资源简介

Unit 1 Past and present
第4课时 writing
八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）
How to write an article about the change of hometown
Writing articles about changes in hometown can let readers understand and love their hometown. We should mainly use the comparative method: that is, hometown
Compare the past with the present. We should start writing from the following aspects:
1. Changes in the environment of the hometown in the past and now;
2. Changes in traffic in the past and present compared with that in the hometown;
3. Changes in people's living standards and others.
Comparison(对比说明文)
First Three parts:
1.Introduction(介绍):topic
2.Main body(主体): Environment, Life,Transport
3.Conclusion(结论):opinion
Second What tense should we use
Third Think of some useful words and expressions.
今年上映的大型纪录片《厉害了！我的国》展现了我国近几年来各个领域的巨大变化和取得的伟大成就。请你以“Amazing China！”为题，从中学生的角度介绍你身边的变化。
写作要求：
1.表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2.词数：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
3.文中不得出现真实的姓名，校名和地名。
参考词汇：free breakfast, shared-bikes（共享单车），high-speed train（高铁）， subway（地铁）， Wechat Pay（微信支付）， community service（社区服务），life quality
Amazing！China！
I’m very proud of my country-China, especially after watching the documentary Amazing! China. Actually, our life has changed a lot in recent years. ___________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题组A 基础过关练
A
假设你是李华，上个月你回到了家乡，发现变化很大。请根据以下提示写一篇题为“Changes in My Hometown”的短文。提示如下：
1.我的家乡过去是个安静的小镇，山清水秀，空气清新。人们骑自行车或步行出行。
2.现在我的家乡已变成一个现代化的城镇，已建起座座高楼，处处可见宽阔的马路。我们住的小区门口有许多公交车经过，很多人都已买了私家车，出行很方便。
3.但是，家乡的变化也给我们带来了许多麻烦，例如：……
4.你的想法是：……
Changes in My Hometown
When I returned to my hometown last month, I found it changed a lot. _____________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B
请你写一篇作文，描述你的家乡近几十年的变化。请从马路、住房条件、交通设施等方面进行描述。词数80左右。
内容提示：
1.过去，我的家乡是一个贫穷的小镇，道路又窄又脏，到处都是垃圾，人们住在又旧又小的平房里，出行只能靠步行或骑骑行车；
2.然而，在过去的三十年中，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化，马路已经变得宽阔整洁，道路两边高楼林立，大多数人已搬进了社区，住进了现代化的公寓，出行坐公交车或打出租车，很多人买了小汽车。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C
假设你是林涛，上个月回到了家乡，发现家乡变化很大。请根据以下提示写一篇题为"Changes in My Hometown"的短文，词数100左右，提示如下：
1．我的家乡过去是个安静的小镇，山清水秀，空气清新。人们骑自行车或走路出行；
2．现在已变成了现代化城镇，建起座座高楼，有很多宽阔的马路。我们住的小区门口有许多公交车经过，很多人都已买了私家车，出行很方便；
3．但是，这些变化也给我们带来了许多问题，例如：……
4．我的想法是……
Changes in My Hometown
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题组B 培优拔尖练
请根据以下内容提示，写一篇题目为“Saving the Environment”的英语短文。
要点：
1.在过去的几年里我们国家变化很大。带来了不少收益，但是也导致了很多严重的问题。
2.空气污染——空气不清新
水污染——人们把废水倒进河流和湖泊里，水变脏
噪音污染——一些人只能从城市搬走
乱伐树木，乱扔垃圾等……
3.提出自己的合理化建议（至少2条）。
要求：
1.包括以上要点，不需要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；
2.表达清楚，语法正确；
3.词数80左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 1 Past and present
第4课时 writing
八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）
How to write an article about the change of hometown
Writing articles about changes in hometown can let readers understand and love their hometown. We should mainly use the comparative method: that is, hometown
Compare the past with the present. We should start writing from the following aspects:
1. Changes in the environment of the hometown in the past and now;
2. Changes in traffic in the past and present compared with that in the hometown;
3. Changes in people's living standards and others.
Comparison(对比说明文)
First Three parts:
1.Introduction(介绍):topic
2.Main body(主体): Environment, Life,Transport
3.Conclusion(结论):opinion
Second What tense should we use
Third Think of some useful words and expressions.
