资源简介

译林版新版八年级下册英语
Unit 4 A Good Read
知识清单背诵版
核心词汇 · 重点词组 · 语法讲解 · 写作指导 · 知识导图
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
目 录
第一部分 核心词汇 5
第二部分 重点词组 10
第三部分 语法精讲 16
3.1 疑问词 + 动词不定式 16
3.2 must与have to的用法 18
第四部分 语法练习 21
第五部分 书面表达 24
一、写作话题分析 24
二、常用表达 24
三、高分句型 25
四、参考模板 26
五、范文示例 26
第六部分 知识导图 28
Unit 4 知识框架 28
第一部分 核心词汇
本部分整理了Unit 4的核心词汇，包括词义、用法搭配、常用短语及词形变换。每个词汇都配有例句，帮助理解和记忆。
词汇 词义 用法搭配 例句
read n. 读物,书(或文章等) read作名词表示“读物” This novel is a good read. 这本小说是本不错的读物。
fiction n. 小说 fiction指虚构的小说作品 I prefer science fiction to romance. 比起言情小说，我更喜欢科幻小说。
non-fiction n. 非虚构作品 non-fiction指基于事实的作品 History books are a type of non-fiction. 历史书是非虚构作品的一种。
made-up adj. 不真实的,编造的 made-up表示虚构的、编造的 The story is completely made-up. 这个故事完全是编造的。
novel n. (长篇)小说 novel指长篇小说 Have you read this novel by Leo Tolstoy 你读过列夫·托尔斯泰的这本小说吗？
crash vi. 撞击,碰撞 crash against/into撞击 The ship crashed against the rocks. 船撞上了礁石。
be tired out 累极了 be tired out = be exhausted After the long journey, I was tired out. 长途旅行后，我累极了。
stomach n. 腹部;胃 stomach可指胃或腹部 I felt something on my leg. It moved up over my stomach. 我感到腿上有东西，它向上移过我的腹部。
fall over 摔倒 fall over = fall down The loud noise made them all fall over. 巨大的噪音使他们全都摔倒了。
continue vt. & vi. 继续 continue doing/to do sth继续做某事 They soon got up again and continued moving across my body. 他们很快又站起来，继续在我身上移动。
either adv. 也(用于否定句) either用于否定句末 I did not know what to say either. 我也不知道该说什么。
pull vt. & vi. 抽出;拉,拖 pull out of从...抽出 I tried to pull one hand out of the rope. 我试着把一只手从绳子中抽出。
rope n. 绳 rope绳子、绳索 My arms, legs and hair were tied to the ground with ropes. 我的胳膊、腿和头发都被绳子绑在地上。
break free 设法逃脱,努力挣脱 break free挣脱、逃脱 Finally, I managed to break free. 最后，我成功挣脱了。
army n. 大批,大群;军队 an army of一大群 I looked down and saw a huge army of tiny people. 我低头一看，看到一大群小人。
straight adv. 径直;笔直地 straight towards径直朝... They were coming straight towards me. 他们径直朝我走来。
right away 立即,马上 right away = at once I must run away from them right away. 我必须马上从他们身边跑开。
discuss vt. 讨论,谈论,商量 discuss sth讨论某事 We often discuss books in our Book Club. 我们经常在读书俱乐部讨论书籍。
clear adj. 了解清楚的;清澈的 be clear about对...清楚 Are you clear about the rules 你对规则清楚吗？
advise vt. 提出建议 advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 My teacher advised me to read more classics. 我的老师建议我多读经典作品。
hand in 提交,呈交,上交 hand in = submit You must hand in your book review on Friday. 你必须在周五提交你的书评。
review n. 评论 book review书评 I am writing a book review for the school newspaper. 我正在为校报写一篇书评。
timetable n. 时间安排;时刻表 timetable时间表 I'll put up a timetable on my office door. 我会在办公室门上贴一张时间表。
summary n. 总结 give a summary做总结 Please give a summary of the story. 请给这个故事做个总结。
give away 泄露,暴露 give away泄露(秘密等) I mustn't give away the ending of the story. 我不能泄露故事的结局。
ending n. 结尾,结局 ending结局、结尾 The ending of the book surprised me. 这本书的结局让我惊讶。
rule n. 规章;规则 follow/obey the rules遵守规则 Every member has to follow the rules. 每个成员都必须遵守规则。
first of all 第一,首先 first of all首先 First of all, you must remember to take care of the books. 首先，你必须记住爱护书籍。
librarian n. 图书管理员 librarian图书管理员 The librarian helped me find the book. 图书管理员帮我找到了这本书。
check out (从图书馆等)借出 check out借阅 You can check out three books at a time. 你一次可以借三本书。
publishing house n. 出版社 publishing house出版社 All the British publishing houses were unwilling to publish it at first. 起初，所有的英国出版社都不愿意出版它。
unwilling adj. 不愿意 be unwilling to do sth不愿意做某事 They were unwilling to help at first. 起初他们不愿意帮忙。
