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8B Unit1 单元Grammar：现在完成时（一）（五大题型）
目录
TOC \o "1-2" \h \u HYPERLINK \l "_Toc20671" 语法知识精讲 1
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4569" 语法知识精练 2
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc23549" 题型一：过去分词变化规则 2
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc17513" 题型二：表示影响（动作已完成） 6
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc10505" 题型三：表示持续（动作未完成） 11
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc2609" 题型四：延续性动词与非延续性动词 15
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc16271" 题型五：含ever/never的现在完成时 19
语法知识精讲
现在完成时（1）
我们用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，或已完成但对现在有一定影响的动作。现在完成时也可和频度副词一起表示某个动作从过去到现在发生的次数。如：
He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. 自从来到南京，他就一直住在这里。
I have lost my mobile phone. 我的手机丢了。（言下之意：我现在无法使用手机。）
I have been to Beijing many times. 我去过北京很多次了。
现在完成时常和 already、ever、just、never、recently、yet 等副词以及 since、for 引导的时间状语连用。如：
He has not returned the book to me yet. 他还没有把那本书还给我。
He has never visited the Great Wall. 他从没去过长城。
Suzhou classical gardens have been famous for a long time. 苏州园林已闻名许久。
注意：already 常用于肯定句，意为 “已经”，而 yet 常用于否定句和疑问句，意为 “还”。
现在完成时的结构为：have/has +动词的过去分词。
大多数动词的过去分词变化形式同动词的过去式，可参照动词的过去式变化规则。
不规则动词的过去分词变化
有些动词的过去分词和过去式的变化形式相同，其变化情况大致分类如下：
变化 举例（原形—过去式—过去分词）
与原形相同 hit—hit—hit；hurt—hurt—hurt
在原形后加 t 或 d learn—learnt—learnt；hear—heard—heard
原形中的元音字母有变化 get—got—got；sit—sat—sat
原形中的辅音字母有变化 make—made—made；spill—spilt—spilt
原形中的元音、辅音字母都有变化 feel—felt—felt；smell—smelt—smelt
有些动词的过去分词和过去式的变化形式不同，其变化情况大致分类如下：
变化 举例（原形—过去式—过去分词）
与原形相同 come—came—come；run—ran—run
原形中的元音字母有变化 ring—rang—rung；sing—sang—sung
在原形上加 en eat—ate—eaten；fall—fell—fallen
在原形上加 n see—saw—seen；give—gave—given
在过去式上加 n steal—stole—stolen；break—broke—broken
原形、过去式和过去分词的词形差异较大 do—did—done；go—went—gone
语法知识精练
一、题型一：过去分词变化规则
1．The film Dead to Rights ________ very popular since it was first shown on July 25th.
A．become B．became C．has become D．was becoming
2．Mrs Rainbow ________ color therapy since she left college.
A．practised B．was practised C．has practised D．will practise
3．—Do you know anything about One Belt One Road
—Yes, it ________ over 10 years since it started.
A．was B．had been C．is D．has been
4．My mother told me that my homework must ________.
A．finish B．be finish C．be finished D．finished
5．—________ you ever ________ wild mushrooms (野生菌) yet
—No, it’s my first time to try them.
A．Have；eaten B．Did；ate C．Will；eat D．Do；eat
6．To protect pandas, the government ______ some natural parks to protect pandas these years.
A．has built B．builds C．built D．is built
7．Recently, many people have known that Gansu provides the spicy hot pot which has ________ people.
A．attract B．attracted C．attracts D．attracting
8．—I heard the beginning of Little Me starred by Yi Yangqianxi is quite touching.
—What a pity! When I got to the cinema yesterday, the film ________ for several minutes.
A．began B．had began C．had been on D．has been on
9．—How many eggs has that hen __________
—Nearly one hundred.
A．lay B．laid C．lied D．lain
10．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection.
A．had made B．was making C．has made D．is making
11．Some paintings ________ on the wall after our flat decoration ________.
A．will be hunged, is finished B．will be hung, will be finished
C．will be hung, is finished D．are hung, will be finished
12．The problems of safety ________ at tomorrow’s meeting.
A．will discuss B．are discussed
C．will be discussed D．are discussing
13．In China, you can see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories. Basketball ________ a popular sport to play and watch.
A．has become B．have become C．will become D．became
14．The coming-of-age ceremony (成人典礼) _______ next week in our school hall.
A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held
15．Few students could understand the sentence until it ________ by Miss Chen.
A．explained B．was explaining C．is explained D．was explained
二、题型二：表示影响（动作已完成）
16．Up to now, the staff ________ to catch the monkey that escaped from the zoo yet.
A．didn’t manage B．won’t manage C．haven’t managed D．don’t manage
17．This is the most exciting movie I _________ ever seen. I was deeply moved.
A．have B．has C．had D．will have
18．—I think the movie The Wandering Earth is wonderful.
—I agree with you. I ______ it three times already.
A．watch B．watched C．have watched D．will watch
19．He ______ to the Great Wall twice, so he doesn’t want to go there again.
A．has been B．has gone C．went D．will go
20．—I can’t believe we are in the countryside of Hefei.
—It ________ greatly over the past few years under the right leadership of the government.
A．will change B．changes C．is changing D．has changed
21．—Look! Someone ________ the classroom. It’s so clean!
—Really Let’s find out who it was.
A．cleans B．cleaned C．has cleaned D．had cleaned
22．—Will you go to the Science Museum with us
—No, thanks. I ________ it twice.
