资源简介

(共35张PPT)
专题四
冠词
用法 示例
用于首次提到的可数名词单数前，表泛指 I have a new bike.我有一辆新自行车。
泛指同类人或事物或其中任何一个 A knife is a tool for cutting things.刀是一种用来切东西的工具。
考点
不定冠词 a/an
1.基本用法
用法 示例
表示数量“一”，相当于one I have a pen and two pencils in my pencil case.我的文具盒里有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。
用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一” I've already eaten two apples, but I want a third one.我已经吃了两个苹果，但还想再吃一个。
表示“每一”，相当于per The car runs 80 kilometres an hour.这辆车每小时行驶80千米。
2.a/an 的选择
选择用 a 还是 an，取决于其后的单词是以元音音素(不是元音字母)
开头还是以辅音音素开头。a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用在
以元音音素开头的单词前。
★注意：常考的易误用不定冠词的词
a usual way
a unit
an hour
an 8-year-old boy
an “F”
a university
an unusual name
a European country
an honest person
an MBA student
an X-ray
an umbrella
a useful tool
a one-way street
an honor
an “S”
an 11-floor apartment
3.固定搭配
a lot of 许多
a pair of 一双，一对
a kind of 一种
have a rest 休息一下
have a try 试一试
have a fever 发烧
have a good time 玩得开心
take a risk 冒险
a few/little 几个，有一些
a piece of 一张，一片
a number of 许多
have a look 看一看
have a cold 感冒
have a cough 咳嗽
have a hard time 处于困难时期
take a walk 散步
take a shower 洗澡
make a living 谋生
make a difference 有影响，起作用
in a hurry 匆忙地
all of a sudden 突然
at a loss 不知所措
take a bus 乘公交车
make a mistake 犯错误
in a word 总之
as a result 结果
for a while 一会儿
单项选择
B
B
C
1.(2025 绥 化 )There was ________ one-metre-tall robot welcoming
me when I went into the bank.
A.an
B.a
C.the
2.(2024 甘南)Tom Green is ________ European boy.
A.an
B.a
C.the
3.(2024 西藏)Zhan Tianyou is ________ engineer and he is called the
“Father of China's Railroad”.
A./
B.a
C.an
D.the
4.(2024 宿迁)I want to be ________ scientist like Qian Xuesen when
I grow up.
A
B
B
A.a
B.an
C.the
D./
5.(2024 齐齐哈尔)It's reported that it'll be rainy today.Remember to
take ________ umbrella with you, Cindy.
A.a
B.an
C.the
6.(2024 龙东地区)—Shenzhou-18 with three astronauts was sent up
on April 25th, 2024.It's such ________ exciting event.
—Yes.And the astronauts are our heroes.I want to be ________ useful
person like them.
A.a; an
B.an; a
C.a; the
用法 示例
上文提到过的人或物再次提到，表示特指 I bought a book yesterday.The book is about history.我昨天买了一本书。这本书是关于历史的。
用于表示说话双方都明确的人或物 Please open the door.请打开那扇门。
用于表示世界上独一无二的事物 the sun太阳　 the moon月亮 the earth地球
the sky天空
考点
定冠词 the
1.基本用法
用法 示例
用于形容词最高级、
序数词和 only 前 He is the tallest student in our class.他是我们班最
高的学生。
May is the fifth month of the year. 五月是一年中
的第五个月。
★注意：如果序数词前有物主代词，则不用 the，
如 his first book。
用于西方乐器名称前 She can play the piano.她会弹钢琴。
用于姓氏的复数形式
前，表示一家人或夫
妇二人 The Greens are watching TV.格林一家在看电视。
用法 示例
与某些形容词连用，表示一类人 We should help the poor and the old.我们应该帮助穷人和老人。
用于某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前
(江河湖海、山脉海峡、报刊杂志名称、国家和组织机构名
称) the Yellow River黄河　　　
the Pacific Ocean太平洋
the Great Wall长城　
the People's Daily《人民日报》
the United States美国　
the United Nations联合国
the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国
用法 示例
用于年代前，特指某一时期 Great changes happened in the 1990s in China.中国在 20 世纪 90 年代发生了巨大变化。
用于方位名词前 on the left/right of ...在……左边/右边
in the front of ...在……前面　　
in the middle of在……中间
in the north/south/east/west在北方/南方/东方/西方
用于“by＋the＋身体部位”结构，表示
“通过触碰某部位” I took him by the hand.我拉着他的手。
She seized him by the hair.她揪住他的头发。
2.固定搭配
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/下午/晚上
at the moment 此刻，现在
in the future 在将来
the next day 第二天
the same as ...和……一样
tell the truth 说实话
catch the train 赶火车
go to the cinema 去看电影
