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译林版（2024）八年级下册Unit 1 Past and present 词汇变形100题 答案+解析
一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式
1. honour（荣誉，不可数名词，the honour of…为固定搭配“……的荣誉”）
2. pioneering（开拓性的，形容词，修饰名词work，pioneer的形容词形式）
3. industry（工业，the car industry为固定搭配“汽车工业”，单数即可）
4. pioneer（先锋，可数名词，a后接单数形式）
5. educational（有教育意义的，形容词，与fun并列作表语）
6. cultural（文化的，形容词，修饰名词events，culture的形容词形式）
7. used to（过去常常，固定搭配used to do sth“过去常常做某事”）
8. crowded（拥挤的，形容词，be crowded“拥挤的”）
9. convenient（方便的，形容词，修饰名词way）
10. technology（科技，modern technology“现代科技”，不可数名词）
11. underground（地铁，take the underground“乘地铁”，固定搭配）
12. speed（速度，the speed of…“……的速度”，不可数名词）
13. progress（进步，make great progress“取得巨大进步”，progress为不可数名词）
14. electric（电动的，形容词，修饰名词cars）
15. citizen（公民，every后接可数名词单数）
mon（普遍的，形容词，more and more后接形容词原级）
17. public（公共的，形容词，public places“公共场所”，固定搭配）
18. line（线路，the new line“新线路”，特指用单数）
19. high-speed（高速的，复合形容词，修饰名词internet connection，固定形式）
20. facilities（设施，many后接可数名词复数，facility的复数为facilities）
21. opinion（看法，give one’s opinion“发表某人的看法”，此处用单数即可）
22. reform（改革，the reform of education“教育改革”，不可数名词）
23. award（奖项，an后接可数名词单数）
fortable（舒适的，形容词，修饰名词learning environment）
25. industries（行业，many后接可数名词复数，industry的复数为industries）
26. used（曾经，used to do sth“曾经做某事”，固定搭配）
27. wider（宽的，a little后接形容词比较级，wide的比较级为wider）
28. courage（勇气，名词，our后接名词，encourage one’s courage“鼓舞某人的勇气”）
29. villagers（村民，these后接可数名词复数，villager的复数为villagers）
30. Rows（排；列；行，row为可数名词，谓语give为原形，主语用复数Rows，句首首字母大写）
31. Tourism（旅游业，观光业，不可数名词，作主语）
32. industries（产业，可数名词，此处表泛指用复数，industry的复数为industries）
33. avenues（林荫道，a lot of后接可数名词复数，avenue的复数为avenues）
34. since（自……以来，连词，引导时间状语）
35. recently（近来，副词，作时间状语，常用于现在完成时）
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1. has built（in the past 5 years为现在完成时标志，主语the government为单数，结构为has+done，build的过去分词为built）
2. wider（than为比较级标志，wide的比较级为wider）
3. development（under为介词，后接名词，develop的名词形式为development，under development“在发展中”）
4. pioneering（形容词，修饰名词research，pioneer的形容词形式“开拓性的”）
5. certainly（副词，修饰动词help，certain的副词形式）
6. wealthier（even后接形容词比较级，wealth的形容词为wealthy，比较级为wealthier）
7. Certainly（副词，置于句首作状语，表“当然”，首字母大写）
8. tourism（名词，the development of后接名词，tour的名词形式为tourism“旅游业”）
9. lying（there be sb/sth doing sth“有某人/某物正在做某事”，lie的现在分词为lying“躺”）
10. to tell（remember to do sth“记得去做某事”，表动作未发生，固定搭配）
11. impossible（形容词，由“I’m too busy”可知“一小时完成工作是不可能的”，possible的反义词为impossible）
12. Recently（副词，置于句首作时间状语，首字母大写，recent的副词形式）
13. haven’t found（so far为现在完成时标志，主语they为复数，否定形式为haven’t+done，find的过去分词为found）
14. have; been（never为现在完成时标志，主语I，结构为have+done，be的过去分词为been，have been to“去过某地”）
15. educational（形容词，修饰名词activities，education的形容词形式）
16. facilities（many后接可数名词复数，facility的复数为facilities）
17. educational（形容词，作表语，与very连用，表“有教育意义的”）
18. pollution（名词，air pollution“空气污染”，固定搭配，pollute的名词形式为pollution，不可数）
19. muddy（形容词，作表语，表“泥泞的”，mud的形容词形式为muddy）
20. hasn’t finished（yet为现在完成时否定标志，主语she为单数，结构为hasn’t+done，finish的过去分词为finished）
21. have taken（since 2010为现在完成时标志，主语Great changes为复数，take place无被动，过去分词为taken）
