy bridges cultures—not just writing, but embodied artistry.
Ski: Verb Usage & Fixed Expression
Verb Conjugation & Grammar
■ ■ ■ Base Form：ski /ski / v. to move over snow on skis (滑雪)
Tense Forms Present: He
every winter. (habitual action) Past: They skied
in the Alps last February. Present Continuous: We
are skiing this weekend — note spelling: no double 'i' Present Perfect: She has skied
in eight countries.Subject-Verb Agreement：Third-person singular adds '-s' → He
, not *he ski. Avoid common error: *They skis.
Go Skiing: Collocation & Real Use
■ ■ Fixed Phrase：go skiing — a phrasal verb meaning 'to participate in skiing as a recreational activity'
Usage Notes Always with 'go + V-ing': go skiing / go ski or go to ski
Often used with time expressions: this winter, next Marchevery holiday
Example contexts:① I plan to in Hokkaido during spring break.② They’ve been
going skiing together since university.
③ Is it safe to alone Experts advise against it.
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Core Sentence Patterns
Structure, Function & Real-World Use
Asking About Free Time
What do you do in your free time
■ ■ ■ ■ Focus: Activity Type: — This question asks for the specific activity or hobby someone engages in during leisure time.
Usage Context: Ideal for initial conversations, surveys, or when seeking concrete examples (e.g., painting, coding, hiking).Key Features
: Uses simple present tense; expects noun phrases or gerund phrases as answers.Examples① A: What do you do in your free time
B: I do calligraphy
. / I go skiingprogram apps② She practices yoga
every weekend. They watch documentaries together.
How do you spend your free time
■ ■ ■ ■ Focus: Process & Manner: — This question emphasizes how, where, with whom, and how long an activity occurs — revealing lifestyle patterns and personal values.
Usage Context: Suitable for deeper reflection, cultural comparison, or discussing balance and well-being.Key Features
: Often elicits longer, more descriptive responses involving adverbials and clauses.Examples① A: How do you spend your free time
B: I spend two hours a week practicing calligraphy at a community center
② We spend weekends hiking in the mountains with friends
③ Luca spends his evenings coding while listening to Italian folk music — blending skill-building and cultural identity.
Describing Preferences
■ I like to... vs. I enjoy...-ing: Though both express preference, they carry distinct pragmatic nuances.
① I like to + verb often suggests intentionality, choice, or occasional action — especially when highlighting purpose or decision-making: 'I like to ski on weekends' implies a planned, conscious habit.
② I enjoy + verb-ing conveys immediate pleasure, emotional response, or habitual satisfaction: 'I enjoy skiing' focuses on the intrinsic joy of the experience itself.
③ In real usage, enjoy is rarely followed by infinitives — it’s grammatically restricted to -ing forms.
④ Contrast: 'She likes to teach beginners (a chosen role)' vs. 'She enjoys teaching beginners (the emotional reward)'.
※ Understanding these subtleties sharpens authentic self-expression in English.
Purpose Expressions
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Cross-Cultural Hobbies
How hobbies reflect cultural values and connect the world
Luca: Coding for Cultural Connection
■ Who is Luca ：A 16-year-old Italian student from Bologna
■ His passion：Programming language-learning apps to teach Italian globally
■ Cultural impact：His app 'Parla Italiano!' has over 200,000 users in 42 countries. It includes regional dialects, Renaissance art references, and Italian film clips.
■ Why it matters：He doesn’t just code—he preserves linguistic identity while building bridges. "Every line of code helps someone fall in love with Italy's soul," he says.
■ Key vocabulary：programmer / cultural ambassador / digital heritage / open-source project
※ Technology + tradition = powerful cultural diplomacy (技术+传统=强有力的文化外交)
Maya: Languages as Global Windows
■ Who is Maya ：A 17-year-old student from Hyderabad, India
■ Her linguistic journey：Fluent in Telugu, Hindi, English → learning French, Arabic, and Japanese simultaneously
■ Global curiosity in action：She hosts a weekly podcast 'World Voices' featuring interviews with teens from 15 countries, comparing festivals, food traditions, and youth activism.
■ Cultural insight："Languages aren't just tools—they're keys to understanding how people feel, dream, and resist." Her research on Bollywood’s influence on African cinema went viral on academic platforms.
■ Key vocabulary：multilingualism / cultural fluency / global citizenship / comparative analysis
※ Language learning builds empathy before grammar (语言学习先构建共情，再掌握语法)
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Survey in Action
Discover Our Class's Favorite Free-time Activities
Peer Interview Practice
Left Column: Dialogue Model
■ Authentic Conversation Pattern：
A: What free-time activities do you like
B: I like playing basketball and listening to music.
A: Why do you like them
B: Playing basketball helps me stay fit, and music helps me relax after school.
