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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025 - 2026学年八年级英语下册单元综合素养培优卷沪教版(2024)
Unit 5 Saving animals in danger
注意事项
1. 全卷满分120分。考试时间120分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在指定区域，答在非答题区无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：60分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．— What a team! They' re always pulling together.
— Exactly. No ____ can separate them.
A．force B．pressure C．energy D．strength
2． Thanks to Mr. Xu, I've made great ____ in English.
A．trouble B．illness C．decision D．progress
3． —What happened to you You look upset.
—I missed the bus. The game was already in ____ when I arrived.
A．return B．progress C．search D．order
4． —What a cold day!
—The weather at the moment is not ____ for July.
A．strong B．typical C．lonely D．different
5．Famous actors don't want to be ______ in public.
A．recognized B．knew C．called D．showed
6． Bob was so ____that he drank up the whole bottle of water as soon as he arrived home.
A．magic B．strange C．relaxed D．thirsty
7．With the quality of life improved, so many people can live ______ 100 years old.
A．to up B．up to C．in to D．on to
8．I've made great _________in English study and I can speak to foreigners easily.
A．experience B．progress C．event D．chance
9．Cindy has made great ________in her math study with the help of Sarah.
A．experience B．information C．chance D．progress
10．— My dear, you have made ________________ in your English this term. Well done!
— Thank you, Mum. I will keep on working hard.
A．a progress B．progress C．progresses D．progressed
11．—My brother has ________ 20 kinds of model planes.
—He is really interested in planes.
A．up to B．up for C．at all D．all over
12．It's ________ Mr. Zhang ________ teach us English on weekends.
A．up to; to B．up to; for C．up for; to D．up for; for
13．The number of visitors will reach________200. We must try our best to get everything ready.
A．only B．up to C．less than D．as
14．Many young people work hard because they're ______ for success.
A．thirsty B．famous C．tired D．full
15．English is very important. You _______ speak it every day.
A．needn't B．ought C．ought to D．shouldn't
二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
Tiny, pink and quiet, with eyes closed… Xiwang was 100 grams when I first 16 her. Her birth brought much 17 to us. We named her Xiwang because it 18 “hope”.
In the beginning, Xiwang couldn’t see, hear or even move. We gave her round-the-clock care. At six months old, she began to eat bamboo. Half a year later, she weighed 19 35 kilograms. There is nothing more satisfying than seeing Xiwang
20 into a big ball of fur. When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after 21 .
Xiwang has a happy life here, 22 giant pandas face serious problems. They are very special animals. It is difficult for them 23 babies. Even if baby pandas are born, they may get sick and die 24 . What’s more, they live mainly 25 bamboo, but the bamboo forests are becoming much 26 than before. As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or enough food to eat.
Luckily, there are some laws to protect giant pandas and more nature reserves for them to live in. 27 , scientists are working hard to help them. Thanks to all the 28 , the number of giant pandas has increased.
But they still need our 29 . We must keep helping them, and we believe things will get better and better, for 30 there is Xiwang, there is hope. Let’s work together to build a better home for them!
16．A．got B．saw C．hunted D．filled
17．A．illness B．sadness C．happiness D．kindness
18．A．means B．calls C．says D．tells
19．A．much B．over C．under D．with
20．A．grow B．grows C．grew D．growing
21．A．she B．her C．hers D．herself
22．A．and B．but C．so D．or
23．A．have B．had C．having D．to have
24．A．easily B．mainly C．heavily D．correctly
25．A．in B．on C．with D．by
26．A．small B．smaller C．smallest D．the smallest
27．A．Moreover B．Instead C．Therefore D．However
28．A．reasons B．efforts C．mistakes D．inventions
29．A．problems B．products C．protection D．pollution
30．A．when B．where C．why D．how
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
（A）
①Around the world, many wild animals are in danger of extinction (灭绝) because they have no place to live in. Endangered wild animals live all over the world and you may find some in your hometown. Here are some steps for protecting endangered animals.
②Step 1: Find out what animals are in danger. Spend some time learning about animals and their favourite places.
③Step 2: Do something for nature reserves. Nature reserves are good places to help protect endangered animals. You can give some money to nature reserves or spend your time helping nature reserves to protect endangered animals.
