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(共146张PPT)
专题二
动词
考点
动词的分类
动词通常位于主语之后，充当谓语或谓语的组成部分，用来描述
主语的动作、行为或状态。按照句法功能，动词可分为实义动词、系
动词、助动词和情态动词。
类型 用法 示例
按句法功
能分类 及物动词 后面必须接宾语 eat, love, buy, allow, bring, enjoy等
不及物动词 本身意义完整，不需要接宾语
(如果要接宾语，后面必须加介词) smile, run, arrive, agree等
1.实义动词
(1)分类
类型 用法 示例
按动作状
态分类 延续性动词 表示可以持续的动作或状态 study, live, work, sleep, keep等
非延续性
动词 表示瞬间发生、立刻结束的动作，无法持续 begin, buy, come, leave, die等
情况 构成 示例
一般情况 加-s work→works　　　　
play→①________　　
like→likes
help→helps　
read→reads　
look→looks
(2)形式变化
实义动词有五种形式：原形、第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词
和现在分词。
①第三人称单数变化规则
plays
情况 构成 示例
以 s、 x、 sh、
ch、 o结尾 加 es pass→passes　　　　
fix→fixes 　　　　 　
watch→watches
teach→teaches　
finish→②________　
go→goes
finishes
情况 构成 示例
以辅音字母＋y结尾 变y为i，再加 es apply→③________　
study→studies　　 　
carry→carries
try→tries　
fly→flies 　
worry→worries
applies
情况 构成 示例
一般情况 加 ed ask→asked→asked 　　　　 　clean→cleaned→cleaned
finish→finished→finished　 watch→watched→watched
以不发音的 e
结尾 加 d agree→agreed→agreed　　　 　dance→danced→danced
decide→④________→________ like→liked→liked
②过去式、过去分词变化规则
decided
decided
情况 构成 示例
以辅音字母＋y结尾 变y为i，再加 ed cry→cried→cried　　　study→studied→studied
try→tried→tried　
worry→⑤________→________
以重读闭音节或r音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾辅音字母后加 ed plan→planned→planned　　occur→occurred→occurred
stop→⑥________→_________ permit→permitted→permitted
★说明：部分实义动词的过去式、过去分词形式并不遵循变化规
则，详见附录“常见不规则动词变化表”。
worried
worried
stopped
stopped
情况 构成 示例
一般情况 加-ing cover→covering
work→working
think→thinking
以不发音的 e 结尾 去 e 加-ing ache→aching
use→using
continue→⑦_________
③现在分词变化规则
continuing
情况 构成 示例
少数以 ie结尾 变ie为y，再加 ing die→dying　　　　tie→tying　　　　 lie→⑧________
以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾辅音字母后加 ing admit→admitting begin→beginning prefer→⑨_________
lying
preferring
类型 示例
状态系动词 be动词(am/is/are/was/were)
感官系动词 look(看起来)、sound(听起来)、smell(闻起来)、taste (尝起来)、feel(摸起来，感觉)
★注意：这些词的表语只能是形容词。
2.系动词
系动词本身有一定词义，但不完整，不能单独作谓语，用于连接
主语和表语，说明主语的身份、状态、性质、特征等。
类型 示例
变化系动词 become(变成，成为)、get(指天气、情绪、身体状况变化)、turn(指颜色、性质的变化)、go(常表示朝坏的方面变)、grow(逐渐变得)
持续系动词 keep/stay/remain(保持)
表象系动词 seem/appear(似乎，好像)
助动词 用法 示例
be
(am/is/are/ was/were) 帮助构成否定句：am/is/ are/was/were not... He is not happy.
帮助构成疑问句：Am/Is/ Are/Was/Were＋主语...？ Are you busy now？
帮助构成进行时态：am/ is/are/was/were＋doing We were having a meeting at that time.
帮助构成被动语态：am/ is/are/was/were＋done English is spoken all over the world.
3.助动词
助动词本身无词义，用于“帮助”实义动词或系表结构构成谓语的
各种语法形式，体现时态、语态、人称和数，或构成否定句、疑问句等。
助动词 用法 示例
do/does/did 帮助构成否定句：do/ does/did not＋v. I don't know his name.
帮助构成疑问句：Do/ Does/Did＋主语＋v.？ Did you finish your homework？
will/shall 帮助构成一般将来时：will/shall＋v. There will be a show at 2：00 pm.
have/has 帮助构成现在完成时：have/has＋done He has lived here for ten years.
Ⅰ.单项选择
A
B
1.(2024 广西)—What do you think of the chicken soup, Helen
—It ________ really good.I'd like to drink more.
A.tastes
B.feels
C.sounds
2.The blue scarf ________ belong to her.Hers is red.
A.didn't
B.doesn't
C.isn't
Ⅱ.根据首字母提示完成句子
3.(2023 德 阳 )Li Dong often d__________ math problems with his
classmates.
4.Last weekend, Bill s________ a good time with his grandparents in
the mountains.
iscusses
pent
rushes
efused
5.(2024 德 阳 )Lin Tao b__________ his teeth and then has breakfast
before going to school.
6.(2023 遂宁)I r__________ Wilson's invitation to the party because I
had to study for a test.
opes
riting
7.(2025 德 阳 )My brother wants to be an astronaut.He h________ to
visit a space station one day.
8.Now all the students are w_______ down their resolutions and plans
for the coming year in class.
Ⅲ.按要求完成句子
9.(2024 牡丹江)Bob set out on his new journey this morning.(改为一
般疑问句)
________ Bob ________ out on his new journey this morning
10.(2023 白银)Cindy went to Shanghai last weekend.(改为否定句)
Cindy ________ ________ to Shanghai last weekend.
Did
set
didn't
go
情态动词 用法 示例
can/could 表示能力，意为“能，会”
(can 表示现在，could 表示
过去) A fish can swim, but it can't fly. 鱼
会游泳，但不会飞。
I could read when I was three. 我 3
岁时就会读书。
4.情态动词
情态动词是表达“情感和态度”的助动词，表示说话者对某事的
可行性、可能性、确定性的判断，或是对某人能力、意愿、责任给出
的看法或态度，不能单独作谓语，与动词原形一起构成谓语，也没有
人称和数的变化。
(1)常见情态动词的基本用法
情态动词 用法 示例
can/could 表示请求或许可，意为
“可以”(could 语气更委
婉，回答用 can 或 can't) —Could I use your pen 我可以用
一下你的钢笔吗？
—Yes, you can.是的，你可以。
You can borrow two books at a time
from the library.
