资源简介

(共36张PPT)
（人教新版）八年级
下
Stay Healthy
Unit2
Section B 2a-2c
01
02
03
识别并理解后缀 -less、-ache 及 -self/-selves 的基本含义与构词规律。
区分易混词对：pain vs. ache，catch vs. take，injury vs. pain，hurt vs. suffer，sore vs. harmful。
Learning objectives
能在真实或模拟的健康与安全情境中，正确使用所学词汇描述身体不适、受伤过程及应对建议，并能在对话与写作中运用词缀构成新词。
04
能结合生活实际，运用所学词汇与构词知识，分析常见安全事故的原因，提出预防建议。
Warming-up
What problems they may have at school
health problems
accidents
What accidents they may have
fall down
cut the knee
hurt oneself
have a nosebleed
cut oneself
Warming-up
What health problems they may have
have a cold
have a fever
have a cough
have the flu
have a /the +疾病名称
What health problems they may have
have a sore throat
have a sore back
have a sore hand
have a sore +身体部位
What health problems they may have
have a
headache
have a
toothache
have a
stomachache
have a
backache
have a +部位+ache
What other problems they may have
get sunburned
hit sb on the head
feel sick
have problems breathing
back
tooth
stomach
head
backache
headache
stomachache
toothache
Can you tell what the suffix “ache”means
Look at the changes of the pictures and summarize the rules.
Pain
- ache: 名词后缀，表示身体部位的疼痛
名词+ache后缀
Lead-in
Can you write more words with the suffixes
-ache
pain
身体部位+ache
持续的、非瞬间的疼痛
head
stomach
tooth
back
ear
-ache (n) vs. sore (adj)
身体内部的、持续的隐痛
身体表面或局部因发炎、受伤、过度使用而产生的酸痛、疼痛
have a + n + ache
have a sore + 身体部位
feel sore
headache, stomachache
sore throat
sore eyes
sore muscles
headache
stomachache
toothache
backache
earache
Look at the changes of the pictures and summarize the rule of the suffix “less”.
colour
care
harm
pain
colourless
careless
harmless
painless
无色的
无害的
粗心的
无痛的
without
- less: 形容词后缀，没有……的
Presentation
Can you tell what the suffix “ache”means
Can you write more words with the suffixes
-less
without
n + -less → adj
单独的 -less 发音为 /l s/
hope
use
home
end
help
fear
-free与-less 的区别
-less 更强调“缺少某种特质”（可能是消极的）。
-free 更强调“免除不好的东西”（通常是积极的）。
careless 粗心的 - 贬义
carefree 无忧无虑的 - 褒义
sugarfree 不含糖分的
tasteless 没味道的
hopeless
useless
homeless
endless
helpless
fearless
反身代词
反身代词
数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己
itself 它自己
复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves
他（她、它）们自己
Look at the changes below. What dose the suffix “self / selves” means
self
selves
单数
复数
a person or a thing on their own.
Can you write more words with the suffixes
myself
yourself
ourselves
yourselves
himself
herself
itself
themselves
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
- self/
- selves
形代+-self/selves
宾格+-self/selves
固定搭配
help oneself to... 请自便，随便吃…
enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心
teach oneself... = learn... by oneself 自学…
by oneself = alone 独自地
单数+-self
复数+ -selves
-self / -selves -less -ache
. (without) . (pain) .
(a person or thing on their own)
colour ‘ care / harm ‘ pain ‘ back ‘ head ‘ stomach ‘ tooth ‘ my____ our ‘
your____ your ‘
it_____ them ‘
him ‘
her ‘
-less
-ache
-self/ -selves
less无色的
less
less无害的
less无痛的
ache
ache
ache
ache
self
self
self
self
self
selves
selves
selves
What do these word endings mean Complete the table with the correct endings.
2a
Complete the sentences with the correct words in brackets.
2b
1. The little boy fell off his chair and cried out in _________. (pain, ache)
2. If you don’t wear a mask, you might _________ the flu. (take, catch)
3. Be careful when you do sport. If you get a(n) ________, you’ll have to rest for some time. (injury, pain)
4. Tom’s ear ____________, so the doctor gave him some pills for it. (suffer, hurt)
5. Lifting those heavy boxes all morning made my arms really ____________. (harmful, sore)
Learn and differentiate the words below.
pain： 名词。指时间可长可短，但强调痛感强烈 ，用途广泛（精神上）。常与 in 搭配 (a pain in..., in pain)。
ache： 名词。通常指持续的、隐隐的钝痛。常与身体部位构成复合词 (headache, stomachache)。
pain
vs
ache
用 pain 或 ache 的适当形式填空。
I have a terrible ___________ in my back after sitting all day.
She felt a sharp ___________ in her ankle when she fell.
My son is in prison; the situation is causing me a lot of ___________.
Eating too much can give you a stomach___________.
After the marathon, every bone in my body was ___________.