④Step 3: Never buy anything that is made from endangered animals. Don’t do harm to endangered animals or their living places. Instead, we should try our best to protect them.
⑤Step 4: Join an endangered animal protection organisation (组织). You can save animals through these organisations by planting more trees and calling on more people to protect animals.
⑥If everyone works hard to protect endangered animals, we’ll get a more beautiful world. Let’s take action from now on!
31．Why are many wild animals in danger of extinction
A．Because they don’t have enough food or water.
B．Because they don’t have fresh air to breathe.
C．Because they have no place to live in.
D．Because people buy things that are made from endangered animals.
32．What does the underlined phrase “do harm to” mean
A．Hurt. B．Watch. C．Help. D．Keep.
33．Which of the following is TRUE about nature reserves
A．We can learn about animals and their favourite places in nature reserves.
B．We can give some money to nature reserves.
C．We can take photos with endangered animals in nature reserves.
D．We can buy things made from endangered animals in nature reserves.
34．(新考法 篇章结构题) What is the right structure of this passage
A．B．C． D．
35．Which can be the best title of the passage
A．Wild Animals
B．Nature Reserves
C．Endangered Animals
D．Protecting Endangered Animals
（B）
Hawaii has many special birds. Honeycreepers are one kind of them. These birds live only in Hawaii—you can’t find them anywhere else in the world! Long ago, there were over 50 kinds of honeycreepers, and they made their homes in the forests across the islands. But now, only 17 kinds are left, and they are in great danger. The biggest problem for these birds is a sickness (疾病) called avian malaria. Mosquitoes (蚊子) carry this sickness and spread it to the birds when they bite (咬).
Before the 1800s, there were no mosquitoes in Hawaii at all. When mosquitoes arrived here, the birds started getting sick and dying quickly. To stay alive, some honeycreepers flew higher into the mountain forests—they became the birds’ safe places. That’s because it was too cold there for mosquitoes to live.
But the weather is getting warmer now because of climate change. With warmer air, mosquitoes can fly higher too. They are getting to the birds’ last safe homes in the mountain forests. Even one bite from a mosquito can kill a honeycreeper!
In 2016, scientists had a smart idea to save the birds. They started putting special mosquitoes in the mountain forests. Sounds like a bad idea, right In fact, they are all special male (雄性) mosquitoes. They don’t bite birds or spread sickness. When female (雌性) mosquitoes have babies with them, the eggs can’t grow into new mosquitoes. Slowly, this will make the number of mosquitoes become smaller.
In 2023, to put more of these special male mosquitoes over larger areas, scientists thought of another way. They used planes. But planes cost a lot of money and are not very safe to use in high mountain areas. So now, they use drones (无人机) instead. Drones are cheap and they can get to the mountain forests easily. Scientists hope this clever way will help save honeycreepers.
36．What is the biggest problem for honeycreepers in Hawaii
A．Food. B．Animals. C．Sickness. D．Weather.
37．What makes the number of mosquitoes become smaller
A．Female mosquitoes can’t have eggs.
B．No new mosquitoes come from the eggs.
C．Male mosquitoes bite female mosquitoes.
D．Scientists put female mosquitoes over larger areas.
38．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Scientists plan to save honeycreepers with planes.
B．Over 50 kinds of honeycreepers are in danger now.
C．Climate change makes the mountains too cold for the birds.
D．Scientists use drones because they cost little and work well.
39．Which is the structure of the passage
A．①//②③④//⑤ B．①②//③//④⑤ C．①②③//④//⑤ D．①//②③//④⑤
40．What’s the best title for this article
A．Honeycreepers in Danger B．A New Use for Drones in Hawaii
C．Special Mosquitoes in Hawaii D．Scientists’ Way to Save Honeycreepers
（C）
The finless porpoise (江豚) is a kind of small whale that lives in the Yangtze River. It is one of the most endangered animals in China. There are only about 1,000 finless porpoises left in the wild.
Finless porpoises are friendly and smart. They have round heads and no dorsal fins( 背鳍), which makes them different from other whales. They feed on fish and shrimp. They can swim very fast and often jump out of the water to breathe.
