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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（单元测试A卷）英语人教版 八年级英语下册 （含答案解析 听力音频及原文）
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的签字笔或者钢笔将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一卷 （选择题，满分75分）
一、听力。（共20分）
1．What’s the highest mountain in the world
A． B． C．
2．Who is the speaker talking about
A． B． C．
3．Where does John probably work
A． B． C．
4．What would the boy like to be in the future
A． B． C．
5．Where does the river in the boy’s hometown start from
A． B． C．
6．How high is the Victoria Falls
A．100 metres high. B．200 metres high. C．300 metres high.
7．Who is more talented in sports
A．Mary. B．Tina. C．Alice.
8．What is Steven going to be in the future
A．An engineer. B．A scientist. C．A teacher.
9．Who swims fastest
A．Millie. B．Lucy. C．Lily.
10．How long is Park River
A．50 miles. B．80 miles. C．82 miles.
听第一段对话，回答下列小题。
11．How high is the waterfall
A．About 80 meters. B．About 110 meters. C．About 150 meters.
12．What does Gina stop Bill from doing
A．Swimming. B．Littering. C．Fishing.
听对话，回答以下各小题。
13．What do Lucy and Lily look like
A．Very different. B．Quite the same. C．Easy to tell.
14．Which one is Lily
A．The quieter one. B．The funnier one. C．The faller one.
15．Who bought the cap for Jim
A．His father. B．His mother. C．His uncle.
你将听到一篇短文，短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容，在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。
16．What do Englishmen like to eat every day
A．Carrots. B．Tomatoes. C．Potatoes.
17．What do they usually have for breakfast
A．Bread. B．Cakes. C．Hamburgers.
18．What kind of tea do they drink mostly
A．Green tea. B．Lemon tea. C．Black tea.
19．What do they like to have for their main meal
A．Eggs and chicken. B．Meat or fish with potatoes. C．Bread and milk.
20．What do they have after the main meal
A．Something sweet. B．Something cold. C．Something hot.
二、单项选择。（本题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）
21．—Learning a second language ________ ups and downs, and the key is never giving up.
—So it is with life, right
A．includes B．needs C．marks D．causes
22．—Is finishing the project just about working hard
—No, it’s not ________ about hard work; we also need smart methods.
A．mainly B．simply C．clearly D．exactly
23．—The bridge is too low for the big ship to pass.
—Don’t worry. We can wait until the water level is ________ the bridge.
A．below B．above C．under D．over
24．—Don’t forget to keep a safe ________ in public places when talking to others, Tony!
—OK, I won’t. It would be more polite and comfortable.
A．online chat B．daily diet C．personal space D．social distance
25．He was ________ tired ________ he couldn’t walk any further.
A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．enough; to
26．This park is ________ beautiful ________ that one. They are both very popular.
A．so; that B．as; as C．such; that D．too; to
27．This river is ________ than that one, but it’s not the longest in this area.
A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest
28．It is ________ to go into the deep caves without lights or guides.
A．easy B．safe C．funny D．dangerous
三、阅读（每小题2分，满分32分）
Maybe you have known much about the Amazon Rainforest, but there are some other forests in the world that play a significant role in keeping the balance of the earth’s ecosystem. Let’s take a look.
Tongass National Forest (TNF) —Found in Southeast Alaska and spreading (延伸) about 26,560 square miles, the Tongass National Forest is the largest national forest in the United States and the largest temperate rainforest in North America. That means it holds almost a third of the earth’s old-growth temperate rainforests, which are particularly important due to its high levels of stored carbon (碳) and energy.
Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest (XTR) — Located in Yunnan Province in Southwest China, Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest has been listed as an official UNESCO biosphere (生态圈) reserve since 1990. Spreading about 936 square miles, the forest supports (养育) a large number of rare and endangered species, including 90% of China’s entire wild Asian elephant population.
Daintree Rainforest (DR) —As one of the oldest forests in the world, Daintree Rainforest in Australia is believed to be over 135 million years old. At 463 square miles in size, Daintree Rainforest contains over half of the country’s bat and butterfly species, helping it serve as an important source of pollination for the rest of the region.
Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve (MCFR) —The 40-square-mile Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve is one of the most popular bird watching destinations in the world. Monteverde is also home to jaguars, pumas, several species of monkeys, and colourful red-eyed tree frogs.