你可以从图书馆一次借两本书。
情态动词 用法 示例
may/might 表示请求或许可，意为
“可以”( 疑问句的肯定
回答用 can ，强烈禁止用
mustn't ， 委 婉 拒 绝 用
can't/had better not) You may take the book home. 你可
以把这本书带回家去。
—May I use your computer ？我可
以用一下你的电脑吗？
—Yes, you can.是的，你可以。
—No, you mustn't/can't/had
better not.不，你不能/最好不要。
情态动词 用法 示例
will/would 表示说话人的意愿(will 表
示现在，would 表示过去) I will do my best to help you. 我会
尽力帮你的。
表示请求或建议( 多用于
第二人称的疑问句，would
语气更加委婉) Would you please open the door ？
麻烦你开一下门好吗？
shall 用于第一人称，表示征求
意见 Shall we meet in the evening ？ 咱
们晚上见好吗？
情态动词 用法 示例
should 表示建议或责任，意为 “应该” You look tired.You should go to bed early.你看起来很累，应该早点睡。
We should respect our teachers.我们应该尊敬老师。
must 强调主观意愿，表示命令、要求、决心，意为“必须”，语气强烈 You must finish the report today.你今天必须完成报告。
The exam is coming.I must work harder.考试要来了，我必须更努力。
情态动词 用法 示例
must 用于一般疑问句时，肯定
回答用 must，否定回答用
needn't 或 don't have to —Must I hand in homework
today？我今天必须交作业吗？
—Yes, you must.是的，必须。
—No, you needn't/don't have to.
不，你不必。
否定形式为 mustn't，意为
“不准，禁止” You mustn't play with fire.It's
dangerous.你绝不能玩火。这很危险。
情态动词 用法 示例
have to 强调客观情况所迫，意为“不得不”(有人称和时态的变化)；其否定形式表示“不必，没必
要” My bike is broken, so I have to walk to school.我的自行车坏了，所以我不得不走路上学。
You don't have to come so early.The meeting is at 10.你不必来这么早，会议十点才开始。
情态动词 用法 示例
need 意为“需要”，主要用
于否定句和疑问句(肯定
回答用 must，否定回答
用 needn't 或 don't have
to) You needn't worry about me. 你不必
担心我。
—Need I come tomorrow？我明天需
要来吗？
—Yes, you must.是的，必须。
—No, you needn't/don't have to.不，
你不必。
情态动词 用法 示例
had better 意为“最好” You'd better put on your coat.It's cold
outside.你最好穿上外套，外面很冷。
You'd better not be late again.你最好
别再迟到了。
★辨析：can vs.be able to
can 只表示现在或过去(could)的能力；be able to 可以用于各种时
态，强调“经过努力最终能够做成某事”。
I'm sorry I was busy yesterday, but I will be able to help you
tomorrow.对不起我昨天很忙，但我明天将能够帮你。
情态动词 用法 示例
must 表示有把握的肯定
推测，意为“一定，
必然”( 表示否定推
测用 can't) The light in his room is still on.He must
be still studying.
灯还亮着。他一定还在学习。
The man can't be Mr.Green.Mr.Green
is much taller.
这个人不可能是格林先生。格林先生
高得多。
(2)情态动词表推测
情态动词 用法 示例
can/could 多用于疑问句和否
定句，表示把握较大
的推测(could 表示的
可能性比 can 小) —Can the news be true 消息会是真
的吗？
—No, it can't be true.不，这不可能是
真的。
情态动词 用法 示例
may/might 表示把握不大的推
测，一般不用于疑问
句(might 表示的可能
性比 may 小) One may live a hundred years. 人 可 能
会活到 100 岁。
He may be in the library, but I'm not
sure.他可能在图书馆，但我不确定。
She said she might be late.她说她可能
会迟到。
单项选择
A
A
1.(2025 无锡)Hey, Julie.I've had a problem recently._______ you help
me
A.Can
B.Must
C.Should
D.May
2.(2025 南通)—Lily, how is Daniel's plan for our class trip going on
—I'm not sure.It ________ be completed.I saw him working on it this
morning.
A.may not
B.shouldn't
C.can't
D.mustn't
3.(2025 遂宁)—I have no time to buy things in the supermarket.
—Don't worry.You can shop online instead.That way, you ________
waste a lot of time going from shop to shop.
A.needn't
B.mustn't
C.can't
D.shouldn't
4.(2025 白 银 )________ you turn down the TV, please I'm trying to
work.
A
A
A
A.Could
B.Must
C.Might
D.Should
5.(2025 绥 化 )He ________ know the secret.I haven't told anyone
about it.
A.can't
B.needn't
C.mustn't
6.(2024 攀枝花)—________ we make a meal for our grandparents on
Double Ninth Festival
—Good idea.Let's do it right now.
A.Must
B.Will
C.Could
D.Shall
7.(2024 乐山)—________ I have your family name
D
C
—Of course.It's Smith.
A.May
B.Must
C.Need
8.(2024 哈尔滨)—In order to keep healthy, we _____ have breakfast.
—You're right.Breakfast is very important for our health.
A.mustn't
B.can't
C.must
A
考点
动词(短语)词义辨析
动词(短语)词义辨析主要在完形填空题型中进行考查，主要考查动
词(短语)在语境中的词义辨析，要求考生能通过对上下文的理解，选择
合适的词汇。同时，动词也是语篇填词题型的重要考点，要求考生根
据语境和首字母提示写出完整的单词。
先练基础——单句训练
单项选择
B
C
1.(2025 乐山)Could you please ________ it again I didn't quite catch
that.
A.talk
B.say
C.tell
2.(2025 武汉)—Who is________ the way in the race
—Xiaoming.He runs the fastest in our class.
A.watching
B.planning
C.leading
D.showing
3.(2025 南通)We'd better ________ to save water to live a green life.
A.watch less TV
C.recycle old clothes
B.take shorter showers
D.choose public transport
4.(2025 武汉)—Why do you often wear white clothes in summer
—Clothes of this color ________ the heat, so I don't feel that hot.
A.spread
B.reflect
C.increase
D.bring
5.(2025 常州)To have more classrooms, we're ______ a new teaching
B
B
A
building.
A.putting up
C.putting in
B.putting out
D.putting down
6.(2025 长 春 )We often hear “Mind your step.” when we ________ a
high-speed train.
C
B
B
A.put off
B.turn off
C.get off
D.cut off
7.(2025 无锡)And I ________ you should try the color therapy.Colors
have amazing power.
A.support
B.suggest
C.imagine
D.introduce
8.(2025 江西)Mozart ________ many pieces of beautiful music.That's
why he is so famous.
A.enjoyed
B.created
C.bought
D.heard
9.(2025 安 徽 )Paper-cutting is not easy to learn.It ________ much
practice, patience and imagination.
A.explains
B.supports
C.provides
D.requires
10.(2025 天 津 )When David sees these postcards, he will ________
his wonderful travel experiences.
A.remember
B.borrow
C.hate
D.trust
11.(2025 徐州)Come on, Alice.Don't be so hard on yourself.Everyone
makes mistakes.We have to ________ ourselves sometimes and keep a
sense of humour!