However, the finless porpoise is in great danger. The main reasons are water pollution and overfishing. Factories pour waste water into the Yangtze River, which makes the water dirty. Overfishing reduces the number of fish that porpoises eat. Also, the construction of dams (大坝) changes their living environment.
To protect the finless porpoise, the Chinese government has taken many measures. For example, it has set up nature reserves (保护区) along the Yangtze River. Fishing is not allowed in these areas. Also, stricter rules are made to stop water pollution. Scientists are also studying the porpoises to learn more about their behavior and how to protect them.
Everyone can do something to help. We should not throw rubbish into rivers. We can also tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the finless porpoise. Let's work together to save this lovely animal.
41．What makes finless porpoises different from other whales
A．They are smaller. B．They have round heads and no dorsal fins.
C．They swim faster. D．They feed on fish and shrimp.
42．Why are finless porpoises in danger
① Water pollution ② Overfishing ③ Too many nature reserves ④ Dam construction
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④
43．What has the government done to protect finless porpoises
A．It has stopped all factories along the Yangtze River.
B．It has allowed fishing in some areas.
C．It has set up nature reserves.
D．It has done nothing.
44．What can we do to help finless porpoises
A．Throw rubbish into rivers. B．Tell others about protecting them.
C．Fish in nature reserves. D．Pollute the water.
45．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Finless porpoises are friendly and smart.
B．Finless porpoises are in danger and need protection.
C．The government has taken measures to protect finless porpoises.
D．Everyone can help protect finless porpoises.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：60分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．Many wild animals are in ________ (dangerous) now.
47．Many animals ________ (die) because of pollution.
48．We can’t afford ________ (lose) more wild animals.
49．Practice is key to ________ (improve) your English-speaking skills.
50．We should stop people from ________ (hunt) wild animals.
51．We can ________ (改变) the situation by protecting nature.
52．Many animals ________ (消失) because of losing their homes.
53．The ________ (自然保护区) helps animals live safely.
54．We should ________ (尊重) every life on the earth.
55．We can ________ (筹集) money to help animals in danger.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．我们应该阻止人们猎杀野生动物。
We should ________ people ________ hunting wild animals.
57．自然保护区是动物的安全家园。
________ ________ are safe homes for animals.
58．砍伐森林会让动物失去家园。
Cutting down forests makes animals ________ ________ ________.
59．为了避免人象冲突，志愿者在路边留下了玉米和水果。
To avoid human-elephant conflicts, volunteers left bags of corn and fruit ________ ________ ________.
60．建立国家公园是保护动物家园的有效方法。
________ ________ a national park is an effective way to ________ ________ ________ of animals.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号相应位置上。
The Indian rhino, also known as the greater one-horned rhino, is the largest kind of rhino on earth. When a boy rhino grows up, it can reach n 61 3,000 kilograms in weight. It stands taller than most humans. True to its name, the one-horned rhino has just one horn, setting it a 62 from its African relatives. However, it’s not the only rhino with one horn—the Javan rhino also has a s 63 horn.
The Indian rhino is one of the most successful examples in animal p 64 . The big animals once lived in the north of India. However, they were hunted for sport and killed by farmers, causing their number to d 65 . At the start of the 20th century, there were only around 200 Indian rhinos. Thanks to great efforts, the number increases 20 times over now.
The big animals like to live alone, b 66 they are friendly to each other. Wallowing (打滚) is an important activity for them—they find a wonderful mud p 67 and play together there. They love to c 68 they skin with mud in order to stay cool on hot days. Mud can also help to keep insects away from their skin and stop strong sunlight from h 69 them. Because Indian rhinos spend their afternoons wallowing, they usually eat during the early morning and late evening when the t 70 is cooler.
Indian rhinos play an important role in our ecosystem and help to keep nature balanced. We are family under the same sky.
七、材料作文（本大题共25分）
71．动物与人类共享世界，是人类的好朋友，但由于种种原因，越来越多的野生动物处于濒危状态。假设某英文杂志社举办题为“Let’s protect wild animals!”的征文比赛，请根据提示写一篇征文。提示如下：
1. 你最喜欢的野生动物？
2. 我们为什么要保护野生动物？
3. 我们该如何保护野生动物？
4. 你的倡议：……
要求：
1. 文中须包含所给提示信息，可适当发挥；
2. 语言通顺，行文连贯，语法正确，书写规范；
3. 80词左右；题目已给出，不计入总词数；
4. 文中不得出现真实校名和姓名。
Let’s protect wild animals!