29．What does the underlined word “significant” in Para.1 mean
A．Scientific. B．Important. C．Harmful. D．National.
30．Which of the following is TRUE
A．MCFR is famous for its old-growth temperate rainforests.
B．TNF is the largest rainforest in North America.
C．DR is over 135 million years old and home to most of Australia’s birds.
D．XTR protects 90% of China’s wild Asian elephants.
31．What’s the main purpose of the passage
A．To explain how rainforests help the ecosystem.
B．To advise people to visit these rainforests.
C．To compare the sizes of different rainforests.
D．To introduce some important rainforests besides the Amazon Rainforest.
People often think of the North Pole (北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen (冰冻的) wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not as similar as people may imagine.
The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 0℃. Most of the time, it stays below zero.
Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Matthew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on April 6th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.
There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic (北极圈 ) on foot. They may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place.
People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water (水道) called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes.
32．According to the passage, what happened about 100 years ago
A．Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole.
B．Temperatures in the North Pole went above 0℃.
C．The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse.
D．The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures.
33．What does the underlined word “uninhabited” probably mean in Chinese
A．气候恶劣的 B．充满危险的 C．困难重重的 D．无人居住的
34．Why does the ice break into two opening lanes of water
A．Because the temperature suddenly drops.
B．Because the water under the ice is frozen.
C．Because the ocean water under the ice moves.
D．Because the surface is covered with lots of ice.
35．What does this passage mainly talk about
A．The thick ice in the North Pole.
B．A difficult trip to the North Pole.
C．The real situation in the North Pole.
D．The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole.
According to scientists, a lake with a round shape is very common. However, Kingsley Lake in Florida, the USA, makes them very surprised.
Kingsley Lake is one of the best fishing places in Florida, but few people know what really makes this place special. It’s an unusually round shape. The lake is considered the roundest lake in the world. In fact, we can only see how round the lake is from the air.
What caused Kingsley Lake to have this special shape Some people think human beings have changed the structure (结构) of Kingsley Lake so that it is unusually round. However, in fact, this lake is completely free from human activities. It is believed to have formed naturally. It also appears that the lake is the result of the movement of rocks, which gave the present shape of Kingsley Lake.
Kingsley Lake has a diameter of about 3.2 kilometres. It is 53.7 metres above sea level, which makes Kingsley Lake one of the highest lakes in Florida. Kingsley Lake is about 27.4 metres deep and it is also considered one of Florida’s deepest lakes.
According to the survey, Kingsley Lake has an unchanging water level because of its surface drainage (排水) system. This system helps the floodwater easily run from the lake to the areas around. What’s more, the lake has many shallow (浅的) water areas, so it can be filled with water again in no time, creating the balance (平衡) of the water in the lake.
Kingsley Lake is now a famous tourist destination in the summer. Each year, it attracts about 120,000 tourists. It also provides a home for a lot of endangered animals.
36．Why do scientists feel surprised when they see Kingsley Lake
A．Because it looks so beautiful.
B．Because it is a good fishing place.
C．Because it is a tourist destination.
D．Because it has quite a round shape.
37．What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The possible reason why Kingsley Lake is unusually round.
B．The influence which human activities have caused.
C．The present shape is given by the movement of rocks.
D．The details people must know about Kingsley Lake.
38．Which of the following is TRUE about Kingsley Lake
A．It’s a natural lake.
B．It’s a man-made lake.
C．It’s the world’s deepest lake.
D．It’s the highest lake in the USA．
39．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To introduce a lake with a special shape.
B．To call on more people to protect the lake.
C．To attract more tourists to Kingsley Lake.
D．To describe the beauty of Kingsley Lake.
There are many natural wonders in the world, and here are some of them.
Fossilized (化石的) footprints (脚印)
About 11, 000 years ago, some ancient humans went for a walk in Africa. They left more than 400 footprints, which became fossils. It’s the largest collection of ancient African footprints ever found. 40 And they have learned more about the people who left them. Scientists found the footprints of 17 people who probably walked together. The footprints were all traveling at the same speed. From the size of the footprints, scientists thought the group was mostly adult women. 41
Snakes stay together
Can snakes be friends Some scientists recently found the answer by closely watching 40 young garter snakes (束带蛇). These small snakes are common in North America. Scientists divided the snakes into 10 groups. Then they put each group into a small space together for eight days.