D
A
A
A.believe in
B.look after
C.depend on
D.laugh at
12.(2025 宿 迁 )In yesterday's maths lesson, our group ________ the
B
problem after a discussion.
A.cut out
C.put out
B.worked out
D.handed out
13.(2025 天 津 )The Whites like taking exercise, so they ________
every morning.
A.make a list
C.make a mistake
B.lay the table
D.go for a walk
D
14.(2024 南京)We might send nanobots (tiny robots) to different parts
of the body to help doctors ________ illnesses better.
C
C
A.afford
B.offer
C.treat
D.develop
15.(2024 甘南)—Grace ________ first prize in the art competition.
—Yes, she ________ all the other competitors.
A.won; won
B.beat; won
C.won; beat
再提能力——小语篇训练(完形填空)
Last Saturday, students from Green School decided to make their local
park a better place.
The park had been ignored, and trash was everywhere.They knew
they had to __16__ the problem of pollution seriously.They started early in
the morning.First, they __17__ all the plastic bottles and bags they could
find on the grass.It was hard work, but they didn't __18__ even when they
felt tired.By noon, they had collected over twenty bags of rubbish.
Suddenly, an old man came over.He wanted to __19__ their hard work by
giving them some cold drinks.The students felt very happy and thanked
him.Before they left, they __20__ a sign that said, “Please Keep Our Park
Clean.”
(
)16.A.depend on
B.agree with
C.deal with
D.hear from
(
)17.A.picked out
B.picked up
C.looked for
D.put on
(
(
(
)18.A.cheer up
)19.A.reward
)20.A.set up
B.clean up
B.forget
B.took up
C.show up
C.refuse
C.made up
D.give up
D.protect
D.put up
C
B
D
A
D
用法 示例
表示经常性、习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态 I get up at 6：00 every morning.我每天早上六点起床。
She always ①________(take) a walk in the evening.她常在晚间散步。
考点
时态
1.一般现在时
(1)构成：动词原形(do/does)或 be 动词(am/is/are)＋表语
(2)基本用法
takes
用法 示例
表示主语现在的身份、特征、
状态、能力、性格等 We are very busy.我们很忙。
This job calls for patience. 这份工作需要
耐心。
表示客观事实、普遍真理或
格言 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声传
播得快。
Time and tide wait for no man.时不我待。
★时态标志词：常与一般现在时连用的时间状语有：
①频度副词：never 从不、seldom 很少、sometimes 有时、often 经
常、usually 通常、always 总是；
②其他时间状语：once in a while 偶尔、once a week 一周一次、
twice a month 每月两次、from time to time 时不时、at weekends 在周末、
every day/week/month/year 每天/周/月/年等。
用法 示例
用于时间状语从句和条件状语从句，代替一般将来时(主将从现) I will call you as soon as I ②________(get) home.
我一到家就给你打电话。
按时间表、计划或安排将要发生的动作(一般不会轻易改变) The train ③________(arrive) at 10：30.火车十点半到达。
(3)特殊用法：一般现在时表将来
get
arrives
★注意：常用一般现在时表将来的动词有 come、go、arrive、leave、
begin、start、return 等。
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2025 北 京 )Charlie ________ his grandparents every weekend.He
A
loves them very much.
A.visits
C.will visit
B.was visiting
D.has visited
2.(2025 宿 迁 )Now the students in primary and junior high schools
________ a 15-minute break between classes.
A.had
C.have
B.will have
D.would have
C
3.(2024 绥 化 )He ________ much healthier if he ________ enough
exercise in his free time.
B
B
C
A
A.is; take
B.will be; takes
C.will be; take
4.(2023 绥化)She said that the earth ________ around the sun.
A.traveled
B.travels
C.travel
5.Helen encouraged me to speak English as much as possible because
practice ________ perfect.
A.make
B.will make
C.makes
6.—According to the timetable, the train ________ at 8：27.
—Don't worry.We can make it.
A.leaves
B.is leaving
C.is going to leave
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
goes
out
7.(2025 天津)马丁在假期经常外出放松自己。
Martin often ________ ________ to relax himself during holidays.
8.(2024 通辽)千里之行，始于足下。
begins
with
A thousand-mile journey ________ ________ the first step.
9.我奶奶经常在晚饭后去公园散步。
My grandma often ________ ________ ________ in the park after
dinner.
takes
a
walk
offers
to
10.他总是给有需要的人提供帮助，大家都很喜欢他。
He always ________ help ________ people in need and everyone
likes him very much.
用法 示例
表示过去某一时间发生的动
作或存在的状态 I saw him in the library yesterday.我昨天在
图书馆看到他了。
表示过去一段时间内经常、反
复发生的动作或存在的状态
(常与频度副词连用，也可以
用“used to ＋动词原形”来
表示) When I was a child, I often played football
in the street.当我小的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。
My grandpa used to ④________(live) in the
Countryside.我爷爷过去住在乡下。
2.一般过去时
(1)构成：过去式(did)或 be 动词(was/were)＋表语
(2)基本用法
live
★时态标志词：常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：
①具体时间词：yesterday 昨天、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening
昨天早上/下午/晚上、once 曾经等；
②其他时间状语：last night/year 昨晚/去年、a few days ago 几天前、
the other day 几天前、at that time 当时、at that moment 在那一刻、just
now刚刚、in 2005 在 2005 年、in the old days 在过去的岁月里等。
Ⅰ.单项选择
C
A
1.(2025 北京)—Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after
school yesterday
—No, I didn't.We ________ vegetables in our school garden.
A.water
C.watered
B.have watered
D.are going to water
2.(2025 绥 化 )On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked
delicious zongzi and ________ them on the plate.
A.laid
B.lay
C.lain
3.(2024 西藏)He _______ have breakfast because he woke up late this
morning.
D
D
A
A.does
B.did
C.doesn't
D.didn't
4.(2024 呼 和 浩 特 )In China, hotpot has a history of over 1，000
years.It first ________ in the Mongolia area, and then became popular in
the southern part of China.
A.has appeared
B.appears
C.will appear
D.appeared
5.John ________ his grandma every day when she was in hospital.
A.visited
B.was visiting
C.visits
D.is visiting
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
picked
tea
leaves
6.(2025 陕西)我在那儿采摘了茶叶，也品尝了当地的很多美食。
I ________ ________ ________ there and enjoyed lots of local food.
7.(2025 天津)木兰女扮男装，替父从军。
Mulan dressed up like a boy and __________ her father's __________
to fight in the army.
8.(2024 达州)哈里打开电脑查看电子邮件。
Harry __________ __________ his computer and checked his email.
took
place
turned
on
构成 用法 示例
will/shall＋动词原形
(shall 用 于 第 一 人
称，will 可用于各种
人称) 主观预测将要发生的
动作或存在的状态
(常与 I think/believe/
hope 等连用) I think it ⑤_________(rain)
tomorrow.
