资源简介

(共27张PPT)
Unit 1
Career talks
Grammar
应用实践
迁移创新
学习理解
教学目标
识别并归纳课文中含有一般现在时和一般将来时被动语态的句子，总结其基本结构规则。
运用被动语态的规则，在一般现在时和一般将来时两种时态下正确改写句子。
联系个人认知，思考不同工作的价值，理解劳动的意义。
Robert cleans the windows.
The windows are cleaned by Robert.
Active 主动语态
Passive 被动语态
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态(Active Voice)和被动语态(Passive Voice)。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为主动语态;当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。
e.g. Many people speak English.(主动语态，句子的主语many
people是动作speak的执行者)
e.g. English is spoken by many people.(被动语态，句子的主语
English是动作speak的承受者)
Robert cleans the windows.
The windows are cleaned by Robert.
Active 主动语态
Passive 被动语态
句子侧重动作的发出者
语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。
句子侧重动作的承受者
Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.
(a)All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory.
(b)I'm reminded of some other friends I met through the glass.
What can you find
be + 过去分词
be + 过去分词
被动语态:主语是动作的承受者。
基本结构：be + 过去分词 (PP) +(by + 动作执行者)
一般现在时的被动语态
一般将来时的被动语态
一般过去时的被动语态
今天我们将学习一般现在时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态。
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
Para 1：
1.The past 30 years were filled with both challenges and joys.
（过去的30年充满了挑战与欢乐。）
结构：were (be动词) + filled (过去分词)
2.All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory.
（所有在高空的日子将被保存在我的记忆里。）
结构：will be (助动词+be动词) + kept (过去分词)
3. It was carefully cut into small pieces.
（它（西瓜）被小心地切成了小块。）
结构：was (be动词) + cut (过去分词)
Para 2：
4. I'm reminded of some other friends ...
（我被提醒起其他一些朋友……）
结构：I'm (即 I am，be动词) + reminded (过去分词)
Para 3：
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
4. Window cleaning is not always considered a good job, ...
擦窗户这项工作并不总被（人们）认为是一份好工作。
结构：is (be动词) + considered (过去分词)
Para 5：
Presentation
一般现在时被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的。一般现在时的被动语态的谓语形式为“am/ is/ are+及物动词的过去分词”。
This jacket is made of cotton.
Many trees are planted by us every year.
1. 肯定句: 主语 + am/is/are + 动词过去分词 (+ by +
动作执行者).
The sweet watermelon is always remembered by him.
2. 否定句: 主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词过去分词
(+ by + 动作执行者).
This job is not always understood by most people.
那个甜西瓜总被他记着。
这份工作并不总被大多数人理解。
句式
3. 一般疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词过去分词
(+ by + 动作执行者)
Are people encouraged by Robert’s speech
4. 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + am/is/are (+主语) + 动词过去分词
(+ by + 动作执行者)
How many stories are mentioned in Robert’s speech
罗伯特的演讲鼓舞了人们吗？
罗伯特的演讲中提到了几个故事
句式
一般将来时被动语态
The meeting will be held in the main hall tomorrow.
（会议明天将在主大厅举行。）
A new park will be built in our neighborhood next year.
（明年我们社区将建一个新公园。）
肯定句
Presentation
肯定句: 主语 +will be+ 动词过去分词 (+ by +
动作执行者).
一般将来时被动语态
The secret will not be told to anyone.
（这个秘密不会告诉任何人。）
The old bridge won‘t be repaired until next month.
（这座旧桥直到下个月才会被修复。）
否定句
Presentation
否定句: 主语 + will not (won’t) be + 动词过去分词
(+ by + 动作执行者).