42 Each snake liked to stay together with certain snakes more than others. Even when scientists moved them around, the snakes often went back to their same friends. “Snakes are known for being unfriendly but it’s not always true,” scientists said.
How koalas get water
All living things need water. But they get it in different ways. You drink water from a glass. Plants take it in with their roots（根）. 43 But scientists have found that koalas have another way to get water: they lick (舔) trees.
After the rainstorm, water could drop down from the tree trunks. 44 One koala was so thirsty that it kept licking a wet trunk more than 30 minutes without stopping.
A．Scientists have studied all the footprints.
B．They found that snakes do seem to have friends.
C．They may have been out gathering food together.
D．Koalas are animals that only live in Australia.
E．Koalas get water from eucalyptus (桉树) leaves they eat.
F．Some koalas got the running water while they sat in the trees.
G．Most snakes are harmful, so we must stay away from them.
四、完形填空。（本题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
Old Mr. Brown had a large garden. He loved flowers, but he hated stones. Every weekend, he would walk around and 45 any stones he saw, throwing them far away into the woods. He wanted his garden to be perfectly smooth and green.
One day, his grandson, Leo, came to visit. Leo liked collecting strange things. While playing in the corner of the garden, he found a dull, grey stone half-buried in the soil. Unlike his grandfather, Leo didn’t throw it away. He 46 it up, washed it with water, and put it in his pocket.
“Grandpa, look at this stone! It feels heavy,” Leo said.
Mr. Brown glanced at it and laughed. “It’s just a 47 rock, Leo. Throw it away. It’s useless.”
But Leo kept it. He took it home and rubbed it with a soft cloth every day. Weeks later, the dull grey surface began to 48 . Under the grey dirt, a shiny, blue light appeared.
Leo ran to show it to a jeweler (珠宝商). The jeweler looked at it through a glass and his eyes widened. “Where did you 49 this ” he asked excitedly. “This is not a common stone. It’s a rare sapphire (蓝宝石)! It must have been underground for millions of years.”
Leo told his grandfather the news. Mr. Brown was 50 . He remembered seeing many such stones in his garden. “I thought they were just troubles,” he sighed. “I 51 them all without thinking.”
Yes, in our lives, we often act like Mr. Brown. We might 52 people or ideas that seem ordinary or rough on the outside. We judge them too quickly and push them away before we see their true 53 . Just like the stone, some people need time and care to 54 their inner beauty. Don’t be too quick to throw away what you don’t understand. Give everything a chance to shine.
45．A．plant B．collect C．remove D．hide
46．A．picked B．kicked C．broke D．left
47．A．valuable B．common C．magical D．soft
48．A．crack B．disappear C．change D．melt
49．A．buy B．make C．find D．steal
50．A．angry B．shocked C．bored D．tired
51．A．saved B．admired C．threw D．painted
52．A．miss B．help C．trust D．follow
53．A．size B．weight C．color D．value
54．A．show B．lose C．cover D．forget
第二卷 （非选择题，满分45分）
五、完成句子。（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
55．这个洞穴深达100米。
The cave is 100 meters ________ ________.
56．许多野生动物正处于危险之中。
Many wild animals are ________ ________.
57．我们应该采取措施保护环境。
We should ________ ________ to protect the environment.
58．为了省点钱而买最便宜的电脑是没有意义的。
It doesn’t ________ ________ to buy the cheapest computer just to save a little money.
59．这些植物在沙漠中很难存活。
It’s difficult for these plants ________ ________ in the desert.
六、短文填空。（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
William Shakespeare was born more than 450 years ago. He is widely thought to be one of the g 60 writers in history. Even today, his plays and poems are still inspiring many artists around the world. H 61 , his language is very old-fashioned. Words and sentences in his works are not s 62 enough for us to follow, because his time was so different from ours. This big difference has started an important d 63 : To update (更新) or not to update Shakespeare’s works
Some people think updating Shakespeare’s works is n 64 . They say Shakespeare’s plays are great, but what is the point if they cannot be u 65 by most people today So many talented modern writers have rewritten Shakespeare’s plays in the way people speak today. This makes them clearer for today’s readers. At the same time, readers would still get as much p 66 from the plays.
