资源简介 (共40张PPT)R·八年级英语下册The Wonders of NatureUNIT 4Section BAs a blind climber, Zhang Hong managed to reach the top of Qomolangma in 2021 .作为一名盲人登山者,张洪于 2021 年成功登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。例句climber(可数名词)攀登者;登山者由“climb(v. 攀登;爬)+ - er (名词后缀)”构成(形容词)北部的;向北的Tom lives in the northern part of America.汤姆住在美国的北部。例句northern表示方位的名词,在词尾加 - ern可构成形容词。如:east n. 东部;东;东方→eastern adj. 东部的;向东的west n. 西部;西;西方→western adj. 西部的;向西的south n. 南部;南;南方→southern adj. 南部的;向南的northwest n. 西北;西北方→northwestern adj. 西北的;西北方向的northeast n. 东北;东北方→northeastern adj. 东北的;东北方向的southwest n. 西南;西南方→southwestern adj. 西南的;西南方向的southeast n. 东南;东南方→southeastern adj. 东南的;东南方向的由“north(n. 北部;北;北方)+ - ern(形容词后缀)”构成a short/long distance 短/长距离a distance of... 一段……的距离at/from a distance 离一段距离;从远处in/into the distance 在远处;在远方搭配distanceWhat’s the distance between New York City and Boston?纽约市离波士顿有多远?The city is a distance of 80 kilometres from here.那座城市距离这里 80 千米。The hotel is at a distance from the beach.酒店离海滩有一段距离。We saw lights in the distance.我们看到了远处的灯光。例句(名词)距离;遥远其后不接宾语,表示“存活”这个状态。用法survive(1) [不及物动词]生存;存活Without water, humans cannot survive.没有水,人类无法生存。例句(2) [及物动词]幸存;幸免于难;艰难度过后面必须接宾语(灾难、事故、疾病等)。用法She survived the car accident with small injuries.她在车祸中幸存,只受了轻伤。例句condition(1) [名词]环境;条件 常用复数形式。The climbers suffered from bad working conditions.登山队员们饱受恶劣工作条件之苦。例句(2) [不可数名词]状态;状况The car is in excellent condition.这辆汽车的车况好极了。例句搭配living/housing/working conditions生活/住房/工作条件搭配in bad/good/excellent condition处于糟糕的/良好的/极佳的状态condition(3) [不可数名词]健康状况out of condition 健康状况不佳He is overweight and out of condition.他体重超重,健康状况不佳例句(名词)degreeThe temperature fell to -5 degrees last night.昨晚气温降到了零下 5 度。例句(1)度;度数I agree with you to a certain degree.我在某种程度上同意你的观点。例句(2)程度(形容词)可能变化的;易变的;常变的changeable比较级:more changeable最高级:most changeable用法The weather is very changeable at this time of year.每年在这个时候天气都变化无常。例句由“change(n. 改变;变化)+ - able(形容词后缀)”构成death(名词)死亡;毁灭;破灭辨析:death、die、dead与dyingThe vet tried to save the dying dog, but it finally died.Now the dead dog lies quietly, and its death makes the little girl very sad. 兽医努力拯救那只垂死的狗,但它最终还是死了。现在那只死去的狗静静地躺着,它的死亡让这个小女孩非常伤心。(形容词)有决心的;坚决的be determined to do sth 决心做某事搭配determined例句With a determined look on his face, he continued to climb the mountain.脸上带着坚定的表情,他继续爬山。I’m determined to succeed.我决心要获得成功。determine[动词]决心;决定above(1) [介词]在……上方例句The bird is flying low above the water.那只鸟在水面上低飞。Look!There is a bridge over the river.看!河上有一座桥。Judy put her blouse on the bed.朱迪把她的衬衫放在床上了。辨析:above、over与on三者均可作介词,意为“在……上面”。区别如下:above(2) [介词]高于;超过例句This game is for children above the age of 10.这个游戏适合 10 岁以上的儿童。(3) [副词]在上方例句Put it on the bookcase above.把它放到上面的书架上。(4) [副词]高于;超过例句A score of 80 or above will get you an “A”.80 分或以上就可以使你得“A”。