一般将来时被动语态
Will the project be finished on time
（这个项目会按时完成吗？）
Will I be invited to the party
（我会被邀请参加派对吗？）
一般疑问句
Presentation
一般疑问句: Will + 主语 +be+ 动词过去分词
(+ by + 动作执行者)
一般将来时被动语态
When will the results be announced
（结果将在什么时候公布？）
Where will the ceremony be held
（仪式将在哪里举行？）
特殊疑问句
Presentation
特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + will +主语) + 动词过去分词
(+ by + 动作执行者)
Situation 1: 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。
② Chopsticks are usually made of wood.
① Many trees are planted every year.
Situation 2: 强调动作的承受者。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
每年种许多树。
筷子通常是由木头制成的。
世界上越来越多的人说中文了。
使用场景
Situation3.动作执行者不言而喻: 执行者是“人们”，“大家”等泛指对象。
English is spoken in many countries. （by people）
Situation 4.表达客观观点 ：常用于公告、说明文、科技文章中，使语气更客观。
It is suggested that the plan be revised.
（比“Someone suggests...”更正式）
使用场景
1.一般情况，直接加 –ed。
work → worked look → looked play → played
2.以不发音的字母 -e 结尾，只加 –d。
live → lived hope → hoped like → liked
3.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 -ed
study → studied carry → carried try → tried
注意：如果是“元音字母 + y”，则直接加 -ed。如：play → played, enjoy → enjoyed。
4.以“重读闭音节”结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母再加 –ed。
stop → stopped plan → planned prefer → preferred
规则动词的过去分词形式与其过去式完全相同，都是在动词原形后加 -ed，具体规则如下：
过去分词的变形规则
过去分词的变形规则
不规则动词的过去分词没有统一规则，但可以根据其变化模式分为以下几类，方便记忆：
1.AAA型：原形、过去式、过去分词完全一样
put- put – put cut –cut –cut cost –cost –cost
2.ABB型：过去式和过去分词一样
buy – bought – bought bring - brought - brought build - built - built
3.ABC型：三者都不一样
begin –began-begun sing - sang –sung do- did -done
4.其他常见且重要的不规则动词（必须熟记）
be - was/were – been go -went – gone see -saw - seen
write -wrote - written take - took taken
The boy sweeps the floor every day.
The floor is swept by the boy every day.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
主语
谓语（被动）
宾语
状语
口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词变被动。
主动语态变被动语态
1. English __________ (speak) by many people around the world.
2. A new bridge __________ (build) over the river next year.
3. The dishes __________ (wash) by my brother every evening.
4. I'm sure the lost keys ____________ (find) soon.
5. ______ letters ____________ (deliver) by the postman every day
is spoken
will be built
are washed
will be found
Are
be delivered
Rewrite the sentences in the passive in the simple present and the simple future.
1 The farmer plants flowers in early spring.
_________________________________________________
2 We usually clean up our office for holidays.
_________________________________________________
3 The school always holds a party to welcome new teachers.
_________________________________________________
4 The company will hold a job interview next month.
_________________________________________________
P7
Flowers are planted in early spring by the farmer.
Our office is usually cleaned up for holidays by us.
A party is always held by the school to welcome new teachers.
A job interview will be held by the company next month.
6
Complete the job posting using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets.
7
P7
Creative students _________ (need) for our team! Excellent communication skills _________ (expect), and a positive personality _________ (require).
Join us and make a difference! Come to Room 401 for more information.
Job duties
Benefits
Plan fun events that __________ (organise) throughout the year ahead.
Make sure the voices of students __________ (hear) on important matters.
You will make new friends.
Your leadership skills __________ (develop) by our training programme.
are needed
are expected
is required
will be organised
are heard
will be developed
Grammar
被动语态的“结构”、与“主系表”的辨析要点以及其主要使用语境
动词过去分词的规则变化与不规则变化
被动语态应用及相关练习
Summary
Must do:
1.记忆本节课的单词和短语，重点句型;
2.完成课后的相关练习。
Choose to do:
1.用被动语态造5个句子；
2.从本周的英语阅读材料（或歌曲、影视台词）中找出2-3个被动语态的句子，并尝试分析其用法。
Homework
Homework

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