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：——多么团结的一支队伍啊！他们总是齐心协力。——没错。没有任何力量能将他们分开。A.外在力量；B.压力；C.能量；D.内在力量。They' re always pulling together.他们总是齐心协力，结合选项可知讲的是没有任何外在力量能将他们分开，故选A。
【点评】 考查名词辨析，首先理解名词词义，然后根据关键词句They' re always pulling together.确定答案，理解句意。
2．D
【解析】句意：多亏了徐老师，我在英语方面取得了很大进步。A.trouble（麻烦）；B.illness（疾病）；C.decision（决定）；D.progress（进步）。"make progress"是固定短语（取得进步），符合"在英语方面"的语境，故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。掌握固定短语"make progress"的搭配，结合"学习英语"的语境选择合适名词。
3．B
【解析】句意：——你怎么了？你看起来很沮丧。——我错过了公交车。当我到达的时候，比赛已经……。A. return 返回 B. progress 进展 C. search 搜索 D. order 命令，根据 I missed the bus. 可知，我因为错过公交而不能及时看比赛，The game was already in progress意味着比赛已经在进行中了，用progress最符合语境，故答案为B。
【点评】考查名词，注意抽象名词多为不可数名词。
4．B
【解析】句意：——多么冷的一天啊！——此刻的天气对于七月来说并不典型。A：strong - 这个词通常用来描述力量、体力或者某物的坚固程度，如"a strong wind"（大风）。B：typical - 这个词表示某事物是某种类型或情况中常见的或典型的。C：lonely - 这个词通常用来形容人的孤独感或者某个地方人迹罕至。D：different - 这个词表示不同。句子中表达了当前天气与七月常见的天气不相符的情况，而"typical"一词能够准确地表达这种"典型性"的缺失，即这种天气在七月是不常见的或不是典型的。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词在具体语境下的正确运用。需要考生根据句子的整体意思和语境，选择合适的形容词来描述或解释某一现象或状态。在这里，考生需要理解"typical"一词在描述天气或某一现象时表示"典型的"或"常见的"的含义，并能够区分它与"different"等词在表达上的差异。
5．A
【解析】句意：著名演员不想在公众面前被认出来。A认出，B知道，C打电话，D出示，根据Famous actors don't want，可知是不想在公众面前被认出来，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意识记recognized的用法。
6．D
【解析】句意：鲍勃非常渴，一到家就喝光了整瓶水。A有魔力的，B陌生的，C放松的，D渴的，根据drank up the whole bottle of water，可知很渴，故选D。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意识记thirsty的用法。
7．B
【解析】句意：随着生活质量的提高，很多人可以活到100岁。live up to+年龄，活到……岁，固定用法，故答案为B。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意识记固定搭配中介词的用法。
8．B
【解析】句意：我在英语学习上取得了很大的进步，我能很容易地和外国人说话。A 经历；B 进步；C 事件；D 机会。结合语句中的 I can speak to foreigners easily.可知此空表示“进步。”make great progress in...，意为"在……方面取得很大进步"。故答案为B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意熟知每个选项的基本含义，根据语境确定最佳选项。
9．D
【解析】句意：Cindy在Sarah的帮助下在数学方面取得了极大的进步。A.经历；B.信息；C.机会；D.进步。make great progress in sth.，在方面取得巨大进步，固定搭配，故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析，注意平时识记固定搭配make great progress in sth.，理解句意。
10．B
【解析】句意：——亲爱的，这学期你的英语进步了。做得好！——谢谢你，妈妈。我会继续努力的。progress，进步，不可数名词。make progress，取得进步，固定结构。故答案为B。
【点评】考查名词progress的基本含义及用法。
11．A
【解析】句意：—— 我哥哥有多达20种模型飞机。——他对飞机真地很感兴趣。up to高达；up for多至；at all究竟；all over到处。根据He is really interested in planes.可知，哥哥有多达20种模型飞机。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意固定短语up to的用法。
12．A
【解析】句意：周末轮到张老师教我们英语了。固定搭配，up to sb 轮到某人，某人的责任，to do sth，去做某事，up to sb to do sth，轮到某人做某事，故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配和动词不定式，注意识记固定搭配up to sb的用法。
13．B
【解析】句意：参观人数将达到200人。我们必须尽最大努力把一切准备好。only仅仅，仅有；up to高达；less than少于；as作为。根据下句We must try our best to get everything ready.可知是“高达，达到”的意思，故答案为B。
【点评】考查副词辨析。注意识记up to的用法。