sale n. 销售量;销售,出售 on sale出售中 The book has had great sales. 这本书销量很好。
copy n. 一本(份,册);复制品 a copy of一本... I bought a copy of Harry Potter. 我买了一本《哈利·波特》。
especially adv. 尤其,特别 especially特别、尤其 I love reading, especially novels. 我喜欢阅读，尤其是小说。
literature n. 文学 literature文学 Chinese literature is rich and profound. 中国文学丰富而深厚。
must-read n. 必读的东西 must-read必读书目 This book is a must-read for all students. 这本书是所有学生的必读书目。
publisher n. 出版人(或机构) publisher出版商 The publisher accepted the book a year later. 出版商一年后接受了这本书。
pirate vt. 盗印,窃用; n. 盗版者;海盗 pirate盗印、盗版 Some people make pirate copies of books. 有些人制作盗版书籍。
reader n. 读者 reader读者 The book has millions of readers worldwide. 这本书在全球有数百万读者。
difficulty n. 困难 have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难 I have difficulty understanding this book. 我理解这本书有困难。
copyright n. 版权,著作权 copyright版权 Writers have to protect their copyright. 作家必须保护他们的版权。
agreement n. 同意;一致;协议 reach an agreement达成协议 They finally reached an agreement. 他们最终达成了协议。
market n. 市场 market市场 We should build a healthy book market. 我们应该建立一个健康的图书市场。
excuse vt. 原谅; n. 理由,借口 excuse me劳驾,请原谅 Excuse me, could you tell me where to find this book 劳驾，你能告诉我在哪里能找到这本书吗？
at a time 每次 at a time每次 You can borrow three books at a time. 你每次可以借三本书。
within prep. 在...之内 within在...之内 You must return them within a month. 你必须在一个月内归还。
describe vt. 描述 describe描述 Can you describe the main character 你能描述一下主角吗？
journal n. 日志 reading journal阅读日志 We need to write a reading journal. 我们需要写一篇阅读日志。
title n. 名称,标题;头衔,称谓 title标题 What is the title of the book 这本书的标题是什么？
naughty adj. 顽皮的,淘气的 naughty淘气的 Tom Sawyer is a naughty boy. 汤姆·索亚是个淘气的男孩。
faraway adj. 遥远的 faraway遥远的 They went to a faraway island. 他们去了一个遥远的岛屿。
island n. 岛 island岛屿 Gulliver found himself on a strange island. 格列佛发现自己在一个陌生的岛屿上。
though conj. 尽管 though虽然、尽管 He is fun-loving and brave, though he often gets into trouble. 他虽然经常惹麻烦，但很有趣且勇敢。
第二部分 重点词组
本部分整理了Unit 4的重点词组，包括固定搭配、常用表达及其用法。每个词组都配有例句，帮助理解和运用。
阅读相关
词组 含义 例句
read part of... 阅读...的部分内容 We read part of Gulliver's Travels in class. 我们在课堂上阅读了《格列佛游记》的部分内容。
learn about different types of books 了解不同类型的书籍 We will learn about different types of books in this unit. 在本单元我们将了解不同类型的书籍。
describe reading preferences 描述阅读偏好 Can you describe your reading preferences 你能描述一下你的阅读偏好吗？
enrich our lives by reading 通过阅读丰富我们的生活 Reading can enrich our lives. 阅读可以丰富我们的生活。
write a book review 写书评 I have to write a book review for the school newspaper. 我要为校报写一篇书评。
keep a reading journal 写阅读日志 Mr Wu asked us to keep a reading journal. 吴老师让我们写阅读日志。
check out books 借书 You can check out three books at a time from the library. 你从图书馆一次可以借三本书。
hand in 提交 You must hand in your book review on Friday. 你必须在周五提交你的书评。
故事叙述
词组 含义 例句
crash against the rocks 撞上礁石 After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. 我们的船撞上礁石后，我尽可能远地游。
fall asleep 入睡 I fell down on the beach and fell asleep. 我倒在海滩上睡着了。
wake up 醒来 I woke up as the sun was rising. 太阳升起时我醒了。
be tied to 被绑在... My arms, legs and hair were tied to the ground. 我的胳膊、腿和头发都被绑在地上。
fall over 摔倒 The loud noise made them all fall over. 巨大的噪音使他们全都摔倒了。
get up 站起来 However, they soon got up again. 然而，他们很快又站了起来。
move across 穿过,横过 They continued moving across my body. 他们继续在我身上移动。
pull out of 从...抽出 I tried to pull one hand out of the rope. 我试着把一只手从绳子中抽出。
break free 挣脱 Finally, I managed to break free. 最后，我成功挣脱了。
lift into the air 举到空中 When I lifted my left hand into the air... 当我把左手举到空中时...
