资源简介

(共44张PPT)
UNIT 2
Stay healthy
单元知识点讲解
这两者都是表示“患病”的常用表达。
·
(1) sore throat喉咙痛 stomachache 肚子疼
(教材 P12 1a)
表示“患病”或“……痛”
have+a/an/
the+表示疾
病的名词
have a fever发烧
have a cold患感冒
have a cough咳嗽
have the flu患流感
【总结】
have+a/an+“表示身体部位的名
词+ache”
have a stomachache胃痛
have a toothache 牙痛
have a sore+
表示身体部
位的名词
have a sore throat喉咙痛
have a sore leg 腿痛
表示“患病”或“……痛”
have a headache 头痛
表示身体部位的名词+ hurt(s)
have a pain+
in+the+表示身体部位的名词
He has a pain in the knee.
他膝盖疼。
表示“患病”或“……痛”
My head hurts.我头疼。
是询问病人病情时最常用的问句，意思是“怎么了？”，其后通常与介词with连用。类似的问句还有：
What’s wrong
What’s wrong with you
What’s your trouble
What’s the trouble with you
What’s up
·
(2) What’s wrong / What’s the matter 怎么了 /出什么事了 (教材 P12 1d)
该句型常用于以下几种情况:
(1)用于询问某人有什么问题或发生了什么不愉快的事，意为“(……) 怎么了？”或“ (……)出什么事了？”。
—What’s wrong with Jim 吉姆怎么了？
—He left his homework at home. 他把家庭作业落在家里了。
该句型常用于以下几种情况:
(2)用于询问某人哪里不舒服，意为“ (……)怎么了 ”或“ (……)哪里不舒服 ”。
—What’s wrong/ the matter 怎么了？
—I have a headache. 我头痛。
(3) 用于询问某物出了什么毛病或故障，意为“ (……)出什么毛病了 ”。
—What’s the matter with this clock 这个时钟怎么了？
—It doesn’t work. 它坏了。
He is suffering from a bad cold. 他患了重感冒。
This company is suffering from a shortage of skilled staff. 这家公司苦于缺乏熟练员工。
·
(3) I’m suffering from a sore throat. 我喉咙痛。 (教材 P12 1d)
suffer from受苦；受折磨
此处suffer作动词，意为 “受苦，遭受”。
(4) ①Avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse. 暂时避免喝软饮料，因为气体可能会使疼痛加剧。
(教材P13 2c)
②Now my stomach aches. 现在我肚子疼。(教材 P15 4a)
其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
avoid doing sth. 避免/防止做某事
avoid v.避免；防止
It is important to take measures to avoid the risk of fire. 采取措施避免火灾风险很重要。
For safety, drivers must avoid smoking while driving. 为了安全起见，司机在驾驶期间必须避免抽烟。
完成句子，每空一词。
为了避免犯错，我们需要仔细阅读每一个问题。
To , we should read each question carefully.
avoid making mistakes
careless adj. 不小心的；粗心的
由“ care (n. 小心，谨慎) +-less( 形容词后缀) ”构成。
·
(5) Accidents can happen when we’re careless. 当我们粗心时 ，事故可能会发生。(教材 P13 2c)
It was careless of him to leave the door unlocked. 他忘了锁门，真是粗心。
拓
care n.
小心，谨慎
careful adj.
细心的
careless adj.
粗心的
carefully adv.
细心地
carelessly adv.
粗心地
反义词
反义词
[不可数名词](通常用法) take medicine 吃药
[可数名词](特指某种药)
·
. You should take some medicine and drink enough water. 你应该吃些药，并喝足够的水。（教材 P14 3a）
medicine n. 药；医学
Please take medicine on time, and you will get well soon. 请按时服药，你会很快康复的。
It is a good medicine for the cough. 这是治疗咳嗽的良药。
Laughter is the best medicine. 欢笑是一服良药。
[不可数名词]医学
medicine n. 药；医学
The young Darwin went to the university of Edinburgh to study medicine.
年轻的达尔文前往爱丁堡大学学习医学。
·
. It stops us from passing the flu virus to others easily.
它能防止我们轻易将流感病毒传染给别人。（教材 P14 3a）
The rain didn’t stop/keep us from enjoying the trip. 那场雨没有妨碍我们享受这次旅行。
Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly to the buildings. 大树阻挡了夏日的阳光直接照射到建筑物上。
stop sb./sth. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事
同义表达为 keep sb. /sth. from doing sth.