今年上映的大型纪录片《厉害了！我的国》展现了我国近几年来各个领域的巨大变化和取得的伟大成就。请你以“Amazing China！”为题，从中学生的角度介绍你身边的变化。
写作要求：
1.表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2.词数：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
3.文中不得出现真实的姓名，校名和地名。
参考词汇：free breakfast, shared-bikes（共享单车），high-speed train（高铁）， subway（地铁）， Wechat Pay（微信支付）， community service（社区服务），life quality
Amazing！China！
I’m very proud of my country-China, especially after watching the documentary Amazing! China. Actually, our life has changed a lot in recent years. ___________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Amazing! China!
I’m very proud of my country—China, especially after watching the documentary Amazing! China!. Actually, our life has changed a lot in recent years.
First, there are some shared-bikes around us. They’re very helpful and convenient for us to travel to places not too far away from our home.
Secondly, lots of restaurants offer the old and disabled people free breakfast. Besides, the government provide textbooks, meals for all the primary and junior middle school students for free. The old people over sixty ages can get some money from the government every month to feed themselves.
Thirdly, you can see high-speed trains, subways and high-speed roads everywhere in China. It shows China is developing fastest in the world.
What’s more, WeChat Pay is widely used in cities, towns and villages. The Chinese people of all ages can use their smart phones to shop online, watch the latest movies. Lots of foreigners can hardly believe their eyes.
Finally, all kinds of community services are good for Chinese people, including medical, educational and other parts of our life. All these mean we are improving our life quality.
How amazing China is! We’re proud of our country!
【详解】
这是一篇话题作文，话题是“Amazing China！”。本文人称主要是第三人称，时态主要是一般现在时。认为阅读材料，认真审题，确定主题，根据主题和所给提示列出本文的提纲，根据主题可适当发挥。短文必须包含提示内容，条理清楚，字数80词左右。要运用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章具有连贯性，注意表达的顺序。写完以后，注意再读一遍，看看有无单词拼写、标点、语法错误（时态、主谓一致等）。本文提纲：
厉害了！中国！
我为我的祖国中国感到骄傲，尤其是在看了这部纪录片之后！中国！事实上，近年来我们的生活发生了很大的变化。
首先，我们周围有一些共享单车。它们对我们来说很有帮助，也很方便去离家不远的地方旅行。
第二，许多餐馆为老年人和残疾人提供免费早餐。此外，政府还免费为所有中小学生提供教科书、食物。60岁以上的老人每月可以从政府那里领到一些钱来养活自己。
第三，在中国到处都可以看到高速列车、地铁和高速公路。这表明中国在世界上发展最快。
此外，微信支付在城市、城镇和农村中得到了广泛的应用。所有年龄段的中国人都可以用他们的智能手机上网购物，看最新的电影。很多外国人简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
最后，各种社区服务对中国人民都是有益的，包括医疗、教育和我们生活的其他部分。所有这些都意味着我们正在提高生活质量。
中国是多么厉害啊！我们为我们的国家感到骄傲！
【点睛】
书面表达要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。语言要规范，时态运用要正确，叙述清楚条里，信息表达清晰、完整，意思连贯。要学以致用。像First, Secondly, Thirdly, Finally表示顺序的词，使文章表达更清楚条里。（1）学习中注意总结，牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富有条理。（2）列好提纲和要点及需要的重要短语或句型。（3）切忌堆砌词语、句子，注意运用适当的连词使句子流畅、连贯。注意表达的顺序。 （4）注意书写的规范：大小写、标点符号等的正确运用。 （5）注意检查：单词拼写、语法、动词时态、语序、主谓一致等。写作六步法：1.审题：文体，时态，人称。2.抓住要点：要点是否齐全，适当补充。3.扩充句子：通过增加状语，定语，连词，使句子意思饱满充实。4.连句成文，合理使用连词。5.改正错误：拼写是否错误，语法时态是否正确，连词是否恰当等。6.誊写作文：注意书写工整美观整洁。
题组A 基础过关练
A
假设你是李华，上个月你回到了家乡，发现变化很大。请根据以下提示写一篇题为“Changes in My Hometown”的短文。提示如下：
1.我的家乡过去是个安静的小镇，山清水秀，空气清新。人们骑自行车或步行出行。
2.现在我的家乡已变成一个现代化的城镇，已建起座座高楼，处处可见宽阔的马路。我们住的小区门口有许多公交车经过，很多人都已买了私家车，出行很方便。
3.但是，家乡的变化也给我们带来了许多麻烦，例如：……
4.你的想法是：……
Changes in My Hometown
When I returned to my hometown last month, I found it changed a lot. _____________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】
Changes in My Hometown
When I returned to my hometown last month, I found it had changed a lot.