14．A
【解析】句意：许多年轻人工作很努力因为他们渴望成功。thirsty渴的，渴望的，famous著名的，tired劳累的，full满的，饱的。be thirsty for sth 渴望得到某物,结合句意和语境，故答案为A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意识记形容词thirsty的用法。
15．C
【解析】句意：英语是非常重要的。你应该每天说它。A： needn't ，不必。B： ought ，应该，要与to连用，相当于should。C： ought to，应该，相当于should。D： shouldn't，不应该。根据English is very important.可知，英语是很重要的，所以推测出应该每天说英语，故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析。注意情态动词本身的含义，结合句意，选出正确答案。
16．B 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了熊猫希望的成长过程，介绍了大熊猫面临的生存难题，以及当下的保护措施和成果，呼吁人们继续保护大熊猫。
16．句意：当我第一次看到她时，“希望”只有100克。
got得到；saw看见；hunted猎杀；filled充满。根据“first”和下文“Her birth… We named her Xiwang”可知，这是我们第一次见到希望。故选B。
17．句意：它的出生给我们带来了许多欢乐。
illness疾病；sadness悲伤；happiness欢乐；kindness善良。根据“Tiny, pink and quiet”可知，希望很可爱以及给它起名“希望”，所以它的出生是一件令人高兴的事。故选C。
18．句意：我们给它起名“希望”，因为它意味着“希望”。
means意味着；calls称呼；says说；tells告诉。根据“We named her Xiwang because it… ‘hope’”可知，此处是解释名字的含义，“mean”意为“意思是，表示”。故选A。
19．句意：半年后，它的体重超过了35公斤。
much很多；over超过；under在……下；with和……一起。根据“35 kilograms”可知，此处描述熊猫的体重，此处表示“超过……”。“over”表示“超过……”，符合“35 kilograms”前的语境。故选B。
20．句意：没有什么比看着希望长成一只毛茸茸的大团子更令人满足的了。
grow生长（动词原形）；grows生长（第三人称单数）；grew生长（过去式）；growing生长（动名词/现在分词）。根据“seeing Xiwang… into a big ball of fur”可知，此处指看到希望长成为一只毛茸茸的大团子，see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”，强调看见整个成长的过程。故选A。
21．句意：当它20个月大时，它学会了照顾自己。
she她（主格）；her她（宾格）；hers她的（名词性物主代词）；herself她自己（反身代词）。根据短语“look after”（照顾）可知，后接宾语。结合主语“she”和句意“照顾自己”，应使用反身代词“herself”。故选D。
22．句意：“希望”在这里生活得很幸福，但是大熊猫面临着严重的问题。
and和；but但是；so所以；or或者。根据“Xiwang has a happy life here, … giant pandas face serious problems.”可知，前半句说“希望”生活幸福，后半句说大熊猫面临问题，前后是转折关系。故选B。
23．句意：对它们来说，生孩子很困难。
have（动词原形）；had（过去式）；having（动名词/现在分词）；to have（动词不定式）。根据“It is difficult for them”可知，此处是“It is difficult for sb. to do sth.”的固定句型，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式“to have babies”。故选D。
24．句意：即使熊猫宝宝出生了，它们也可能生病并轻易死去。
easily轻易地；mainly主要地；heavily沉重地；correctly正确地。根据“get sick and die”可知，此处描述熊猫幼崽体弱，容易死亡。“easily”符合语境。故选A。
25．句意：更重要的是，它们主要依靠竹子为生。
in在……里；on以……为食，依靠……生活；with和……一起；by通过……方式。根据“live mainly… bamboo”可知，此处表示“以……为食”，用“live on”。故选B。
26．句意：但是竹林变得比以前小得多了。
small小的（原级）；smaller更小的（比较级）；smallest最小的（最高级，缺少冠词）；the smallest最小的（最高级）。根据“than before”可知，此处为比较级结构，表示“比以前小”。故选B。
27．句意：而且，科学家们正在努力帮助它们。
Moreover而且，此外（表递进）；Instead相反地；Therefore因此；However然而。根据“Luckily, there are some laws to protect giant pandas and more nature reserves for them to live in.”可知，前一句讲有法律和保护区保护熊猫，此句讲科学家也在努力，是进一步的积极措施，为递进关系。故选A。
28．句意：多亏了所有的努力，大熊猫的数量增加了。
reasons原因；efforts努力；mistakes错误；inventions发明。根据“scientists are working hard”和“Thanks to”可知，此处应指人们的“努力”使得熊猫数量增加。故选B。
29．句意：但它们仍然需要我们的保护。
problems问题；products产品；protection保护；pollution污染。根据“We must keep helping them”可知，我们必须继续帮助它们，所以它们仍然需要我们的“保护”。故选C。
