Unit 7 Charities 单元知识清单 译林版新教材英语八年级下册

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Unit 7 Charities 单元知识清单 译林版新教材英语八年级下册

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Unit 7 Charities 单元知识点梳理
一、重点单词
1. charity / t r ti/ n. 慈善机构;慈善(复数:charities;短语:charity show 慈善演出;donate to charity 向慈善机构捐款)
2. donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠;捐献(短语:donate sth. to sb. 把某物捐赠给某人)
3. raise /re z/ v. 筹集;提升(短语:raise money 筹款;raise funds 募集资金)
4. homeless / h ml s/ adj. 无家可归的(短语:homeless people 无家可归的人)
5. volunteer / v l n t (r)/ v. 自愿做 n. 志愿者(短语:volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事)
6. organize / ɡ na z/ v. 组织;筹备(短语:organize a charity event 组织一场慈善活动)
7. poor /p (r)/ adj. 贫穷的;可怜的(短语:poor areas 贫困地区)
8. sick /s k/ adj. 生病的;有病的(短语:sick children 生病的孩子)
9. provide /pr va d/ v. 提供;供应(短语:provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物)
10. support /s p t/ v.&n. 支持;资助(短语:support a charity 支持慈善事业)
11. collect /k lekt/ v. 收集;募集(短语:collect clothes 收集衣物;collect books 收集书籍)
12. need /ni d/ v. 需要 n. 需求(短语:in need 有需要的;meet one’s needs 满足某人的需求)
13. should / d/ modal v. 应该;应当(表建议、义务,语气委婉)
14. can /k n/ modal v. 可以;能够(表许可、能力,或提建议)
15. must /m st/ modal v. 必须;应当(表义务、必要性,语气强硬)
16. campaign /k m pe n/ n. 运动;活动(短语:charity campaign 慈善活动)
17. care /ke (r)/ v. 关心;照顾(短语:care for 照顾;关心)
18. offer / f (r)/ v. 提供;主动提出(短语:offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事)
19. hand /h nd/ n. 手(短语:give a helping hand 伸出援手)
20. area / e ri / n. 地区;区域(短语:rural areas 农村地区)
二、重点短语
1. donate to charity 向慈善机构捐款
2. raise money for... 为……筹款
3. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
4. homeless people 无家可归的人
5. sick children 生病的孩子
6. organize a charity show 组织慈善演出
7. collect clothes and books 收集衣物和书籍
8. provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
9. in need 有需要的
10. give a helping hand 伸出援手
11. care for the sick 照顾病人
12. charity campaign 慈善活动
13. poor areas 贫困地区
14. offer help 提供帮助
15. support a charity 支持慈善事业
16. take part in charity activities 参与慈善活动
17. meet people’s basic needs 满足人们的基本需求
18. hold a charity sale 举办慈善义卖
19. work as a volunteer 当志愿者
20. help the poor 帮助穷人
三、重点句型
1. —What charities do you know in our city
—I know the Red Cross. It helps people in need.
(—你知道我们城市有哪些慈善机构吗?—我知道红十字会。它帮助有需要的人。)
2. We should donate some money to help the homeless people.
(我们应该捐一些钱来帮助无家可归的人。)
3. Can we volunteer at the local hospital to care for sick children
(我们可以到当地医院当志愿者照顾生病的孩子吗?)
4. Our class will organize a charity show to raise money for poor students.
(我们班将组织一场慈善演出,为贫困学生筹款。)
5. It’s important to provide food and clothes for people in disaster areas.
(为灾区的人们提供食物和衣物是很重要的。)
6. How can we raise more funds for the charity campaign
(我们怎样才能为这场慈善活动募集更多资金?)
7. You must send the collected books to the rural school next week.
(你们下周必须把收集到的书送到乡村学校。)
8. Let’s give a helping hand to the sick children in the hospital.
(让我们向医院里生病的孩子伸出援手吧。)
9. —Would you like to take part in our charity sale
—Yes, I’d love to. I can bring some old toys to sell.
(—你愿意参加我们的慈善义卖吗?—是的,我愿意。我可以带一些旧玩具来卖。)
10. The charity provides free medical care for poor people in the mountains.
(这个慈善机构为山区的穷人提供免费医疗服务。)
四、重点词汇辨析
1. should & must & can
词汇 含义与用法 例句
should 情态动词,表“应该”,用于提出建议、表达义务,语气较委婉 We should care for the elderly in our community.(我们应该关心社区里的老人。)
must 情态动词,表“必须”,强调义务、必要性,语气强硬 We must finish collecting the clothes before this Friday.(我们必须在这周五前完成衣物收集。)