My hometown used to be a quiet small town. There were green hills and clean water. The air was fresh. People went around by bike or on foot. But now it has become a modern town. There are many tall buildings and you can see wide roads everywhere. Many buses drive past our community every day. And many people have bought their own cars, so it’s easy to travel around. However, the changes in my hometown have also brought us a lot of trouble. For example, the water is not as clean as before. I think we should work together to make our environment much better.
【详解】
1.题干解读：这是描写“家乡变化”为话题的写作，结合话题内容，要求介绍家乡的变化。
2.写作指导：根据内容可能会用到过去时态（used to do 过去常常）和一般现在时。要把家乡过去的状况与现在的变化有条理地表达出来，注意一些常见句式的应用，注意把握时态与人称。还要注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系，最后注意要表达自己的观点和想法。
B
请你写一篇作文，描述你的家乡近几十年的变化。请从马路、住房条件、交通设施等方面进行描述。词数80左右。
内容提示：
1.过去，我的家乡是一个贫穷的小镇，道路又窄又脏，到处都是垃圾，人们住在又旧又小的平房里，出行只能靠步行或骑骑行车；
2.然而，在过去的三十年中，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化，马路已经变得宽阔整洁，道路两边高楼林立，大多数人已搬进了社区，住进了现代化的公寓，出行坐公交车或打出租车，很多人买了小汽车。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
My hometown used to be a poor and small town. The roads were narrow and dirty. There was rubbish everywhere. People lived in old and small houses. They could only travel on foot or by bike.
However, great changes have taken place in the past thirty years. The roads have become wide and clean with tall buildings on both sides. Most people have moved into the community and have lived in modern flats. Now they can go round by bus or taxi, and many people have their own cars.
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题目属于材料作文写作，要求按照所给的要点提示写一篇短文，描述我的家乡近几十年的变化。注意写作时要点要齐全，同时也可进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第三人称来叙述；时态采用一般过去时和现在完成时；写作时，注意承接上文，根据要点提示具体描述我的家乡近几十年在马路、住房条件、交通设施等方面的变化；文中一定要包含题干中列出的所有要点；可以运用一些短语和常用句型为文章增添色彩；注意单词书写的准确度，语法运用的准确度，上下文注意连接的流畅度，以及逻辑合理。
C
假设你是林涛，上个月回到了家乡，发现家乡变化很大。请根据以下提示写一篇题为"Changes in My Hometown"的短文，词数100左右，提示如下：
1．我的家乡过去是个安静的小镇，山清水秀，空气清新。人们骑自行车或走路出行；
2．现在已变成了现代化城镇，建起座座高楼，有很多宽阔的马路。我们住的小区门口有许多公交车经过，很多人都已买了私家车，出行很方便；
3．但是，这些变化也给我们带来了许多问题，例如：……
4．我的想法是……
Changes in My Hometown
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
I'm Lin Tao.Last month I went back to my hometown.Great changes have taken place in my hometown. My hometown used to be a quiet small town There were green hills and clean water. The air was fresh. People went around by bike or on foot. But now it has become a modern town. There are many tall buildings and you can see wide roads everywhere. Many buses drive past our community every day. And many people have bought their own cars,so it's easy to travel around. However,the changes of my hometown have also brought us a lot of trouble. For example,the water is not as clean as before. I think we should work together to make our environment much better.