A．visit B．will visit C．visited D．have visited
23．To make school life more colourful, our school ________ many after-school activities for students in these years.
A．will provide B．was providing C．has provided D．provided
24．—Would you like some bread
—No thanks. I ________ breakfast. I’m full now.
A．have B．will have C．am having D．have had
25．— Jenny, the package you’re looking forward to ________.
— Great!
A．arriving B．has arrived C．has reached D．arrived
26．—Why do you know so much about Yancheng Park
—Because I ________ it several times.
A．have visited B．was visiting C．visit D．will visit
27．—Another three astronauts traveled into space in October 2024.
—Yeah. How wonderful! Our country ________ great progress in space technology by now.
A．will make B．made C．has made D．was making
28．—Dad, I can’t find my watch. Did you see it
—No, I didn’t. I think you ________ it!
A．lose B．will lose C．have lost D．are losing
29．I ________ that movie, so I don’t want to see it again.
A．watch B．am watching C．have watched D．will watch
30．The car—Xiaomi Su7 ________ much attention since it was launched (发布) in Beijing on March 28.
A．receive B．was received C．has received D．will receive
三、题型三：表示持续（动作未完成）
31．—How long ________ you ________ English
—For about five years. I can speak it fluently now.
A．do; learn B．did; learn C．have; learned D．will; learn
32．—Do you like stamps
—Yes. I ________ thousands of stamps so far.
A．will collect B．have collected C．am collecting D．was collecting
33．—Many things in our hometown ________ in the past ten years.
—Yes. The roads were terrible before, but now they look quite different.
A．changed B．will change C．have changed D．are changing
34．—Linda, your new hat looks really nice on you. How long ________ it
—Oh, thanks. I just bought it last week.
A．did you have B．did you buy
C．have you had D．have you bought
35．The school art competition is coming, but Lily ________ an idea for her painting yet.
A．hasn’t developed B．doesn’t develop
C．won’t develop D．is not developing
36．We ________ to Beijing three times in the past five years, and we plan to go again next year.
A．travel B．traveled C．have traveled D．are traveling
37．—Look! Jack ________ 250 soft toys in total so far.
—Wow. Now I know how much he loves them.
A．will collect B．was collecting C．has collected D．is collecting
38．—Wow! There are thousands of old coins in your house.
—My grandpa is a big fan of them. He ________over 4,000 old coins and he is still doing it.
A．will collect B．was collecting C．is collecting D．has collected
39．The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work.
A．doesn’t finish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish
40．As a teacher, I am proud that all of my students ______ great progress in the past three years.
A．made B．will make C．have made D．are making
41．A popular dance “Subject Three” ______ people’s attention widely in the last few months.
A．draws B．drew C．will draw D．has drawn
42．In the past few years, the Shanghai government ________ many new subway lines to make transportation more convenient.
A．had built B．has built C．built D．has been built
43．Henry ________ his bedroom yet. He needs to clean it up before dinner.
A．isn’t cleaning B．didn’t clean C．hasn’t cleaned D．doesn’t clean
44．Although both sides have made a lot of effort, the differences are too great and no agreement ________ so far.
A．was reached B．is reached C．will be reached D．has been reached
45．—Why haven’t you asked her to come here
—She __________ an important experiment when I found her and she __________ it.
A．is doing; didn’t finish B．did; wouldn’t finish
C．was doing; hasn’t finished D．has done; hasn’t finished
四、题型四：延续性动词与非延续性动词
46．—When will your cousin come back from Canada
—He ________ for three months and he will return next week.
A．has left B．has been away C．left D．was away
47．I ________ in love with the character Flash since the release of Zootopia 1. How attractive!
A．have fallen B．have been C．fell D．have felt
48．—It has been ten years since we met each other for the first time.
—How time flies! I can’t believe that we ________ friends for ten years.
A．made B．have made C．have been D．are making
49．Jenny is on a study exchange program in Tokyo. She ________ for a week.
A．has gone B．has come C．has been away D．has left
50．They ________ after their graduation. They ________ for five years.
A．married; have married B．got married; have been married
C．married; have been marrying D．got married; have married
51．—May I borrow this novel
—Of course. You can ________ it for two weeks.
A．borrow B．lend C．keep D．catch
52．Alice _________ a teacher since she graduated from college.
A．became B．has become C．was D．has been
53．Though they have ________ trouble for a long time, they are still ________ success.
A．got into; hoping to B．got into; hoping for
C．been in; hoping for D．been in; hoping to
54．— Mike, could you please tell me ________
—Ever since 2007.
A．how long has Chen Meng joined the national team B．how long Chen Meng has joined the national team
C．how long has Chen Meng been in the national team D．how long Chen Meng has been in the national team
55．Jerry ________ the book for ten days. Please remind him that he needs to return it to the library tomorrow.
A．has borrowed B．has kept C．has been kept D．have been borrowed
56．I borrowed the English storybook last week. I ________ it for a week.
A．have bought B．have kept C．have borrowed D．had
57．Hurry up! The movie ________ for a few minutes.
A．has begun B．has been on C．began D．was on
58．—When did the teachers come to China
—They ________ China for seven years.
A．have come to B．have been to
C．have come in D．have been in
59．—Has he returned the book to the library
—No. He has ______ it for one week.
A．borrowed B．lent C．kept D．bought
60．I have _______ this bike for about two years. I always ride it to school.