run away from 从...逃跑 I must run away from them right away. 我必须马上从他们身边跑开。
come straight towards 径直朝...走来 They were coming straight towards me. 他们径直朝我走来。
情态动词相关
词组 含义 例句
have to 必须,不得不 Every member has to read one book every month. 每个成员每月必须读一本书。
must 必须 You must follow these rules. 你必须遵守这些规则。
must not/mustn't 禁止,不许 You mustn't write in the books. 你不许在书上写字。
don't have to 不必 You don't have to say much in our discussions. 你在讨论中不必说太多。
can't 不能 The book can't be longer than 200 pages. 这本书不能超过200页。
疑问词+不定式
词组 含义 例句
what to read 读什么 Millie has decided what to read. 米莉已经决定读什么了。
how to start 如何开始 Daniel asked the club members how to start the discussion. 丹尼尔问俱乐部成员如何开始讨论。
where to find 在哪里找到 Could you tell me where to find the Harry Potter series 你能告诉我在哪里能找到《哈利·波特》系列吗？
when to return 何时归还 Simon forgot when to return his library books. 西蒙忘记何时归还他的图书馆书籍了。
which to choose 选择哪一个 Kitty cannot decide which to choose first. 基蒂无法决定先选哪一个。
who to ask 问谁 Gulliver was not sure who to ask for help. 格列佛不确定该向谁求助。
how many to take 拿多少 You can decide how many books to take with you. 你可以决定带多少本书。
how to write 如何写 Amy does not know how to write the book review. 艾米不知道如何写书评。
其他常用词组
词组 含义 例句
be tired out 累极了 By the time I finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired out. 当我终于感觉到脚下的土地时，我已经累极了。
at the moment 此刻,目前 Are you reading anything good at the moment 你目前在读什么好书吗？
be interested in 对...感兴趣 I'm really interested in history. 我对历史真的很感兴趣。
be a fan of 是...的粉丝/爱好者 But I'm not a fan of history books. 但我不是历史书的爱好者。
be worth doing 值得做 Is it worth reading 它值得一读吗？
check out 查看,借出 You must check it out! 你一定要去看看！
put up 张贴 I'll put up a timetable on my office door. 我会在办公室门上贴一张时间表。
first of all 首先 First of all, you must remember to take care of the books. 首先，你必须记住爱护书籍。
at a time 每次 You can borrow three books at a time. 你每次可以借三本书。
within a month 在一个月内 You must return them within a month. 你必须在一个月内归还。
give away 泄露 I mustn't give away the ending of the story. 我不能泄露故事的结局。
make a living by 靠...谋生 Some writers make a living by writing books. 有些作家靠写书谋生。
have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 They may have difficulty getting the book published. 他们可能出版这本书有困难。
say no to 拒绝,对...说不 It is important to say no to pirated books. 对盗版书说不是很重要的。
as well as 除...之外还 The story tells us to face the results of bad choices as well as to fight for what we think is right. 这个故事告诉我们要面对错误选择的后果，也要为我们认为正确的事情而奋斗。
第三部分 语法精讲
本单元主要学习两个语法点：疑问词+动词不定式结构，以及must与have to的用法区别。
3.1 疑问词 + 动词不定式
一、基本结构
我们可以用“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构充当动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词what、which、who等和疑问副词how、when、where。
常与“疑问词+动词不定式”结构连用的动词及动词短语：
know learn see hear
ask tell advise decide
explain forget remember think
understand wonder find out discuss
二、用法详解
用法1：疑问词 + to do 作宾语
例句：I do not know what to say next. 我不知道接下来说什么。
I cannot decide which to take. 我不能决定该拿哪一个。
用法2：动词 + 宾语 + 疑问词 + to do（双宾语结构）
适用于：advise, ask, show, teach, tell等动词后接双宾语的情况。
例句：Please tell me how to get there. 请告诉我怎么去那儿。
Sandy showed Millie how to use the VR glasses. 桑迪给米莉演示了如何使用VR眼镜。
用法3：疑问词 + 名词 + to do
有些疑问词如what、which、whose、how many、how much等，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。
例句：She wondered how many subjects to choose. 她不知道该选几门课。
They are discussing which book to read next. 他们正在讨论接下来读哪本书。
用法4：形容词 + 疑问词 + to do
在“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如sure、clear等形容词。
例句：I am not sure which way to take. 我不确定走哪条路。
Are you clear when to meet at the Book Club tomorrow
你清楚明天什么时候在读书俱乐部见面吗？
用法5：作主语和表语
“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构在句子中还可以充当主语和表语。
例句：How to deal with the problem is most important to us.
如何处理这个问题对我们来说最重要。
The problem is when to leave the place. 问题是何时离开这个地方。
用法6：改写为宾语从句
“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。
例句：I do not know what to do. = I do not know what I should do. 我不知道该做什么。
注意：所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。
Suzy will explain why to recommend this book. (错误)
Suzy will explain why she recommends this book. (正确)
3.2 must与have to的用法
一、基本用法
1. must的用法
must表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句中，意思是“必须、得、要”。
例句：You must take exercise today. 你今天必须进行锻炼。
I must check my spelling and grammar before I hand in my book review.
我必须在提交书评前检查拼写和语法。
2. have to的用法
have to表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”。have to有人称和数的变化。
例句：It is getting dark. He has to go home now. 天快黑了。他现在得回家了。
Mum is out, so I have to look after myself. 妈妈出去了，因此我不得不照顾自己。
二、否定形式
1. must not/mustn't
must的否定形式must not表示禁止，意思是“不能、不许”。
例句：You must not smoke here. 你不能在这里抽烟。
You mustn't write in the books or take out any pages. 你不许在书上写字或撕掉任何一页。
2. don't have to / doesn't have to
have to的否定形式是do/does not have to，表示“不必”。
例句：They do not have to buy a computer at the moment. 他们目前没有必要买电脑。
You don't have to say much in our discussions. 你在讨论中不必说太多。
三、must与have to的区别
项目 must have to
含义 主观上的必须 客观上的不得不
语气 更强烈，强调义务 较客观，强调需要
否定 mustn't（禁止） don't have to（不必）
时态 只有现在时 有各种时态变化
例句 I must go.（我得走了。） I have to go.（我不得不走。）
四、have to的时态变化
have to有人称和数的变化，也有时态的变化：
时态 形式 例句
一般现在时 have/has to I have to go now.我现在得走了。
一般过去时 had to Gulliver had to pull his hand out of the rope. 格列佛不得不把手从绳子里抽出来。
一般将来时 will have to You will have to finish it tomorrow. 你明天必须完成它。
否定形式 don't/doesn't/didn't have to You don't have to worry about it. 你不必担心这件事。
第四部分 语法练习
本部分提供针对性的语法练习题，帮助你巩固疑问词+动词不定式以及must与have to的用法。
练习一：用疑问词+动词不定式完成句子
1.I don't know __________ (该做什么).
答案：what to do
2.Can you tell me __________ (怎么去那里)
答案：how to get there
3.She hasn't decided __________ (选择哪一个).
答案：which to choose
4.We need to discuss __________ (何时开始).