我认为明天会下雨。
表示临时决定的动作 —The phone is ringing.电话
响了。
—OK, I'll get it.好的，我去
接。
3.一般将来时
will rain
构成 用法 示例
be going to ＋动词原
形 表示事先计划、打算
要做的动作( 主观色
彩强) I am going to buy a car next
month.
我下个月打算买一部车。
现有证据、客观迹象
表明很可能要发生的
事 Look at the dark clouds.It's
going to rain.看那些乌云，
要下雨了。
★时态标志词：常与一般将来时连用的词语有 tomorrow、soon、
in five days、in the future、next week/month/year 等。
Ⅰ.单项选择
C
D
D
1.(2025 淮安)—What will you do tomorrow
—I ________ the museum to learn about the local history.
A.visit
B.visited
C.will visit
D.are visiting
2.(2025 徐 州)Oh, you are growing so fast, Paul! Soon you ________
taller than your dad.
A.are
B.were
C.have been
D.will be
3.(2024 天津)—Jane and I ________ a picnic this Sunday.Would you
like to come with us
—Sure.See you then.
A.had
B.have had
C.were having
D.are going to have
4.(2023 绥化)I don't know if it _______ sunny tomorrow.If it _______
sunny, I will go fishing.
A
A
A.will be; is
B.is; will be
C.will be; is going to be
5.—Hurry up! The plane ________ in one and a half hours.
—Don't worry.I will drive you to the airport immediately.
A.will take off
B.takes off
C.took off
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
6.(2023 黄石)如果你不抓紧赶上大家，你就会落在我们后面。
If you don't catch up, you ________ ________ ________ us.
7.相信我，这次考试我不会让你们失望。
Believe in me, and I ________ ________ ________ ________ in the
test.
will
fall
behind
won't
let
you
down
用法 示例
表示说话时正在进行的动
作或存在的状态 Listen! Someone is crying in the next room.
听！隔壁有人在哭。
表示现阶段或当前一段时
间内正在进行的动作或存
在的状态，但说话时动作不
一定在进行 We ⑥____________(study) Chinese history
this term.我们这学期在学中国历史。
4.现在进行时
(1)构成：助动词 am/is/are＋现在分词 doing
(2)基本用法
are studying
★时态标志词：常与现在进行时连用的词语有 now、right now、
at present、at the moment、these days、look、listen 等。
★注意：有些动词(短语)通常不用于进行时态，主要有：
①感官动词：see、hear、feel、smell、sound、taste、notice 等；
②表示情感、想法的动词：love、like、hate、understand、believe、
think、mind、agree 等；
③表示状态的动词(短语)：have、want、own、possess、seem、
belong to 等；
④非延续性动词：accept、allow、decide、give、receive、promise
等。
用法 示例
与 always、constantly、forever 等
副词连用，表示感彩 He is forever complaining. 他总是抱
怨。(不满)
Maria is always thinking of others. 玛
丽亚总为别人着想。(赞美)
一些非延续性动词(come 、go 、
leave、arrive、die、start、stop 等)
可以用进行时态表示按照计划动
作即将发生 Hurry up! The train is arriving soon.
快点儿！火车很快就要到了。
When are we leaving for Beijing ？我
们什么时候动身去北京？
(3)特殊用法
用法 示例
begin、start、become、grow、get、
lose 等词的进行时态可以表示从
一种状态逐渐变化到另一种状态 It is getting warmer and warmer. 天
气变得越来越暖和了。
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2025 江西)It ________ heavily.We are going to get all wet walking
outside.
A
C
A.is raining
B.rains
C.rained
D.was raining
2.(2025 连 云 港 )As people pay more and more attention to cultural
treasures, the industry of ancient book repairing _________ fast in China
now.
A.developed
C.is developing
B.was developing
D.will develop
3.(2024 阿坝、甘孜)Look at the children.They ________ kites in the
park now.
C
A.flew
B.flies
C.are flying
D.will fly
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
4.(2024 贵州)越来越多的人正在使用 AI 来帮助他们工作。
More and more people ________ ________ AI to help them with their
work.
are
using
is
blowing
5.(2023 恩施)外面正在刮大风，你最好待在家里。
The wind ________ ________ strongly outside, so you'd better stay at
home.
用法 示例
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时
间内正在发生的动作或存在的
状态 What were you doing at 9 o'clock last
night？昨晚九点你在干什么？
It was raining heavily yesterday evening.
昨晚雨下得很大。
5.过去进行时
(1)构成：助动词 was/were＋现在分词 doing
(2)基本用法
用法 示例
用于含when或while引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，或两个动作同时进行 I was watching TV when the phone rang.
我正在看电视，这时电话突然响了。
My mother ⑦___________(cook) while my father was watching TV.
当妈妈在做饭的时候，爸爸在看电视。
★时态标志词：常与过去进行时连用的时间状语有 then、at that
time、at 9：00 yesterday、the whole morning、this time yesterday、last
night 以及 when/while 引导的时间状语从句等。
was cooking
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2025 北京)Mary _____ a picture when her dad got home yesterday
B
D
evening.
A.draws
C.is drawing
B.was drawing
D.will draw
2.(2025 常州)Suzy ________ her bedroom at this time yesterday, so
she didn't go shopping.
A.tidies
C.is tidying
B.tidied
D.was tidying
3.(2024 攀枝花)I'm sorry I didn't answer your call just now.Because I
________ knowledge from the astronauts in Tiangong Classroom.
A.learnt
B.am learning
C.has learnt
D.was learning
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
4.(2024 通辽)他问我，当他进来时我是否正在读小说《汤姆·索亚
历险记》。
D
was
reading
He asked me if I ________ ________ the novel The Adventures of
Tom Sawyer when he came in.
was
dying
down
5.(2023 甘南改编)当他醒来时，风正在逐渐减弱。(die down)
The wind _________ _________ _________ when he woke up.
用法 示例
表示从过去某时开始的动作或状态持续到现在并有可能持续下去(常与“for＋时间段”或“since＋过去时间点”连用，且谓语动词必须是延续性动词) I have lived here for five years.我在这里住了五年了。
She ⑧________(be) a teacher since she graduated.
她毕业以来就一直当老师。
6.现在完成时
(1)构成：have/has＋过去分词(done)
(2)基本用法
has been
用法 示例
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响 I have lost my key.我把钥匙弄丢了。
(现在进不了门)
He ⑨________(go) to Shanghai.他去上海了。(现在不在这里)
★时态标志词：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有 already、yet、
ever、before、lately、recently、up to now、so far、since＋过去的时间
点/从句、for＋时间段、during/in the past/last＋时间段等。
has gone
短语 意义及用法 示例
have gone to 去了某地(现在人还在那里没有回来) My father has gone to Beijing.我爸爸去北京了。
have been to 去过某地(现在已回来) My father has been to Beijing.我爸爸去过北京。
have been in 待在某地(人一直待在那里)，常与一段时间连用 My father has been in Beijing for three years.