by the way 顺便说
in the end 最后
the day after tomorrow 后天
the other day 前几天
take the subway 乘地铁
do the dishes 洗餐具
answer the phone 接电话
listen to the radio 听收音机
on the way 在途中
on the one hand ...on the other hand ...一方面……另一方面……
用法 示例
用于复数名词或不可数名词前，表示泛指 I like dogs.(指“狗”这个物种，而不是特指某几只狗)
对比：The dogs next door are very noisy.(特指隔壁邻居家的狗)
We can't live without water and air.(指水和空气这两种物质)
对比：Could you please pass me the water on the table？(特指桌上那杯水)
考点
零冠词
1.基本用法
用法 示例
用于表示三餐的名词前 have/eat breakfast/lunch/dinner 吃早餐/午餐/晚餐
★注意：如果三餐前有形容词修饰，表示这是一顿什么样的饭，则需要加a/an。
We had a wonderful dinner last night.我们昨晚吃了一顿很棒的晚餐。
用于表示球类、棋类的名词前 play basketball/football/chess 打篮球/踢足球/下象棋
用于表示学科和语言的名词前 be good at Math擅长数学　
study English学习英语　
speak Chinese说中文
用法 示例
用于表示季节、月份、星期、部分节日的名词前 in spring/summer/autumn/winter在春天/夏天/秋天/ 冬天
in July在七月 on Monday在星期一　
on National Day在国庆节
★注意：中国的传统节日前通常加the，如the Spring Festival(春节)。
用于称呼语或头衔前 Good morning, teacher.老师早上好。
Father is cooking in the kitchen.爸爸正在厨房做饭。
用法 示例
用于“by＋交通工具”结构，表示出行方式 by bike/bus/train/plane/ship骑自行车/乘公交车/乘火车/乘飞机/乘轮船
当名词前已有其他限定词(如物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等)时 This is my book.这是我的书。
This desk is new, but that desk is old.这张桌子是新的，但是那张是旧的。
Tom's bag is on the chair.汤姆的包在椅子上。
2.固定搭配
at noon 中午
after school 放学后
at work 在上班
in prison 坐牢
on time 准时
lose weight 减肥
at night 夜晚
at first 起初
by hand 手工
on foot 步行
in time 及时
pay attention to 注意
at home 在家
at last 最后
in fact 事实上
on duty 值日
have fun 玩得开心
take part in 参加
take care of 照顾
day and night 日日夜夜
face to face 面对面
take pride in 为……骄傲
make sense 有意义
step by step 一步步地
go to school上学 go to sea出海 take place发生 at table吃饭
go to the school去学校 go to the sea
去海边 take the place代替 at the table
在桌子旁
in bed卧床，
睡觉 in class在上课 in front of在……外部的前面 in hospital住院
in the bed在床上 in the class
在教室里 in the front of
在……内部的前面 in the hospital
在医院里
3.有无冠词含义不同的短语和结构
★巧记：零冠词记忆口诀
交通方式 by 开头，bike、bus 不加冠；三餐四季年月周，泛指时
候不用 the；学校医院表功能，at、in 后面零冠词；球类棋类不加冠，
乐器前面要加 the；学科语言和复数，泛指都用零冠词。
Ⅰ.单项选择
A
C
1.(2025 天津)Mary usually rides ________ bike to school.Sometimes
she also goes by ________ bus.
A.a; 不填
B.不填; a
C.the; a
D.a; a
2.(2025 白 银 )Look at the photo of my family! ________ man in a
white T-shirt is my father.
A.A
B.An
C.The
D./
3.(2023 沈 阳 )The spirit of Lei Feng always encourages us to give
________ hand to others.
A
C
D
A.a
B.an
C.the
D.不填
4.(2023 益阳)—Shall we play ________ soccer this afternoon
—Sounds good, but I don't have ________ soccer.
A.the; a
B.a; the
C./; a
5.(2023 营 口 )China's panda Ya Ya finished ________ 30-day stay in
Shanghai after landing in China and then was sent to Beijing Zoo in
________ May.
A.a; a
B.a; the
C.the; a
D.a; /
6.(2023 绥化)Bob is my brother.He likes playing ________ basketball,
B
D
C
but he doesn't like playing ________ piano.
A.the; a
B./; the
C.an; the
7.Are you going to learn ________ second language in ________
third grade
A.the; a
B.a; a
C.the; the
D.a; the
8.We often have three meals ________day.And we usually
have________ breakfast at 8：00 every morning.
A.a; the
B.a; a
C.a; /
D./; the
9.—Would you like to come my party this afternoon
—I'd like to, but my mother is ill in _________ hospital.I will go to
________ hospital to see her.
D
B
A.不填; a
B.a; the
C.the; the
D.不填; the
10.The government thought of ________ useful way to help
________ poor.
A.an; a
B.a; the
C./; the
D.the; /
an
/
a
a
the
Ⅱ.用 a、an、the 或/填空
11.He can finish the work in ________ hour.