22. produce（宾语从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语electric buses为复数，谓语用原形produce）
23. how to use（“疑问词+不定式”结构，作show的宾语，表“如何使用”）
24. Have; eaten（ever为现在完成时标志，主语you，一般疑问句将have提前，eat的过去分词为eaten）
25. has organized（this year为现在完成时标志，主语the school art club为单数，结构为has+done，organize的过去分词为organized）
26. villagers（名词，表“村民”，作watch的宾语，用复数villagers表泛指）
27. citizens（many后接可数名词复数，citizen的复数为citizens）
28. technology（名词，modern technology“现代科技”，不可数名词）
29. has developed; development（第一空：since the late 1980s为现在完成时标志，主语China为单数，填has developed；第二空：modern后接名词，develop的名词为development“发展”，不可数）
30. creativity（名词，与confidence并列，creative的名词形式为creativity“创造力”，不可数）
31. industries（a lot of后接可数名词复数，industry的复数为industries）
32. especially（副词，修饰形容词interesting，especial的副词形式）
33. uncommon（形容词，由“surprising”可知“一月的暖天气不常见”，common的反义词为uncommon）
34. rows（名词，the rows of desks“一排排桌子”，用复数表泛指）
35. married（形容词，get married“结婚”，固定搭配）
三、根据首字母提示完成句子
1. since（自……以来，连词，引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时）
2. speed（速度，a maximum speed of“最高速度为……”，固定搭配）
3. technology（科技，modern technology“现代科技”，不可数名词）
4. excellent（极好的，形容词，修饰名词grade，an excellent grade“优异的成绩”）
5. However（然而，副词，表转折，置于句首首字母大写）
6. used（used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，固定搭配，I used to be afraid of dogs“我过去怕狗”）
7. transport（交通工具，different kinds of transport“不同种类的交通工具”，不可数名词）
8. crowded（拥挤的，形容词，be crowded“拥挤的”，符合“早市人多”语境）
9. convenient（方便的，形容词，it’s convenient to do sth“做某事很方便”，固定句型）
10. honour（荣誉，a great honour“极大的荣幸”，固定搭配）
11. pioneer（先锋，a后接单数名词，a pioneer of…“……的先驱”）
12. wide（宽的，形容词，作表语，与前文narrow形成对比）
13. wide range（本题首字母为w，结合语境填wide，a wide range of“各种各样的”，固定搭配）
14. developed（发展，develop into“发展成为”，over the past 20 years为现在完成时标志，填developed）
15. educational（有教育意义的，形容词，修饰名词toy，符合“鲁班锁是益智玩具”语境）
16. Recently（近来，副词，置于句首作时间状语，首字母大写）
municate（交流，communicate with sb“与某人交流”，情态动词can后接动词原形）
18. public（公共的，public places“公共场所”，固定搭配）
19. northern（北方的，形容词，修饰名词part，the northern part“北部”）
20. connect; present（connect…with…“把……和……连接起来”，情态动词can后接动词原形connect；present“现在”，the past and the present“过去和现在”）
四、根据句意及音标填空
1. industries（/ nd striz/，industry的复数形式，表“行业；产业”）
2. electric（/ lektr k/，形容词，electric bicycle“电动自行车”）
3. technology（/tek n l d i/，名词，表“科技；技术”，不可数）
4. giant（/ d a nt/，形容词，修饰名词fish，a giant fish“一条大鱼”）
5. common（/ k m n/，形容词，a common sport“一项常见的运动”）
6. development（/d vel pm nt/，本题音标补全为/d vel pm nt/，名词，children’s development“孩子的成长发展”）
7. already（/ l redi/，副词，表“已经”）
8. empty（/ empti/，动词，表“倒空”，主语they，every day用一般现在时，谓语用原形）
9. convenient（/k n vi ni nt/，形容词，it’s convenient to do sth“做某事方便”）
10. Certainly（/ s t( )nli/，副词，置于句首表“当然”，首字母大写）译林版（2024）八年级下册Unit 1 Past and present
单元重点词汇变形100题（含解析）
四种题型：
一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式。 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
三、根据首字母提示完成句子。 四、根据句意及音标填空。
一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式。
1．At the start of new term, our school gives the ________ (荣誉) of “top student” to those who work hard and show kindness to others.