我爸爸待在北京三年了。
★辨析：have gone to、have been to、have been in
时态 一般现在时 现在完成时
侧重点 只谈过去，与现在无关 强调过去的动作与现在的关联、影响
示例 I saw a film yesterday.昨天我看了一部电影。(只陈述事实) I have already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了。(强调现在已经了解这部电影的情节了，不必再看)
★辨析：一般过去时 vs.现在完成时
(3)延续性动词与非延续性动词的现在完成时
非延续性动词不能与“for＋时间段”或“since＋过去时间点”连
用。如果要连用，需要把非延续性动词转化为与之意思相近的延续性
动词。
He has bought the car.他已经买了那辆车了。
He has had the car for two years.那辆车他买了两年了。
常见的非延续性动词及其对应的延续性动词总结如下：
borrow(借入)→keep(保管，持有)
begin/start(开始)→be on(进行中)
buy(买)→have(拥有)
finish/end(结束)→be over(结束)
die(死)→be dead(处于死亡状态)
leave(离开)→be away(离开)
join(加入)→be in/be a member of(成为其中一员)
arrive(到达)/go(去)/come(来)→be in/at(在某地)
fall asleep(入睡)→be asleep(睡着)
get married(结婚)→be married(处于已婚状态)
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2025 北京)Many international students _______ to visit our school
since last year.
B
B
A.are coming
B.have come
C.came
D.will come
2.(2025 凉 山 )—China is taking action to help people manage their
weight and lead healthier lives.
—Yes.The government ________ a three-year “Weight Management
Year” program already.
A.started
B.has started
C.will start
3.(2025 无 锡 )The therapy centre is on High Street and it ________
service for over 10 years.
A.has started
C.has stopped
B.has been in
D.has been out of
4.(2024 南 京 )Most people agree that smart technology ________ a
big part of society so far.
B
C
C
A.become
C.has become
B.became
D.is becoming
5.(2024 临夏)Mr.Green ________ China for five years.
A.has been to
C.has been in
B.has gone to
D.has come to
6.(2024 广元)Panda Yaya ________ to Beijing Zoo for over one year.
She is taken good care of there.
D
B
A.was back
C.has come back
B.came back
D.has been back
7.(2023 凉 山 )—Becky, we're leaving in several minutes.Are you
ready
—No, I ________ my clothes yet.
B.haven't packed
A.have packed
C.didn't pack
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
8.(2024 临夏)自从我上次遇到我的小学同学，已经有三年了。
It ________ ________ three years since I last met my primary school
classmates.
has
been
Have
heard
9.(2023 广州)你是否听说过一群广州学生做的数学项目？
______ you ever ______ about a maths project done by some students
in Guangzhou
have
taken
place
10.(2023 鞍山)我们的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes _______ already _______ _______ in our hometown.
考点
语态
英语的语态分为两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态强调“谁
做了什么”，主语是动作的执行者；被动语态强调“主语被怎么样
了”，主语是动作的承受者。
1.主动语态与被动语态的转换
将主动语态转换为被动语态的核心是将主动句中的宾语转换成被
动句中的主语。
(1)主语＋谓语＋宾语
(2)主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
①将间接宾语变为被动句的主语时，保留直接宾语
②将直接宾语变为被动句的主语时，间接宾语的前面要加上介词
to 或 for
时态 主动形式 被动形式 示例
一般现在时 do/does am/is/are done Many new houses are built every year.
一般过去时 did was/were done My bike was stolen yesterday.
一般将来时 will/shall do will/shall be done The project will be finished next month.
现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done The bridge is being repaired.
2.被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词 be＋及物动词的过去分词(done)”构成，人
称、数和时态的变化通过助动词 be 来体现。
时态 主动形式 被动形式 示例
过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done The problem was being discussed at that time.
现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done The room has been cleaned.
★拓展：含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be＋过去分词(done)
This can be done by hand.这可以手工做。
The environment should be improved.环境应当改善。
情况 示例
未知或无需提及动作的
执行者 My bike was stolen last night.我的自行车昨晚
被偷了。
The rubbish is taken away every morning.垃圾
每天早上都会被收走。
想强调动作的承受者 The glass was broken by Tom. 杯子是汤姆打
碎的。
This book was written by Mo Yan.这本书是莫
言写的。
3.被动语态的用法
情况 示例
为了使语气更客观、正
式或委婉 The homework hasn't been finished yet.作业
还没被完成。
It is reported that two people were injured in
the accident.
据报道，事故中有两人受伤。
情况 示例
系动词(feel、taste、sound、smell、look，keep、stay、remain、prove
等) This material feels very soft.这块材料摸上去很柔软。
表示主语内在性质或性能的不及物动词(sell、read、write、wash、wear等)与well、hardly、easily等副词连用时 The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很流畅。
This kind of food sells well.这种食物很畅销。
用于“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构 This question is hard to answer.这个问题很难回答。
English is easy to learn.英语很好学。
4.主动形式表示被动意义
Ⅰ.单项选择
C
C
1.(2025 北京)Language learning apps _____ by more and more people
these days.
A.use
B.used
C.are used
D.were used
2.(2025 天津)Chinese ______ by more and more people from foreign
countries today.
A.speaks
B.spoke
C.is spoken
D.will speak
3.(2025 江 西 )—I hear that Jingdezhen Porcelain( 瓷器) ________ in
Paris last month.
D
B
—Wow! Good news.
A.shows
C.is shown
B.has shown
D.was shown
4.(2025 龙东地区)AI tools ________ in more fields in the future.
B.will be used
A.is used
C.are used
5.(2025 凉山)—We planted lots of trees on Tree Planting Day.
—That's quite meaningful.To have a greener world, more trees should
B
________ every year.
A.plant
B.be planted
C.are planted
6.The tickets for The Wandering Earth________ well, and they will
________ soon.
B.are sold; sold out
A.are sold; sell out
C.sell; be sold out
C
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
7.(2025 白银)人们认为，茶在六至七世纪传到了朝鲜和日本。
________ __________ that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during
the 6th and 7th centuries.
8.(2025 广州)目前，许多老人使用智能手机有困难，需要被给予更
多支持。
It's
believed
be
given
Now, many old people have trouble in using smartphones.They
should ________ ________ more support.
will
be
held
put
off
9.(2024 广州)下周，我校将在运动日举行各种趣味运动。麦克和汤
姆将参加“二人三足”赛跑。
A lot of fun games _______ ________ ________ on the Sports Day in
our school next week.Mike and Tom will take part in the “three-legged”
race.