答案：when to start
5.Do you know __________ (向谁求助)
答案：who to ask for help
6.He forgot __________ (何时归还书).
答案：when to return the books
7.Please show me __________ (如何使用这台电脑).
答案：how to use this computer
8.I'm not sure __________ (走哪条路).
答案：which way to take
练习二：选择must, mustn't, have to或don't have to填空
1.You __________ be quiet in the library.
2.You __________ eat or drink in the reading room.
3.I __________ finish my homework before I go out.
4.You __________ return the books within a month.
5.You __________ love every book you read.
6.We __________ follow the school rules.
7.She __________ get up early because she lives far from school.
8.You __________ shout in the classroom.
答案：1. must 2.mustn't 3. have to 4. must/have to 5. don't have to
6. must/have to 7. has to 8. mustn't
练习三：句型转换
1.将下列疑问句改为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构：
How should I start the discussion → Daniel asked the club members __________
答案：how to start the discussion
What should we read next → The club members need to decide __________
答案：what to read next
When do we organize the next meeting → Daniel explained __________
答案：when to organize the next meeting
练习四：翻译句子
1. 我不知道该选哪本书。
答案：I don't know which book to choose.
2. 你必须在周五前提交书评。
答案：You must/have to hand in your book review on Friday.
3. 你不必在讨论中说太多。
答案：You don't have to say much in the discussions.
4. 请告诉我如何写阅读日志。
答案：Please tell me how to write a reading journal.
5. 你不许在图书馆吃东西。
答案：You mustn't eat in the library.
第五部分 书面表达
本单元的写作任务是写一篇阅读日志(reading journal)。阅读日志是记录阅读内容、分享阅读感受的好方法。
一、写作话题分析
1. 话题类型
本单元写作话题为“介绍一本书”，属于说明文+议论文的混合体裁。需要介绍书籍的基本信息、内容概要，并表达个人观点。
2. 写作要点
一篇完整的阅读日志通常包括以下内容：
书名（Title） 作者（Writer/Author） 书籍类型（Type） 主要人物（Main characters）
内容概要（Summary） 个人评价（My opinion）
二、常用表达
1. 介绍书籍
This book is about/describes... 这本书是关于/描述了...
The story tells us... 这个故事告诉我们...
It is written by... 它是由...写的
The book is a type of... 这本书是...类型的
2. 描述人物
The main character is... 主角是...
He/She is... 他/她是...
I love the character... best. 我最喜欢...这个角色
He/She/They is/are..., though... 他/她/他们是...，尽管...
3. 表达观点
I really enjoy this book because... 我非常喜欢这本书，因为...
In my opinion,... 在我看来...
I think... 我认为...
What I like most is... 我最喜欢的是...
This book teaches us that... 这本书教会我们...
三、高分句型
not only... but also... 不仅...而且...
as well as 除...之外还
though/although 虽然、尽管
be worth doing 值得做
have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
四、参考模板
My Reading Journal
Title:__________
Writer:__________
Type:__________
When to start:__________
When to finish:__________
Main characters:
__________
__________
Summary:
The book describes... It tells the story of...
My opinion:
I really enjoy this book because... I love the character... best. He/She is... The story tells us to...
五、范文示例
My Reading Journal
Title:The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Writer:Mark Twain
Type:Fiction
When to start:24 April
When to finish:10 May
Main characters:
Tom Sawyer, a naughty boy
Aunt Polly, Tom's loving aunt
Huckleberry Finn, Tom's best friend
Becky Thatcher, Tom's friend
Summary:
The book describes a series of adventures of Tom Sawyer and his friends. From talking his friends into doing chores for him to finding treasure, from playing on a faraway island to running away from bad people, Tom is always off on an exciting adventure.
My opinion:
I really enjoy this book because it is both exciting and funny. I love the character Tom best. He is fun-loving and brave, though he often gets into trouble with his friends. The story tells us to face the results of bad choices as well as to fight for what we think is right.
第六部分 知识导图
本部分以思维导图的形式，帮助你整体把握Unit 4的知识体系，便于复习和记忆。
Unit 4 知识框架
Unit 4: A Good Read
单元主题
Reading is a good way to open our minds.
阅读是打开我们心灵的好方法
核心词汇
阅读相关：read, fiction, non-fiction, novel, literature, reader, publisher, publishing house, copyright
动作描述：crash, pull, break free, fall over, continue, lift
状态描述：tired out, clear, unwilling, naughty, faraway
其他重要：army, stomach, rope, island, journal, review, summary, excuse
重点词组
阅读相关：write a book review, keep a reading journal, check out books, hand in
动作描述：crash against, fall asleep, wake up, be tied to, pull out of, break free, run away from
其他常用：be tired out, right away, first of all, at a time, within, give away, as well as, have difficulty (in) doing
语法要点
1. 疑问词 + 动词不定式
结构：疑问词(what/which/how/when/where/who) + to do
用法：作宾语、主语、表语
注意：why不能用于此结构
例句：I don't know what to do. / Can you tell me how to get there
2. must与have to
must：主观必须，mustn't表示禁止
have to：客观需要，don't have to表示不必
have to有时态变化：have/has to → had to → will have to
书面表达
写作任务：写一篇阅读日志 (Reading Journal)
内容要点：
Title（书名）
Writer（作者）
Type（类型）
Main characters（主要人物）
Summary（内容概要）
My opinion（个人评价）
课文内容
Reading:Gulliver in Lilliput（《格列佛游记》节选）
作者：Jonathan Swift（乔纳森·斯威夫特）
故事概要：格列佛在小人国的奇遇
学习建议
1. 每天背诵10个单词，结合例句记忆
2. 整理词组卡片，随时复习
3. 多做语法练习，巩固疑问词+不定式和must/have to的用法
4. 尝试用英语写一篇阅读日志，练习书面表达
5. 阅读《格列佛游记》原著或中文版，拓展阅读视野
八年级下册 Unit 4 A Good Read | 知识清单
1 / 1
Happy Reading!
