资源简介

Unit 8 A green world 单元知识点梳理
一、重点单词
1. pollute /p lu t/ v. 污染；弄脏（名词：pollution 污染；短语：pollute the air/water 污染空气/水）
2. recycle / ri sa kl/ v. 回收利用；再利用（名词：recycling 回收；短语：recycle paper 回收纸张）
3. reuse / ri ju z/ v. 重新使用；再利用（反义词：waste 浪费）
4. reduce /r dju s/ v. 减少；降低（短语：reduce waste 减少浪费）
5. waste /we st/ v.&n. 浪费；废弃物（短语：waste water 浪费水；a waste of time 浪费时间）
6. energy / en d i/ n. 能量；能源（短语：save energy 节约能源；renewable energy 可再生能源）
7. save /se v/ v. 节约；拯救（短语：save water 节约用水；save the earth 拯救地球）
8. protect /pr tekt/ v. 保护；保卫（短语：protect the environment 保护环境）
9. environment / n va r nm nt/ n. 环境（形容词：environmental 环境的）
10. plastic / pl st k/ n.&adj. 塑料（的）（短语：plastic bags 塑料袋）
11. glass /ɡlɑ s/ n. 玻璃；玻璃杯（短语：glass bottles 玻璃瓶）
12. paper / pe p (r)/ n. 纸；纸张（短语：recycle paper 回收纸张）
13. cloth /kl θ/ n. 布；织物（短语：cloth bags 布袋）
14. bin /b n/ n. 垃圾箱（短语：rubbish bin 垃圾桶；recycling bin 回收箱）
15. sort /s t/ v. 分类；整理（短语：sort waste 垃圾分类）
16. fresh /fre / adj. 新鲜的；清新的（短语：fresh air 新鲜空气）
17. harmful / hɑ mfl/ adj. 有害的（短语：be harmful to 对……有害）
18. develop /d vel p/ v. 发展；开发（名词：development 发展）
19. renewable /r nju bl/ adj. 可再生的（短语：renewable energy 可再生能源）
20. non-renewable / n nr nju bl/ adj. 不可再生的（短语：non-renewable resources 不可再生资源）
21. cut /k t/ v. 砍伐；切割（过去式/过去分词：cut；短语：cut down 砍伐）
22. throw /θr / v. 扔；投掷（过去式：threw；过去分词：thrown；短语：throw away 扔掉）
23. instead / n sted/ adv. 代替；反而（短语：instead of 代替）
24. public / p bl k/ adj. 公共的（短语：public transport 公共交通）
25. transport / tr nsp t/ n. 交通；运输（短语：public transport 公共交通）
26. necessary / nes s ri/ adj. 必要的；必需的（短语：it's necessary to do sth. 做某事是必要的）
27. electricity / lek tr s ti/ n. 电；电力（短语：save electricity 节约用电）
28. pour /p (r)/ v. 倾倒；倒出（短语：pour waste water 倾倒废水）
29. donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠；赠送（短语：donate old clothes 捐赠旧衣服）
30. wild /wa ld/ adj. 野生的（短语：wild animals 野生动物）
二、重点短语
1. reduce, reuse, recycle 减量化、再利用、资源化（环保3R原则）
2. save energy 节约能源
3. turn off the lights 关灯
4. cut down trees 砍伐树木
5. throw away 扔掉
6. sort waste 垃圾分类
7. protect the environment 保护环境
8. stop pollution 阻止污染
9. use public transport 使用公共交通
10. take reusable bags 自带可重复使用的袋子
11. save water 节约用水
12. be harmful to 对……有害
13. instead of 代替；而不是
14. recycle paper and glass 回收纸张和玻璃
15. reuse plastic bottles 重复使用塑料瓶
16. keep the air fresh 保持空气清新
17. develop renewable energy 开发可再生能源
18. avoid wasting food 避免浪费食物
19. clean up the park 打扫公园
20. plant more trees 种更多树
三、重点句型
1. —What can we do to protect the environment
—We can reuse plastic bottles to make flower pots.
（—我们能做什么来保护环境？—我们可以重复使用塑料瓶做花盆。）
2. Don't throw away old clothes. We can donate them to people in need.
（不要扔掉旧衣服。我们可以把它们送给需要的人。）
3. It's important to save every drop of water because fresh water is limited.
（节约每一滴水很重要，因为淡水是有限的。）
4. We shouldn't cut down too many trees. They help keep the air clean.
（我们不应该砍伐太多树木。它们有助于保持空气清洁。）
5. —Must we sort waste before throwing it away
—Yes, we must. It helps recycle useful things.