(可数名词)同队队员;队友teammate由“team(n. 队;组)+mate(n. 伙伴)”构成例句My teammate asked me to look on the bright side.我的队友叫我从好的方面想。与teammate构词法相似的词如下:(名词)肩膀;肩部shoulderI woke up today with a terrible pain in my shoulder.我今天醒来肩膀痛得厉害。They are standing shoulder to shoulder.他们正肩并肩地站着。on one’s shoulders(任务)落在某人肩上shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩搭配例句(名词)climb up/fall off a ladder 爬上/跌下梯子搭配She fell off a ladder and broke her arm.她从梯子上掉下来,摔断了胳膊。例句ladder(1)梯子(2)阶梯;途径move up/down the social ladder爬上/跌下社会阶梯搭配Developing a good learning habit is the first step on the ladder of success.养成良好的学习习惯是迈向成功阶梯的第一步。例句Could you help me measure the length of this desk?你能帮我量一下这张书桌的长度吗?例句measure(1) [动词]测量(2) [动词]量度为The pool measures about 2 metres across. 这个池塘宽约 2 米。例句safety measures安全措施take measures to do sth采取措施做某事搭配We should take measures to improve the school environment.我们应该采取措施来改善学校环境。例句measure(3) [可数名词]措施(4) [名词]度量单位weights and measures 度量衡搭配Which measure of weight do doctors use? 医生使用什么剂量单位?例句successfullysuccess(n. 成功)+ - ful (形容词后缀)→successful (adj. 成功的;有成就的)+ - ly(副词后缀)→successfully(adv. 成功地;顺利地)(副词)成功地;顺利地To my surprise, they worked out the problem successfully.出乎我的意料,他们成功地解决了那个问题。例句其后可接名词(短语)、代词或动词 - ing 形式作宾语。用法risk(1) [动词]使……冒风险(或面临危险)He who risks nothing, gains nothing.不入虎穴,焉得虎子。(谚语)The fireman risked his life to save the child.这个消防队员冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。We’d better not risk travelling in these bad conditions.我们最好不要在这种糟糕的条件下冒险出行。例句risk one’s life 冒着生命危险risk doing sth 冒险做某事搭配risk(2) [动词]危险;风险Smoking can increase the risk of heart problems.吸烟会增加患心脏病的风险。Don’t take risks. And you should think twice. 不要冒险。你应该三思。例句the risk of... ……的风险take risks/a risk 冒险搭配risky[形容词]有危险(或风险)的(名词)好奇心;求知欲out of curiosity 出于好奇搭配Children show curiosity about everything.儿童对一切事物都显露出好奇心。I opened the old box out of curiosity.我出于好奇打开了那个旧盒子。例句curiositycurious[形容词]好奇的;求知欲强的(名词)追求的目标;野心;雄心ambition to do sth/ambition of doing sth做某事的志向/抱负搭配ambitionambitious[形容词]有野心的;有雄心的His ambition is to travel around the world.他的理想是环游世界。He finally achieved his ambition of becoming a programmer.他最终实现了当程序设计员的夙愿。例句(名词)探险者;勘探者explorerEvery great explorer dares to face difficulties during their journeys.每一位伟大的探险者都敢于面对旅途中的困难。例句由“explore(v. 探索;勘探)+ - r”构成(副词)simplysimple[形容词]简单的;朴素的You can enjoy all the water sports, or simply lie on the beach.你可以享受所有的水上运动,或者只是躺在沙滩上。例句(1)仅仅;只 相当于 just 或 only。=just/only(2)简单地She explained her idea simply and clearly.她简单明了地解释了她的想法。例句Asking the teacher for help is a simple solution to your maths problem.向老师求助是解答你的数学题的一个简单解决办法。例句(形容词)有危险(或风险)的比较级:riskier 最高级:riskiest用法riskyDeep - sea diving is a risky activity.深海潜水是一项有风险的活动。