The little boy cried in ___________ when he cut his finger.
Tooth___________ is the worst kind of ___________, I think.
ache
pain
pain
ache
aching
pain
ache
pain
catch + 疾病：感染、患上, 强调“被传染”或“着凉”的过程。
take + 药物/治疗：服药、采取治疗措施, 通常指口服。
catch
vs
take
“生病用 catch， 吃药用 take”
用 catch 或 take 的适当形式填空。
If you don't get enough sleep, you might easily ______ a cold.
The doctor said I need to ______ this medicine for a week.
She went out in the rain and ______ a bad cold yesterday.
Remember to ______ your temperature before you ______ the medicine.
My grandfather has to ______ pills for his heart every day.
Be careful! You'll ______ the flu if you stay with those sick people.
— I have a headache. — You should ______ some painkillers.
catch
take
caught
take
take
take
catch
take
Learn and differentiate the words below.
injury： 名词。指由事故、运动等造成的身体伤害、损伤（如骨折、扭伤）。
pain： 名词。指受伤或生病后产生的疼痛感觉。
injury
vs.
pain
逻辑关系： 先有 injury（受伤），然后才会感到 pain（疼痛）。
用 injury 或 pain 的适当形式填空。
He fell off his bike and suffered serious ______ to his arm.
I have a sharp ______ in my back after lifting that heavy box.
The driver escaped without ______ in the crash.
The sick boy was crying in ______ all night.
Wearing high heels for a long time can cause foot ______.
The footballer missed the game because of a leg ______.
It ______ me to see you so unhappy.
injury
pain
injury
pain
pain
injury
pains
Learn and differentiate the words below.
hurt： 动词（及物或不及物）。指伤害的结果、疼痛的感觉（常指短期的、具体的伤痛）。
suffer： 动词（不及物）。指受苦的过程、经历的苦难（常指长期的、持续的受苦）。
hurt
vs.
suffer
完成句子
他在事故中受了重伤，但幸运的是没有生命危险。
He was ______ ______ in the accident, but luckily his life was not in danger.
许多学生因为学习压力大而遭受失眠的痛苦。
Many students ______ ______ insomnia because of great study pressure.
如果你那样说，会伤害她的自尊心。
If you say that, you will ______ her ______.
这个地区的人们在战争中遭受了巨大苦难。
The people in this area _________ great ________ during the war.
badly hurt
suffer from
hurt
suffered
feeling
suffering
Learn and differentiate the words below.
sore： 形容词。指（肌肉、喉咙等）因过度使用、发炎或感染而酸痛的、疼痛的。
harmful： 形容词。指对健康或环境有害的。
sore
vs.
harmful
Complete the sentences.
I’ve had a stomach ______ all day. (pain / ache)
Don‘t stand in the rain, or you‘ll ______ a cold. (take / catch)
After the car accident, he had several serious ______. (injuries / pains)
My throat is really ______ because I cheered too loudly at the concert. (sore / harmful)
“What’s wrong ” “My leg ______. I think I need to see a doctor.” (hurts / suffers)
ache
catch
injuries
sore
hurts
Learn and differentiate the words below.
Check the answers.
2b
1. The little boy fell off his chair and cried out in _________. (pain, ache)
2. If you don’t wear a mask, you might _________ the flu. (take, catch)
3. Be careful when you do sport. If you get a(n) ________, you’ll have to rest for some time. (injury, pain)
4. Tom’s ear ____________, so the doctor gave him some pills for it. (suffer, hurt)
5. Lifting those heavy boxes all morning made my arms really ____________. (harmful, sore)
药丸；药片；讨厌的人
有害的
catch the flu 是固定搭配，意为 “患上流感”，强调 “感染” 这个动作。have the flu 则表示 “正患有流感”，侧重状态。
v.
Look at the picture and guess what happened
Kelly looked at her phone. She was late, and her exam was starting in 10 minutes! Suddenly, something hit her hard and ________ her to the ground.
“Are you all right ” the driver cried out. His face was
threw
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
2c
injury suffer X-ray avoid aid throw colour
n. 伤，损害
v. 遭受
n.X 光
v.避免
n&v 救助
v.投掷，抛扔
n. 颜色 v. 使...变色
十分钟之后
突然
重重地击中了她
把她撞倒在地
呼喊
________ with fear. But Kelly didn’t say anything. She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. “Don’t worry. I know first _________! I’ll call for help too!” the driver said.
At the hospital, the doctor checked Kelly’s arm carefully. An _________ showed that her right arm was broken. “You’re lucky that your _________ wasn’t worse,” said the doctor.
“You’re right,” Kelly said. “I’ll _________ looking at my phone while crossing the road next time.”
X-ray
injury
avoid
colourless
aid
吓得面无血色
休克
流血(bled)
寻求帮助
检查
avoid doing...避免做某事
当...时候
Read the text again and complete the tasks.