（—我们扔垃圾前必须分类吗？—是的，必须。这有助于回收有用的东西。）
6. Using public transport instead of driving cars can reduce air pollution.
（使用公共交通而不是开车可以减少空气污染。）
7. Please turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. It saves water.
（刷牙时请关掉水龙头。这样节约用水。）
8. How about planting more trees in our community
—Good idea. Trees can make our neighborhood greener.
（—在我们社区种更多树怎么样？—好主意。树能让我们的小区更绿意盎然。）
9. Plastic straws are harmful to ocean animals. We should stop using them.
（塑料吸管对海洋动物有害。我们应该停止使用它们。）
10. We have to stop factories from pouring waste water into rivers.
（我们必须阻止工厂把废水排入河流。）
四、重点词汇辨析
1. reduce, reuse & recycle
词汇 含义与用法 例句
reduce 强调“减少”数量或程度，如减少浪费、污染 We should reduce the use of disposable chopsticks to protect forests.
reuse 强调“重复使用”物品，不改变其原有形态 Don't throw away the glass bottle. We can reuse it to hold juice.
recycle 强调“回收再加工”，将物品转化为新的产品 We need to recycle plastic to make new toys or containers.
2. turn off, turn down & turn on
词汇 含义与用法 例句
turn off 关闭电器、水源等，停止运行 Please turn off the air conditioner when you leave the room.
turn down 调小（音量、温度等），不停止运行 Turn down the music. I'm trying to study.
turn on 打开电器、水源等，启动运行 Turn on the fan. It's too hot in here.
3. throw away & throw about
词汇 含义与用法 例句
throw away 意为“扔掉、丢弃”，强调废弃不用 Don't throw away these old textbooks. We can pass them to younger students.
throw about 意为“乱扔、乱丢”，强调随意丢弃的行为 It's impolite to throw about litter in the street.
4. save & protect
词汇 含义与用法 例句
save 强调“节约、拯救”，避免浪费或挽救生命/资源 We must save energy to slow down global warming.
protect 强调“保护”，使免受伤害或破坏 We need to protect wild animals from being hunted illegally.
五、重点语法
1. 情态动词should/shouldn't表环保建议
含义：should用于提出正面环保倡议，意为“应该”；shouldn't用于指出不当行为，意为“不应该”，语气委婉友好。
句式结构：
① 肯定句：主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他
例：We should walk to school on sunny days.
② 否定句：主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 + 其他
例：We shouldn't use plastic bags for shopping.
③ 一般疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？
例：Should we recycle all our paper Yes, we should.
2. 祈使句（环保场景中的命令与请求）
含义：用于表达环保相关的命令、请求、禁止，主语you常省略，适合倡议类表达。
句式结构：
① 肯定句：动词原形 + 其他
例：Plant more trees around the city.
② 否定句：Don't + 动词原形 + 其他
例：Don't pour waste oil into the drain.
③ 委婉式：Please + 动词原形 + 其他
例：Please sort your waste before putting it in the bin.
3. It's + 形容词 + to do sth.（表达环保行为的重要性）
含义：it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式，用于说明环保行为的必要性或重要性。
句式结构：It's + adj. + to do sth.
例：It's necessary to save every drop of water for future generations.
It's important to protect the earth's natural resources.
六、写作指导（环保倡议类短文）
1. 写作结构
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 点明环境现状，引出环保主题 The environment is facing serious problems like pollution and resource shortage. It's time for everyone to take action to go green. Today I want to share some easy ways to protect our planet.
主体 分点描述具体环保措施，说明每个措施的意义 First, we should use reusable products instead of disposable ones. This reduces waste a lot. Second, we must save energy in daily life, such as turning off lights when leaving rooms. Third, we can join in volunteer activities like cleaning up parks or planting trees.
结尾 呼吁大家共同行动，表达美好愿景 Protecting the environment is everyone's duty. Let's start with small things every day. If we all try our best, the world will become a greener and more beautiful home for us all.
2. 范文示例
How to Make Our World Greener
The earth is our only home, but now it's getting dirtier and warmer. It's our responsibility to protect it. Here are some simple ways we can follow to make the world greener.
First, we should say no to disposable products. For example, take cloth bags when shopping instead of plastic bags, and use metal straws instead of plastic ones. Disposable products take hundreds of years to break down and harm the environment a lot. Second, we must save energy and water. Turn off lights, TVs and computers when we don't use them, and turn off the tap while brushing teeth. These small actions can save a huge amount of resources. Third, we can recycle waste properly. Put paper, glass and plastic in recycling bins, and throw food waste in compost bins. Recycling helps us make good use of old things instead of throwing them away.
I believe even small actions can make a big difference. Let's start doing these things from today. If everyone contributes a little, our world will become a greener, healthier place to live in.

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