A．had B．returned C．borrowed D．bought
五、题型五：含ever/never的现在完成时
61．—________ you ever ________ to the Great Wall
—Yes, twice. It’s amazing.
A．Have; been B．Have; gone C．Did; go D．Do; go
62．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it
— Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening.
A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever
63．—Have you ________ been to France
—No, ________.
A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never
64．I ________ think he ________ ever visited the island.
A．/; hasn’t B．don’t; was C．don’t; has D．don’t; will
65．Neither my sister nor I ________ been to Xizang before.
A．have never B．has never C．have ever D．has ever
66．— Your ring is really nice.
— Thank you. I ________ it since I got married.
A．have had B．bought C．had D．have bought
67．We ________ each other since I came to Shanghai, but we send emails very often.
A．don’t see B．didn’t see C．won’t see D．haven’t seen
68．Last night, the company launched its latest face recognition system. We ________ such advanced technology that can bring about a revolutionary change in user experience.
A．have never expected B．never expected C．never expect D．are never expecting
69．What’s the best gift John __________ ever received
A．have B．has C．had D．having
70．David has never been to Australia, ________
A．hasn’t he B．doesn’t he C．has he D．does he
答案与解析
语法知识精练
一、题型一：过去分词变化规则
1．The film Dead to Rights ________ very popular since it was first shown on July 25th.
A．become B．became C．has become D．was becoming
【答案】C
【详解】句意：电影《亡命天涯》自7月25日首次上映以来就一直非常受欢迎。
考查动词时态。根据“since it was first shown on July 25th.”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去的动作或状态，所以应用has become。故选C。
2．Mrs Rainbow ________ color therapy since she left college.
A．practised B．was practised C．has practised D．will practise
【答案】C
【详解】句意：Rainbow夫人自从大学毕业以来就一直在从事色彩疗法。
考查现在完成时。根据“since she left college”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/ has+done”，主语Mrs Rainbow为第三人称单数，助动词应该用has，故选C。
3．—Do you know anything about One Belt One Road
—Yes, it ________ over 10 years since it started.
A．was B．had been C．is D．has been
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你知道“一带一路”吗？——知道，从开始到现在已经有10多年了。
考查现在完成时。根据“it ... over 10 years since it started”可知，此处强调时间的延续，是“现在完成时 + since + 一般过去时”结构；现在完成时的结构是“have/has + 过去分词”。故选D。
4．My mother told me that my homework must ________.
A．finish B．be finish C．be finished D．finished
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我的妈妈告诉我我的作业必须被完成。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。根据主语“my homework”和谓语动词“finish”可知二者为被动关系，而must为情态动词，含有情态动词的被动语态的谓语结构为“情态动词+be+done”，故选C。
5．—________ you ever ________ wild mushrooms (野生菌) yet
—No, it’s my first time to try them.
A．Have；eaten B．Did；ate C．Will；eat D．Do；eat
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你以前吃过野生菌吗？——没有，这是我第一次尝试。
考查动词时态辨析。根据“yet”以及“it’s my first time to try them”可知，问句强调的是从过去到现在为止是否有过“吃野生菌”的经历，应用现在完成时。现在完成时的一般疑问句结构为“Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他”，主语是“you”，助动词用“Have”，“eat”的过去分词是“eaten”，故选A。
6．To protect pandas, the government ______ some natural parks to protect pandas these years.
A．has built B．builds C．built D．is built
【答案】A
【详解】句意：为了保护熊猫，政府这些年已经建立了一些自然公园来保护熊猫。
考查动词时态辨析。has built 现在完成时；builds 一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；built 一般过去时；is built 一般现在时的被动语态。根据“these years”可知，该句时态为现在完成时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，且主语“the government”和谓语“build”之间是主动关系，应用主动语态。故选A。
7．Recently, many people have known that Gansu provides the spicy hot pot which has ________ people.
A．attract B．attracted C．attracts D．attracting
【答案】B
【详解】句意：最近，很多人已经知道甘肃提供的麻辣烫已经吸引了很多人。
考查时态。根据“have known that Gansu provides the spicy hot pot which has...people”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done，故此处用过去分词attracted。故选B。
8．—I heard the beginning of Little Me starred by Yi Yangqianxi is quite touching.
—What a pity! When I got to the cinema yesterday, the film ________ for several minutes.
A．began B．had began C．had been on D．has been on
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我听说易烊千玺主演的《小小的我》的开始部分相当感人。——太遗憾了！昨天当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始几分钟了。
考查过去完成时及词语辨析。begin开始，非延续性动词；be on上映，延续性词语。根据“When I got to the cinema yesterday”及语境可知电影在到达之前已经开始了，发生在“过去的过去”，所以此处时态为过去完成时，其谓语结构为“had+done”，而由“for several minutes”可知此处应用延续性词语，故选C。
9．—How many eggs has that hen __________
—Nearly one hundred.
A．lay B．laid C．lied D．lain
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——那只母鸡已经下了多少个鸡蛋？——接近100个。
考查动词辨析。lay下蛋，产卵的动词原形/躺的过去式；laid下蛋，产卵的过去式和过去分词；lied说谎的过去式或过去分词；lain躺的过去分词。根据“has”可知用完成时态“has/have done sth”，动词应该用过去分词形式done，且此处表示“下蛋”，laid是lay的过去分词形式。故选B。
10．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection.