10.(2024 临夏)由于昨天突然下大雨，学校运动会被推迟了。
The school sports meeting was ________ ________ because of the
sudden heavy rain yesterday.
Ⅲ.按要求完成句子
11.The bees collect honey from the flowers.(改为被动语态)
Honey ________ ________ from the flowers by the bees.
12.They often clean the classroom after school.(改为被动语态)
The classroom ________ often ________ by them after school.
13.Schools usually don't allow students to wear their own clothes at
school.(改为被动语态)
Students ________ usually not ________ to wear their own clothes at
school.
is
collected
is
cleaned
are
allowed
考点
主谓一致
主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致遵循三个基本原则：
主语 谓语动词 示例
可数名词单数、不可数名词及表示第三人称单数的代词(he/she/it) 单数 The book belongs to me.
He is fishing by the river.
可数名词复数及表示复数意义的代词(we/you/they/these/those) 复数 These toys are designed for children under 3.
单复数同形的名词(deer、sheep等) 遵循意义
一致原则 The sheep is running.(表示单数意义，指一只)
The sheep are running.(表示复数意义，指多只)
主语 谓语动词 示例
集体
名词 police、people等 复数 The police are running after a thief.
People live much longer than they used to.
class、family、group、team等 遵循意义
一致原则 Our class is the best in the school. (强调整体)
My class have different opinions on this matter.(强调每个成员)
主语 谓语动词 示例
不定
代词 不定代词neither、either、each作主语或修饰主语 单数 Each has a gift.
Neither answer ①_________(be) correct.
one/each of＋复数名词 单数 One of my friends ②_________ (live) in Brighton.
Each of the students has a dictionary.
is
lives
主语 谓语动词 示例
不定
代词 none/neither/either of＋复数名词或代词 单数/复数 Neither of the books ③________ (be) of any use to him.
None of us has/have ever been to Beijing.
复合不定代词 单数 Everybody is here.
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.
is/are
主语 谓语动词 示例
不定
代词 all、more、most、some、any、none等作主语或修饰主语 遵循意义
一致原则 All of the apple is rotten.(与单数名词或不可数名词连用，强调单个物体的全部)
All of the apples are rotten.(与复数名词连用，强调所有物体)
主语 谓语动词 示例
动名词、不定式 单数 Seeing is believing.
To master a foreign language is not easy.
分数/百分数＋of＋名词 取决于of后的名词所表示的意义 60% of the students in our school are boys.
Two thirds of the work is done.
表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡的复数名词 单数 Ten years is a long time.
Fifty dollars ④________(be) too much for the shirt.
is
主语 谓语动词 示例
某些以 s结尾的名词(news、maths、politics、physics等)及书刊名、国家名等专有名词 单数 Politics ⑤______(be) his favorite subject.
The United States is a developed country.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was written by Mark Twain.
is
主语 谓语动词 示例
由(both...) and...连接的并列主语 遵循意义一致原则 The teacher and writer is coming to our school.(一个人，既是老师又是作家)
The teacher and the writer are coming to our school.(两个人，一个是老师，一个是作家)
The needle and thread was found under the table.(针和线，是一套工具，不可分割)
主语 谓语动词 示例
each/every＋名词＋and each/every＋名词 单数 Each man and each woman has a seat.
Every boy and every girl in our class is diligent.
a number of＋复数名词 复数 A number of problems ⑥_______ (arise).
the number of＋复数名词 单数 The number of students in our school ⑦_______(be) 2，000.
arise
is
主语 谓语动词 示例
or、either...or...、neither... nor...、not only...but also...、not...but...等连接并列主语 遵循就近一致原则 Either you or Jane is to be sent to New Zealand.
Not only the students but also their teacher ⑧_______________ (not know) about it.
doesn't know
主语 谓语动词 示例
当主语后有with、along with、together with、as well as、like、rather than、but、except等附加成分时 与附加成分无关，与主语保持一致 Nobody but the twins was late for the meeting.
My brother, as well as my cousins, ⑨______(enjoy) playing basketball.
there be句型 遵循就近一致原则 There ⑩_____(be) beef and crabs for lunch.
There have been some new developments.
enjoys
is
用括号内所给提示词的适当形式填空
1.—What ________(be) the number of the students in your class
—About 45.A number of them ________(be) from the countryside.
2.(2025 无锡)Simon and I _____________(work) on a history project
now.
3.(2025 达 州 )He always _________(spend) time with his family on
weekends.
4.Hou Yi Shoots the Suns_________(be) one of the most traditional
stories in China.
is
are
are working
spends
is
5.(2025 白银)Look! There ________(be) a notebook and three keys
on the desk.
6.(2024 攀枝花)—How about climbing Donghua Mountain this
weekend
—Sounds great.Then a pair of comfortable sports shoes ________(be)
necessary.
is
is
is
is
7.(2023 龙东地区)Everyone except Mike ________(be) going to play
basketball because he doesn't like it.
8.(2022 贵阳)Doing exercise in a scientific way ________(be) healthy
for both our body and mind.
get
is
9.Tom's family is a big one.And the family ________(get) together to
have a big meal on Christmas Eve every year.
10.One thousand kilometers ________(be) quite a long way to the
ancients, but now we can complete the journey in about one hour by air.
考点
非谓语形式
在英语中，一套主谓结构只能有一个谓语动词，再出现动词时，
就要使用非谓语形式。非谓语形式包括动词不定式(to do)、动词的-ing
形式(doing)和动词的-ed 形式(done)。
1.动词不定式
动词不定式的基本形式是“不定式符号 to＋动词原形 do”，有时
to 可以省略，其否定形式为“not to do”。广州中考重点考查不定式作
宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法，其他用法不直接考查，仅作了
解即可。
功能 位置及用法 示例
作宾语 用在want、hope、wish、expect、plan、decide、intend、agree、refuse、promise、offer、learn、try、manage、fail、choose、pretend、afford、aim等动词后 I want to buy a new pen.
He decided to study abroad.
与疑问词what、where、when、who、how、which等连用，构成“疑问词＋不定式”结构，作ask、know、show、tell等动词的宾语 I don't know what to do next.
Could you tell me how to get to the station？
find、think等动词后常用it作形式宾语，真正的主语(即不定式短语)后置 I find it difficult to learn French well.
功能 位置及用法 示例
作宾语
补足语 用于“动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，补充说明宾语的行为或状态(常考动词有ask、tell、want、wish、would like、allow、encourage、expect、advise、remind、order、invite、teach、help、require等) The teacher asked me to answer the question.
My parents don't allow me to play computer games on weekdays.
感官动词(see、hear、feel、watch、notice、listen to等)和使役动词(let、make、have)后常跟不带to的不定式作宾补
★注意：变为被动语态时，省略的to必须加回来。 My mom made me clean my room.
被动：①____________________
____________________________
I saw him cross the street.