30．句意：我们必须继续帮助它们，并且我们相信事情会越来越好，因为哪里有“希望”，哪里就有希望。
when当……时；where在……地方；why为什么；how怎样。根据“there is hope”可知，此处是“where there is…， there is…”的固定句型，意为“哪里有……，哪里就有……”。故选B。
31．C 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．D
【导语】本文从四个方面介绍了如何保护濒临灭绝的动物。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“Around the world, many wild animals are in danger of extinction (灭绝) because they have no place to live in.”可知，很多野生动物处于灭绝的危险中，是因为它们没有地方生活。故选C。
32．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Don’t do harm to endangered animals or their living places. Instead, we should try our best to protect them.”可知，不要do harm to濒临灭绝的动物或其栖息地，相反地，我们应该尽最大努力保护他们。前句和后句为相反的意思，后句是“保护”他们，那么前句应该是“伤害”他们。由此可知，do harm to意为“伤害”。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“You can give some money to nature reserves or spend your time helping nature reserves to protect endangered animals.”可知，你可以给自然保护区一些钱来帮助野生动物。故选B。
34．篇章结构题。第①段为总起段，讲述保护濒临灭绝的动物需要一些步骤；第②③④⑤段分别讲述如何保护濒临灭绝的动物，为并列段落；第⑥段为总结段，呼吁大家都要付诸行动来保护濒临灭绝的动物。所以本文的结构为：总—分—总。故选B。
35．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文从四个方面介绍了如何保护濒临灭绝的动物。所以最佳标题为“保护濒危动物”。故选D。
36．C 37．B 38．D 39．D 40．D
【导语】本文介绍夏威夷珍稀鸟类旋蜜雀面临的生存危机，以及科学家借助特殊蚊子和无人机展开的拯救措施。
36．细节理解题。根据“The biggest problem for these birds is a sickness (疾病) called avian malaria.”可知，旋蜜雀面临的最大问题是名为鸟疟疾的疾病，故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“When female (雌性) mosquitoes have babies with them, the eggs can’t grow into new mosquitoes. Slowly, this will make the number of mosquitoes become smaller.”可知，雌雄蚊子交配后产下的卵无法发育成新蚊子，使得蚊子数量减少，故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“But planes cost a lot of money and are not very safe to use in high mountain areas. So now, they use drones (无人机) instead. Drones are cheap and they can get to the mountain forests easily.”可知，科学家选用无人机是因为其成本低且能顺利抵达山林区域，故选D。
39．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段介绍旋蜜雀的基本情况与生存危机，第二段和第三段分析危机产生的原因，第四段和第五段讲述科学家的拯救方法，故选D。
40．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕旋蜜雀的濒危处境，以及科学家对应的一系列保护方案展开叙述，最佳标题为“科学家拯救蜜雀的方法”，故选D。
41．B 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕长江江豚展开介绍，先说明了江豚的外形、习性等基本特征，接着阐述了江豚濒危的主要原因，随后介绍了政府为保护江豚采取的相关措施，最后呼吁大众参与到保护江豚的行动中，主旨是江豚正处于濒危状态，亟需人类的保护。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段“They have round heads and no dorsal fins， which makes them different from other whales.”可知，江豚与其他鲸鱼的区别是头部圆润且没有背鳍。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据第三段“The main reasons are water pollution and overfishing…Also, the construction of dams changes their living environment.”可知，江豚濒危的原因包括水污染、过度捕捞和大坝建设，对应①②④。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, it has set up nature reserves along the Yangtze River.”可知，政府采取的保护措施之一是建立自然保护区。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段“We can also tell our friends and family about the importance of protecting the finless porpoise.”可知，我们可以向他人宣传保护江豚的重要性。故选B。