A．had made B．was making C．has made D．is making
【答案】C
【详解】句意：近年来，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。
考查时态。根据“In the last few years”可知，应该与现在完成时连用，结构为have/has done，主语China为单数，应用has made。故选C。
11．Some paintings ________ on the wall after our flat decoration ________.
A．will be hunged, is finished B．will be hung, will be finished
C．will be hung, is finished D．are hung, will be finished
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们的公寓装修完成后，墙上会挂一些画。
考查时态和语态。after引导的时间状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，排除选项B和D；两空都是被动语态，hang的过去分词“hung”，排除A。故选C。
12．The problems of safety ________ at tomorrow’s meeting.
A．will discuss B．are discussed
C．will be discussed D．are discussing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：安全问题将在明天的会议上被讨论。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“at tomorrow’s meeting”可知句子时态为一般将来时，而主语The problems of safety和谓语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态的谓语结构为“will+be+done”，故选C。
13．In China, you can see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories. Basketball ________ a popular sport to play and watch.
A．has become B．have become C．will become D．became
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在中国，你可以看到人们在公园、学校甚至工厂打篮球。篮球已经成为一项受欢迎的运动。
考查现在完成时。根据语境可知，此件事情是发生在过去的事情对现在有影响，并且动作已经完成，又由现在完成时的结构是“have/has+动词的过去分词”构成，并且此句主语Basketball是单数形成，become“成为”的过去分词还是become，所以要填has become。故选A。
14．The coming-of-age ceremony (成人典礼) _______ next week in our school hall.
A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held
【答案】D
【详解】句意：下星期将在我们学校礼堂举行成人典礼。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据时间状语“next week”可知句子时态为一般将来时，而主语The coming-of-age ceremony和谓语动词hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，一般将来时的被动语态的谓语结构为“will+be+动词的过去分词”，故选D。
15．Few students could understand the sentence until it ________ by Miss Chen.
A．explained B．was explaining C．is explained D．was explained
【答案】D
【详解】句意：几乎没有学生能理解这个句子直到它被陈老师解释。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Few students could understand the sentence”可知句子时态为一般过去时，而主语it和谓语explain为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，一般过去时的被动语态的谓语结构为“was/were+done”，故选D。
二、题型二：表示影响（动作已完成）
16．Up to now, the staff ________ to catch the monkey that escaped from the zoo yet.
A．didn’t manage B．won’t manage C．haven’t managed D．don’t manage
【答案】C
【详解】句意：到目前为止，工作人员还没有抓住那只从动物园逃走的猴子。
考查动词时态。根据“Up to now”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，其结构是“have/has done”，结合“yet”可知，句子是否定句，主语“the staff”是集合名词，表示复数，所以助动词用haven’t，manage的过去分词是managed。故选C。
17．This is the most exciting movie I _________ ever seen. I was deeply moved.
A．have B．has C．had D．will have
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这是我看过的最激动人心的电影。我深受感动。
考查现在完成时。分析题干可知，句子表达“到目前为止看过”的经历，强调过去动作对现在的影响（即“电影是迄今为止最激动人心的”），应使用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）。主语“I”为第一人称单数，需用助动词“have”。故选A。
18．—I think the movie The Wandering Earth is wonderful.
—I agree with you. I ______ it three times already.
A．watch B．watched C．have watched D．will watch
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我觉得《流浪地球》这部电影非常精彩。——我同意你的看法。我已经看了三遍了。
考查现在完成时。watch观看，一般现在时； watched观看，一般过去时；have watched已经观看，现在完成时；will watch将会观看，一般将来时。根据句中的时间状语“already”可知，动作强调从过去持续到现在已完成，且“three times”表示经验次数，需用现在完成时表达对现在的影响或结果。故选C。
19．He ______ to the Great Wall twice, so he doesn’t want to go there again.
A．has been B．has gone C．went D．will go
【答案】A
【详解】句意：他去过长城两次，所以他不想再去那里了。
考查时态及动词辨析。have/has been to去过（已回来）；have/has gone to去了（未回来）。根据“he doesn’t want to go there again”可知，他已去过且回来了，因此用has been。故选A。
20．—I can’t believe we are in the countryside of Hefei.
—It ________ greatly over the past few years under the right leadership of the government.
A．will change B．changes C．is changing D．has changed
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我不敢相信我们是在合肥的乡村。——在政府的正确领导下，它在过去几年里发生了巨大变化。
考查时态。根据“over the past few years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在并强调结果，需用现在完成时。故选D。
21．—Look! Someone ________ the classroom. It’s so clean!
—Really Let’s find out who it was.
A．cleans B．cleaned C．has cleaned D．had cleaned
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——看！有人已经打扫了教室。它太干净了！——真的吗？让我们找出是谁做的。
考查时态辨析。根据“It’s so clean!”可知，打扫动作发生在过去但对现在有直接影响，强调结果，应使用现在完成时。现在完成时的结构为“have/has+done”，主语“Someone”为第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故选C。
22．—Will you go to the Science Museum with us
—No, thanks. I ________ it twice.
A．visit B．will visit C．visited D．have visited
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你要和我们一起去科学博物馆吗？ ——不，谢谢。我已经去过两次了。
考查时态辨析。visit参观；will visit将参观；visited参观过；have visited已经参观过。根据“twice”可知，此处表示已经去过两次，应用现在完成时。故选D。
23．To make school life more colourful, our school ________ many after-school activities for students in these years.
