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(共20张PPT)
Unit 6 Crossing Cultures
Section A 4a—4c
To use adverbial clauses with so… that, unless, and as soon as to show result, condition, or time.
Objective
Do you still remember these words we learned before
unless
so that
as soon as
1. unless作连词，意为“除非;如果不”，引导条件状语从句，相当于if...not。如果主句为一般将来时或主句中的谓语含有情态动词，unless 引导的从句常用一般现在时。
I sleep with the window open unless it's really cold.= I sleep with the window open if it's not really cold.我开着窗户睡觉，除非天气非常冷/如果天气不是很冷。
Review
2. so that意为“为了;因此”，可以引导目的状语从句,相当于in order that。
（1）so that一般放在主句后，引导主句所表述动作的目的或动机(是一种可能性，而非事实)，此时从句中常出现情态动词may、might、can和could 等。
The boy spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him clearly.
这个男孩讲话很大声，以便每个人都能清楚地听到。
（2）so that还引导结果状语从句，意为“因此；所以”。
He stayed up late, so that he was late for class.
他熬夜到很晚，所以上课迟到了。
3. as soon as意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。通常情况下主句和从句时态要一致，但若主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表将来，即遵循“主将从现”原则。
I unpacked my bags as soon as I arrived.
我一到达就打开行李，整理衣物。
He will call me as soon as he comes to our city.
他一到我们城市，就会给我打电话。




































































































Grammar Focus
Do you ever bow No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Should I bring something Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don’t look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing!
4a
Read the sentences. What do the words in red means How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
不，那太正式了。我们现在不那样做。
so... that意为“如此……以至于……”。在此结构中，so为副词，修饰形容词或副词，that后跟结果状语从句。
It's so cold that I don't want to go out. 天太冷了，我不想出门。
so…that…
so…that…与such…that…的区别
so…that… ① so + adj./ adv. + that 从句
② so + adj.+ a/an + 可数名词单数 + that从句
③ so many/few + 可数名词复数 + that从句
④ so much/little（少）+ 不可数名词 + that从句
such…that… ① such a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + that从句
② such + adj. + 可数名词复数 + that从句
③ such + adj. + 不可数名词 + that 从句
He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.
他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。
Tom is so helpful a boy that we all like him.= Tom is such a helpful boy that we all like him.
汤姆是一个如此乐于助人的男孩，以至于我们都喜欢他。
There was so much smoke that they could see nothing.
浓烟密布，他们什么也看不到。
They are such good students that all teachers like them.
他们是如此优秀的学生，以至于所有的老师都喜欢他们。
It is such cold weather that I can't play in the park.
天气如此寒冷，以至于我不能在公园玩。
Bring a small gift, but don't bring food unless the host asks you to. 带一份小礼物，但除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。
unless作连词,意为“除非;如果不”,引导条件状语从句，相当于if...not。如果主句为一般将来时或主句中的谓语含有情态动词，unless 引导的从句常用一般现在时。
I sleep with the window open unless it's really cold. = I sleep with the window open if it's not really cold. 我开着窗户睡觉，除非天气非常冷/如果天气不是很冷。
unless
surprised意为“感到惊讶的” ，修饰人，侧重人内心产生的“惊讶、吃惊” 的情绪。
搭配：人（sb.）+ be surprised + (at sth./to do sth./that 从句)
常见主语：I、you、 he、 she、 they 等表示人的名词 / 代词。
I am surprised at the news. 我对这个消息感到惊讶。
She was surprised to see him here. 她看到他在这里很吃惊。
They were surprised that he won the game.
他们对他赢得比赛感到意外。
surprised与surprising的区别
surprising意为“令人惊讶的” ，修饰事物或事件，侧重事物本身
具有的 “让人感到惊讶” 的特征。
搭配：事物 / 事件（sth.）+ be surprising + (that 从句 /to sb)
常见主语：the news、the fact、it 等表示事物或情况的名词/代词。
The news is very surprising. 这个消息非常令人惊讶。
It is surprising that he finished the work in one hour.
他一小时就完成了工作，这太令人意外了。
This fact is surprising to me. 这个事实对我来说很意外。
surprised与surprising的区别
surprised/surprising 是英语中情感类形容词的典型代表，这类词的变形都遵循“-ed 修饰人，-ing 修饰物”的规律。如：
-ed（人的感受） -ing（事物的属性）
excited（兴奋的） exciting（令人兴奋的）
bored（无聊的） boring（令人无聊的）
tired（疲惫的） tiring（令人疲惫的）
interested（感兴趣的） interesting（有趣的）
embarrassed（尴尬的） embarrassing（令人尴尬的）
Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
4b
Turkiye: People don’t kiss one another on the cheek. They can do so if they are good friends.(unless)
In Turkiye, people don’t kiss one another on the cheek unless they are good friends.
2. Japan: Take off your shoes. You do this when you enter someone’s home.
(as soon as)
In Japan, take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone's home.
3. Kenya: Being late is very common. You should be patient and not expect people to be on time. (so … that)
4. China: Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude. You should avoid it. (so … that)
5. Mexico: Don’t use someone’s first name if you don’t know him or her well.
You can use it if the person invites you to do so.(unless)
In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time.
In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it.
In Mexico, don't use someone's first name unless the person invites you to do so.
Complete the passage with the words in the box. Can you tell where the writer is from
4c
surprising surprised interesting interested so … that as soon as unless
Do you know what culture shock is You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is different from your own you feel . For example, I experienced this I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, ever though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and
in learning about the culture there. It’s so to discover cultural differences like this!
so
surprised
that
unless
surprising
as soon as
interesting
interested
Exercises
I.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The little girl studied hard ______ she could pass the English test easily.
2. He was _____ surprised at the beautiful scenery ______ he forgot to take photos.
3. I will call you ____________ I get the news about the school trip.
4. This is a ___________ story, and all of us are __________ at it.
5. We won’t have a picnic in the park ______ the weather is fine this weekend.
unless so...that surprised surprising as soon as
unless
so
that
as soon as
surprising
surprised
unless
II.句型转换。
1. He didn’t go to the party because he didn’t get the invitation.（用 unless 改写）
He _________ go to the party ______ he got the invitation.
2.The movie is very interesting. All of us want to watch it again.（用 so...that... 合并为一句）
The movie is ______ interesting ______ all of us want to watch it again.
3. The news made her feel surprised.（改写为同义句，用 surprising）
The news was _________ _______her.
wouldn’t
unless
surprising to
so
that
Homework
Review the new words and key sentences we learned today.
Write a short passage about a cultural difference you have experience.(50words)

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