资源简介

(共26张PPT)
Making a Differece (Period 3)
Section A (Grammar Focus-4d)
Describe your last volunteer experience.
Last summer, I volunteered at a community centre to help children with reading. Twice a week, I read interesting stories with them and played simple word games. I helped shy kids practise reading aloud gently, and soon they became braver. Seeing their progress made me happy. This experience taught me patience and how small kindnesses can warm others.
army
primary
help out
charity
warmly
军队
小学教育的；首要的
分担工作；帮忙做
慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业
热情地；温暖地
1. be → ______
2. work → ______
3. meet → ______
4. help→ ______
5. train→ ______
Let’s recall past participles!
been
worked
met
trained
helped
How do we talk about an action that started in the past and continues now
4a
Read the sentences. How are for and since used differently
Have you been to our animal shelter before No, I haven’t. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time.
Has she ever done volunteer work Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.
4a
Read the sentences. How are for and since used differently
How long have you been a volunteer I have been a volunteer here for a few months.
How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started.
Read aloud
The teacher and students read together, marking the sentences containing for or since.
What can you find Discuss in your group.
What’s the difference between “for” and “since”
(e.g., for+ time period, since+ time point)
Can you make a sentence with “for”
(e.g., I have studied English for 3 years.)
Can you make a sentence with “since”
(e.g., I have lived here since 2020.)
Look at the table above and answer the following questions.
Fill in the blanks with for or since.
1．I have owned the toy bear ________ more than six years.
2．He has worked as a policeman ________ ten years.
3．They have worked here ________ June.
4．She has studied English ________ she was five.
5．We’ve known each other ________ we were primary school students.
for
for
for
since
since
现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完成用法”。此时常与for 或 since 引导的时间状语（从句）连用。
1. 现在完成时的含义
现在完成时（二）
2. 现在完成时的“未完成”用法
表示“未完成”的句式 示例
现在完成时+for+一段时间 We have known each other for twenty years.
我们认识有二十年了。
现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984.
自从1984年史密斯先生就在这里工作。
现在完成时+since+从句 I have lived here since I was born.
我从出生起就住在这儿。
现在完成时（二）
3．延续性动词与非延续性动词
（1）含义：
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生 持久影响。
非延续性动词也叫终止性动词、瞬间动词等，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后即刻停止。
现在完成时（二）
3．延续性动词与非延续性动词
（2）用法：
①常见的延续性动词有 learn、work、live、know、walk、watch、sleep、stay、wait、keep 等。
延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，如 how long、for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、since 引导的时间状语从句（一般过去时）、since+一段时间+ago 等。
现在完成时（二）
3．延续性动词与非延续性动词
（2）用法：
②常见的非延续性动词有 open、close、die、begin、come、go、borrow、lend、buy、move 等，表示某个动作的结果还存在，但不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。有些非延续性动词可以用延续性动词替换。
③在否定句中，非延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。
e.g. I haven’t heard from my friend for three weeks.
我已经有三个星期没有收到我朋友的来信了。
现在完成时（二）
（3）非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的方法：
①将非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”，这样才能和时间段连用：
begin/start →be on（开始） go there →be there （去那里）
come back →be back（回来） come here →be here （来这里）
open →be open（开业） close →be closed （关门）
die →be dead（死） marry →be married （结婚）
现在完成时（二）
3．延续性动词与非延续性动词
finish →be over （结束） go to bed →be in bed （上床睡觉）
leave →be away （离开） return →be back （回来）
get out →be out （出去） fall asleep →be asleep （入睡）
lose →be lost （丢失） fall ill →be ill （生病）
get/arrive/reach →be in/at （到达）
join/become →be in/be a member of （参加，加入）
现在完成时（二）
3．延续性动词与非延续性动词
（3）非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的方法：
②有的非延续性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词：
现在完成时（二）
3．延续性动词与非延续性动词
（3）非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的方法：
现在完成时（三）
典例
—Please look at these stamps. I ________ them for five years.
—Wow, they are fantastic!
A．have kept B．have bought C．borrowed D．kept
点拨
可用语法判断法解答本题。句意为“请看这些邮票。我保存了5年了。”“哇，它们太棒了！”“for+一段时间”常视为现在完成时的标志词，故排除C、D两项；keep 是延续性动词，buy 是短暂性动词，“保存了5年”是一个延续性的动作。因此，正确答案是A。
4b
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and for or since.
1. Linda likes serving in the army. She ________(be) a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping ________ five years.
2. I ________ (be) a member of the Red Cross for six years. I’ve made a lot of friends ________ I joined the organization.
has been
for
have been
since
4b
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and for or since.
3. Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer ________ two years now. ________ he started working there, he ________ (help) many students.
4. The organization ________ (train) over 6,000 elderly people ________ it began to offer classes in 2023.
for
has helped
Since
has trained
since
4c
I love being a volunteer! I ___________(work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. Since I started, I __________ (help) out at over ten different sports events. I __________(make) many new friends and I ________ even ________ (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I ___________(meet) two national football players from
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
have worked
have helped
have made
have
met
have met
4c
Argentina last month. They were at a stadium for a charity match. The stadium ________(be) so big that they ________(get) lost. I gave them directions and they ________ (smile) and ________ (thank) me warmly. Before they left, I ________(ask) them
to sign a football for me, and they ________(do)! They said they were happy to meet a fan from a different country!
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
was
got
smiled
thanked
asked
did
4d
Work in groups. Interview your groupmates using the questions below. Share the answers with the class.
How long have you ·known your best friend / that girl / ...
·had your favourite toy / bag / ...
·lived in this town / your neighbourhood / ...
Group work
Work in groups. One student acts as an interviewer to interview others and complete the chart. Then report.
Students Things How long
Tony favorite book for two years
basketball since he was 10 years old
Student 1
Student 2
现在完成时（三）
1．现在完成时的
“未完成”用法
2．延续性动词与
非延续性动词
①现在完成时+for+一段时间
②现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点
③现在完成时+since+从句
①含义
②用法
③非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的
方法：a．转化为“be+形容词或副词”
b．转换为意思相同的延续性动词
用下列延续性动词和非延续性动词造句。
begin/start →be on go there →be there
come back →be back come here →be here
open →be open close →be closed
die →be dead marry →be married
finish →be over go to bed →be in bed
leave →be away return →be back
get out →be out fall asleep →be asleep
lose →be lost fall ill →be ill
get/arrive/reach →be in/at join/become →be in/be a member of

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