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(共37张PPT)
Crossing Cultures (Period 3)
Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)
Share your report.
Homework from the last class:
· Make a poster about Chinese table manners and share it with your
classmates.
· 你还对哪个国家的餐桌礼仪感兴趣呢？课后查阅资料，整理成
一份报告，和同学们一起分享吧！
adj. 使人难堪的
习惯于
adj. 与文化有关的；文化的
embarrassing
be / get used to
cultural
Read and translate the sentences. Pay attention to the coloured words.
1. All the different labels on food are so confusing that people are
confused about them.
2. I sleep with the window open unless it’s really cold.
3. Unless something unexpected happens, I’ll see you tomorrow.
4. It was so embarrassing having to sing in public.
5. I said “Sorry”, very feebly, feeling rather embarrassed.
6. I’ll call you as soon as I get home.
Do you ever bow No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Should I bring something Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
4a
Read the sentences. What do the words in red mean
How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don’t look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing!
4a
Read the sentences. What do the words in red mean How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
4a
Read the sentences. What do the words in red mean
How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
so ... that “如此……以至于”,引导结果状语从句；
unless “除非；如果不”,引导条件状语从句；
as soon as “一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。
-ed结尾的形容词多用来形容人自身的感受；
-ing结尾的形容词多用来描述事物的特点或属性。
1. so ... that、unless、as soon as 引导的条件状语从句
Grammar Focus
在主从复合句中,用作状语的句子叫状语从句。so ... that、as soon as、unless分别引导结果状语从句、条件状语从句和时间状语从句。
1. so ... that、unless、as soon as 引导的条件状语从句
Grammar Focus
引导词 用法
so ... that 意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，其结构如下：
① so+形容词/副词+that从句
② so+形容词+a / an+可数名词单数+that从句
③ so+many / few+可数名词复数+that从句
④ so+much / little+不可数名词+that从句
e.g. She is so lovely that we all like her.
（1） 在含 so ... that的复合句中，当从句是肯定句且从句
主语与主句主语相同时，so ... that可以与... enough
to do进行转换；当从句是否定句时，可与 too ... to ...
或 not ... enough to do进行转换。
拓展
e.g. He is so strong that he can carry the box.
= He is strong enough to carry the box.
他如此强壮，能搬动这个箱子。
拓展
e.g. Jimmy is so young that he can’t go to school.
= Jimmy is too young to go to school.
= Jimmy is not old enough to go to school.
吉米（年龄）太小了，不能去上学。
（2）such ... that 也可以引导结果状语从句，其结构为：
① such+a / an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句
② such+形容词+可数名词复数+that从句
③ such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句
拓展
e.g. They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他们是很好的学生，所以老师喜欢他们。
He worked ________ hard ________ he passed the exams. (补全句子)
She is so lovely that we all like her. (补全同义句)
= She is ____ ______ ____ ____ ____ we all like her.
She spoke ____ quietly ____ I could hardly hear her.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to
so
Exercise
that
so lovely a girl that
1. so ... that、unless、as soon as 引导的条件状语从句
Grammar Focus
引导词 用法
unless 意为“除非；如果不；若非”,相当于if ... not。其引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，即遵循“主将从现”原则。
e.g. Recovery can’t be sustained unless more jobs are created.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go camping. (用unless改写同义句)
__________________________________________________________
We can’t go swimming ________ our parents are with us.
A. if B. when C. unless
Unless it rains tomorrow, we will go camping.
Exercise
1. so ... that、unless、as soon as 引导的条件状语从句
Grammar Focus
引导词 用法
as soon as 意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句,若主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来,即遵循“主将从现”原则；若主句是一般过去时或过去将来时，从句用一般过去时。
e.g. I will do my homework as soon as I finish the meal.
铃声一响，托尼就跑出了教室。 （翻译句子）
__________________________________________________________
The girl couldn’t wait to read the new book ________ she saw it.
A. as soon as B. as well as C. as long as D. as much as
Tony ran out of the classroom as the belt rang.
Exercise
Tips: as soon as 一……就……；as well as 也；
as long as 只要；as much as 和……一样多
2．-ed形容词与-ing形容词
Grammar Focus
· -ed结尾的形容词多用来形容人自身的感受；
· -ing结尾的形容词多用来描述事物的特点或属性。
简单来说，-ed是指“（人）感到……的”；
-ing是指“（事物）令人……的”。
2．-ed形容词与-ing形容词
Grammar Focus
· 常见的-ed形容词与-ing形容词：
confused与confusing embarrassed与embarrassing
excited与exciting bored与boring
interested与interesting tired与tiring
surprised与surprising disappointed与disappointing
……
2．-ed形容词与-ing形容词
Grammar Focus
· She is interested in science fiction. 她对科幻小说感兴趣。
· She thinks science fiction is interesting. 她认为科幻小说很有趣。
· After a long day’s work, he felt tired.