A．will provide B．was providing C．has provided D．provided
【答案】C
【详解】句意：为了使学校生活更加丰富多彩，我们学校在这些年里提供了许多课外活动给学生。
考查时态辨析。will provide将提供，一般将来时，表示将来动作；was providing正在提供，过去进行时，表示过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作；has provided已经提供，现在完成时，表示动作已完成且对现在有影响；provided提供，一般过去时，表示过去的动作。根据时间状语“in these years”可知，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，强调与现在的联系，应用现在完成时，选项C“has provided已经提供”符合题意。故选C。
24．—Would you like some bread
—No thanks. I ________ breakfast. I’m full now.
A．have B．will have C．am having D．have had
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你想要一些面包吗？——不，谢谢。我已经吃过早餐了。我现在很饱。
考查时态辨析。have吃早餐，一般现在时；表示习惯性动作；will have将要吃早餐，一般将来时；am having正在吃早餐，现在进行时；have had已经吃过早餐了，现在完成时。根据“I’m full now”可知，说话者现在很饱，说明吃早餐的动作已经完成，且对现在有影响，时态为现在完成时。故选D。
25．— Jenny, the package you’re looking forward to ________.
— Great!
A．arriving B．has arrived C．has reached D．arrived
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——珍妮，你期待的那个包裹已经到达了。——太棒了！
考查现在完成时及动词辨析。主句主语是“the package”，需谓语动词；“包裹到达”对现在有影响，用现在完成时（has+过去分词）。“arrive”是不及物动词，可单独作谓语；“reach”是及物动词，后需接宾语。故选B。
26．—Why do you know so much about Yancheng Park
—Because I ________ it several times.
A．have visited B．was visiting C．visit D．will visit
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你为什么对盐城公园了解这么多？——因为我去过好几次了。
考查现在完成时。根据“several times”和问句询问现在了解很多的原因，可知答句强调过去的经历对现在造成的影响，因此时态用现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词。故选A。
27．—Another three astronauts traveled into space in October 2024.
—Yeah. How wonderful! Our country ________ great progress in space technology by now.
A．will make B．made C．has made D．was making
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——2024年10月，又有三名宇航员进入太空。——是的。太棒了！到目前为止，我国在航天技术方面已取得了巨大进展。
考查动词时态辨析。will make将取得，一般将来时；made取得，一般过去时；has made已经取得，现在完成时；was making正在取得，过去进行时。根据“by now”可知，句子时态为现在完成时。故选C。
28．—Dad, I can’t find my watch. Did you see it
—No, I didn’t. I think you ________ it!
A．lose B．will lose C．have lost D．are losing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——爸爸，我找不到我的手表了。你看到它了吗？——不，我没看到。我想你已经把它弄丢了！
考查动词时态。根据“Dad, I can’t find my watch. Did you see it ”可知，找不到手表，说明手表已经丢了，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，即现在找不到手表了，应该用现在完成时“have lost”。故选C。
29．I ________ that movie, so I don’t want to see it again.
A．watch B．am watching C．have watched D．will watch
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我看过那部电影，所以我不想再看一遍。
考查动词时态。根据“so I don’t want to see it again.”可知，表示现在不想再看，表明“看电影”的动作已经发生并对现在有影响，因此用现在完成时。故选C。
30．The car—Xiaomi Su7 ________ much attention since it was launched (发布) in Beijing on March 28.
A．receive B．was received C．has received D．will receive
【答案】C
【详解】句意：小米Su7这款汽车自3月28日在北京发布以来，受到了广泛关注。
考查动词时态。根据“since it was launched (发布) in Beijing on March 28.”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，表示从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，即小米Su7这款汽车自发布以来到现在已经受到了广泛关注，所以此处应该用现在完成时has received。故选C。
三、题型三：表示持续（动作未完成）
31．—How long ________ you ________ English
—For about five years. I can speak it fluently now.
A．do; learn B．did; learn C．have; learned D．will; learn
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你学习英语多久了？——大约五年了。我现在能说得很流利了。
考查现在完成时的用法。根据答语“For about five years.”可知，动作（学习英语）从过去开始持续到现在，且强调对现在的影响（能说得很流利），应使用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）。选项C为现在完成时，正确表达动作的持续性和对现在的影响。故选C。
32．—Do you like stamps
—Yes. I ________ thousands of stamps so far.
A．will collect B．have collected C．am collecting D．was collecting
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你喜欢邮票吗？——是的。到目前为止我已经收集了几千张邮票。
考查动词时态。根据“so far”可知要用现在完成时，其结构为have done。故选B。
33．—Many things in our hometown ________ in the past ten years.
—Yes. The roads were terrible before, but now they look quite different.
A．changed B．will change C．have changed D．are changing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——在过去的十年里，我们家乡的许多事情已经发生了变化。——是的。以前道路很糟糕，但现在它们看起来完全不同了。
考查时态。根据“in the past ten years”可知，句子是表示从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时。故选C。
34．—Linda, your new hat looks really nice on you. How long ________ it
—Oh, thanks. I just bought it last week.
A．did you have B．did you buy
C．have you had D．have you bought
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——琳达，你的新帽子戴在你头上看起来真好看。你买了多久了？——哦，谢谢。我上周刚买的。
考查时态和延续性动词的用法。A项did you have和B项did you buy是一般过去时；C项have you had是现在完成时，“have”拥有，为延续性动词；D项have you bought是现在完成时，“buy”买，为短暂性动词。根据“How long”可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，且谓语动词需为延续性动词。故选C。
35．The school art competition is coming, but Lily ________ an idea for her painting yet.