It’s risky to cross the street without looking both ways.过马路不看两边是危险的。例句由“risk(n. 危险;风险)+ - y”构成(形容词)位于;坐落在be located in/on... 位于/坐落在……搭配locatedThe Sahara Desert is located in Africa.撒哈拉沙漠位于非洲。The apartment is located on the fifth floor.公寓位于五楼。例句located的相关词:type(1) [可数名词]类型;种类a type of... 一种……different types of... 不同种类的……all types of... 各种各样的……搭配What type of music do you like?你喜欢什么类型的音乐?There are different types of postcards in the store.这家商店有不同种类的明信片。例句(2) [动词](用计算机或打字机)打字How fast can you type? 你打字有多快?例句attract(1)吸引;招引The Mogao Caves in Dunhuang attract thousands of visitors every year.敦煌莫高窟每年吸引成千上万的游客。例句(动词)attraction[名词]吸引(力)(2)引起(反应)She tried to attract the attention of the waiter. 她试图引起服务员的注意。例句curious(1)好奇的;求知欲强的be curious about sth 对某事感到好奇be curious to do sth 好奇/渴望做某事搭配(形容词)Many students are curious about ancient Chinese civilization.很多学生对中国古代文明感到好奇。I’m curious to know why she is so hard on herself.我很好奇她为什么对自己这么严格。例句curious(形容词)(2)稀奇古怪;奇特;不寻常It is curious that he had a long face.他哭丧着脸,真是奇怪。例句curious的相关词:traveller(=traveler)(可数名词)旅行者;游客The airport is full of travellers from all over the world.机场里挤满了来自世界各地的游客。例句travel[动词]旅行;游历natural(1)自然的;天然的natural environment/wonder/world自然环境/自然奇观/自然界搭配(形容词)Victoria Falls is one of the greatest natural wonders in the world.维多利亚瀑布是世界上最壮丽的自然奇观之一。例句natural(2)天生的(形容词)She has a natural gift for singing and often wins awards.她有天生的唱歌天赋,经常获奖。例句natural的相关词:underwater(1) [形容词]水下的;用于水下的I think there will be underwater cities in the future.我认为未来会有水下城市。例句(2) [副词]在水下Take a deep breath and see how long you can stay underwater.深吸一口气,看你能在水里待多久。例句由“under (prep. 在……下)+water (n. 水)”构成include(及物动词)包含;包括指整体中包含某个/些部分,其后可接名词、代词或动词 - ing 形式作宾语,不可接动词不定式。用法Her hobbies include doing calligraphy, skiing and hiking.她的爱好包括练习书法、滑雪和徒步旅行。例句(1) included[形容词]包括在内的一般位于所修饰的名词或代词之后。用法Most shops are open every day, Sunday included.大部分商店每天营业,包括星期日。例句include(及物动词)包含;包括(2) including[介词]包括;包含……在内后接名词或代词作宾语。用法She saw lots of sea life,including some whales.她看到了很多海洋生物,包括一些鲸。例句include不用于进行时。alive(形容词)(1)活着;在世反义词:dead 死的辨析:alive、live、living与livelyalive(形容词)(2)有活力Tina was alive with happiness.蒂娜高兴得眉飞色舞。例句lifetime(名词)一生;终身during/in one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中搭配For me, seeing the northern lights in Iceland is the dream of a lifetime.对我来说,在冰岛看北极光是我一生的梦想。In his lifetime, he suffered from many failures.在他的一生中,他经历了很多次失败。例句(共17张PPT)R·八年级英语下册The Wonders of NatureUNIT 4Section AThe Great Wall is one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.长城是世界新七大奇观之一。例句wonder(1) [可数名词]奇观(2) [不可数名词]惊叹;惊奇搭配in wonder 惊叹地;惊奇地He looked at the balloons rising into the sky in wonder.他看着气球升向空中,惊叹不已。例句相当于 want to know,其后常接 who、what、why 或 if 等引导的宾语从句。用法wonder(3) [动词]琢磨;想知道I wonder why you are in low spirits today.