被动：②____________________
____________________________
help后作宾补的不定式带不带to均可 She helped him (to) choose some new clothes.
I was made to clean my
He was seen to cross the
room (by my mom).
street (by me).
功能 位置及用法 示例
作状语 表示目的，意为“为了”，可位于句首或句中，可与in order to do sth.互换 To catch the first bus, he got up early.
She went to the library (in order) to borrow some books.
放在表示情感、情绪的形容词(如happy、glad、sad、surprised 等)后，构成 be＋adj.＋to do sth.结构，表示原因 I'm glad to see you again.
He was surprised to hear the news.
用于too＋adj.＋to do sth.(太……而不能做某事)和adj.＋enough to do sth.(足够……能够做某事)结构，表示结果 The boy is too young to go to school.
He is old enough to take care of himself.
功能 位置及用法 示例
作主语 表示具体的、一次性的动作，置于句首
时，谓语动词用单数 To learn a new language is
interesting.
用于 It takes/took sb.＋时间＋to do sth.和
It be ＋adj.( ＋of/for sb.) ＋to do sth. 句型
中，其中 it 为形式主语，不定式短语为
真正的主语 It took us three days to finish the
task.
It's important for us to protect the
environment.
作定语 放在名词或代词后面，起修饰作用 I have a lot of work to do.
Could you give me something to
drink？
作表语 放在 be 或其他系动词后，对主语作进一
步说明 My dream is to travel around the
world.
句型 位置及用法 示例
It be＋adj.＋of
sb.＋to do sth. 侧重于说明人，描述sb.的品质，此结构中常用clever、good、foolish、kind、lazy、silly、stupid、wise、polite等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，意为“某人做某事是……
的” It is rude of you to talk to your parents in that way.你用那种方式和父母说话是不礼貌的。
★辨析：It be＋adj.(＋of/for sb.)＋to do sth.
句型 位置及用法 示例
It be＋adj.＋for
sb.＋to do sth. 侧重于说明事，修饰不定式所表示的动作，此结构中常用difficult、easy、hard、important、necessary等表示客观情况的形容词，意为
“对某人来说做某事是……的” It's very hard for him to study two languages.对他来说学两种语言很难。
★拓展：含有不带 to 的不定式的常用搭配
had better (not) do sth.最好(不)做某事
would rather do A than do B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B
Why not do sth. 为什么不做某事呢？
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B
Ⅰ.单项选择
D
B
1.(2025 扬州)We should build on past achievements and work together
________ a better world.
A.make
B.making
C.made
D.to make
2.(2025 绥化)Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells
funny jokes to make us ________.
A.to laugh
B.laugh
C.laughed
3.(2025 云南)Our headmaster will invite a scientist _____ us a speech
D
A
on space technology.
A.give
B.given
C.giving
D.to give
4.(2025 宿迁)Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English
this Saturday afternoon.
A.to practise
B.practising
C.practised
D.practise
5.(2025 长春)________ eyes healthy, we students should spend less
time on screens.
A.To keep
B.Keep
C.Kept
D.Keeping
A
6.(2023 上海)Hanfu Day in our school aims ________ students a taste
of traditional Chinese culture.
C
A
B
A.offer
B.offering
C.to offer
D.offered
7.(2022 西 藏 )It's important for the disabled ________ the ability to
make a living.
A.to have
B.have
C.having
D.has
8.Kitty, these books are ________ heavy for you ________ carry.Let
me help you.
A.as; as
B.too; to
C.such; that
D.so; that
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
9.(2024 广州)体育老师鼓励他们，并教他们如何能提高合作跑步的
技巧。
how
to
To
avoid
Their PE teacher encouraged them and taught them _______ _______
improve their skills of running together.
10.(2024 白银)为了避免犯错，我们需要仔细阅读每一个问题。
________ ________ making mistakes, we should read each question
carefully.
类型 功能 位置及用法 示例
动
名
词 作宾语 用在avoid、mind、finish、keep、practise、enjoy、consider、miss、suggest等动词后 I enjoy listening to music after a busy day.
Have you finished doing your homework yet
He practises playing the piano for an hour every day.
2.动词的-ing 形式
动词的-ing 形式由“动词原形＋-ing”构成，包括动名词和现在分
词两类，其否定形式为“not doing”。广州中考重点考查动词的-ing 形式
作宾语的用法，其他用法不直接考查，仅作了解即可。
类型 功能 位置及用法 示例
动
名
词 作宾语 用在介词后 She is good at drawing pictures and telling stories.
Thank you for helping me with my heavy bags.
How about going to the science museum this weekend？
类型 功能 位置及用法 示例
动
名
词 作主语 表示抽象的、经常性的动作，置于句首时，谓语动词用单数 Reading is a good habit.
Learning English takes time.
用于It is no use/good＋doing sth.句型中，其中it为形式主语，动名词短语为真正的主语 It's no use running—the train has already gone.
It's no good complaining—they never listen.
作表语 放在be动词后，相当于一个名词，说明主语是什么 My hobby is collecting stamps.
作定语 修饰名词，表示用途，经常前置 a sleeping bag(＝a bag for sleeping)
类型 功能 位置及用法 示例
现在
分词 作定语 修饰名词(单个现在分词作定语时常前置；现在分词短语作定语时常后置) a sleeping baby(＝a baby who is sleeping)
The boy standing at the bus stop is Tom.
(＝The boy who is standing at the bus stop is Tom.)
作宾语
补足语 用于“动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，补充说明宾语正在进行的动作或状态(常考动词有see、hear、watch、notice、let、make、have、find等) I saw him playing basketball on the playground.
I have kept you waiting a long time.
类型 功能 位置及用法 示例
现在
分词 作状语 修饰整个句子，相当于状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等 Hearing the news, she was very excited.
(＝When she heard the news, she was very excited.)
★注意：后接动词-ing 形式作宾语的搭配
be good at doing 擅长做某事
be interested in doing 对做某事感兴趣
look forward to doing 盼望做某事
thanks for doing 感谢做某事
instead of doing 代替做某事
be busy doing 忙于做某事
sth.be worth doing 值得做某事
spend time (in) doing 花时间做某事
feel like doing 想要做某事
put off doing 推迟做某事
pay attention to doing 注意做某事
give up doing 放弃做某事
be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事
make a contribution to doing 为做某事而做贡献
prevent/stop/keep sb.from doing 阻止某人做某事
have fun/trouble/difficulty doing 做某事有乐趣/困难
prefer doing A to doing B 比起做 B 更喜欢做 A
What/How about doing？做某事怎么样？
★辨析：有些动词后既可以跟动词的-ing 形式作宾语，又可以跟
不定式作宾语，有的含义相同，有的则不同。
(1)含义相同：
begin/start to do sth.＝begin/start doing sth.开始做某事
like/love to do sth.＝like/love doing sth.喜欢做某事
hate to do sth.＝hate doing sth.讨厌做某事
(2)含义不同：
stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth.停下正在做的事
forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事
forget doing sth.忘记已经做过某事
go on to do sth.继续去做另一件事
go on doing sth.继续做正在做的事
remember to do sth.记得要去做某事
remember doing sth.记得已经做过某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
regret to say/tell/inform...遗憾地说/告知/通知……
regret doing sth.后悔已经做过某事
Ⅰ.单项选择
C
B
1.(2025 龙东地区)—How do you improve your English listening skills
—I spend about twenty minutes ________ English videos every day.