A．hasn’t developed B．doesn’t develop
C．won’t develop D．is not developing
【答案】A
【详解】句意：学校美术比赛即将到来，但Lily还没有为她的绘画想出一个主意。
考查动词时态。 根据“an idea for her painting yet”可知，yet常用于现在完成时（have/has+过去分词），强调动作从过去持续到现在仍未完成，此处指Lily到现在还没有想出主意。故选A。
36．We ________ to Beijing three times in the past five years, and we plan to go again next year.
A．travel B．traveled C．have traveled D．are traveling
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在过去的五年里，我们已经去过北京三次了，并且我们计划明年再去。
考查时态。根据时间状语“in the past five years”表示过去发生且持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时“have traveled”。故选C。
37．—Look! Jack ________ 250 soft toys in total so far.
—Wow. Now I know how much he loves them.
A．will collect B．was collecting C．has collected D．is collecting
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——看！到目前为止Jack已经收集了总共250个毛绒玩具。——哇。现在我知道他有多喜欢它们了。
考查时态。根据时间状语“so far”可知，表示过去发生且持续到现在的动作，“总共收集了 250 个毛绒玩具”，对应后文“知道他多喜欢”的语境，用现在完成时“has collected”。故选C。
38．—Wow! There are thousands of old coins in your house.
—My grandpa is a big fan of them. He ________over 4,000 old coins and he is still doing it.
A．will collect B．was collecting C．is collecting D．has collected
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—— 哇！你家里有数千枚古币。—— 我爷爷是它们的超级爱好者。他已经收集了 4000 多枚古币，而且还在继续收集。
考查动词时态辨析。will collect一般将来时，表示尚未发生的动作；was collecting过去进行时，表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作；is collecting现在进行时，表示当下正在进行的动作；has collected现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在并产生影响。根据“He ...over 4,000 old coins and he is still doing it.”可知，已经收集了 4000 多枚古币，而且还在继续收集，符合 “完成 + 持续” 的双重语境。故选D。
39．The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work.
A．doesn’t finish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish
【答案】C
【详解】句意：林先生办公室的灯还亮着。恐怕他还没有完成工作。
考查现在完成时。根据“The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office.”可知，林先生办公室的灯还亮着，说明他的工作应该还没有完成，句子应用现在完成时。故选C。
40．As a teacher, I am proud that all of my students ______ great progress in the past three years.
A．made B．will make C．have made D．are making
【答案】C
【详解】句意：作为一名老师，我很自豪我的学生在过去三年里取得了巨大进步。
考查现在完成时。根据“in the past three years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。
41．A popular dance “Subject Three” ______ people’s attention widely in the last few months.
A．draws B．drew C．will draw D．has drawn
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在过去的几个月里，流行舞蹈《科目三》引起了人们的广泛关注。
考查现在完成时。根据“in the last few months”可知，此句应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”。故选D。
42．In the past few years, the Shanghai government ________ many new subway lines to make transportation more convenient.
A．had built B．has built C．built D．has been built
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，上海政府修建了许多新的地铁线路，使交通更加便利。
考查现在完成时。根据“In the past few years”可知，此处需用现在完成时，谓语动词构成是have/has+过去分词，主语“the Shanghai government”为单数，因此用has built。故选B。
43．Henry ________ his bedroom yet. He needs to clean it up before dinner.
A．isn’t cleaning B．didn’t clean C．hasn’t cleaned D．doesn’t clean
【答案】C
【详解】句意：亨利还没有打扫他的卧室。他需要在晚饭前把它清理干净。
考查现在完成时。根据“Henry…his bedroom yet. He needs to clean it up before dinner.”可知，此处指亨利还没有打扫他的卧室，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”。故选C。
44．Although both sides have made a lot of effort, the differences are too great and no agreement ________ so far.
A．was reached B．is reached C．will be reached D．has been reached
【答案】D
【详解】句意：虽然双方都做了很多努力，但分歧太大，到目前为止尚未达成协议。
考查动词时态和被动语态。由下文“so far.”和句意可知，so far表示到目前为止，是现在完成时的标志，agreement是动作reach的承受者，要用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
45．—Why haven’t you asked her to come here
—She __________ an important experiment when I found her and she __________ it.
A．is doing; didn’t finish B．did; wouldn’t finish
C．was doing; hasn’t finished D．has done; hasn’t finished
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你为什么没叫她过来？——当我发现她的时候，她正在做实验，而且还没有完成。
考查时态。根据“when I found her”可知，此处描写我找到她的过去那一刻，她正在做某事，故第一个空用过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing，主语为She，需用was；实验“未完成”的状态从过去持续到现在，强调对现在的影响，故第二空需用现在完成时，其结构为has/have+done，主语为she，助动词否定形式需hasn’t；finish的过去分词为finished。故选C。
四、题型四：延续性动词与非延续性动词
46．—When will your cousin come back from Canada
—He ________ for three months and he will return next week.
A．has left B．has been away C．left D．was away
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你表弟什么时候从加拿大回来？——他已经离开三个月了，下周回来。
考查时态及延续性动词。for three months是一段时间，需使用完成时并与延续性动词或状态连用。leave是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，因此用has been away表示“已经离开（持续状态）”。故选B。
47．I ________ in love with the character Flash since the release of Zootopia 1. How attractive!
