资源简介

(共16张PPT)
Unit 1　 Time to Relax
1. scared of 害怕
Fu Xing used to be scared of water.
2. get over 克服(困难)；解决(问题)
What helped you to get over your fear？
3. up to 正在做；由某人决定
—Hey Yaming！ What are you up to？ —Hi， Peter. I’m doing calligraphy.
4. give up 放弃
My dad’s teaching me to play the guitar. It’s difficult， but he always encourages me not to give up.
5. in return 作为回报
—Will you teach me to write a poem？ I can teach you to play a song in return.
—It’s a deal！
6. get into 开始做某事；进入
give it a go 试一试某事
—How did you get into painting？ —I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go.
7. once in a while 偶尔地；间或
—My parents told me not to push myself too hard.
—Yes， it’s important not to forget to relax once in a while.
8. go on an outing 出去游玩
So， now they let us do our favorite activities on Saturdays， but on Sundays， we go on a family outing together！
9. dream of 梦想；希望
She dreams of travelling to these places in the future！
10. so far 到目前为止
My greatest achievement so far is dancing in front of hundreds of people last year.
1. Q： I’m doing a survey on free-time activities. 句中单词“on”是什么词 性？意思是什么？
A： 句子中的“on”是介词，意思为“关于”。“on”常常可以用 “about”来替换，因此，该句可表述为：I’m doing a survey about free- time activities. (我正在做一个关于闲暇活动的问卷调查。)
2. Q： What do you usually do when you’re free？句子中为何会有两个特殊 疑问词“what”和“when”呢？
A：“what”在本句中的确是特殊疑问词，意思为“什么”。但是， “when”在本句中不是特殊疑问词，它是连词，意思为“当……时候； 在……时候”。所以，“when you’re free”可以译为：当你空闲时或当你 有空的时候。在本单元中，“when”这种用法多次出现，如：Oh， I saw my mother paint when I was young. (在我小的时候)；When work or school is over， what do you do to pass the time？(当工作或学习结束了的时候)； Her dad sent it to her when she was five， and she liked it so much that she put it up on her bedroom wall. (当她五岁的时候)；When I was six， I visited my grandfather’s farm， and he took me to ride a horse. (在我六岁时)。
3. Q： I needed to practise a lot！这句话可以用I needed practise a lot！来替 换吗？
A： 不可以。当“need”是行为动词时，它的搭配用法是：need to do sth，即动词不定式不能省略to。类似的用法如：You just need to turn up to class with an open mind and be curious about what you are experiencing throughout the practice. (你只需要去教室里，虚心练习，并在整个练习过 程中对你的身体所经历的保持好奇。) If you are going to lead an Agile team， you need to have the courage to speak the truth and let your team members speak the truth as well. (如果你准备去领导一个Agile团队，你需 要拥有勇气说出事实，并鼓励你的团队成员也说出事实。)
此外，“need”还可用作情态动词，但常用于否定句或疑问句。如：You needn’t get up so early as usual， because it’s Sunday today. (你不需要像平 常那样早起，因为今天是周日。) —Need we finish all the work today？
—No， you needn’t. Sandy will help you later. (—我们需要今天完成所有的 工作吗？—不需要。Sandy稍晚将会帮助你们的。)
4. Q： Some people prefer not to make things. They prefer to collect them！ 句中动词“prefer”常见用法有哪些？
A： “prefer”常见用法如下：
(1)prefer to do sth(更喜欢做某事)，如：Sandy prefers to go to the gym. (Sandy更喜欢去健身房。)
prefer not to do sth(更不喜欢做某事)，如：Sandy prefers not to go to the lab. (Sandy更不喜欢去实验室。)
(2)prefer A to B(A和B相比，更喜欢A，其中A和B常为名词或动名词)， 如：My mother prefers coffee to tea. (比起茶，我母亲更喜欢咖啡。)
Mary prefers playing tennis to playing football. (玛丽喜欢打网球，而不喜欢 踢足球。)
(3) prefer to do sth rather than do sth(宁愿做某事而不愿做某事)，如：My grandmother prefers to chat with us after supper rather than watch TV. (我奶 奶晚饭后宁愿和我们聊天而不愿看电视。)
5. Q： 在英语中，动词不定式的结构是什么？常见用法有哪些？
A： 动词不定式由 “to ＋ 动词原形” 构成，它在句中可以有多种用法：
(1)作主语：动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：To learn a foreign language is not easy. (学习一门外语不容易。)在这个句子中，“To learn a foreign language” 就是句子的主语，表示要去做的事情。有时候为 了避免头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语动词不定式后置，如： It’s not easy to learn a foreign language.
(2)作宾语：很多动词后面可以接动词不定式作宾语。如：I want to buy a new book. (我想买一本新书。)“want” 这个动词后面就接了 “to buy” 这个动词不定式作宾语，表示想要做的事情。常见的这类动词有 want(想 要)、hope(希望)、decide(决定)等。
(3)作宾语补足语：即补充说明宾语做什么。如：My mother asks me to clean my room. (我妈妈让我打扫我的房间。)“to clean my room”补充说 明宾语“me”要做的事。常见的可接动词不定式作宾补的动词有 ask(要 求)、tell(告诉)、help(帮助)等。
(4)作定语：放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：I have a lot of homework to do. (我有很多作业要做。)“to do”用来修饰“homework”，表示要做 的作业。
·动词不定式还可以和what、which、how、where、when等疑问词连用。 如：My mother taught me how to write an article. (我妈妈教我如何写文 章。)
(5)作状语：可以表示目的、结果、原因等。比如表示目的：I get up early to catch the early bus. (我早起为了赶上早班车。)这里 “to catch the early bus” 就是表示早起的目的。
此外，动词不定式在使用时还需注意：·动词不定式有否定形式，由
“not to ＋ 动词原形” 构成。如：It’s difficult， but my dad always encourages me not to give up. (它是难，但是我爸爸总是鼓励我不要放弃。)
·感官动词(feel、hear、watch、see、notice等)和使役动词(let、make、have 等)后的动词不定式通常省略“to”。如：I saw my mother paint when I was young. (当我小的时候，我看到妈妈在画画。)Hobbies can make you feel good about yourself. (业余爱好能够使你感觉良好。)
·动词“help”后的动词不定式可以是“to ＋ 动词原形”，也可省略 “to”。如：I believe I’m helping people around the world to learn Italian. (我相信我正帮助全球的人们学习意大利语。)Horse riding also helps me stay fit. (骑马也帮助我保持健壮。)

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