A.watch
B.to watch
C.watching
2.(2024 绥化)My little brother suggested ________ for a walk.
A.to go
B.going
C.goes
3.(2024 徐州)Finishing a meal in 20 to 30 minutes is widely considered
as the ideal ________ time.
D
C
B
A.sporting
B.shopping
C.dressing
D.eating
4.(2024 自 贡 )To save energy, don't forget ________ the light before
you leave the room.
A.turn off
B.turning off
C.to turn off
5.(2023 邵阳)—Is Lucy in the classroom
—Yeah.She is still there watching Mr.Li ________.
A.to draw
B.drawing
C.draws
6.(2023 上海)The family are busy ________ their living room for the
A
coming Spring Festival.
A.decorating
C.decorate
B.to decorate
D.decorated
7.An old man ______ on the side of the road was found _______, and
he was sent to the hospital by the bus driver and passengers immediately.
A.lies; dies
C.lain; dead
B.lay; died
D.lying; dying
D
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
8.(2023 丹东)彼得总是靠自己挣钱，而不是依赖父母。
Peter always makes money by himself instead of _________ _______
________ ________.
9.我盼望收到你们所有人的来信。
I look forward to ________ ________ all of you.
depending
on
his
parents
hearing
from
功能 位置及用法 示例
作定语 修饰名词(单个过去分词作定语时常前置；过去分词短语作定语时常后置) boiled water(＝water which is boiled)
The girl called Lily is my best friend.
(＝The girl who is called Lily is my best friend.)
3.动词的-ed 形式
动词的-ed 形式也叫过去分词，可以在句子中作定语、宾语补足语
或状语。动词的-ed 形式在广州中考英语试卷中不直接考查，但有时会
出现在阅读理解中，需要了解。
功能 位置及用法 示例
作宾语
补足语 用于“动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，补充说明宾语正在进行的动作或状态(常考动词有see、hear、watch、notice、let、make、have、find等) She saw the thief caught by policemen.
He began to wish the whole business finished.
作状语 相当于状语从句，表示“主语被……” Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.
(＝When the city is seen from the top...)
单项选择
C
B
1.(2024 绥化)The tea ________ in China ________ to many different
countries and places each year.
A.is made; sent
B.made; sent
C.made; is sent
2.My bike is broken.I will have it________ tomorrow morning.
A.fix up
B.fixed up
C.repairing
D.to repair
【语法点针对训练】
语法选择
Last month, our English teacher, Ms.Lee, __1__ us a special project.
We were asked __2__ a short video about our school life.To be honest, I
__3__ a video before that day, so I felt a bit nervous.I had no idea where
__4__.
Fortunately, my best friend, Jane, is good at this kind of thing.She
helped me __5__ the right software and showed me some basic skills.
“You __6__ worry ， ” she said with a smile.“It's easier than it looks.”
__7__ her advice, I finally began.
The first few hours were tough.I was not used to __8__ the editing
tools and I kept making mistakes.It __9__ that I would never finish it.I
almost gave up, but then I thought about our school's film festival.My
video __10__ at the festival if it was good enough! This idea encouraged
me __11__ going.I had been working on the video for about two hours
when my mom __12__ in.She told me I __13__ take a short break.After
three days, my video __14__.When I watch it now, I feel very proud of
what I __15__.
(
(
)1.A.gives
)2.A.create
B.gave
B.creating
C.has given
C.to create
D.is giving
D.created
(
)3.A.have never made
B.will never make
C.never make
D.never made
B.to start
B.chooses
D.started
D.chose
(
(
(
)4.A.start
)5.A.choose
)6.A.mustn't
C.starting
C.choosing
B.couldn't
C.don't have to
D.shouldn't
(
(
(
)7.A.Follow
)8.A.use
)9.A.seems
B.To follow
B.used
B.was seeming
C.Followed
C.Using
C.seemed
D.Following
D.to use
D.has seemed
(
)10.A.could be shown
B.can show
C.could show
D.has been shown
B
C
D
B
A
C
D
C
C
A
C
A
B
D
B
B.keeping
B.comes
B.should
D.kept
D.will come
D.may
(
(
(
(
)11.A.keep
)12.A.came
)13.A.must
)14.A.finished
C.to keep
C.has come
C.can
B.has finished
C.was finishing
D.was finished
(
)15.A.achieve
B.have achieved
C.am achieving
D.will achieve
【中考题型训练】
完形填空
(2023 广州)Almost everyone has a dream job, and for Susan, it is being
a whale(鲸) trainer at her city's aquarium(水族馆).Last year, Susan finally
had a(n) __1__, but it was more than just signing up.People who wanted
this job had to take part in a competition.They need to show how __2__
they could go down into the seven-metre-deep pool that housed the whales
and how long they could stay there.The one who could reach the deepest
and stay the longest underwater would get the job.
Susan signed up to try out, and everything went __3__ at first.But
then, as she went down to about five metres under the icy water, her legs
stopped __4__.The cold water caused a huge pain in her legs.She was
unable to swim back to the surface.She was in great fear and couldn't think.
This only caused her to __5__ farther into the pool.Just as Susan __6__
hope, she suddenly felt herself being pushed to the surface.
It was Mila, a whale in the pool.She noticed Susan's __7__, held her
leg in her mouth and pushed Susan up to the surface.Susan was __8__,
thanks to Mila's quick action.The aquarium spokesperson said Susan was
really __9__, because Mila had realized Susan needed help before any of
the working group did, which saved valuable time.
“Whales are __10__ animals—they live and play together.In the
wild, they show great interest in humans and often swim close to boats and
divers.”
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
)1.A.chance
)2.A.soon
)3.A.close
)4.A.trying
)5.A.drop
)6.A.gave away
)7.A.look
)8.A.changed
)9.A.lucky
)10.A.funny
B.job
B.far
B.deep
B.hurting
B.swim
B.gave in
B.trouble
B.lost
B.brave
B.lonely
C.dream
C.often
C.late
C.working
C.jump
C.gave out
C.move
C.chosen
C.afraid
C.social
D.idea
D.hard
D.well
D.resting
D.search
D.gave up
D.place
D.saved
D.sad
D.strong
A
B
D
C
A
D
B
D
A
C

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