A．have fallen B．have been C．fell D．have felt
【答案】B
【详解】句意：自从《疯狂动物城1》上映以来，我就爱上了闪电这个角色。多么吸引人啊！
考查现在完成时。根据“since”可知，此处需用现在完成时表示状态延续。fall in love为瞬间动词短语，强调动作完成，不能与since直接连用表示持续状态，be in love表示“处于爱上的状态”，可与since连用。故选B。
48．—It has been ten years since we met each other for the first time.
—How time flies! I can’t believe that we ________ friends for ten years.
A．made B．have made C．have been D．are making
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——自从我们第一次见面已经十年了。——时间过得真快！我不敢相信我们已经做了十年朋友了。
考查现在完成时表示持续状态的用法。made成为，过去式；have made已经成为，现在完成时，短暂性动词；have been已经成为/一直是，现在完成时，延续性动词；are making正在成为，现在进行时。根据“for ten years”可知，表示持续的时间段，需与表示延续状态的现在完成时连用。故选C。
49．Jenny is on a study exchange program in Tokyo. She ________ for a week.
A．has gone B．has come C．has been away D．has left
【答案】C
【详解】句意：珍妮在东京参加一个交换学习项目。她已经离开一周了。
考查现在完成时。has gone去了某地（还未回来）；has come已经来了（短暂性动词，不能与一段时间连用）；has been away已经离开（延续性动词，可与一段时间连用）；has left已经离开（短暂性动词，不能与一段时间连用）。根据“for a week”可知，此处需要使用延续性动词，表示珍妮离开的状态持续了一周，所以应该用has been away。故选C。
50．They ________ after their graduation. They ________ for five years.
A．married; have married B．got married; have been married
C．married; have been marrying D．got married; have married
【答案】B
【详解】句意：他们毕业后结婚了。他们已经结婚五年了。
考查动词时态和用法。第一个空“after their graduation”表示过去动作，可用“married”或“got married”表示结婚的动作；第二个空“for five years”表示持续状态，需用现在完成时“have been married”表示结婚状态持续至今。选项A的“have married”（动作完成）不能表示状态持续；选项C的“have been marrying”（结婚动作进行中）不符合逻辑，因“marry”是瞬间动词；选项D的“have married”同样不能与时间段连用。故选B。
51．—May I borrow this novel
—Of course. You can ________ it for two weeks.
A．borrow B．lend C．keep D．catch
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我可以借这本小说吗？——当然。你可以保留它两周。
考查动词辨析。borrow借入，是短暂性动词；lend借出，是短暂性动词；keep保留，保持，是延续性动词；catch抓住，是短暂性动词。根据“for two weeks”可知，此处与一段时间连用，用延续性动词，故选C。
52．Alice _________ a teacher since she graduated from college.
A．became B．has become C．was D．has been
【答案】D
【详解】句意：自从爱丽丝大学毕业以来，她一直是一名教师。
考查现在完成时。根据“since”可知，主句用现在完成时，表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，谓语应用延续性动词，D项符合。故选D。
53．Though they have ________ trouble for a long time, they are still ________ success.
A．got into; hoping to B．got into; hoping for
C．been in; hoping for D．been in; hoping to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：尽管他们长期处于困境，但仍然期待成功
考查延续性动词和介词的用法。got into“进入”，短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用；be in“处于”，表状态，具有延续性；hope for“希望”，后跟名词；hope to“希望”，后跟动词原形。根据“for a long time”可知，此处不能用短暂性动词，排除A、B；根据“success”可知，介词后面跟名词，排除D，故选C。
54．— Mike, could you please tell me ________
—Ever since 2007.
A．how long has Chen Meng joined the national team B．how long Chen Meng has joined the national team
C．how long has Chen Meng been in the national team D．how long Chen Meng has been in the national team
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Mike，你能告诉我陈梦加入国家队多久了吗？——自从2007年。
考查宾语从句的语序和动词用法。宾语从句中需使用陈述语序，A项和C项为疑问语序（has Chen Meng），故错误；join意为“加入”，是短暂性动词，不能与how long连用，而be in表示“在……中”，是持续性状态，B项使用joined错误，D项使用been in正确。故选D。
55．Jerry ________ the book for ten days. Please remind him that he needs to return it to the library tomorrow.
A．has borrowed B．has kept C．has been kept D．have been borrowed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：杰里已经借了这本书十天了。请提醒他明天需要把它归还给图书馆。
考查现在完成时。根据“for ten days”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，且动词需要用延续性动词，主语Jerry为第三人称单数，所以用has kept。故选B。
56．I borrowed the English storybook last week. I ________ it for a week.
A．have bought B．have kept C．have borrowed D．had
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我上周借了这本英文故事书。我已经保留它一周了。
考查现在完成时。根据“for a week”可知，此句是现在完成时，排除D选项；bought和borrowed都是短暂性动词，此处和一段时间连用，需要用延续性动词，kept符合。故选B。
57．Hurry up! The movie ________ for a few minutes.
A．has begun B．has been on C．began D．was on
【答案】B
【详解】句意：快点儿！电影已经开始几分钟了。
考查时态。根据“for a few minutes”可知，电影已经开始几分钟了，用现在完成时，且动词要用延续性动词。begin是非延续性动词，其延续表达为“be on”，因此空处是has been on。故选B。
58．—When did the teachers come to China
—They ________ China for seven years.