12.As we all know, playing ______ chess is usually _____ one-to-one
game.
13.It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining
brightly across ________ night sky.
14.The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed
________ operation on his knee.
the
an
the
the
15.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________ Pacific Ocean on
his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century.
【语法点针对训练】
语法选择
Last Sunday was a special day for me.I went to __1__ exhibition
about future technology.The event was held in the city center.One popular
section was about space, which featured a huge, detailed model of __2__
moon.Our guide for the tour was __3__ well-known scientist from a local
university.He said that gaining __4__ useful knowledge about AI is very
important for today's youth.He was a very kind man with a great sense of
humor, and all the students quickly grew to like __5__ scientist very much.
For me, __6__ most interesting part of the exhibition was the robot display.
The guide said it was __7__ honor for him to show young people his
team's work.We had originally planned to have __8__ lunch together in the
nearby cafeteria after the tour.Unfortunately, he had to leave in a hurry for
__9__ unexpected meeting.Later, while exploring on my own, I saw an
amazing robot that could skillfully play __10__ guitar.However, its
programmer said it was not designed to play __11__ football or any other
sport.This was actually __12__ second time I had been to such a high-tech
event.I truly believe that in the future, __13__ robots will change our world
in many ways.Before leaving, I bought an interesting book about AI.
Finally, I went home by __14__ subway, feeling very excited about what I
had seen.I am now reading __15__ book I bought and I find it very
inspiring.
B
A
C
A
C
B
D
D
A
C
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
)1.A.a
)2.A.the
)3.A.an
)4.A./
)5.A.a
)6.A.a
)7.A.the
)8.A.a
)9.A.an
)10.A./
B.an
B.a
B.the
B.a
B.an
B.the
B.a
B.an
B./
B.a
C.the
C.an
C.a
C.an
C.the
C.an
C./
C.the
C.a
C.the
D./
D./
D./
D.the
D./
D./
D.an
D./
D.the
D.an
D
B
(
(
(
(
(
)11.A.the
)12.A.a
)13.A.an
)14.A.the
)15.A.a
B.a
B.the
B.a
B.a
B.the
C.an
C.an
C.the
C.an
C./
D./
D./
D./
D./
D.an
D
B
D
【中考题型训练】
语法选择
(2024 广州)The sun was shining on the blue water.Ben and Sue were
building a sand castle with Dad on the beach.Suddenly, they heard __1__
loud noise coming from behind some rocks.The two kids __2__ climbed
onto the rocks and __3__ over.They were so surprised at __4__ they saw.
“Penguins(企鹅)! I've never seen penguins on a beach！” shouted
Ben.“Shhh! Be quiet __5__ you'll make them feel afraid.” Dad said in a
low voice.“Those are African Penguins.This beach is __6__ home.”
At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird walking __7__ the penguin
eggs near the rocks.He quickly drove it away.
“The seabird will eat the penguin eggs ， ” said Dad.“Come with
me.”
They walked along the beach __8__ they came to a small house with
a sign saying Penguin Care Centre.“This is where I work.These African
Penguins are in danger now.But luckily there are still __9__ of them left in
the world.My job is to take care of them.” Dad said.
“That's great！” said Ben.
“Yes.The number of the penguins was once much __10__, but it isn't
very big anymore.One reason is that the penguin eggs __11__ by seabirds
and other animals.__12__ is that the fishermen in this area catch too many
fish.Penguins __13__ find enough food for their babies.So the government
is taking action to stop people __14__ for a whole season every year.”
Dad explained.
“Now we are trying our best __15__ the penguin eggs.Do you want
to help me？” Dad asked.
“Yes！” Ben and Sue both replied.
A
D
C
A
B
C
C
D
B
B
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
)1.A.a
)2.A.care
)3.A.look
)4.A.what
)5.A.and
)6.A.they
)7.A.above
)8.A.if
)9.A.few
)10.A.big
B.an
B.caring
B.looking
B.that
B.or
B.them
B.off
B.when
B.a few
B.bigger
C.the
C.careful
C.looked
C.how
C.but
C.their
C.towards
C.unless
C.little
C.biggest
D./
D.carefully
D.to look
D.which
D.so
D.theirs
D.from
D.until
D.a little
D.the biggest
D
A
C
D
B
(
(
(
(
(
)11.A.eat
)12.A.Another
)13.A.mustn't
)14.A.fish
)15.A.protect
B.ate
B.Other
B.needn't
B.fished
B.to protect
C.are eating
C.Others
C.can't
C.to fish
C.protecting
D.are eaten
D.The others
D.shouldn't
D.fishing
D.protected

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