But other people don’t a 67 with them. They think Shakespeare’s works are beautiful and will never be out of date. His special way of using words makes the stories more interesting. The richness of the language and the playful use of words should be celebrated. There are good reasons w 68 the plays are still being performed today. Many of Shakespeare’s expressions are still used, for example, “All that glitters(发光) isn’t g 69 .” His works tell us what it means to be human. Topics such as love, kindness and friendship are always important, no matter which century we live in.
So, what’s your opinion Should we update Shakespeare’s works to make them easier, or keep them original to respect his genius
七、任务型阅读。（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
It’s a huge and beautiful wetland. Here, you can see green reeds (芦苇) wave under the blue sky. You can smell the fresh smell of the water plants. Welcome to the Poyang Lake Wetland!
The name “Poyang Lake” is well-known in China. It’s located in Jiangxi Province. Poyang Lake Wetland is one of the largest freshwater wetlands in Asia. It provides a habitat (栖息地) for a large number of wild animals and plants.
Every year, many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities come here. They wear wide-brimmed (宽边的) hats, long boots and carry telescopes. Boats are their tools for exploring.
The temperature there is changeable. It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter. In summer, the water level may rise a lot.
There are various birds in the wetland. Not all birds can stay here all year round, although you can see some swans. Swans have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather. They’re very elegant (优美的) and make a beautiful scene in the wetland. People call Poyang Lake Wetland “the Paradise (天堂) of Birds”.
There are also many fish in the lake. The wetland’s water is rich in nutrients (营养物), which helps the fish to grow healthily.
70．What can you see and smell in the Poyang Lake Wetland
71．Who comes here every year
72．What’s the changeable temperature here like
73．Why can swans stay here all year round
74．Why are there many fish in the lake
八、书面表达。（共15分）
75．“读万卷书，行万里路”。自然景观蕴含着独特的魅力，值得我们去了解和欣赏。假如你是李华，请根据以下提示问题，写一篇英语短文介绍一处著名的自然景观。
Which natural wonder will you introduce
What makes it special
Why is it so popular among people
Please write more about it.
注意：文中不得透露个人真实信息，词数100词左右 (开头已给出的词不计入总词数)。
Our country is home to natural wonders, each with its own beauty.
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《Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（单元测试A卷）英语人教版 八年级英语下册 （含答案解析 听力音频及原文）》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A B B B A A A B A C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B C B B C C A C B A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A B A D B B B D B D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D A D C C D A A A A
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 C B E F C A B C C B
题号 51 52 53 54
答案 C A D A
1．A
【原文】A: What’s the highest mountain in the world
B: Qomolangma.
2．B
【原文】This football coach is strict with his players.
3．B
【原文】A: Do you work at a TV station, John
B: No, I’m a policeman. But my parents would like me to be an engineer.
4．B
【原文】A: I want to be a doctor when I grow up. What about you
B: Being a pilot is always my dream.
Question: What would the boy like to be in the future
5．A
【原文】W: Where does the river in your hometown start
M: It starts from a mountain in the north of China.
6．A
【原文】M: Do you know the height of Victoria Falls
W: According to the report, it’s about 100 metres high.
7．A
【原文】A: Is Mary your best friend, Tina
B: Yes. We have a lot in common. But Mary is more talented in sports than me.
8．B
【原文】A: How hard you are studying, Steven!
B: Yeah, our teacher said I will achieve my dream to be a scientist if I work hard.
9．A
【原文】A: They say Lucy swims very fast, but I think Lily swims faster.
B: You’re right, but Millie swims much faster than Lily.
10．C
【原文】M: How long this river is!
W: No, it’s only fifty miles! Park River near Green Mountain is thirty-two miles longer than it.
11．B 12．C
【原文】A: What a beautiful place, Gina. Look at the lake and the mountains.
B: And the waterfall Bill. This waterfall is about one hundred and ten meters high.
A: It looks great. Look at the fish in the lake. I want to fish here.
B: Don’t do that! The lake is home to them.
13．B 14．B 15．C
【原文】M: Hi, Lily. How are you
W: Hi Jim. I am very well. But I am Lucy.
M: Oh sorry. To be honest, you look the same. It’s hard for me to recognize you and your sister Lily.