“Reading ten thousand books is like travelling ten thousand miles.”
“读万卷书，行万里路”
八年级下册英语 · Unit 4 · 译林版译林版新版八年级下册英语
Unit 4 A Good Read
知识清单默写版
核心词汇 · 重点词组 · 语法讲解 · 写作指导 · 知识导图
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
目 录
第一部分 核心词汇 3
第二部分 重点词组 8
第三部分 语法精讲 14
3.1 疑问词 + 动词不定式 14
3.2 must与have to的用法 16
第四部分 语法练习 19
第五部分 书面表达 21
一、写作话题分析 21
二、常用表达 21
三、高分句型 22
四、参考模板 23
五、范文示例 23
第六部分 知识导图 25
第一部分 核心词汇
本部分整理了Unit 4的核心词汇，包括词义、用法搭配、常用短语及词形变换。每个词汇都配有例句，帮助理解和记忆。
词汇 词义 用法搭配 例句
read n. 读物,书(或文章等) read作名词表示“读物” This novel is a good . 这本小说是本不错的读物。
fiction n. 小说 fiction指虚构的小说作品 I prefer science to romance. 比起言情小说，我更喜欢科幻小说。
non-fiction n. 非虚构作品 non-fiction指基于事实的作品 History books are a type of . 历史书是非虚构作品的一种。
made-up adj. 不真实的,编造的 made-up表示虚构的、编造的 The story is completely . 这个故事完全是编造的。
novel n. (长篇)小说 novel指长篇小说 Have you read this by Leo Tolstoy 你读过列夫·托尔斯泰的这本小说吗？
crash vi. 撞击,碰撞 crash against/into撞击 The ship against the rocks. 船撞上了礁石。
be tired out 累极了 be tired out = be exhausted After the long journey, I . 长途旅行后，我累极了。
stomach n. 腹部;胃 stomach可指胃或腹部 I felt something on my leg. It moved up over my . 我感到腿上有东西，它向上移过我的腹部。
fall over 摔倒 fall over = fall down The loud noise made them all . 巨大的噪音使他们全都摔倒了。
continue vt. & vi. 继续 continue doing/to do sth继续做某事 They soon got up again and continued （move） across my body. 他们很快又站起来，继续在我身上移动。
either adv. 也(用于否定句) either用于否定句末 I did not know what to say . 我也不知道该说什么。
pull vt. & vi. 抽出;拉,拖 pull out of从...抽出 I tried to one hand out of the rope. 我试着把一只手从绳子中抽出。
rope n. 绳 rope绳子、绳索 My arms, legs and hair were tied to the ground with . 我的胳膊、腿和头发都被绳子绑在地上。
break free 设法逃脱,努力挣脱 break free挣脱、逃脱 Finally, I managed to . 最后，我成功挣脱了。
army n. 大批,大群;军队 an army of一大群 I looked down and saw a huge of tiny people. 我低头一看，看到一大群小人。
straight adv. 径直;笔直地 straight towards径直朝... They were coming towards me. 他们径直朝我走来。
right away 立即,马上 right away = at once I must run away from them . 我必须马上从他们身边跑开。
discuss vt. 讨论,谈论,商量 discuss sth讨论某事 We often books in our Book Club. 我们经常在读书俱乐部讨论书籍。
clear adj. 了解清楚的;清澈的 be clear about对...清楚 Are you about the rules 你对规则清楚吗？
advise vt. 提出建议 advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 My teacher me to read more classics. 我的老师建议我多读经典作品。
hand in 提交,呈交,上交 hand in = submit You must your book review on Friday. 你必须在周五提交你的书评。
review n. 评论 book review书评 I am writing a book for the school newspaper. 我正在为校报写一篇书评。
timetable n. 时间安排;时刻表 timetable时间表 I'll put up a on my office door. 我会在办公室门上贴一张时间表。
summary n. 总结 give a summary做总结 Please give a of the story. 请给这个故事做个总结。
give away 泄露,暴露 give away泄露(秘密等) I mustn't the ending of the story. 我不能泄露故事的结局。
ending n. 结尾,结局 ending结局、结尾 The of the book surprised me. 这本书的结局让我惊讶。
rule n. 规章;规则 follow/obey the rules遵守规则 Every member has to follow the . 每个成员都必须遵守规则。
first of all 第一,首先 first of all首先 , you must remember to take care of the books. 首先，你必须记住爱护书籍。
librarian n. 图书管理员 librarian图书管理员 The helped me find the book. 图书管理员帮我找到了这本书。
check out (从图书馆等)借出 check out借阅 You can three books at a time. 你一次可以借三本书。
publishing house n. 出版社 publishing house出版社 All the British were unwilling to publish it at first. 起初，所有的英国出版社都不愿意出版它。
unwilling adj. 不愿意 be unwilling to do sth不愿意做某事 They were to help at first. 起初他们不愿意帮忙。