我想知道你今天为什么情绪低落。Lisa is wondering if she can eat out tonight.莉萨想知道她今晚能否在外用餐。例句宾语从句应用陈述语序。wonder at sth 对某事感到诧异wonder+that 从句 对……感到诧异搭配wonder(4) [动词]感到诧异I don’t wonder(that)you have the flu. You coughed all day yesterday. 你得了流感我并不感到诧异。你昨天咳嗽了一整天。例句wonderful[形容词]精彩的;绝妙的(名词)数量;测量measurementWe use a ruler for the measurement of length.我们用尺子来测量长度。例句由“measure(v. 测量)+ - ment (名词后缀)”构成below(1) [介词]在……下面Please don’t stand below that bridge.请不要站在那座桥下面。例句(2) [介词]低于It was three degrees below zero this morning. 今天早晨的温度是零下三度。例句(3) [副词]在下面;低于 不强调垂直的“下面”。From the top of the mountain, I could see the village below.从山顶上我可以看到下面的村庄。例句below辨析:below与under两者都表示“在……下面”。区别如下:(名词)levelThe mountain is over 3,000 metres above sea level.这座山海拔 3 000 多米。例句(1) 高度 sea level 海平面He studies hard to improve his English level.他努力学习以提高他的英语水平。例句(2)水平;程度surfaceNearly 10% of the earth’s surface is covered by ice.地球表面将近 10% 被冰覆盖。例句(名词)表面;表层on the surface 表面上;从外表看;乍一看用法当指“水面”或“液面”时,常用单数形式。On the surface, it seems to be my fault.表面上看,这似乎是我的过错。(名词)深(度);纵深形容词形式:deep 深的;有……深的搭配depth例句We found water at a depth of 20 metres.我们在 20 米深处找到了水。询问某物的深度时,常用句型“What’s one’s depth?”或“What’s the depth of...?”,相当于“How deep is/are...?”。例句What’s the depth of the lake here?=How deep is the lake here?这里的湖水有多深?dive(1) [动词]潜水;跳水;俯冲 dive into 潜入例句I dived below the surface of the water.我潜入了水中。He likes diving into the swimming pool on hot days.在炎热的天气里,他喜欢跳进泳池。(2) [名词]潜水;跳水;俯冲例句The diver made a dive to a depth of 18 metres.那名潜水者潜到了18 米水深处。(形容词)特别的;不寻常的;罕见的The coach has an unusual name.这个教练有个特别的名字。It’s unusual to see a rainbow in the desert.在沙漠里看到彩虹是很罕见的。例句unusualunusual 的相关词:读音以元音音素开头,前面加不定冠词时应用an。(形容词)特别的;不寻常的;罕见的unusualI usually walk to school with Lily. But yesterday was unusual. Lily got a new bike, so we rode it together. It was more fun than our usual trip.我通常和莉莉一起步行去上学。但昨天不太一样。莉莉有了一辆新自行车,所以我们一起骑车上的学。这比我们平时的行程有趣多了。(名词)底部;最下部bottomWhat is there at the bottom of the deep sea?深海底部有什么?They cleaned the house from top to bottom before the Spring Festival.春节前,他们把房子彻底打扫了一遍。对应词:top 顶部;顶端(at)the bottom of(在)……的底部from top to bottom 从上到下;彻底地用法例句(名词)发展;壮大in the development of... 在……的发展过程中搭配Computers play an important role in the development of modern science.计算机在现代科学发展中起重要作用。例句developmentdevelopment的相关词:由“develop(v. 增强;发展)+ - ment (名词后缀)”构成(形容词)立方的常用于数字后表示体积。cubic centimetres/metres/kilometres立方厘米/米/千米用法To make the house, we need 3 cubic metres of wood.要搭建这个房子,我们需要 3 立方米的木材。例句cubiccube[名词]立方体;立方(名词)英里They drove 600 miles across the desert.他们驱车 600 英里横穿沙漠。例句mile表示长度单位的名词小结:mile 英里 foot 英尺 inch 英寸 millimetre 毫米 centimetre 厘米 metre 米 kilometre 千米;公里 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Section A.pptx Section B.pptx