Kelly looked at her phone. She was late, and her exam was starting in 10 minutes! Suddenly, something hit her hard and threw her to the ground.
“Are you all right ” the driver cried out. His face was colourful with fear. But Kelly didn’t say anything. She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. “Don’t worry. I know first aid! I’ll call for help too!” the driver said.
At the hospital, the doctor checked Kelly’s arm carefully. An X-ray showed that her right arm was broken. “You’re lucky that your injury wasn’t worse,” said the doctor.
“You’re right,” Kelly said. “I’ll avoid looking at my phone while crossing the road next time.
What is the main lesson that Kelly learns from her experience
A. It is important to arrive on time for exams.
B. Drivers should always be careful and watch the road.
C. Looking at a phone while crossing the road can be very dangerous.
D. Having a first aid kit can save a person's life.
hit
v. (hit, hit) 碰撞；击；打 / n. 打；击；击中
hit sb. + 介词 + the + 身体部位 打某人某个部位
hit sb. in the face / eye ..., hit sb. on the head / back ...
hit sb. / sth. with sth. 用某物击/打某人/某物
give sb. / sth. a hit 打某人/某物一下
句子翻译（根据中文提示完成句子）
公共汽车撞到了桥上。幸运的是，无人受伤。
The bus _______ _______ _______. Luckily, no one was injured.
不要用它打我的头。真的很痛。
Don't _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ with it. It really hurts.
Rita跟她弟弟说对不起，因为她不小心打了他一下。
Rita said sorry to her brother because she _______ _______ _______ _______ by accident.
Language points
hit a / the bridge
hit me on the head
gave him a hit
cry out
大声呼喊；大声抱怨
cry for 吵着要；恳求；迫切需要
cry over 为……而哭泣，哀叹
cry for help 呼救；求救
cry oneself to sleep 一直哭到睡着
完成句子（用适当的介词填空）
The students are crying _______ help because they are trapped in the elevator.
It's no use crying _______ spilt milk.
When she heard the bad news, she cried herself _______ sleep.
for
over
to
with fear
害怕地；由于害怕
"with+名词"结构（或称介词短语）在句中作状语，主要表示伴随状态、原因、方式或条件。
完成句子。根据汉语意思完成填空。
He jumped with _____ when he heard the good news.
当他听到这个好消息时，他开心地跳了起来。
She looked at me with _______. 她吃惊地看着我。
"Get out!" he shouted with _______. “出去” 他生气的吼着。
The old man left with _______. 这个老人伤心地离开了。
The teacher nodded with __________. 老师满意地点点头。
joy
surprise
anger
sadness
satisfaction
suffer from
遭受……的折磨；患……病
suffer for 因……而受苦；因……受惩罚
suffer with 因……受苦（特指具体部位）
句子翻译（根据中文提示完成句子）
有时他还是在吃这些弱点的苦头。
Sometimes he still ________ ________ these weaknesses.
他的朋友患病好几年了。
His friend has ________ ________ illness for some years.
她正经受头疼之苦。
She was ________ ________ a headache.
老年人经常遭受关节僵硬的困扰。
The elderly often ________ ________ stiff joints.
suffers for
suffered from
suffering from
suffer from
痛苦中
受伤
感染流感
十分钟后
打某人某个部位
吓得血色全无
休克
寻求帮助
大声呼喊；大声抱怨
避免做某事
in pain
get an injury
catch the flu
in 10 minutes
hit sb. + 介词 + the + 身体部位
be colorless with fear
suffer from shock
call for help
cry out
avoid doing
Phrases summary
一、单词填空。
Exercise
She has a bad _________ and needs to rest in a dark room. (headache / pain)
You should wash your hands often to ________ getting sick. (avoid / catch)
He fell off his bike and got a serious ________ to his knee. (injury / hurt)
The cut on her finger ________ a lot when she touches water. (hurts / painful)
After carrying heavy boxes all day, his back felt ________. (sore / harmful)
headache
avoid
injury
hurts
sore
二、选词填空。
Emma was (1) _________ potatoes when suddenly the hot oil splashed. She (2) ________ her arm on the pan and got a red (3) _________. She also cut her finger and it (4) _________ a little. Her brother Tom came running. At first, he (5) ________, but he quickly calmed down. He remembered his first (6) _________ knowledge. He (7) _________ the wounds to see how serious they were. He knew that giving the wrong (8) _________ could be (9) _________. This experience was a (10) _________ to Emma, but she learned to be more careful.
frying
hit
burn
bled
panicked
aid
checked
pill
harmful
shock
fry hit burn bleed panic aid check pill harmful shock
Homework
基础作业：抄写并记忆本课10个核心词汇及例句，每个词造句1句。
进阶作业：以“一次小意外”为题，写一段60词左右的英文短文，需使用至少5个本课所学词汇。
拓展作业：设计一张“校园安全小贴士”英文海报，包含3条建议，并尝试使用带有 -less 或 -self/-selves 的词汇。

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