sale n. 销售量;销售,出售 on sale出售中 The book has had great . 这本书销量很好。
copy n. 一本(份,册);复制品 a copy of一本... I bought a of Harry Potter. 我买了一本《哈利·波特》。
especially adv. 尤其,特别 especially特别、尤其 I love reading, novels. 我喜欢阅读，尤其是小说。
literature n. 文学 literature文学 Chinese is rich and profound. 中国文学丰富而深厚。
must-read n. 必读的东西 must-read必读书目 This book is a for all students. 这本书是所有学生的必读书目。
publisher n. 出版人(或机构) publisher出版商 The accepted the book a year later. 出版商一年后接受了这本书。
pirate vt. 盗印,窃用; n. 盗版者;海盗 pirate盗印、盗版 Some people make copies of books. 有些人制作盗版书籍。
reader n. 读者 reader读者 The book has millions of readers worldwide. 这本书在全球有数百万读者。
difficulty n. 困难 have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难 I have difficulty this book. 我理解这本书有困难。
copyright n. 版权,著作权 copyright版权 Writers have to protect their . 作家必须保护他们的版权。
agreement n. 同意;一致;协议 reach an agreement达成协议 They finally reached an . 他们最终达成了协议。
market n. 市场 market市场 We should build a healthy book . 我们应该建立一个健康的图书市场。
excuse vt. 原谅; n. 理由,借口 excuse me劳驾,请原谅 , could you tell me where to find this book 劳驾，你能告诉我在哪里能找到这本书吗？
at a time 每次 at a time每次 You can borrow three books . 你每次可以借三本书。
within prep. 在...之内 within在...之内 You must return them a month. 你必须在一个月内归还。
describe vt. 描述 describe描述 Can you the main character 你能描述一下主角吗？
journal n. 日志 reading journal阅读日志 We need to write a reading . 我们需要写一篇阅读日志。
title n. 名称,标题;头衔,称谓 title标题 What is the of the book 这本书的标题是什么？
naughty adj. 顽皮的,淘气的 naughty淘气的 Tom Sawyer is a boy. 汤姆·索亚是个淘气的男孩。
faraway adj. 遥远的 faraway遥远的 They went to a island. 他们去了一个遥远的岛屿。
island n. 岛 island岛屿 Gulliver found himself on a strange . 格列佛发现自己在一个陌生的岛屿上。
though conj. 尽管 though虽然、尽管 He is fun-loving and brave, he often gets into trouble. 他虽然经常惹麻烦，但很有趣且勇敢。
第二部分 重点词组
本部分整理了Unit 4的重点词组，包括固定搭配、常用表达及其用法。每个词组都配有例句，帮助理解和运用。
阅读相关
词组 含义 例句
read part of... 阅读...的部分内容 We Gulliver's Travels in class. 我们在课堂上阅读了《格列佛游记》的部分内容。
learn about different types of books 了解不同类型的书籍 We will learn about different of books in this unit. 在本单元我们将了解不同类型的书籍。
describe reading preferences 描述阅读偏好 Can you describe your reading 你能描述一下你的阅读偏好吗？
enrich our lives by reading 通过阅读丰富我们的生活 Reading can enrich our . 阅读可以丰富我们的生活。
write a book review 写书评 I have to write a book for the school newspaper. 我要为校报写一篇书评。
keep a reading journal 写阅读日志 Mr Wu asked us to keep a reading . 吴老师让我们写阅读日志。
check out books 借书 You can check three books at a time from the library. 你从图书馆一次可以借三本书。
hand in 提交 You must hand your book review on Friday. 你必须在周五提交你的书评。
故事叙述
词组 含义 例句
crash against the rocks 撞上礁石 After our ship against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. 我们的船撞上礁石后，我尽可能远地游。
fall asleep 入睡 I fell down on the beach and asleep. 我倒在海滩上睡着了。
wake up 醒来 I up as the sun was rising. 太阳升起时我醒了。
be tied to 被绑在... My arms, legs and hair tied to the ground. 我的胳膊、腿和头发都被绑在地上。
fall over 摔倒 The loud noise made them all over. 巨大的噪音使他们全都摔倒了。
get up 站起来 However, they soon up again. 然而，他们很快又站了起来。
move across 穿过,横过 They continued across my body. 他们继续在我身上移动。
pull out of 从...抽出 I tried to pull one hand of the rope. 我试着把一只手从绳子中抽出。
break free 挣脱 Finally, I managed to free. 最后，我成功挣脱了。
lift into the air 举到空中 When I my left hand into the air... 当我把左手举到空中时...