W: I am a little quieter than her. And she is funnier than me.
M: I see. Who is taller
W: I am a little taller. You look really cool wearing this cap.
M: Thanks. My uncle just bought it for me last week.
Question : What do Lucy and Lily look like
Question: Which one is Lily
Question : Who bought the cap for Jim
16．C 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A
【原文】
The food in Britain is different from our Chinese food. Englishmen eat a lot of potatoes every day, and they usually eat some bread for breakfast. They eat bread with butter or cheese, which we don’t eat much in China. They drink a lot of milk, and they put milk and sugar in their tea. They like Chinese tea, but they drink mostly strong black tea from India. They don’t eat much rice like us. For their main meal, they like meat or fish with potatoes. After the main meal, they always have something sweet.
21．A
【详解】句意：——学习第二语言包含起起落落，关键在于永不放弃。——生活也是如此，对吧？
考查动词辨析。includes包含；needs需要；marks标记；causes引起。根据“Learning a second language...ups and downs”可知，学习第二语言的过程“包含”起伏，强调其中存在ups and downs（起起落落）这一部分，故选A。
22．B
【详解】句意：——完成这个项目仅仅是努力工作吗？——不，它不仅仅是关于努力工作；我们还需要聪明的方法。
mainly主要地；simply仅仅，只是；clearly清楚地；exactly确切地。根据it’s not...about hard work; we also need smart methods.”可知，答语否定了“仅仅是努力工作”，强调还需要聪明方法，因此空格处应表示“仅仅、只是”的含义，应填simply。
23．A
【详解】句意：——这座桥太低了，大船无法通过。——别担心。我们可以等到水位低于桥的时候。
below在……下方，位置低于；above在……上方，位置高于，不接触；under在……正下方，垂直下方；over在……上方，越过、覆盖或高于。根据“The bridge is too low for the big ship to pass.”可知，要让大船通过，需要让船的高度低于桥底，因此需要等待水位下降到桥的下方，这样船才能从桥下顺利通过。故选A。
24．D
【详解】句意：——在公共场所与他人交谈时，别忘了保持安全的社交距离，托尼！——好的，我不会忘的。这样会更礼貌、更舒适。
考查名词短语。online chat在线聊天；daily diet日常饮食；personal space个人空间；social distance社交距离。根据“It would be more polite and comfortable.”可知，此处强调在公共场合应保持“社交距离”，与“safe（安全的）”搭配也符合现实防疫或社交礼仪常识。故选D。
25．B
【详解】句意：他如此累，以至于不能再走更远了。
考查连词辨析。too...to...太……而不能……；so...that... 如此……以至于……；such...that... 如此……以至于……（such后接名词或名词短语）；enough...to... 足够……去做……。根据句子结构，空格后是“he couldn’t walk any further”，这是一个完整的从句，需用“so...that...”或“such...that...”引导结果状语从句。由于tired是形容词，应用“so...that...”结构。故选B。
26．B
【详解】句意：这个公园和那个公园一样漂亮。它们都非常受欢迎。
考查形容词的同级比较及固定句式。so…that…如此……以至于……，that后接从句；as…as…和……一样……，中间接形容词或副词原级；such…that…如此……以至于……，such后紧跟名词短语；too…to…太……而不能……，to后接动词原形。根据“They are both very popular.”可知，两个公园都非常受欢迎，此处指这个公园和那个公园一样漂亮，应用“as…as…”进行同级比较。故选B。
27．B
【详解】句意：这条河比那条河更长，但它不是这个地区最长的。
考查形容词比较级。long长的；longer更长的；longest最长的；the longest最长的。句中“than”提示此处需用比较级，且后半句提到“不是最长的”，进一步确认空格处应为比较级形式。故选B。
28．D
【详解】句意：没有照明或向导进入深洞是危险的。
考查形容词辨析。easy 容易的；safe 安全的；funny 有趣的；dangerous 危险的。根据常识和语境“without lights or guides”可知，没有照明或向导进入深洞是危险的。故选D。
29．B 30．D 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了除亚马逊雨林外，世界上其他几片对维持地球生态系统平衡具有重要作用的森林。
29．词句猜测题。根据“play a significant role in keeping the balance of the earth’s ecosystem”可知，“significant”修饰“role”，强调这些森林在维持地球生态系统平衡中扮演的角色，应是指重要的，B项符合。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据“Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest (XTR)…the forest supports (养育) a large number of rare and endangered species, including 90% of China’s entire wild Asian elephant population.”可知，XTR保护了中国90%的野生亚洲象，故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据“Maybe you have known much about the Amazon Rainforest, but there are some other forests in the world that play a significant role in keeping the balance of the earth’s ecosystem. Let’s take a look.”并通读全文可知，文章首段提出“除亚马逊雨林外，其他森林对生态系统也很重要”，后文分别介绍四片森林的特点，D项符合。故选D。