45．主旨大意题。文章整体先介绍江豚的基本情况，再点明其濒危现状和原因，最后给出保护措施和呼吁，核心主旨是江豚处于危险之中，需要保护。故选B。
46．danger
【解析】句意：许多野生动物现在处于危险之中。根据“Many wild animals are in…now.”以及提示词可知，许多野生动物现在处于危险之中，in danger“处于危险之中”，固定搭配。故填danger。
47．die/are dying
【解析】句意：许多动物因污染而死亡。若表示客观事实或普遍情况，可用一般现在时，主语 “Many animals” 是复数，因此用动词原形die。若表示动作即将发生，可用现在进行时 “be+现在分词”表将来，主语为复数，be动词用 “are”，“die” 的现在分词是 “dying”，因此填are dying。故填die/are dying。
48．to lose
【解析】句意：我们承受不起失去更多野生动物。can’t afford to do sth.“负担不起做某事”，固定搭配，此处应用to lose。故填to lose。
49．improving
【解析】句意：练习是提升英语口语能力的关键。improve“提升”，动词，根据此句的“is key to”的“to”是介词可知，介词后接动名词作宾语。故填improving。
50．hunting
【解析】句意：我们应该阻止人们捕杀野生动物。hunt“打猎”，设空处前是介词，接动名词形式，stop sb. doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，固定搭配。故填hunting。
51．change
【解析】句意：我们可以通过保护自然来改变这种情况。根据汉语提示“改变”可知，其对应英文为“change”。情态动词“can”后接动词原形。故填change。
52．disappear
【解析】句意：许多动物因失去家园而消失。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填disappear“消失”，陈述事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Many animals为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填disappear。
53．nature reserve
【解析】句意：自然保护区帮助动物安全生活。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填nature reserve“自然保护区”，名词性短语。故填nature reserve。
54．respect
【解析】句意：我们应该尊重地球上的每一个生命。根据中文提示“尊重”及句子结构可知，空格位于情态动词should之后，需填动词原形；respect“尊重”，是及物动词，直接接宾语“every life”。故填respect。
55．raise
【解析】句意：我们可以筹集资金来帮助处于危险中的动物。根据汉语提示“筹集”以及后面的“money”可知，此处应使用动词“raise”，“raise money”是固定搭配，意为“筹集资金”。又因为情态动词“can”后应跟动词原形，故填raise。
56．stop from
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，填空处为“阻止……做某事”，stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，是常见的英文表达之一，should后接动词原形。故填stop；from。
57．Nature reserves
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“自然保护区”。nature reserves“自然保护区”，名词短语作主语。由谓语“are”可知，主语需用复数形式。故填Nature；reserves。
58．lose their homes
【解析】句意：砍伐森林会让动物失去家园。根据中英文对照可知，此处需要表达“失去家园”，lose one’s home表示“失去家园”；主语animals为复数，one’s对应应用their；home用复数形式表示所有动物的家园，与主语animals保持一致。故填lose；their；homes。
59．on the roadside
【解析】由汉语提示可知，此处缺少“在路边”on the roadside。故填on；the；roadside。
60．Setting up protect the homes
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“建立”和“保护……家园”。“建立”的英文表达为“Setting up”，动名词短语作句子主语；“保护……家园”的英文表达为“protect the homes”，“to”后接动词原形构成不定式，作后置定语修饰名词“way”。故填Setting；up；protect；the；homes。
61．nearly/early 62．apart/part 63．small/mall 64．protection/rotection 65．drop/rop 66．but/ut 67．pool/ool 68．cover/over 69．harming/arming 70．temperature/emperature
【导语】本文主要介绍了印度犀牛的体型，犀牛角，生活习性等。
61．句意：当一只雄性犀牛长大时，它的重量可以达到近3000公斤。根据文中“When a boy rhino grows up, it can reach…3,000 kilograms in weight.”及首字母可知，此处指的是重量几乎3000公斤。副词nearly意为“几乎，将近”，符合句意。故填nearly。