A．have come to B．have been to
C．have come in D．have been in
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——老师们什么时候来中国的？——他们已经在中国七年了。
考查现在完成时。have come to中come是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用；have been to表示去过某地，已经回来，强调经历，不能与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用；have come in中come是短暂性动词，in在这里使用错误，且不能与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用；have been in表示在某地待了多长时间，可以与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用。故选D。
59．—Has he returned the book to the library
—No. He has ______ it for one week.
A．borrowed B．lent C．kept D．bought
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——他把书还给图书馆了吗？——不，他已经保存了一个星期。
考查动词辨析。borrowed借入，短暂性动词；lent借出，短暂性动词；kept保留，延续性动词；bought购买，短暂性动词。根据“He has ... it for one week.”可知，此句为现在完成时，应该用延续性动词kept，表示将书保留一个星期。故选C。
60．I have _______ this bike for about two years. I always ride it to school.
A．had B．returned C．borrowed D．bought
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我拥有这辆自行车大约两年了。我总是骑着它去上学。
考查延续性动词的用法。had拥有，过去式和过去分词形式；returned归还，是短暂性动词；borrowed借入，是短暂性动词；bought买，是短暂性动词。“have”作为持续性动词，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，“for about two years”是一段时间，“have had”表示“已经拥有”，符合语法和语境。故选A。
五、题型五：含ever/never的现在完成时
61．—________ you ever ________ to the Great Wall
—Yes, twice. It’s amazing.
A．Have; been B．Have; gone C．Did; go D．Do; go
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你曾经去过长城吗？——去过，两次了。太壮观了。
考查动词时态及短语辨析。have been to表示“曾经去过某地，现在已不在那里”，现在完成时；have gone to表示“已经去了某地，此刻人不在这里”，现在完成时；Did...go一般过去时；Do...go一般现在时。根据“ever”及答句“Yes, twice. It’s amazing.”可知，需用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，且说话者已从长城返回，因此用have been to。故选A。
62．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it
— Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening.
A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——《哪吒2》真是令人惊喜！你看过了吗？——还没有。但是我计划这个周六晚上去电影院看。
考查现在完成时。already已经；yet还；ever曾经；just仅仅。根据“Have you...watched it ”可知，问句是含有ever的现在完成时的句子，表示“是否曾经做过某事？”，Not yet“还没有”是否定回答。故选B。
63．—Have you ________ been to France
—No, ________.
A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你曾经去过法国吗？——没有，从来没有。
考查副词。ever曾经，常与现在完成时连用，表示某个动作或状态是否曾经发生过；never从未。分析句子可知，第一空表示“曾经”；第二空表示“从未去过”。故选A。
64．I ________ think he ________ ever visited the island.
A．/; hasn’t B．don’t; was C．don’t; has D．don’t; will
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我想他从未去过那个岛。
考查宾语从句否定转移及时态。根据“ever”可知，从句要用现在完成时，主句是I think，从句表示否定要用否定转移，即否定要转移到主句上，故选C。
65．Neither my sister nor I ________ been to Xizang before.
A．have never B．has never C．have ever D．has ever
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我和妹妹以前都没有去过西藏。
考查现在完成时。have never从来不；has never从来不（has为have的第三人称单数）；have ever曾经；has ever曾经（has为have的第三人称单数）。根据“been to”和“before”可知本句应用现在完成时“have/has done”，又因“Neither my sister nor I”中neither...nor表示“两者都不”，本身为否定意义，谓语遵循“就近一致”原则，因离其最近的主语是I，动词用原形。故选C。
66．— Your ring is really nice.
— Thank you. I ________ it since I got married.
A．have had B．bought C．had D．have bought
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你的戒指真漂亮。——谢谢。自从我结婚我就买了。
考查延续性动词。根据“since I got married.”可知，句子要用现在完成时，排除BC；且句中谓语动词要用延续性动词，bought是非延续性动词。故选A。
67．We ________ each other since I came to Shanghai, but we send emails very often.
A．don’t see B．didn’t see C．won’t see D．haven’t seen
【答案】D
【详解】句意：自从我来到上海我们就没见过面，但我们经常发邮件。
考查现在完成时。see看见；根据“since I came to Shanghai,”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其构成为：have/has+动词的过去分词；主语we是第一人称复数，助动词用have，see的过去分词是seen。故选D。
68．Last night, the company launched its latest face recognition system. We ________ such advanced technology that can bring about a revolutionary change in user experience.
A．have never expected B．never expected C．never expect D．are never expecting
【答案】A
【详解】句意：昨晚，该公司推出了最新的人脸识别系统。我们没预料到能有这样先进的技术——它能为用户体验带来革命性的改变。
考查现在完成时态。根据“Last night, the company launched its latest face recognition system.”可知，从昨晚最新的人脸识别系统的推出到现在，我们都“没有预料到”，现在完成时“have never expected”能体现“从过去到现在的持续状态”。故选A。
69．What’s the best gift John __________ ever received
A．have B．has C．had D．having
【答案】B
【详解】句意：约翰收到过最好的礼物是什么？
考查动词时态。根据“ever”可知，本句是现在完成时(have/has done)，主语John是单数，助动词用has。故选B。
70．David has never been to Australia, ________
A．hasn’t he B．doesn’t he C．has he D．does he
【答案】C
【详解】句意：大卫从未去过澳大利亚，是吗？
考查反义疑问句。题干中“has never been”是现在完成时，助动词为has，never表否定。反义疑问句中如果陈述句为否定，反义疑问句的后半部分应用肯定疑问句。故选C。
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