32．A 33．D 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文介绍了北极圈的寒冷天气和真实地域信息。
32．细节理解题。根据“About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Matthew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on April 6th, 1909.”可知，大约100年前，有两个人成功地到达了北极，故选A。
33．词句猜测题。根据“Few people can live in such a difficult place.”可知，此处表示“很少有人能住在这么艰难的地方”的含义，所以推测uninhabited意为“无人居住的”。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water (水道) called ‘leads’.”可知，冰下海水的运动常常会引起冰面上许多不同的变化，有时冰分裂成两个开放的水道。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，本文介绍了北极圈的寒冷天气和真实地域信息。故选C。
36．D 37．A 38．A 39．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了美国佛罗里达州形状异常圆的金斯利湖，包括其特点、形成原因及相关信息。
36．细节理解题。根据“However, Kingsley Lake in Florida, the USA, makes them very surprised…It’s an unusually round shape”可知，科学家惊讶是因为这个湖形状异常圆。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段“What caused Kingsley Lake to have this special shape ”可知，该段主要讲金斯利湖异常圆的可能原因。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“it is completely free from human activities. It is believed to have formed naturally”可知，金斯利湖是天然形成的湖泊。故选A。
39．推理判断题。文章围绕“形状特殊的金斯利湖”展开，介绍了它的特点、形成原因等，目的是介绍这个形状特别的湖泊。故选A。
40．A 41．C 42．B 43．E 44．F
【导语】本文分为三个板块，分别介绍了非洲古代人类脚印化石、蛇的社交行为以及考拉获取水分的独特方式，是一篇科普类说明文。
40．根据前文提到“Scientists found the footprints of 17 people who probably walked together. The footprints were all traveling at the same speed.”，说明科学家发现了17个人的脚印，且这些人步伐速度一致，选项A“科学家研究了所有脚印。”承接前文的发现，进一步说明后续研究动作，符合语境。故选A。
41．根据前文提到“From the size of the footprints, scientists thought the group was mostly adult women.”，说明科学家推测这群人大多是成年女性。选项C“她们可能一起外出觅食。”承接前文对群体身份的推测，合理推断其行为，符合逻辑。故选C。
42．根据前文提到“Scientists divided the snakes into 10 groups. Then they put each group into a small space together for eight days.”，说明科学家将蛇分组并观察其行为。选项B“他们发现蛇似乎确实有朋友。”承接实验结果，呼应小标题“Snakes stay together”，符合语境。故选B。
43．根据前文提到“All living things need water. But they get it in different ways. You drink water from a glass. Plants take it in with their roots.”，说明不同生物获取水分的方式不同。选项E“考拉从它们吃的桉树叶中获取水分。”承接前文，介绍考拉常规的补水方式，与后文“another way”形成对比，符合语境。故选E。
44．根据前文提到“After the rainstorm, water could drop down from the tree trunks.”，说明雨后树干会有水珠。选项F“一些考拉坐在树上获取流动的水。”承接前文的雨水场景，具体说明考拉舔树干取水的行为，符合语境。故选F。
45．C 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．C 50．B 51．C 52．A 53．D 54．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了老布朗先生讨厌石头，常把花园里的石头扔掉，孙子利奥捡到一块看似普通的石头，经擦拭后发现是稀有的蓝宝石，这让老布朗先生后悔自己扔掉了许多类似石头，进而引发对生活中不应轻易否定看似普通事物的思考。
45．句意：每个周末，他都会四处走走，移除看到的任何石头，把它们远远地扔进树林里。
plant种植；collect收集；remove移除；hide隐藏。根据“throwing them far away into the woods”可知，老布朗先生把石头扔进树林，所以是先移除石头，故选C。
46．句意：他没有扔掉它，而是把它捡起来，用水冲洗，然后放进自己的口袋里。
picked捡起；kicked踢；broke打破；left离开。根据“washed it with water, and put it in his pocket”可知，利奥把石头用水冲洗后放进口袋，所以是先捡起石头，故选A。
47．句意：这只是一块普通的石头，利奥。