run away from 从...逃跑 I must run away them right away. 我必须马上从他们身边跑开。
come straight towards 径直朝...走来 They were straight towards me. 他们径直朝我走来。
情态动词相关
词组 含义 例句
have to 必须,不得不 Every member to read one book every month. 每个成员每月必须读一本书。
must 必须 You follow these rules. 你必须遵守这些规则。
must not/mustn't 禁止,不许 You write in the books. 你不许在书上写字。
don't have to 不必 You don't to say much in our discussions. 你在讨论中不必说太多。
can't 不能 The book be longer than 200 pages. 这本书不能超过200页。
疑问词+不定式
词组 含义 例句
what to read 读什么 Millie has decided to read. 米莉已经决定读什么了。
how to start 如何开始 Daniel asked the club members to start the discussion. 丹尼尔问俱乐部成员如何开始讨论。
where to find 在哪里找到 Could you tell me to find the Harry Potter series 你能告诉我在哪里能找到《哈利·波特》系列吗？
when to return 何时归还 Simon forgot to return his library books. 西蒙忘记何时归还他的图书馆书籍了。
which to choose 选择哪一个 Kitty cannot decide to choose first. 基蒂无法决定先选哪一个。
who to ask 问谁 Gulliver was not sure to ask for help. 格列佛不确定该向谁求助。
how many to take 拿多少 You can decide books to take with you. 你可以决定带多少本书。
how to write 如何写 Amy does not know to write the book review. 艾米不知道如何写书评。
其他常用词组
词组 含义 例句
be tired out 累极了 By the time I finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired . 当我终于感觉到脚下的土地时，我已经累极了。
at the moment 此刻,目前 Are you reading anything good at the 你目前在读什么好书吗？
be interested in 对...感兴趣 I'm really in history. 我对历史真的很感兴趣。
be a fan of 是...的粉丝/爱好者 But I'm not a of history books. 但我不是历史书的爱好者。
be worth doing 值得做 Is it worth 它值得一读吗？
check out 查看,借出 You must check it ! 你一定要去看看！
put up 张贴 I'll a timetable on my office door. 我会在办公室门上贴一张时间表。
first of all 首先 , you must remember to take care of the books. 首先，你必须记住爱护书籍。
at a time 每次 You can borrow three books at . 你每次可以借三本书。
within a month 在一个月内 You must return them a month. 你必须在一个月内归还。
give away 泄露 I mustn't give the ending of the story. 我不能泄露故事的结局。
make a living by 靠...谋生 Some writers make a by writing books. 有些作家靠写书谋生。
have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 They may have difficulty the book published. 他们可能出版这本书有困难。
say no to 拒绝,对...说不 It is important to say no pirated books. 对盗版书说不是很重要的。
as well as 除...之外还 The story tells us to face the results of bad choices as well to fight for what we think is right. 这个故事告诉我们要面对错误选择的后果，也要为我们认为正确的事情而奋斗。
第三部分 语法精讲
本单元主要学习两个语法点：疑问词+动词不定式结构，以及must与have to的用法区别。
3.1 疑问词 + 动词不定式
一、基本结构
我们可以用“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构充当动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词what、which、who等和疑问副词how、when、where。
常与“疑问词+动词不定式”结构连用的动词及动词短语：
know learn see hear
ask tell advise decide
explain forget remember think
understand wonder find out discuss
二、用法详解
用法1：疑问词 + to do 作宾语
例句：I do not know what to say next. 我不知道接下来说什么。
I cannot decide which to take. 我不能决定该拿哪一个。
用法2：动词 + 宾语 + 疑问词 + to do（双宾语结构）
适用于：advise, ask, show, teach, tell等动词后接双宾语的情况。
例句：Please tell me how to get there. 请告诉我怎么去那儿。
Sandy showed Millie how to use the VR glasses. 桑迪给米莉演示了如何使用VR眼镜。
用法3：疑问词 + 名词 + to do
有些疑问词如what、which、whose、how many、how much等，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。
例句：She wondered how many subjects to choose. 她不知道该选几门课。
They are discussing which book to read next. 他们正在讨论接下来读哪本书。
用法4：形容词 + 疑问词 + to do
在“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如sure、clear等形容词。
例句：I am not sure which way to take. 我不确定走哪条路。
Are you clear when to meet at the Book Club tomorrow
你清楚明天什么时候在读书俱乐部见面吗？
用法5：作主语和表语
“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构在句子中还可以充当主语和表语。
例句：How to deal with the problem is most important to us.
如何处理这个问题对我们来说最重要。
The problem is when to leave the place. 问题是何时离开这个地方。
用法6：改写为宾语从句
“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。
例句：I do not know what to do. = I do not know what I should do. 我不知道该做什么。
注意：所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。
Suzy will explain why to recommend this book. (错误)
Suzy will explain why she recommends this book. (正确)
3.2 must与have to的用法
一、基本用法
1. must的用法
must表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句中，意思是“必须、得、要”。
例句：You must take exercise today. 你今天必须进行锻炼。
I must check my spelling and grammar before I hand in my book review.
我必须在提交书评前检查拼写和语法。
2. have to的用法
have to表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”。have to有人称和数的变化。
例句：It is getting dark. He has to go home now. 天快黑了。他现在得回家了。
Mum is out, so I have to look after myself. 妈妈出去了，因此我不得不照顾自己。
二、否定形式
1. must not/mustn't
must的否定形式must not表示禁止，意思是“不能、不许”。
例句：You must not smoke here. 你不能在这里抽烟。
You mustn't write in the books or take out any pages. 你不许在书上写字或撕掉任何一页。
2. don't have to / doesn't have to
have to的否定形式是do/does not have to，表示“不必”。
例句：They do not have to buy a computer at the moment. 他们目前没有必要买电脑。
You don't have to say much in our discussions. 你在讨论中不必说太多。
三、must与have to的区别
项目 must have to
含义 主观上的必须 客观上的不得不
语气 更强烈，强调义务 较客观，强调需要
否定 mustn't（禁止） don't have to（不必）
时态 只有现在时 有各种时态变化
例句 I must go.（我得走了。） I have to go.（我不得不走。）
四、have to的时态变化
have to有人称和数的变化，也有时态的变化：
时态 形式 例句
一般现在时 have/has to I have to go now.我现在得走了。
一般过去时 had to Gulliver had to pull his hand out of the rope. 格列佛不得不把手从绳子里抽出来。
一般将来时 will have to You will have to finish it tomorrow. 你明天必须完成它。
否定形式 don't/doesn't/didn't have to You don't have to worry about it. 你不必担心这件事。
第四部分 语法练习
本部分提供针对性的语法练习题，帮助你巩固疑问词+动词不定式以及must与have to的用法。
练习一：用疑问词+动词不定式完成句子
1.I don't know __________ (该做什么).
2.Can you tell me __________ (怎么去那里)
3.She hasn't decided __________ (选择哪一个).
4.We need to discuss __________ (何时开始).