62．句意：单角犀牛只有一个角，这使它与其非洲亲属区分开。根据文中“True to its name, the one-horned rhino has just one horn, setting it…from its African relatives.”及首字母可知，此处指的是与其非洲亲属区分开。set…apart from意为“与……区分开”，固定短语，符合句意。故填apart。
63．句意：然而，这并不是唯一一只长有一个角的犀牛——爪哇犀牛也长有一个小角。根据文中“the Javan rhino also has a…horn.”及首字母可知，此处指的是爪哇犀牛也长有一个小角。形容 词“small”意为“小的”，形容词作定语修饰名词“horn”，符合句意。故填small。
64．句意：印度犀牛是动物保护最成功的例子之一。根据文中“The Indian rhino is one of the most successful examples in animal…”及首字母和下文可知，此处指的是在动物保护方面，protect意为“保护”，又因为此空在介词“in”后作宾语，因此用名词“protection”。故填protection。
65．句意：然而，它们曾被当作狩猎取乐的目标，也遭到农民的捕杀，导致它们的数量下降。根据文中“However, they were hunted for sport and killed by farmers, causing their number to…”及首字母可知，此处指的是数量下降，动词“drop”意为“下降”，cause sb./sth. to do sth. 意为“导致某人/某物做某事”，固定短语，符合句意。故填drop。
66．句意：这些大动物喜欢独居，但是它们彼此很友好。根据文中“The big animals like to live alone…they are friendly to each other.”及首字母可知，空格前后“The big animals like to live alone”和“they are friendly to each other”之间为转折关系。故填but。
67．句意：打滚对他们来说是一项重要的活动——他们找到一个很棒的泥塘，在那里一起玩耍。根据文中“they find a wonderful mud…and play together there.”及首字母可知，此处指的是找到一个泥塘，pool“池塘”，由于空前“a”可知，空处应为可数名词单数形式。故填pool。
68．句意：他们喜欢用泥覆盖皮肤，以便在热天保持凉爽。根据文中“They love to…they skin with mud in order to stay cool on hot days.”及首字母可知，此处指的是用泥覆盖皮肤，cover…with…“用……覆盖……”，固定短语，符合句意。故填cover。
69．句意：泥浆也可以帮助昆虫远离它们的皮肤，阻止强烈的阳光伤害它们。根据文中“Mud can also help to keep insects away from their skin and stop strong sunlight from…them.”及首字母可知，此处指的是泥浆可以阻止强烈的阳光伤害它们。stop…from doing“阻止……做某事”，固定短语，符合句意。故填harming。
70．句意：因为印度犀牛下午都在打滚，所以它们通常在清晨和傍晚气温较低时进食。根据文中“they usually eat during the early morning and late evening when the…is cooler.”及首字母可知，此处指的是它们通常在清晨和傍晚气温较低时进食。temperature“气温”，符合句意。故填temperature。
71．例文：
Let’s protect wild animals!
My favorite wild animals are pandas. They are lovely and mainly live in China. I like them best because they are gentle and fun.
Wild animals are important to us. They help keep the balance in nature. But many wild animals are in danger now. People cut down forests and pollute the environment, causing them to lose their homes.
To protect wild animals, we should create more nature reserves and stop polluting.
Let’s work together to protect wild animals and build a better world for them!
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：征文（材料作文）。
②时态：一般现在时。
③提示：介绍最喜爱的野生动物、保护原因、具体措施及倡议。
[写作步骤]
第一步：开门见山说明最喜爱的野生动物（熊猫），简单描述特点。
第二步：说明保护野生动物的原因。说明野生动物的重要性以及它们面临的威胁。
第三步：提出保护措施，并发出倡议。
[亮点词汇]
①keep the balance in nature保持自然平衡
②cut down砍伐
③build a better world建造一个更好的世界
[高分句型]
①People cut down forests and pollute the environment, causing them to lose their homes. (现在分词作结果状语)
②To protect wild animals, we should create more nature reserves and stop polluting. (动词不定式作目的状语)
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