can 情态动词,表“可以、能够”,用于表达许可、能力,或提出建议 You can volunteer to help at the charity shop on weekends.(你可以周末到慈善商店帮忙。)
2. donate & raise
词汇 含义与用法 例句
donate 动词,指“捐赠”,直接把财物等给予需要的人或机构,搭配donate sth. to sb. She donates her old clothes to the homeless shelter every year.(她每年把旧衣服捐给收容所。)
raise 动词,指“筹集”,通过活动、号召等方式募集资金、物品等,搭配raise money/funds We will hold a bake sale to raise money for the sick boy.(我们将举办烘焙义卖为生病的男孩筹款。)
3. provide & offer
词汇 含义与用法 例句
provide 动词,强调“提供”所需的物品、服务,常用搭配provide sb. with sth. / provide sth. for sb. The school provides students with free textbooks.(学校为学生提供免费课本。)
offer 动词,强调“主动提供”,常用搭配offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth. He offered to drive the sick man to the hospital.(他主动提出开车送病人去医院。)
4. in need & poor
词汇 含义与用法 例句
in need 短语,指“有需要的”,侧重当前处于困境中需要帮助的状态,常作后置定语 We should help people in need after the earthquake.(地震后我们应该帮助有需要的人。)
poor 形容词,指“贫穷的”,侧重经济条件差,可作定语或表语 Many children in poor areas don’t have enough school supplies.(贫困地区的许多孩子没有足够的学习用品。)
五、重点语法
1. 情态动词表建议、义务与许可(should, must, can)
should:用于提出建议、表达合理义务,语气委婉,否定式shouldn’t表“不应该”
例:You shouldn’t waste food when many people are hungry.(当很多人挨饿时,你不应该浪费食物。)
must:强调必须履行的义务、必要性,否定式mustn’t表“禁止”
例:You mustn’t use the donated money for personal things.(你禁止把捐款用于个人用途。)
can:表达许可、能力,或提出非正式建议
例:We can collect old newspapers to sell for charity.(我们可以收集旧报纸卖钱做慈善。)
2. 动词不定式的用法(作宾语、目的状语)
作宾语:跟在want, decide, volunteer, offer等动词后,表想要、决定做的事情
例:I want to donate my pocket money to the children in poor areas.(我想把零花钱捐给贫困地区的孩子。)
作目的状语:表示做某事的目的,可置于句末或句首(用逗号隔开)
例:To raise more funds, we will hold a charity concert next month.(为了募集更多资金,我们下个月将举办一场慈善音乐会。)
3. 提建议的特殊疑问句与答语
常用疑问词:how(如何)、what(什么)
典型句式:
① How can we help the elderly in the nursing home (我们怎样才能帮助养老院的老人?)
—We can visit them and read newspapers to them.(我们可以去看望他们,给他们读报纸。)
② What activities should we organize for the charity (我们应该为慈善事业组织什么活动?)
—We should organize a book donation drive for rural schools.(我们应该为乡村学校组织一场捐书活动。)
六、写作指导(介绍慈善活动/呼吁参与慈善)
1. 写作结构
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 点明慈善的重要性,引出要介绍的慈善活动或呼吁的主题 Charities are like warm sunshine for people in trouble. Today I want to share our school’s upcoming charity sale.
主体 分点描述慈善活动的内容、方式,或说明帮助他人的具体方法,阐述其意义 First, we will collect clean old toys, books and crafts from students. Then, we will sell them at the school playground on Saturday. All the money will go to the local homeless shelter.
结尾 表达对慈善活动的看法,呼吁大家积极参与 Small acts of kindness can bring big hope. Let’s join the charity sale and spread love to those in need!
2. 范文示例
Our School Charity Sale
Charities are bridges connecting warm hearts with people in need. They turn small kindness into great hope. This month, our school will hold a charity sale to help the homeless people in our city.
First, we will collect items from all students. We can bring old storybooks, well-kept toys, hand-made cards and even homemade cookies. All items must be clean and usable. Then, the sale will start at 9 a.m. on Saturday at the school playground. We will set up colorful stalls and invite parents and neighbors to join us. Every cent we raise will be donated to the local homeless shelter. The shelter will use the money to buy food, warm coats and beds for the homeless.
I think this activity is very meaningful. It not only helps those in trouble but also teaches us to be responsible and caring. Let’s take part in the charity sale together. Your small contribution can make a big difference in someone’s life!

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