2．His __________ (开拓性的) work in space exploration made him famous .
3．The car __________ (工业) is very important to the economy of this city.
4．Marie Curie was a ___________ (先锋) in the study of radioactivity .
5．The museum is both fun and __________ (有教育意义的) for children.
6．As an international city, Shenzhen is rich in ________ (文化的) events, including music festivals and art exhibitions.
7．My father ________ (过去常常) ride a bike to work, but now he drives a car.
8．The shopping mall is always very ______ on weekends, so I prefer to stay at home. (拥挤的)
9．Taking the high-speed rail is a ______ way to travel between these two cities. (方便的)
10．With the development of modern ______, people’s lives have become more and more convenient. (科技)
11．On weekdays, people usually take the ______ to avoid traffic jams during rush hours. (地铁)
12．The ________ (速度) of this car can reach 200 kilometers per hour.
13．Nanjing has made great ______ (进步) in education over the past ten years.
14．Many countries are encouraging the use of ______ cars to reduce air pollution. (电动的)
15．Every ______ has the duty to protect the environment and abide by the law. (公民)
16．Recycling waste is becoming more and more ________ (普遍的) in our city to protect the environment.
17．It’s important to keep your voice down in ________ (公共的) places like museums and hospitals.
18．Once opened, the new ________ (线路) will connect the airport directly to the city center.
19．We need a ________ (高速的) internet connection.
20．The government has built more ______ (设施) for the elderly in our community.
21．She was invited to give her ________ (看法) about how the work should be done.
22．The ________ (改革) of education has brought great changes to our school.
23．Shenzhen has won an ________ (奖项) from UNESCO for encouraging reading.
24．The newly-built teaching building will provide the students with a ________ (舒适的) learning environment.
25．The development of 5G has pushed many traditional ________ (行业) forward.
26．My father ________ (曾经) to go to work by bike, but now he drives a car.
27．We need something a little ________ (宽的) and taller, just to fit the desk.
28．English class encourages our ________ (勇气).We learn to express ourselves bravely and actively.
29．These ________ (村民) teach children about farming, which is important knowledge.
30．________ (排;列;行) of new books in our library give students many choices for learning and finding new interests.
31．________ (旅游业，观光业) has brought tourists and jobs to this small village.
32．5G will not only offer new chances for ________ (产业), but also bring completely new thoughts to connected services (服务).
33．The government has built a lot of ________ (林荫道) to improve the environment.
34．I have never seen you ________ (自……以来) three years ago.
35．I have learnt French ________ (近来).
二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1．The government ________ (build) many new schools in the past 5 years.
2．The streets are ________ (wide) than before.
3．This area is under ________ (develop) and will have new buildings soon.
4．The scientist won an award for her ________ (pioneer) research.
5．I will ________ (certain) help you with your homework after dinner.
6．After starting another company, the young man became even ________ (wealth).
7．________ (certain), there are changes in many other fields in Shenzhen.
8．With the development of ________ (tour), people’s life in our hometown has become much better.
9．There is a cat ________ (lie) under the big tree in our yard.
10．Please remember ________ (tell) me about your childhood stories.
11．It’s ________ (possible) for me to finish the work in an hour. I’m too busy.
12．________ (recent), my family and I visited my grandparents in the countryside.