【详解】
这是一篇给材料作文。假设你是林涛，上个月回到了家乡，发现家乡变化很大。要求以"Changes in My Hometown"为题，根据提示材料写一篇短文。首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合逻辑关系；要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。
题组B 培优拔尖练
请根据以下内容提示，写一篇题目为“Saving the Environment”的英语短文。
要点：
1.在过去的几年里我们国家变化很大。带来了不少收益，但是也导致了很多严重的问题。
2.空气污染——空气不清新
水污染——人们把废水倒进河流和湖泊里，水变脏
噪音污染——一些人只能从城市搬走
乱伐树木，乱扔垃圾等……
3.提出自己的合理化建议（至少2条）。
要求：
1.包括以上要点，不需要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；
2.表达清楚，语法正确；
3.词数80左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Saving the Environment
Great changes have taken place in many places during the past few years. The changes have brought many benefits, and have also caused a lot of serious problems.
There is air pollution everywhere. Factories let out their waste gas without doing anything to it. The air is not clean any more. Some people pour the waste water into the rivers and lakes directly and the water is dirty now. Besides, people cut down too many trees and leave rubbish here and there.
What shall we do to save the environment My suggestion is that we must stop people from dumping the waste into the air and the water. And also we should plant more trees. Everyone should do something to protect the environment.
【解析】
【详解】
文章的主要的框架已经给出来了，考生要在两个大要点的提示之下进行扩充，；人们的环境保护意识淡薄等；在个人观点方面要呼吁加强环境保护方面的教育，加强立法。个人做法方面力求从小事做起，关注身边的污染行为并与之做斗争。写作的时候要注意使用高级的词汇和句型，给文章添加文采。(共31张PPT)
Past and present
牛津译林版 八年级下册
Unit 1
Study skills & Task
Study skills
& Task
Tasks：Writing
1. To learn the skills of writing for describing something.
2. To learn the skills of translation.
3. To learn how to express “有” in English.
4. To recite the composition.
Part 1
Facts and opinions
Beijing is the capital of China. (Fact)
Beijing is the best city in the world. (Opinion)
Many changes have taken place in my hometown. (Fact)
The new shopping mall is a good place to have fun. (Opinion)
有些单词像think, believe, feel, bad, good, terrible,beautiful等常表示观点。
My hometown is beautiful. There are green hills all around.
A river runs through the centre of town.
I have moved to a new school this term. l do not know the school very well andl have no friends here. I feel unhappy these days.
When we write, we can use facts to support our opinions. We can also give facts first, and then state our opinions.
Part 2
New Words
open space n. 开阔的空地
Words
Meaning
Usage
Forms
be/get used to习惯于，适应于
narrow adj. 狭窄的
我从出生起就住在这里。
Translation
Translation
英译中
I’ve lived here since I was born.
主谓
地
2. 表达顺序：主时方谓宾地（谓宾在后）
1. 先在引导词/介词/连词前划分
时
I have lived here since I was born.
Translation
Translation
中译英
我从出生起就住在这里。
主
2. 再调整为英文主谓宾方地时
1. 先找中文句子主谓宾方地时
地
时
谓
主
谓
地
时
（谓:动词，方：方式,方法，修饰动词）
6
Writing
Changes in my hometown
Environment
Life
Transport
narrow and dirty roads;
rubbish everywhere;
large open Spaces
small old houses;
listen to the radio or watch TV
on foot or by bicycle
wide and clean streets;
green trees on both sides;
shops and tall buildings
new flats;
computers and the Internet;
mobile phones
by bus or taxi;
have own cars
谓宾
主语
＋
6
Writing
Changes in my hometown
Environment
Life
Transport
narrow and dirty roads;
rubbish everywhere;
large open Spaces
small old houses;
listen to the radio or watch TV
on foot or by bicycle
wide and clean streets;
green trees on both sides;
shops and tall buildings
new flats;
computers and the Internet;
mobile phones
by bus or taxi;
have own cars
方式
主谓
＋
Writing
Changes in my hometown
Environment
Life
Transport
narrow and dirty roads;
rubbish everywhere;
large open Spaces
small old houses;
listen to the radio or watch TV
on foot or by bicycle
wide and clean streets;
green trees on both sides;
shops and tall buildings
new flats;
computers and the Internet;
mobile phones
by bus or taxi;
have own cars
表语
(地)
主语
系
＋
＋
＋
... has changed a lot over the years.
