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沪外教英语七下Unit5语法讲解及习题
现在进行时（Present continuous）
一、核心语法讲解
本单元核心语法为现在进行时（Present continuous tense），用于描述“正在发生的动作、短暂持续的行为或正在变化发展的状态”，贴合“体育与体育精神”的现场报道、赛事描述场景，具体解析如下：
（一）核心定义与结构
现在进行时由 be动词（am/is/are）+ 动词-ing形式 构成，核心含义：
此刻正在进行的动作（如现场直播、当下正在做的事）
现阶段短暂持续的动作（不一定此刻正在做，但近期在进行）
逐渐变化/发展的状态（如技能提升、情况改变）
动词-ing变化规则
单词类型 变化规则 例词
一般情况 直接加 -ing play → playing, cheer → cheering
以不发音e结尾 去e加 -ing come → coming, take → taking
重读闭音节（元音+辅音结尾） 双写末尾辅音加 -ing run → running, lie → lying（特殊变化）
以ie结尾 变ie为y加 -ing die → dying, lie → lying
（二）核心用法与例句
用法1：此刻正在进行的动作（现场报道常用）
结构：主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing + 其他
标志词：now, right now, at the moment, look, listen
例句：
Look! The players are shaking hands to show good sportsmanship.（看！选手们正在握手以示体育精神。）
The badminton star is leading 15-12 in the final match right now.（这位羽毛球明星在决赛中暂时以15-12领先。）
Listen! The crowd is cheering for the fair play.（听！观众正在为公平竞赛欢呼。）
用法2：现阶段短暂持续的动作
结构：主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing + 其他
标志词：these days, this week, recently
例句：
The athletes are preparing for the Olympic Games these days.（运动员们这些天正在为奥运会做准备。）
She is practising volleyball every weekend to improve her skills.（她这阵子每周都练排球提升技术。）
用法3：逐渐变化/发展的状态
结构：主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing + 其他
常用动词：improve, change, grow, get, become
例句：
The girls’ volleyball skills are improving quickly thanks to hard work.（得益于刻苦训练，女孩们的排球技术正在快速提升。）
The score is changing—the underdog team is catching up!（比分正在变化，弱势队伍正在追分！）
（三）现在进行时 vs 一般现在时（核心易错点）
时态 核心用法 标志词 例句
现在进行时 此刻/现阶段正在进行的动作 now, right now, at the moment, these days Look! They are playing volleyball now.（此刻正在打）
一般现在时 经常性/习惯性动作、客观事实 often, usually, always, every week They play volleyball every weekend.（习惯性动作）
错误：They are playing sports every weekend.
正确：They play sports every weekend.（every weekend表习惯，用一般现在时）
（四）句式结构汇总
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing He is running towards the finish line.
否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing He is not giving up.
一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing Is he carrying his bicycle
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词-ing What is he doing now
二、语法习题
题型一：动词-ing形式变化
写出下列动词的现在分词形式：
play → ____________
come → ____________
run → ____________
take → ____________
cheer → ____________
lie → ____________
improve → ____________
practise → ____________
write → ____________
swim → ____________
题型二：选词填空（用所给词的现在进行时形式填空）
Look! The two players ______________ (shake) hands to show good sportsmanship.
The athletes from different countries ______________ (prepare) for the match these days.
The score ______________ (change) quickly—our team is catching up!
Listen! The crowd ______________ (cheer) for the fair play.
The coach ______________ (talk) to the players right now.
The girls’ volleyball skills ______________ (improve) a lot recently.
The goalkeeper ______________ (lie) on the ground because he hurt his leg.
The reporter ______________ (describe) the exciting match live.
The cyclist ______________ (carry) his bicycle and ______________ (run) towards the finish line.
Everyone ______________ (wait) for the final result.
题型三：单句改错（每句1处错误）
They are play badminton in the park now.
_____________________________________________________________________
Lulu is practise passing the volleyball with her friends.
_____________________________________________________________________
The team are play football every Sunday.
_____________________________________________________________________
Look! He run towards the finish line.
_____________________________________________________________________
The skills are improve quickly with hard work.
_____________________________________________________________________
题型四：句型转换
The players are showing good sportsmanship.（改为否定句）
The crowd is cheering for the winner.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
The coach is talking to the team right now.（对划线部分提问）
The athletes are preparing for the Olympics.（对划线部分提问）
They play basketball every weekend.（改为现在进行时，加入now）
题型五：完成句子
看！运动员们正在向终点线冲刺。
Look! The athletes ______________ ______________ towards the finish line.
这些天，球员们正在刻苦训练提升球技。
These days, the players ______________ ______________ hard to improve their skills.
尽管比分落后，他们仍在互相鼓励，展现良好体育精神。
Although they are behind in the score, they ______________ still ______________ each other and showing good sportsmanship.
三、习题答案与解析
题型一：动词-ing形式变化
playing
coming
running
taking
cheering
lying
improving
practising
writing
swimming
题型二：选词填空
are shaking（解析：Look! 表此刻正在进行，主语复数用are）
are preparing（解析：these days表现阶段持续，主语复数用are）
is changing（解析：表状态变化，主语单数用is）
is cheering（解析：Listen! 表此刻正在进行，主语集合名词用is）
is talking（解析：right now表此刻，主语单数用is）
are improving（解析：表状态变化，主语复数用are）
is lying（解析：表此刻状态，主语单数用is，lie变lying）
is describing（解析：表现场报道正在进行，主语单数用is）
is carrying; is running（解析：表此刻正在进行的两个动作，主语单数用is）
is waiting（解析：everyone作主语视为单数，用is）
题型三：单句改错
play → playing（解析：现在进行时结构为be + -ing）
practise → practising（解析：同上，practise去e加-ing）
are play → play（解析：every Sunday表习惯，用一般现在时）
run → is running（解析：Look! 表此刻正在进行，用现在进行时）
improve → improving（解析：现在进行时结构为be + -ing）
题型四：句型转换
The players are not showing good sportsmanship.
Is the crowd cheering for the winner — Yes, it is.
When is the coach talking to the team
What are the athletes doing
They are playing basketball now.
题型五：完成句子
are rushing / are running
are training / are practising
are; encouraging

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