Unit 6 Sunshine for all 单元知识清单 译林版新教材英语八年级下册

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Unit 6 Sunshine for all 单元知识清单 译林版新教材英语八年级下册

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Unit 6 Sunshine for all 单元知识点梳理
一、重点单词
1. volunteer / v l n t (r)/ v. 自愿做;义务做 n. 志愿者(短语:volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事)
2. disabled /d s e bld/ adj. 残疾的;有缺陷的(短语:disabled people 残疾人)
3. blind /bla nd/ adj. 盲的;失明的(短语:the blind 盲人)
4. deaf /def/ adj. 聋的(短语:the deaf 聋人)
5. cheer /t (r)/ v. 欢呼;喝彩(短语:cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来)
6. raise /re z/ v. 筹集;提升(短语:raise money 筹钱;raise one's hand 举手)
7. organize / ɡ na z/ v. 组织;筹备(短语:organize an activity 组织一项活动)
8. offer / f (r)/ v. 主动提出;自愿给予(短语:offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物;offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事)
9. chance /t ɑ ns/ n. 机会;机遇(短语:give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会)
10. similar / s m l (r)/ adj. 相似的(短语:be similar to 与……相似)
11. difference / d fr ns/ n. 差异;不同(短语:make a difference 有影响;起作用)
12. able / e bl/ adj. 能够;有能力的(短语:be able to do sth. 能够做某事)
13. unable / n e bl/ adj. 不能的;无法的(前缀 un 表否定,短语:be unable to do sth. 不能做某事)
14. kindness / ka ndn s/ n. 仁慈;善良(形容词:kind)
15. care /ke (r)/ v. 关心;照顾 n. 照料(短语:care for 关心;照顾)
16. support /s p t/ v.&n. 支持;帮助(短语:give support to sb. 支持某人)
17. donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠;赠送(短语:donate sth. to sb. 把某物捐赠给某人)
18. lonely / l nli/ adj. 孤独的;寂寞的(强调内心感受)
19. friendship / frend p/ n. 友谊;友情(形容词:friendly)
20. notice / n t s/ n. 通知;布告 v. 注意到(短语:put up a notice 张贴通知)
二、重点短语
1. Sunshine for all 阳光普照所有人
2. cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来
3. raise money for... 为……筹钱
4. give a helping hand 伸出援手
5. disabled people 残疾人
6. the blind 盲人(指代一类人)
7. the deaf 聋人(指代一类人)
8. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
9. organize a charity show 组织一场慈善演出
10. offer to help 主动提供帮助
11. make a difference 有影响;起作用
12. be similar to 与……相似
13. care for the elderly 照顾老人
14. take part in 参加(活动)
15. donate clothes to... 把衣服捐赠给……
16. set up a club 成立一个俱乐部
17. lonely people 孤独的人
18. a chance to do sth. 做某事的机会
19. need one's support 需要某人的支持
20. work as a volunteer 担任志愿者
三、重点句型
1. —What can we do to help disabled people
—We can raise money for them to buy new toys.
(—我们能做什么来帮助残疾人?—我们可以为他们筹钱买新玩具。)
2. Let's organize a charity show to cheer up the sick children.
(让我们组织一场慈善演出,让生病的孩子们振作起来。)
3. It's kind of you to offer help to the blind man.
(你真好,主动帮助那位盲人。)
4. We should care for the lonely elderly in our community.
(我们应该关心社区里孤独的老人。)
5. Volunteering our time to help others is a good way to spend our free time.
(自愿花时间帮助他人是度过空闲时间的好方式。)
6. Can you give me a chance to join the volunteer club
(你能给我一个加入志愿者俱乐部的机会吗?)
7. Small acts of kindness can make a big difference to someone's life.
(小小的善举能对一个人的生活产生很大影响。)
8. —How can we support the homeless people
—We can donate food and clothes to the shelter.
(—我们如何支持无家可归的人?—我们可以给收容所捐赠食物和衣服。)
9. She is unable to walk, so we need to help her cross the road.
(她不能走路,所以我们需要帮她过马路。)
10. Let's make friends with the lonely kids and play games with them.
(让我们和孤独的孩子们交朋友,和他们一起玩游戏。)
四、重点词汇辨析
1. able & unable
词汇 含义与用法 例句
able adj. 有能力的,强调具备某种能力,常用短语be able to do sth.,可用于各种时态 She is able to speak three languages.(她能说三种语言。) We will be able to finish the work tomorrow.(我们明天能完成这项工作。)
unable adj. 无能力的,是able的反义词,前缀un表否定,常用短语be unable to do sth. He is unable to come to the party because he is ill.(他因为生病不能来参加派对。) The little boy was unable to reach the book on the shelf.(小男孩够不到书架上的书。)
2. lonely & alone
词汇 含义与用法 例句
lonely adj. 孤独的、寂寞的,强调内心的孤独感,可作表语或定语 The old man feels lonely because he lives alone.(老人感到孤独,因为他独自居住。) We should visit the lonely children in the village.(我们应该去看望村里孤独的孩子们。)