Many changes have taken place in ....
There were only ... in the past, but now....
People used to ....
The government has built .....
Many families have their own ..
People are enjoying a .. . life.
Writing
Facts
Opinion
Topic
Many changes have taken place in Moonlight Town over the years.
In the past, there were only narrow and dirty roads in the small town. There was rubbish everywhere. But now the streets are wide and clean, with many green trees on both sides. The government has also built shops and tall buildings in some large open spaces.
Years ago, people lived in small old houses. Now most of them have moved into new flats. They used to listen to the radio or watch TV in their free time, but now most families have computers and the Internet. Moreover, mobile phones make communication easier now.
In the past, people travelled around the town on foot or by bicycle, but now they can go around by bus or taxi. Many families even have their own cars.
Now people are enjoying a comfortable life.
Writing
Facts
Opinion
Part 3
Many changes have taken place in Moonlight Town over the years.
In the past, there were only narrow and dirty roads in the small town. There was rubbish everywhere. But now the streets are wide and clean, with many green trees on both sides. The government has also built shops and tall buildings in some large open spaces.
主
谓
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Many changes have taken place in Moonlight Town over the years.
In the past, there were only narrow and dirty roads in the small town. There was rubbish everywhere. But now the streets are wide and clean, with many green trees on both sides. The government has also built shops and tall buildings in some large open spaces.
表示“有”，可以用there be 句型, there 作形式主语
伴随状语，表示街道两边有(with)很多树
Years ago, people lived in small old houses. Now most of them have moved into new flats. They used to listen to the radio or watch TV in their free time, but now most families have computers and the Internet. Moreover, mobile phones make communication easier now.
时
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宾 宾补
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主
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状
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In the past, people travelled around the town on foot or by bicycle, but now they can go around by bus or taxi. Many families even have their own cars.
Now people are enjoying a comfortable life.
时
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主
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谓
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地
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方
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方
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Tips：
1. 常用句子成分：主谓宾表状，方地时属于状语
2. 宾语还可具体划分为：宾语补足语，直接宾语和间接宾语
3. 时间还可以放在句首
4. 表示地方地点的单词，还要看是否在句中主语，这时候不是 地点状语
Part 4
Now the streets are wide and clean
Translation
Translation
中译英
现在街道又宽又干净
主
2. 找不到动词，加be动词
1. 先找中文句子主谓宾方地时
时
表
主
系
表
时
可放前面
系动词包括be动词和感官动词
特指be动词后的形容词或(冠词)名词
In the past, there were only narrow and dirty roads in the small town. There was rubbish everywhere. But now the streets are wide and clean, with many green trees on both sides.
表示“有”
1、 there be 句型，there 作形式主语，和there be 组成“有”，主 要指某地方有
2、with，作状语，修饰名词，可指人也可指物
3、have，作谓语，主语是人
这些年来，月光镇发生了许多变化。
在过去，小镇上只有狭窄肮脏的道路。到处都是垃圾。但是
现在街道又宽又干净，两边都有许多绿树。政府还在一些大的空地上建造了商店和高层建筑。
时
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地
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谓
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主
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there be系
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真主
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地
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时
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系
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主
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地
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时
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主
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表
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with
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主
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谓
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宾
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地
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地
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系
Many changes have taken place in Moonlight Town over the years.
In the past, there were only narrow and dirty roads in the small town.
There was rubbish everywhere.
But now the streets are wide and clean, with many green trees on both sides.
The government has also built shops and tall buildings in some large open spaces.
多年前，人们住在小而旧的房子里。现在他们中的大多数人都搬进了新公寓。他们过去在空闲时间听收音机或看电视，但现在大多数家庭都有电脑和互联网。此外，现在移动电话使通信更容易。
Years ago, people lived in small old houses.
Now most of them have moved
into new flats.
They used to listen to the radio or watch TV in their free time,
but now most families have computers and the Internet.
Moreover, mobile
phones make communication easier now.