valuable有价值的；common普通的；magical有魔力的；soft柔软的。根据“Throw it away. It’s useless.”可知，老布朗先生觉得石头没用，所以认为它是普通的，故选B。
48．句意：几周后，灰暗的表面开始发生变化。
crack破裂；disappear消失；change改变；melt融化。根据“Under the grey dirt, a shiny, blue light appeared.”可知，灰暗的表面下出现了蓝光，所以表面发生了变化，故选C。
49．句意：你在哪里找到这个的？
buy买；make制作；find找到；steal偷。根据“Leo ran to show it to a jeweler (珠宝商).”可知，利奥把石头拿给珠宝商看，所以珠宝商问他在哪里找到的，故选C。
50．句意：布朗先生很震惊。
angry生气的；shocked震惊的；bored无聊的；tired疲惫的。根据“He remembered seeing many such stones in his garden.”以及“I thought they were just troubles”可知，老布朗先生想起自己扔掉了很多这样的石头，现在知道是蓝宝石，所以很震惊，故选B。
51．句意：我不假思索地把它们都扔掉了。
saved拯救；admired钦佩；threw扔掉；painted绘画。根据“I thought they were just troubles”以及前文提到老布朗先生常把石头扔进树林，可知他把石头都扔掉了，故选C。
52．句意：我们可能会错过那些外表看起来平凡或粗糙的人或想法。
miss错过；help帮助；trust信任；follow跟随。根据“We judge them too quickly and push them away”可知，我们太快地评判他们并把他们推开，所以可能会错过他们，故选A。
53．句意：我们在看到它们真正的价值之前就太快地评判它们并把它们推开。
size尺寸；weight重量；color颜色；value价值。根据前文提到石头实际上是蓝宝石，可知这里说的是看到真正的价值，故选D。
54．句意：就像石头一样，有些人需要时间和关心来展现他们内在的美。
show展现；lose失去；cover覆盖；forget忘记。根据“Give everything a chance to shine.”可知，要给一切发光的机会，所以这里说的是展现内在美，故选A。
55． in depth
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“深达”，英文表达为“in depth”，表示在深度方面。故填in；depth。
56． in danger
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，填空处为“处于危险之中”，对应的英文固定短语是“in danger”，符合句子的语义和结构要求。故填in，danger。
57． take action/measures
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“采取措施”。take action和take measures意为“采取措施”。should为情态动词，后接动词原形take。故填take；action/measures。
58． make sense
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“有意义”。make sense“有意义；讲得通”，为固定短语，助动词doesn’t后接动词原形。故填make；sense。
59． to survive
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，填空处为“存活”，可以用survive“存活”。句型“It’s + adj. + for sb./sth. + to do sth.”表示“对……来说做某事是……的”，故此处应使用动词不定式作主语。故填to；survive。
60．greatest/reatest 61．However/owever 62．simple/imple 63．discussion/iscussion 64．necessary/ecessary 65．understood/nderstood 66．pleasure/leasure 67．agree/gree 68．why/hy 69．gold/old
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了是否应该更新莎士比亚的作品，以便让现代读者更容易理解，还是保持原汁原味以尊重这位文学天才的创作。正方认为更新能让更多人理解作品，反方则认为莎翁语言的独特魅力不应被改变。
60．句意：他被广泛认为是历史上最伟大的作家之一。根据“one of the ... writers in history”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示“最伟大的作家之一”，great“伟大的”，形容词，one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，故填greatest。
61．句意：然而，他的语言非常过时。根据前文“his plays and poems are still inspiring many artists”和后文“his language is very old-fashioned”可知，前后是转折关系，however“然而”，副词，置于句首首字母大写，故填However。
62．句意：他作品中的词句对我们来说不够简单易懂，因为他的时代与我们的时代差异太大。根据“Words and sentences in his works are not...enough for us to follow”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示“不够简单”，simple“简单的”，形容词作表语，故填simple。
63．句意：这一巨大差异引发了一场重要的讨论：是否要更新莎士比亚的作品？根据“To update or not to update Shakespeare’s works ”以及首字母提示可知，这是一个需要讨论的问题，discussion“讨论”，名词，空前有an，用名词单数，故填discussion。
64．句意：有些人认为更新莎士比亚的作品是必要的。根据“They say Shakespeare’s plays are great, but what is the point if they cannot be ... by most people today ”可知，支持更新的人认为如果大多数人都无法理解，那么作品再好也没有意义，因此他们认为更新是必要的，necessary“必要的”，形容词作表语，故填necessary。
65．句意：他们说莎士比亚的戏剧很棒，但如果今天的大多数人都无法理解，那还有什么意义呢？根据前文“his language is very old-fashioned”以及首字母提示可知，此处表示“无法被理解”，understood“理解”，动词understand的过去分词，与空前be构成被动语态，故填understood。