alone adj./adv. 独自的、单独地,强调客观上独自一人,不强调内心感受 She lives alone in a small house.(她独自住在一所小房子里。) Can you finish the work alone (你能独自完成这项工作吗?)
3. raise & rise
词汇 含义与用法 例句
raise v. 及物动词,意为“筹集、提升、举起”,后面必须接宾语 We want to raise money for the disabled children.(我们想为残疾儿童筹钱。) Please raise your hand if you have any questions.(如果你有问题,请举手。)
rise v. 不及物动词,意为“上升、升起”,后面不能接宾语 The sun rises in the east every day.(太阳每天从东方升起。) The river rose after the heavy rain.(大雨过后河水上涨了。)
4. cheer & encourage
词汇 含义与用法 例句
cheer v. 侧重通过欢呼、喝彩使某人振作或开心,常用短语cheer sb. up Let's cheer up the sick kids with some funny stories.(让我们用一些有趣的故事让生病的孩子们振作起来。) The crowd cheered loudly when the team won.(球队获胜时,人群大声欢呼。)
encourage v. 侧重通过言语、行动激励某人去做某事,常用短语encourage sb. to do sth. My teacher encourages me to join the writing competition.(我的老师鼓励我参加写作比赛。) We should encourage each other to work harder.(我们应该互相鼓励,更加努力学习。)
五、重点语法
1. 现在进行时表将来(计划、安排)
含义:表示已经计划好、安排好要做的事情,常与将来时间状语(tomorrow, next week, this weekend等)连用。
句式结构:
① 肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + doing + 其他
例:We are organizing a charity show this weekend.(我们这周末要组织一场慈善演出。)
② 否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + doing + 其他
例:They aren't going to visit the elderly home next week.(他们下周不去敬老院。)
③ 一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + doing + 其他?
例:Are you volunteering to help clean the park tomorrow (你明天要自愿帮忙打扫公园吗?)
2. should/ought to 表建议
含义:should和ought to都可提出建议,意为“应该”,ought to语气稍正式。
用法:
① should/ought to + 动词原形
例:We should care for the lonely people in our neighborhood.(我们应该关心社区里的孤独人群。)
② 否定式:shouldn't/ought not to + 动词原形(表“不应该”)
例:We shouldn't laugh at disabled people.(我们不应该嘲笑残疾人。)
3. 动词不定式的用法(作宾语、状语)
作宾语:跟在want, hope, offer, volunteer等动词后
例:I want to be a volunteer to help the blind.(我想成为一名志愿者帮助盲人。)
作目的状语:表动作的目的,可放句首或句末
例:To cheer up the sick children, we brought them some toys.(为了让生病的孩子们振作起来,我们给他们带了一些玩具。)
4. 特殊疑问句(询问帮助方式、计划)
常用疑问词:what(做什么)、how(如何做)、when(何时做)、where(在哪里做)
典型句式:
① 询问帮助方式:What can we do to support the disabled (我们能做什么来支持残疾人?)
② 询问计划:When are you going to hold the charity sale (你们打算什么时候举办义卖活动?)
六、写作指导(关爱他人/志愿者活动类短文)
1. 写作结构
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 点明关爱他人的重要性,引出要介绍的帮助活动或倡议 As the saying goes, "Roses given, fragrance in hand." Helping others makes the world warmer. Today I want to share our volunteer activity plan.
主体 分点描述具体的帮助方式或活动安排,说明活动目的与意义 First, we are going to hold a charity sale next Friday to raise money for disabled children. Second, we will visit the elderly home every weekend to chat with the old people. Third, we can volunteer to help blind people cross the road in our daily life.
结尾 呼吁大家行动起来,传递爱心 Small acts of kindness can make a big difference. Let's join hands to give love to the people in need.
2. 范文示例
A Volunteer Activity Plan
As the saying goes, "Roses given, fragrance in hand." Helping others is a wonderful thing that brings joy to both the giver and the receiver. Our class is planning a volunteer activity to care for disabled children next month.
First, we are going to hold a charity show in our school hall on June 15th. We will sing songs, dance and put on short plays. All the money we raise will be used to buy storybooks and toys for the disabled children in the city's special school. Second, we will visit the special school on June 20th. We will play games with the children, tell them interesting stories and help them with their lessons. We want to cheer them up and make them feel loved. Third, we will make colorful posters to call on more students to join our volunteer team.
I believe this activity will not only bring happiness to the disabled children but also teach us to be kind and responsible. Let's work together to make the world a better place for everyone.

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