过去，人们步行或骑自行车在城里旅行，但现在他们可以乘公共汽车或出租车。许多家庭甚至拥有自己的汽车。
现在人们享受着舒适的生活。
In the past, people travelled around the town on foot or by bicycle, but now
they can go around by bus or taxi.
Many families even have their own cars.
Now people are enjoying a comfortable life.
Part 5
be/get used to doing sth 习惯于，适应于做某事
narrow adj. 狭窄的
open space n. 开阔的空地
Words
Meaning
Usage
Forms
Revision
常用句子成分 主谓宾状，主系表
表示“有”的三种表达 there be, with, have
时间在句中的位置 句首或句尾
表语是什么 be动词后的形容词，或(冠词)名词
中文句子找不到动词怎么办 加be动词试试
有哪些单词表示Opinion think, believe, feel, bad, good, terrible,beautiful等
Words
Meaning
Usage
Forms
Revision
Have a
good day
See you~！英语（八年级下册）
Unit 1 Past and present
Study skills
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. understand the differences between facts and opinions;
2. grasp the ways to state opinions;
3. use facts to support our opinions.
II. Teaching contents
New phrases: be/get used to, on my own
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. To learn to how to state opinions.
2. To learn to use facts to support opinions.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Lead-in
Free talk
T: Look at the picture. What’s the weather like Yes, it’s snowing. That’s a fact.
What do you think of the snowy day You think it’s a nice day, but I feel very cold. So that’s your opinion.
T: “It’s snowing” is a fact. “It’s a nice day” is an opinion. Today we are going to learn “Facts and opinions”.
【设计意图：通过谈论天气和感受，简明扼要地引出本课的主题。】
Step 2 Presentation
1. Changes in Starlight Town
T: Look at the picture about Starlight Town and answer the following questions.
(1) What has changed in Starlight Town
environment/transport/living condition
(2) What do you think of Starlight Town
T: The answers to Question 1 are all facts about the changes in Starlight Town.
Your feelings about Starlight Town are opinions.
2. Group discussion
(1) What is a fact
(2) What is an opinion
T: Facts are true statements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. They may not be true.
3. Facts or opinions
T: Look at the sentences on the screen and decide whether it is a fact or an opinion.
T: Sentences that show opinions we often use verbs like feel, believe and think or have adjectives like good, bad and terrible.
T: Finish Part A. Read the sentences below. Write an F for a fact or an O for an opinion.
【设计意图：通过回顾星光镇的变化，引导学生理解什么是事实，什么是观点。接着通过小组讨论，明确事实和观点的定义并举例说明。让学生能准确区分事实和观点，并了解表达观点的常用方式。】
Step 3 Presentation
1. Work out the rule (I)
Talk about my hometown. Encourage students to give facts and state opinions by asking the following questions:
(1) What can you see
(2) What do you think of my hometown
T: When we write, we can use facts to support our opinions. We can also give facts first, and then state our opinions.
【设计意图：通过图片创设情境，引导学生正确运用本课的学习策略来谈论家乡的变化。】
2. Work out the rule (II)
T: Read Millie’s interview with Mr Chen and discuss how Mr Chen gives facts and states his opinions.
T: Sometimes facts and opinions may be mixed together when we write.
【设计意图：利用本单元Reading部分的资源，引导学生进一步拓展运用本课的学习策略。】
Step 4 Practice
1. Finish Part B
T: Read Part B and decide which are opinions and which are facts.
2. Language points
(1) get/be used to
(2) on one’s own
3. Reorganize sentences into a passage
T: Work in pairs and reorganize Millie’s sentences into a short passage. Then report in class.
4. Group work
(1) Find more opinions in this unit and make a list.
(2) Then find facts to support these opinions.
5. Writing
T: Suppose you’ve moved to a new school. Please write about the changes in your life and state your opinions.
【设计意图：通过创设情境，让学生进一步运用本课的学习策略来谈论生活中的变化。】
V. Homework
Write about other changes in your life. Remember to use the facts to support your opinions.英语（八年级下册）
Unit 1 Past and present
Task
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. describe the details of two different pictures;
2. organize ideas by using a fact file before writing;
3. write a report on the changes in their hometown;
4. know how to improve their writing.
