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(共14张PPT)
Unit 8 Making a Difference
八年级英语人教版·下册
Section A (Grammar)
一、新课引入
What tense are these sentences in
He has collected stamps since 2020.
He has given away old books to poor kids since he was ten years old.
I have helped the elderly in the community for two years.
Present Perfect Tense.
二、新课讲解
现在完成时(二)
1. 核心
表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
I have learned to play the guitar for eight years. 我学习弹吉他已经有八年了。
My parents have been teachers since 2008. 我的父母自从 2008 年以来就一直是老师。
二、新课讲解
现在完成时(二)
2. 用法
常与“for + 一段时间” 或“since +过去某个时间点 / 从句 (从句用一般过去时)”连用。
(1) 此用法中，谓语动词必须用延续性动词 (否定句除外)。
I’ve had the book for three years. 这本书我买了3年了。
I haven’t seen him for a long time. 我很长时间没见他了。
二、新课讲解
现在完成时(二)
(2) 对for和since引导的时间状语提问用how long。
She has studied English for 5 years. 她学英语已经五年了。
→ How long has she studied English 她学英语多久了？
They have lived in this town since 2020. 自2020年以来，他们一直住在这个镇上。
→ How long have they lived in this town 他们在这个镇上住了多久了？
二、新课讲解
现在完成时(二)
3. 非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换
现在完成时表持续时，短暂性动词不能和 for / since 连用，需转换为延续性动词。
buy → have：I have had this book for 2 weeks. 这本书我已经买了两个星期了。
leave → be away：He has been away for 3 days. 他已经离开三天了。
二、新课讲解
现在完成时(二)
borrow→keep; buy→have; put on→wear; get to know→know; begin / start→be on; go out→be out; get to / arrive in / reach→be in; die→be dead; leave→be away; go to school→be in school; join→be in / be a member of; close→be closed; make friends→be friends; fall asleep→be asleep; marry→be married
三、归纳小结
一 、用 for 或 since 填 空
1. Tom’s uncle has been ill __________ two years.
2. __________ 2012, Dad has worked in this company.
3. —How long has your sister taught in this college
— __________ four years ago.
4. Fred has known Betty __________ he was five years old.
5. Tony has played computer games __________ two hours.
四、强化训练
Since
for
Since
since
for
二、同义句转换
1. Michael has been here for five years.
Michael __________ __________ five years __________.
2. I bought this computer last year.
I __________ __________ this computer __________ last year.
3. Mr Brown left Beijing two weeks ago.
Mr Brown __________ __________ __________ __________ Beijing for two weeks.
四、强化训练
came here
ago
have had
since
has been away from
三、完成句子
1. She has kept the little dog since she found it in the street. (对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ has she kept the little dog
2. Mike isn’t at home now. He went to the countryside. (合并为一个简单句)
Mike __________ __________ to the countryside.
3. They studied English last week. (用since two weeks ago代替last week改写句子)
They __________ __________ English since two weeks ago.
四、强化训练
How long
has gone
have studied
四、单项填空
( ) 1. Since last year, our school ________ free breakfasts to students in need.
A. offered B. has offered C. was offering D. will offer
( ) 2. Helen ________ this piano since 10 years ago. It is still like a new one now.
A. had B. has had C. would have D. was having
( ) 3. Since I was born, my family ________ in the same flat.
A. live B. will live C. are living D. have lived
四、强化训练
B
B
D
( ) 4. Mr Green ________ China for five years.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D. has come to
( ) 5. Hurry up! The movie ________ for ten minutes.
A. has begun B. began C. has been on D. will begin
( ) 6. —How long have you been learning to play the guitar, Mike
—For two years. I’ve kept practicing ________ I was 12 years old.
A. since B. when C. while D. because
四、强化训练
C
C
A
五、布置作业
Use the present perfect tense to describe your own volunteer experiences so far.

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