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(共33张PPT)
The Wonders of Nature (Period 3)
Section A (Grammar Focus-4d)
Translate the following sentences.
长江是中国最长的河流。
它流程最长，长约6 300千米。
黄河长5 464千米，是（中国）第二长河。
它长6 671千米。
The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.
It travels the farthest and is about 6,300 kilometres long.
The Yellow River is 5,464 kilometres long and is the second longest.
It’s 6,671 kilometres long.
cubic
mile
pool
adj. 立方的
n. 英里
n. 池塘；水坑
Grammar Focus
What is the biggest desert in the world It is the Sahara Desert.
How big is it It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.
Where is the deepest point in the ocean It is in the Mariana Trench.
How deep is it It is about 11,000 metres deep.
Some blind animals can “see” as well as others. Mount Qomolangma is still growing taller. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. Find the comparatives and superlatives.
Grammar Focus
Read and discuss:
What can you find Discuss in your group.
What is the biggest desert in the world It is the Sahara Desert.
How big is it It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.
Where is the deepest point in the ocean It is in the Mariana Trench.
How deep is it It is about 11,000 metres deep.
Some blind animals can “see” as well as others. Mount Qomolangma is still growing taller. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. 英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，即原级、比较级和最高级。
原级：没有比较含义；
比较级：两者间比较，表示“较……”或“更……”；
最高级：三者及三者以上比较，表示“最……”，形容词最
高级前一般要加定冠词 the，副词最高级前的 the 可以省略。
形容词和副词的比较等级
形容词和副词的比较等级
单音节词和部分双音节词 多音节词和部分双音节词
一般在词尾加-er或-est 以e结尾的词加-r或-st 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，把y变为i再加-er或-est 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母后再加-er或-est 在单词前加 more 构成比较级，加 most 构成最高级
fast→faster→fastest nice→nicer→nicest easy→easier→ easiest big→bigger→ biggest beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
·规则变化
1．形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成
形容词和副词的比较等级
1．形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well
many/much
bad/badly/ill
little
old
far
·不规则变化
better
best
more
most
worse
worst
less
least
older/elder
oldest/eldest
farther/further
farthest/furthest
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（1）原级的用法和句式
两者的同级比较用“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”，其否定形式为“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”。
e.g. This ruler is as long as that one.
这把尺子和那把尺子一样长。
Jim is not as/so tall as Tom.
吉姆不如汤姆高。
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（2）比较级的句式和用法
①“A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B”用于两者之间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个更……
e.g. You are taller than your brother. 你比你弟弟高。
②“比较级+and+比较级”表示事物本身程度的逐渐变化，意为“越来越……”。
e.g. He is running faster and faster. 他跑得越来越快。
The city is becoming more and more beautiful.
这个城市变得越来越美了。
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（2）比较级的句式和用法
③“the+比较级 ..., the+比较级 ...”表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而平行变化，意为“越……，（就）越……”。
e.g. The more you eat, the fatter you will be.
你吃得越多，就会越胖。
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
他越忙就越感到高兴。
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（2）比较级的句式和用法
④“Which/Who+系动词+比较级, A or B ”表示两个人或事物中哪一个/谁更……
e.g. Which is cheaper, the red one or the blue one
哪一个更便宜，红色的还是蓝色的？
⑤“A+系动词+the+比较级+of the two (+复数名词)”表示两者中比较……的。
e.g. Mary is the taller of the two girls. 玛丽是两个女孩中较高的。
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（2）比较级的句式和用法
⑥“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示“比其他任何一个……都……”，用于同一范围的比较。
e.g. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.
长江比中国其他任何一条河流都长。
⑦“比较级+than the other+复数名词”表示“比其他……都……”，用于同一范围的比较。
e.g. She sings better than the other girls in the group.
她比小组里其他女孩唱得好。
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（2）比较级的句式和用法
注意
①修饰形容词或副词的比较级可以用 much、a lot、a little、far、even 等，但不能用 very。
e.g. This story is much more interesting than that one.
这个故事比那个有趣得多。
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（2）比较级的句式和用法
注意
修饰比较级的词口诀
两多两少少不了，甚至还要远处找。
（两多：much，a lot；
两少：a little，a bit；
甚至：even；还：still；远：far）
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（2）比较级的句式和用法
注意
②在比较结构中，被比较的事物应是同等成分，常用 that 或 those 代替前面的名词。
e.g. The workers in that factory are fewer than those in our factory.
那个工厂的工人比我们工厂的工人少。
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（3）最高级的句式和用法
①“the+最高级+in/of ...”，其中，in 后常跟表示组织、团体之类的集体名词；of 后的名词或代词与句子的主语属于同一个概念范畴。
e.g. She is the youngest in our class.
她是我们班里年龄最小的。
She is the youngest of the students.