13．Scientists are trying to find life on Mars, but they ________ (not find) anything so far.
14．I ________ never ________ (be) to Shanghai before. I plan to visit it next summer holiday.
15．The city also offers many ________ (education) activities to the local people.
16．There are so many cultural ________ (facility) in the city now, like libraries and museums.
17．This documentary is very ______ (education), it tells us the history of Chinese traditional festivals.
18．The government has taken some strict measures to cut down air ______ (pollute).
19．After the rain, the field was very _____ (mud).
20．She _______ (finish) her homework yet, so she can’t watch TV now.
21．Great changes _______ (take) place in our hometown since 2010.
22．The city planner said electric buses ________ (produce) less air pollution.
23．He showed me __________ (how/use) the machine.
24．__________ you ever __________ (eat) sushi
25．The school art club ________ (organize) several painting competitions for students this year.
26．China’s Village Super League, also known as Cun Chao, was so popular that millions of people went to Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province to watch ________ (village) play the finals on August 9, 2025.
27．Many ________ (citizen) are talking about that news which happened yesterday.
28．Modern ________ (technology) has changed the way we communicate.
29．Since the late 1980s, China ________ at an amazing speed and has become a symbol of modern ________. (develop)
30．One of the problems is that AI can’t develop a child’s confidence and _________ (creative) like teachers.
31．It’s pretty likely that robots and AI technology will change a lot of _________ (industry).
32．This book is ________ (especial) interesting for teenagers. I think you should read it.
33．Such warm weather is ________ (common) and surprising in January in Chongqing.
34．I was walking up and down between the ________ (row) of desks when suddenly my own phone rang.
35．Simon moved to another flat after he got ________ (marry).
三、根据首字母提示完成句子。
1．Jenny is very interested in traditional Chinese culture, and she has learnt it s________ she came to China 5 years ago.
2．The train can reach a maximum s______ of 350 kilometers per hour.
3．Modern t_________ has changed the way we communicate.
4．She received an e________ grade on her science project.
5．H________, I still miss the old days when we played together.
6．I u________ to be afraid of dogs, but now I have a pet dog.
7．We can take different kinds of t________ to travel around the country.
8．In the morning, markets are c________ which shows that people prefer to buy fresh vegetables and meat.
9．It’s c________ to use the smart driving, but we mustn’t depend on it completely.
10．It is a great h______ to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of the international conference.
11．I think Qian Xuesen, a p________ of China’s missiles and rockets, is among the greatest people that have ever lived.
12．This road used to be narrow, but now it is very w________.
13．The city has a w________ of cultural facilities, like museums and libraries.
14．My hometown has d________ into a modern city over the past 20 years.
15．The Luban lock is a kind of e________ toy similar to building blocks, but it is a mortise and tenon joint structure (榫卯结构).
16．R________, our city has built a lot of new parks for people to relax.
17．We can c_______ with our old friends by WeChat or QQ easily.
18．Smoking is not allowed in p________ places like hospitals and schools.
19．The southern part of the country is warm, while the n________ part is cold in winter.
20．Museums are important to a country because they c_________ the past with the p_________ .
四、根据句意及音标填空。
1．5G will not only offer new chances for ________ /’ nd striz/, but also bring completely new thoughts to connected services.
2．—What happened to you yesterday afternoon
—I fell off the ________ / 'lektr k/ bicycle. Luckily, I wore a helmet and didn’t hurt my head.
3．The development of the Internet has made it possible for us to get information easily. People are increasingly relying on ________ /tek n l d i/ to solve problems.
4．Amon was sailing his ship during a big storm when a ________ /'d a nt/ fish came out of the sea.
5．Basketball is a ________ /'k m n/ sport among many teenage boys.
6．Doctors say too much pressure is not good for children’s ________ (/d vel p/).
7．When I get home in the afternoon, it’s ________ / :l redi/ dark outside.
8．They ______(/ empti/) the bins after school every day.
9．It’s very ________ to go shopping, so all of us would like to live in this place. /k n'vi:n nt/
10．“________ / s rt( )nli/ we will help our parents with the housework.” the children answered.

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