II. Teaching contents
1. New words and phrases: open space, narrow and dirty roads, in their free time
2. New structure: ... has changed a lot over the years.
Many changes have taken place in ...
People are enjoying a ... life.
There were only ... in the past, but now ...
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. To learn the steps of writing a report.
2. To write a report and improve the writing.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Before-writing
1. Lead-in
T: Great changes have taken place in our hometown. I’m really happy to see that. Let’s write a report on the changes in our hometown. Do you know how to write a good report
【设计意图：通过创设情境，明确本课的写作任务，激发学生的写作欲望。】
2. Changes in Moonlight Town
T: Amy plans to write about the changes in Moonlight Town. She has an old picture and a recent picture of the town.
T: Look at the pictures carefully and let’s talk about the changes in Moonlight Town.
Environment/life/transport
Useful expressions
In the past, there were … People used to ... But now there are … The government has built ...
Group 1: Talk about how things looked in the past.
Group 2: Talk about how things look at present.
【设计意图：通过对比月光镇过去和现在的图片，引导学生从环境、生活和交通等不同方面描绘月光镇的变化，为接下来的正式写作准备语言素材。】
Step 2 While-writing
1. Make a fact file to organize ideas
T: We have got lots of useful information about Moonlight Town. We can make a fact file to organize ideas.
T: Amy organized her ideas by using a fact file. Let’s help her fill in the blanks.
Topic
Facts Past Present
Environment
Life
Transport
opinion
【设计意图：告诉学生可以利用表格组织写作思路，并且记得在陈述完变化之后，表达自己的观点，注意运用Study skills课时的学习策略。】
2. Complete Part C
T: Amy is writing her report on the changes in Moonlight Town. Please help her complete her report using the fact file.
3. The structure of Amy’s report
Paragraph 1: Introduction
Paragraphs 2-4: Main body
Paragraph 5: Conclusion
【设计意图：通过分析范文的段落结构，让学生明白一份完整的报告的构成。】
4. Useful expressions
Introduction: Many changes have taken place in ...
... has changed a lot over the years.
Main body: In the past, there were only ..., but now ...
Years ago, people lived .... Now people have moved ...
People used to ..., but now ...
Conclusion: People are enjoying a ... life.
In a word, life in ... is better now than before.
【设计意图：分段研读范文，逐层赏析文章的遣词造句，为下一环节的写作提供素材和范例。】
5. How to write a good report
(1) Get useful information.
(2) Find an old picture and a recent picture of your hometown. Find the differences between them.
(3) Organize ideas by making a fact file.
(4) Make an outline before writing.
(5) Write a report, using Amy’s article as a model.
【设计意图：向学生展示写好一篇报告的五个基本步骤，帮助他们明确按步骤写作的理念。】
6. How to improve the report
T: Li Hua has written a report on the changes in Yangzhou. Let’s help him improve his writing.
(1) Li Hua’s fact file
T: Here’s Li Hua’s fact file. It’s helpful to organize the ideas before writing.
(2) Li Hua’s report
T: Does Li Hua’s report have a clear structure I don’t think so. His report only has the main body. He should add an introduction and his opinion.
Some parts need rewriting. We should add more details, put sentences into the right order, use correct tenses and choose proper expressions.
【设计意图：巧设情境，过渡到如何修改习作，说明修改原因，并给出一些提示，以此启发并鼓励学生修改自己的习作，帮助学生提升写作技能。】
7. Writing
T: Write a report on the changes in your hometown.
Step 3 Post-writing
1. Group work
T: Work in groups and assess the reports.
2. Improve the writing
T: Try to improve your writing, using the skills you’ve just learnt.
【设计意图：根据评价要求进行小组评价，然后独立修改。】
Step 4 Conclusion
T: Our hometown has become a modern city. People are living a happy life. Let’s work together to make our hometown a better place.
【设计意图：激发学生热爱家乡的情感，从而使学生产生将家乡建设得更美好的愿望。】
V. Homework
1. Improve your writing.
2. Make a poster on the changes in your hometown.

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