■ Key Language Notes：
① Use plural 'activities' when listing multiple hobbies
② 'Help (to) do something' expresses benefit clearly
③ Present simple tense describes habitual preferences
④ Connect reasons with 'and', 'because', or comma + conjunction
Right Column: Sentence Frames & Responses
■ Question Prompts：
What free-time activities do you like
Which one do you enjoy most Why
How often do you do it
■ Response Bank：
→ It’s a great way to... (exercise / express myself / make friends)
→ I find it fun to... (draw / code / hike)
→ It helps me (to)... (relax / focus / feel confident)
→ I do it because... (it’s creative / I’m good at it / my friends join me)
※ Remember: Speak naturally — shorten 'I am' → 'I'm', 'do not' → 'don’t'
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Data Visualization
■ Step-by-Step Chart Creation：
① Tally responses: Count how many classmates chose each activity (e.g., football: 7, reading: 5, painting: 4)
② Draw axes: Horizontal axis (x) lists activities; vertical axis (y) shows number of students
③ Build bars: Draw proportional columns — taller bar = more popularity
④ Label clearly: Add title ('Our Class’s Top Free-time Activities'), axis labels, and legend
■ Why Charts Matter: Visualizing data makes patterns obvious — e.g., if 'listening to music' has the tallest bar, we instantly see it’s the most popular. This supports clear oral reporting using phrases like 'The most common activity is...' or 'Twice as many students prefer...'
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Grammar Deep Dive
Mastering Infinitives: Purpose & Object Complement
Purpose: do sth. to do sth.
■ Core Structure 核心结构：verb + object + to + base verb
■ Function 功能：Expresses the reason or purpose behind an action (表达动作发生的目的)
■ Key Rule 关键规则：The 'to' must never be omitted — it is essential for grammatical accuracy
■ Examples 例句：
① We listen to music to relax. (听音乐是为了放松)
② She practices piano to improve her skills. (她练钢琴是为了提升技巧)
③ They built a garden to create a peaceful space. (他们建花园是为了营造宁静空间)
④ He studies hard to pass the exam. (他努力学习是为了通过考试)
※ Purpose infinitives answer 'Why ' — they explain intention, not result.
Object Complement: help sb. (to) do sth.
Structure & Rules
■ ■ ■ ■ Basic Pattern 基本结构：help + person + (to) + base verb
To or Not To ：The 'to' is optional — both forms are grammatically correct and carry identical meaningUsage Notes 使用提示
① With 'help', omission of 'to' is more common in informal speech and writing
② In formal writing, including 'to' may enhance clarity③ Other verbs like 'let', 'make', 'see', 'hear' follow different rules — but 'help' is uniquely flexible
Examples 例句 She helps me (to) learn English. The tutor helped him (to) understand calculus.
Volunteers helped refugees (to) settle into new communities.
Real-World Contexts
■ ■ Natural Dialogue 场景对话
：A: How did your sister get into coding
B: My dad helped her (to) start with Python — he even built her first project!
A: That’s supportive! Did she find it easy
B: Not at first — but he helped her (to) debug every error until she got confident.
Academic Usage 学术表达Research shows that mentorship helps students (to) develop critical thinking earlier.
Peer feedback helps writers (to) refine arguments and strengthen evidence.
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Balance for Life
Unit Reflection & Real-life Connection: Work-Rest Harmony
Proverb Insight
■ "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy."
→ Literal meaning: If someone only works and never relaxes, they become boring and uninteresting.
→ Cultural origin: First recorded in James Howell's 1659 collection of proverbs; reflects Victorian-era concerns about child labor and intellectual stagnation.
→ Modern interpretation: Emphasizes neuroscientific truth — rest renews cognitive function, boosts creativity, and strengthens emotional resilience.
→ Cross-cultural parallel: Chinese saying "张弛有度" (zhāng chí yǒu dù) — 'balance tension and relaxation' — shares the same wisdom.
※ This proverb is not about laziness, but about sustainable growth through intentional rest.
Self-Reflection Questions
What activities have I learnt
■ Review vocabulary with precision:
① calligraphy — not just 'writing', but meditative art requiring focus and control
② skiing — a dynamic physical activity demanding coordination and courage
③ programming — logical thinking made tangible through creation
④ hiking, painting, yoga — diverse pathways to mindfulness and self-expression
→ These are not isolated words — they represent life skills: discipline, adaptability, problem-solving, and emotional regulation.
How do they help me Why do we need to relax
■ Functional analysis of leisure:
① to relax → lowers cortisol, restores attentional capacity (e.g., listening to music)
② to create → activates reward circuitry, builds identity (e.g., coding an app)
③ to express → processes emotions non-verbally (e.g., calligraphy or painting)
④ to connect → strengthens social bonds (e.g., team sports)
→ Scientific consensus: Rest is not passive — it’s active neural recalibration.
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