经过漫长的一天的工作之后，他感觉很疲惫。
· It was a tiring journey. 这是一次令人疲惫的旅程。
· We are excited about the game. 我们对这场比赛感到很兴奋。
· It was an exciting game. 这是一场激动人心的比赛。
2．-ed形容词与-ing形容词
Grammar Focus
特殊情况与注意事项：
（1） 当主语是人时，需要根据语境判断是描述感受还是特性。
· He is bored. 他感到无聊。（强调内心感受）
· He is boring. 他是个无趣的人。（强调性格特征）
（2）介词搭配：一些-ed形容词有固定的介词搭配。
· be interested in 对……感兴趣 · be excited about 对……感到兴奋
· be tired of 对……感到厌烦 · be surprised by / at 对……感到惊讶
从括号中选择正确的单词完成句子。
1. I was very ________ (exciting / excited) when I won the prize.
2. He told a very ________(amusing / amused) story that made everyone laugh.
3. She is _________(interesting / interested) in learning Spanish.
4. After the long hike, we felt completely ________(tiring / tired).
5. The little boy was _________(surprising / surprised) by the birthday party.
Exercise
excited
amusing
interested
tired
surprised
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The instructions were __________. I felt very __________. (confuse)
2. It’s __________ to work with such an old computer. The slow speed makes me
_________. (frustrate)
3. It was a very _________ meal. The chef felt ________ with his work. (satisfy)
4. She told an ___________ story about her childhood. We were all __________
for her. (embarrass)
Exercise
confusing
confused
frustrating
frustrated
satisfying
satisfied
embarrassing
embarrassed
1.Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______
you often use them.
A. when B. unless C. if D. until
B
典例
句意：练习是很重要的。除非经常使用新单词，否则你会忘记的。unless 除非；如果不。故选B。
点拨
2.Jimmy ______ me as soon as he walks out of the airport tomorrow.
A. calls B. is calling C. called D. will call
D
典例
根据 as soon as 可知，时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则。故选D。
点拨
3.—Please give the Chinese book to Linda.
—OK. ______ I see her, I will give it to her.
A. As soon as B. Unless C. Before
根据“I see her, I will give it to her”可知，句子表达的是“一见到她，就把书给她”。故选A。
A
点拨
典例
4.The city Zibo is ______ popular ______ many people want to go
there for a trip this year.
A. so; that B. such; that
C. too; to D. very; that
so ... that“如此……以至于……”，后接结果状语从句，so后跟形容词或副词; too ... to“太……而不能……”; such ... that“如此……以至于……”，后接结果状语从句，such后跟名词；没有very ... that 这种搭配。故选A。
A
点拨
典例
Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
1. Türkiye: People don’t kiss one another on the cheek. They can do
so if they are good friends. (unless)
In Türkiye, people don’t kiss one another on the cheek unless they
are good friends.
2. Japan: Take off your shoes. You do this when you enter someone’s
home. (as soon as)
_______________________________________________________
In Japan, take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone’s home.
4b
Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
3. Kenya: Being late is very common. You should be patient and not
expect people to be on time. (so ... that)
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
4. China: Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude. You should
avoid it. (so ... that)
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time.
4b
In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it.
Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
5. Mexico: Don’t use someone’s first name if you don’t know him or
her well. You can use it if the person invites you to do so. (unless)
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
4b
In Mexico, don’t use someone’s first name unless you know them well or they invite you to do so.
Complete the passage with the words in the box. Can you tell where the writer is from
Do you know what culture shock is You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is ___ different from your own ____ you feel ________. For example, I experienced this __________ I got off the plane in Peru last year.
so
4c
surprising surprised interesting interested
so ... that as soon as unless
that
surprised
as soon as
Complete the passage with the words in the box. Can you tell where the writer is from
People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really _________ to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone _______ we know them very well.
surprising
4c
surprising surprised interesting interested
so ... that as soon as unless
unless
Complete the passage with the words in the box. Can you tell where the writer is from
But once I was used to it, I became more curious and _________ in learning about the culture there. It’s so _________ to discover cultural differences like this!
interested
4c
surprising surprised interesting interested
so ... that as soon as unless
interesting
The writer is from Germany.
Read the passage. Where is the writer from
In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone unless we know them very well.
Grammar Focus
so ... that
as soon as
unless
结果状语从句
条件状语从句
时间状语从句
① so+形容词/副词+that从句
② so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+
that从句
③ so+many/few+可数名词复数+
that从句
④ so+much/little+不可数名词+
that从句
相当于if ... not
“主将从现”
“主将从现”
Grammar Focus
-ed结尾的形容词
形容人自身的感受
-ing结尾的形容词
描述事物的特点或属性
Write an article following the passage in 4c, describing the culture shock you have experienced.

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