她是学生中年龄最小的。
形容词和副词的比较等级
2．形容词和副词比较等级的用法
（3）最高级的句式和用法
②“Which/Who+系动词+the+最高级, A, B or C ”表示三个人或事物中哪一个/谁最……
e.g. Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth
太阳、月球和地球，哪一个最大？
③“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”。
e.g. Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。
形容词和副词的比较等级
3．比较结构的同义转换
（1）“否定词 ... +形容词/副词的比较级”表达最高级的含义。
e.g. —What do you think of the plan
你觉得这个计划怎么样？
—It can’t be better. 再好不过了。
形容词和副词的比较等级
3．比较结构的同义转换
（2）“the+最高级+of/in ...”可以转换为“比较级+than any other+单数名词”或“比较级+than+the other+复数名词”。
e.g. This book is the most difficult of all.
=This book is more difficult than any other book.
=This book is more difficult than the other books.
这本书是所有书当中最难的。
He is a little ________ than you, but he is as ________ as you.
A．thin; stronger B．thinner; stronger
C．thinner; strong D．thin; strong
根据 than 可知第一个空应用比较级；as ... as 中间用形容词或副词的原级。因此，正确答案是C。
C
典例1
点拨
形容词和副词的比较等级
As we know, the Yangtze River is one of ________ rivers in the world.
A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest
此处为“one of the+最高级+复数名词”结构，意为“最……的……之一”。因此，正确答案是D。
D
典例2
点拨
形容词和副词的比较等级
4a
Read the sentences. Circle the adjectives which compare things. Underline the adverbs which compare actions.
What is the biggest desert in the world It is the Sahara Desert.
How big is it It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.
Where is the deepest point in the ocean It is in the Mariana Trench.
How deep is it It is about 11,000 metres deep.
Some blind animals can “see” as well as others. Mount Qomolangma is still growing taller. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long.
Grammar Focus
Find the numbers.
What is the biggest desert in the world It is the Sahara Desert.
How big is it It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.
Where is the deepest point in the ocean It is in the Mariana Trench.
How deep is it It is about 11,000 metres deep.
Some blind animals can “see” as well as others. Mount Qomolangma is still growing taller. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. 大数字
1．大数字的读法
英语的数字是三位一划分，在读之前先划分好，然后确定逗号的个数。按逗号个数读，如：
①只有一个逗号，用thousand
4,821读作： four thousand, eight hundred and twenty-one
②两个逗号，用million 和 thousand
1,234,567读作：one million, two hundred and thirty-four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven
大数字
1．大数字的读法
英语的数字是三位一划分，在读之前先划分好，然后确定逗号的个数。按逗号个数读，如：
③三个逗号，用billion，million 和 thousand
1,123,456,789读作：one billion, one hundred and twenty-three million, four hundred and fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and eighty-nine
注意
①and 只在百位和十位之间。
②十位和个位之间要有连字符。
③逗号之间并列写即可，无 and 和连字符。
④hundred、thousand、million、billion前面有具体的数字时，用单数；后面有of时，用复数。
大数字
1．大数字的读法
大数字
2．含小数点的数字读法
（1）小数点读 point；
（2）小数点右面的小数部分按照个位基数词依次读出；
（3）小数点后面遇到 0时，可读 zero，可读字母 O。
2,506,981,765.34 读作：two billion, five hundred and six
million, nine hundred and eighty-one thousand, seven hundred
and sixty-five point three four
4b
Write or spell out the numbers.
1．Mount Kilimanjaro is __________ (five thousand, eight hundred and
ninety-five) metres high.
2． __________ (twenty-five thousand, seven hundred and sixty-eight) cubic
metres of water pours down Inga Falls each second.
3．The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000 (_____________) miles long.
4．The Taklimakan Desert has a total area of about 337,000
(_________________________________) square kilometres.
5,895
25,7683
four thousand
three hundred and thirty-seven thousand
4c
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. One word is used more than once.
My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. Visiting one of the world’s ________ waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went ________ to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew ________ and ________. Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as ________ as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special pool at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and become a part of the waterfall. It was the ________ but also the ____________ experience of our trip!
largest
closer
large scary amazing far close loud
louder
louder
far
scariest
most amazing
4d
Write some questions to compare places. Then ask a partner your questions.
·What is the highest ...
·Which park is bigger, ... or ...
·...
cubic、mile、pool
词汇
形容词和副词
的比较等级
语法
形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成
形容词和副词比较等级的用法
·规则变化
·不规则变化
·原级
·比较级
·最高级
比较结构的同义转换
Look at the table below and make sentences by using comparatives and superlatives. (5 sentences at least)
The Nile The Amazon River the Yangtze River the Yellow River
6,671 km 6,440 km 6,300 km 5,464 km

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