5.Do you know __________ (向谁求助)
6.He forgot __________ (何时归还书).
7.Please show me __________ (如何使用这台电脑).
8.I'm not sure __________ (走哪条路).
练习二：选择must, mustn't, have to或don't have to填空
1.You __________ be quiet in the library.
2.You __________ eat or drink in the reading room.
3.I __________ finish my homework before I go out.
4.You __________ return the books within a month.
5.You __________ love every book you read.
6.We __________ follow the school rules.
7.She __________ get up early because she lives far from school.
8.You __________ shout in the classroom.
练习三：句型转换
1.将下列疑问句改为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构：
How should I start the discussion → Daniel asked the club members __________
What should we read next → The club members need to decide __________
When do we organize the next meeting → Daniel explained __________
练习四：翻译句子
1. 我不知道该选哪本书。
2. 你必须在周五前提交书评。
3. 你不必在讨论中说太多。
4. 请告诉我如何写阅读日志。
5. 你不许在图书馆吃东西。
第五部分 书面表达
本单元的写作任务是写一篇阅读日志(reading journal)。阅读日志是记录阅读内容、分享阅读感受的好方法。
一、写作话题分析
1. 话题类型
本单元写作话题为“介绍一本书”，属于说明文+议论文的混合体裁。需要介绍书籍的基本信息、内容概要，并表达个人观点。
2. 写作要点
一篇完整的阅读日志通常包括以下内容：
书名（Title） 作者（Writer/Author） 书籍类型（Type） 主要人物（Main characters）
内容概要（Summary） 个人评价（My opinion）
二、常用表达
1. 介绍书籍
This book is about/describes... 这本书是关于/描述了...
The story tells us... 这个故事告诉我们...
It is written by... 它是由...写的
The book is a type of... 这本书是...类型的
2. 描述人物
The main character is... 主角是...
He/She is... 他/她是...
I love the character... best. 我最喜欢...这个角色
He/She/They is/are..., though... 他/她/他们是...，尽管...
3. 表达观点
I really enjoy this book because... 我非常喜欢这本书，因为...
In my opinion,... 在我看来...
I think... 我认为...
What I like most is... 我最喜欢的是...
This book teaches us that... 这本书教会我们...
三、高分句型
not only... but also... 不仅...而且...
as well as 除...之外还
though/although 虽然、尽管
be worth doing 值得做
have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
四、参考模板
My Reading Journal
Title:__________
Writer:__________
Type:__________
When to start:__________
When to finish:__________
Main characters:
__________
__________
Summary:
The book describes... It tells the story of...
My opinion:
I really enjoy this book because... I love the character... best. He/She is... The story tells us to...
五、范文示例
My Reading Journal
Title:The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Writer:Mark Twain
Type:Fiction
When to start:24 April
When to finish:10 May
Main characters:
Tom Sawyer, a naughty boy
Aunt Polly, Tom's loving aunt
Huckleberry Finn, Tom's best friend
Becky Thatcher, Tom's friend
Summary:
The book describes a series of adventures of Tom Sawyer and his friends. From talking his friends into doing chores for him to finding treasure, from playing on a faraway island to running away from bad people, Tom is always off on an exciting adventure.
My opinion:
I really enjoy this book because it is both exciting and funny. I love the character Tom best. He is fun-loving and brave, though he often gets into trouble with his friends. The story tells us to face the results of bad choices as well as to fight for what we think is right.
第六部分 知识导图
本部分以思维导图的形式，帮助你整体把握Unit 4的知识体系，便于复习和记忆。
Unit 4 知识框架
Unit 4: A Good Read
单元主题
Reading is a good way to open our minds.
阅读是打开我们心灵的好方法
核心词汇
阅读相关：read, fiction, non-fiction, novel, literature, reader, publisher, publishing house, copyright
动作描述：crash, pull, break free, fall over, continue, lift
状态描述：tired out, clear, unwilling, naughty, faraway
其他重要：army, stomach, rope, island, journal, review, summary, excuse
重点词组
阅读相关：write a book review, keep a reading journal, check out books, hand in
动作描述：crash against, fall asleep, wake up, be tied to, pull out of, break free, run away from
其他常用：be tired out, right away, first of all, at a time, within, give away, as well as, have difficulty (in) doing
语法要点
1. 疑问词 + 动词不定式
结构：疑问词(what/which/how/when/where/who) + to do
用法：作宾语、主语、表语
注意：why不能用于此结构
例句：I don't know what to do. / Can you tell me how to get there
2. must与have to
must：主观必须，mustn't表示禁止
have to：客观需要，don't have to表示不必
have to有时态变化：have/has to → had to → will have to
书面表达
写作任务：写一篇阅读日志 (Reading Journal)
内容要点：
Title（书名）
Writer（作者）
Type（类型）
Main characters（主要人物）
Summary（内容概要）
My opinion（个人评价）
课文内容
Reading:Gulliver in Lilliput（《格列佛游记》节选）
作者：Jonathan Swift（乔纳森·斯威夫特）
故事概要：格列佛在小人国的奇遇
学习建议
1. 每天背诵10个单词，结合例句记忆
2. 整理词组卡片，随时复习
3. 多做语法练习，巩固疑问词+不定式和must/have to的用法
4. 尝试用英语写一篇阅读日志，练习书面表达
5. 阅读《格列佛游记》原著或中文版，拓展阅读视野
八年级下册 Unit 4 A Good Read | 知识清单
1 / 1
Happy Reading!
“Reading ten thousand books is like travelling ten thousand miles.”
“读万卷书，行万里路”
八年级下册英语 · Unit 4 · 译林版

展开更多......

收起↑