66．句意：同时，读者仍然可以从戏剧中获得同样多的乐趣。根据“readers would still get as much...from the plays”以及首字母提示可知，读者仍然可以从戏剧中获得同样多的乐趣，此处表示“获得乐趣”，pleasure“乐趣”，名词，作宾语，故填pleasure。
67．句意：但其他人不同意他们的观点。根据前文“Some people think...”和后文“They think Shakespeare’s works are beautiful...”可知，这是另一方的观点，与前文形成对比，agree“同意”，动词，根据“don’t”可知此处用动词原形，故填agree。
68．句意：这些戏剧至今仍在演出是有充分理由的。根据“There are good reasons...the plays are still being performed today.”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是reasons，关系副词用why，表示原因，故填why。
69．句意：莎士比亚的许多表达至今仍在使用，例如“All that glitters isn’t gold.”。根据常识可知，莎士比亚的名言“All that glitters is not gold”意为“发光的不一定都是金子”，gold“金子”，名词，故填gold。
70．Green reeds wave (under the blue sky) and the fresh smell of the water plants. 71．Many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities. 72．It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter. 73．Because they have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather. 74．Because the wetland’s water is rich in nutrients.
【导语】本文主要介绍了江西鄱阳湖湿地的自然环境、生态及游客情况。
70．根据“you can see green reeds wave under the blue sky. You can smell the fresh smell of the water plants”可知，在鄱阳湖湿地能看到蓝天下摇曳的绿芦苇，闻到水生植物的清新气味。故填Green reeds wave (under the blue sky) and the fresh smell of the water plants.
71．根据“many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities come here”可知，每年有来自不同城市的观鸟者和摄影师来到这里。故填Many birdwatchers and photographers from different cities.
72．根据“It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter”可知，这里的温度春秋温暖、夏热冬冷。故填It’s warm in spring and autumn, but hot in summer and cold in winter.
73．根据“Swans have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather”可知，天鹅有厚实的羽毛能在寒冷天气保暖，所以可以全年停留。故填Because they have thick feathers to keep them warm in cold weather.
74．根据“The wetland’s water is rich in nutrients, which helps the fish to grow healthily”可知，湿地的水富含营养，所以湖里有很多鱼。故填Because the wetland’s water is rich in nutrients.
75．例文
Our country is home to natural wonders, each with its own beauty.
I’d like to introduce the Yellow Mountain. It is famous for its strange pines, unique rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. What makes it special is that the scenery changes with seasons and weather. For example, after rain, clouds float like a white ocean around peaks. In winter, it is covered in snow, like a silver world.
It attracts many visitors because it offers peace and amazing views. Many photographers come here to capture its stunning beauty. People also enjoy hiking there to get close to nature. I believe everyone should visit it once to feel its magic.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：材料作文；
②时态：一般现在时为主；
③提示：需介绍景观名称、特色、受欢迎原因，并适当补充细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步：点明介绍的景观及其主要特点；
第二步：用具体例子说明其独特之处；
第三步：解释受欢迎的原因并给出个人建议。
[亮点词汇]
①strange pines奇松
②unique rocks怪石
③sea of clouds云海
[高分句型]
①What makes it special is that the scenery changes with seasons and weather. (what引导的主语从句)
②It attracts many visitors because it offers peace and amazing views. (because引导的原因状语从句)
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