(2)[形容词]有耐心的
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心
The teacher is very patient with her students. 这位老师对她的学生很有耐心。
·
. patient 病人 （教材 P14 3d）
patient n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的
(1)[可数名词]病人
A patient should follow the doctor’s advice. 病人应该听从医嘱。
patient adj.有耐心的
impatient adj. 没有耐心的
patiently adv. 耐心地
patience n. 耐心
【拓】与patient相关的词：
由“ill (adj. 有病的) + -ness(名词后缀)”构成。
·
4. Asking about injuries/illnesses 询问伤势/病情（教材 P14 3d）
illness n. 疾病
With my parents’ care, I was well again after a serious illness. 在父母的照料下，重病之后我又恢复了健康。
-ness 是常见的名词后缀，表 示“……的性质（或状态、特点）”，常加在形容词后。
kind（友好的） + -ness→kindness(仁慈；善良)
happy(幸福的) + -ness→happiness(幸福)
dark(黑暗的) + -ness→darkness(黑暗)
含反身代词的一些常见搭配
enjoy oneself 玩得开心 by oneself 独自，单独
teach oneself 自学 learn by oneself 自学
for oneself 为自己 dress oneself 自己穿衣服
say to oneself 自言自语
help oneself to 自取，随便吃
Her clearest memory is not of the race itself , but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. 她最清晰的记忆不是比赛本身，而是第二天腿上的剧痛。(教材 P15 4b)
clear adj. 清晰的；清楚的 v.清理
[形容词]清晰的；清楚的
With hard work and clear plans, you will become successful in your study. 通过努力学习和清晰的计划，你就会在学习上取得成功。
It’s your turn to clear the table. 该轮到你收拾餐桌了。
I want you to clear all this mess up( = clear up all this mess) . 我想让你把这些乱七八糟的东西收拾干净。
[动词]清理
clear up 清理，使整洁
His leg is broken and he is suffering great pain.他的腿断了，正承受着巨大的痛苦。
She is going through the pleasures and pains of growing up. 她正经历着成长的苦与乐。
【拓】painful[形容词](身体部位)疼痛的；令人痛苦的
My foot is still too painful to walk on. 我的脚还是疼得不能走路。
pain n. 疼痛；痛苦
此处指身体上的疼痛 。此外，它还可指精神上的痛苦。
what’s more更有甚者，更为重要的是
用于引出更重要的信息，表示递进。既可放在句首，也可放在句中，其后常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。
·
What’s more , you could change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment... 更为重要的是，你可以调整屏幕的亮度以匹配环境…… (教材 P15 4c)
You have worked for such a long time. What’s more , it’s too late. 你已经工作了这么长时间，而且现在太晚了。
You should remember it, and what’s more, you should learn how to use it. 你应该记住它，更重要的是，你应该学会如何使用它。
(1)穿越；横过
指从物体表面穿过，相当于 go across。
The traffic light is red. It’s dangerous to cross ( = go across) the street now. 交通信号灯是红色的。现在过马路很危险。
(2)交叉
The two roads cross each other near the city hall. 这两条道路在市政厅附近相交。
·
(3) Of course , …and you certainly shouldn’t look at it when you cross the road!当然，……过马路时当然更不应该看！
(教材 P15 4c)
cross v.穿越；横过；交叉
catch fire 着火→ 强调动作
on fire 着火；起火→ 强调状态
·
①Do you know what to do if oil catches fire 你知道如果油着火了该怎么办吗 (教材 P16 1a)
②The pan was on fire! 平底锅着火了！(教材 P16 1b)
She was standing too close to the fireplace and her dress caught fire. 她站得离壁炉太近了，裙子被烧着了。
The whole house was on fire within minutes. 没一会儿，整幢房子都烧了起来。
·
(2)Then he turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. 然后他打开炉子，让油加热着，同时准备鸡肉。(教材 P16 1b)
—Mom, may I turn on the computer/turn the computer on
妈妈，我可以打开电脑吗
—Yes. If you finish your homework, you can turn it on.
可以。你如果完成了家庭作业，就可以打开它。
turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开
为“动词+副词”型短语。
人称代词作宾语时，要放在turn与on之间
由“ happy (adj. 快乐的)变y为i + -ly”构成，常用作状语。
Look! The visitors are rowing a boat happily on the lake. 看！游客们正在湖上愉快地划船。
·
(3)“ Guess what, ” Allen called out happily. “We won!”“你猜怎么着。”艾伦高兴地喊道，“我们赢了！”(教材 P16 1b)
拓
happy adj.
快乐的
happiness n.
快乐，幸福
happily adv.
快乐地；高兴地
happily / h p li/ adv.快乐地；高兴地
·
Allen was about to do so when he stopped short. 艾伦正要这么做，却突然停住了。(教材 P16 1b)
The train is about to leave. 火车马上就要开了。
We were just about to leave when Jerry arrived.我们正要离开，这时杰里来了。
be about to do sth. 即将/正要做某事
表示即将发生的动作，不可与表示将来的时间状语连用，但可与 when 构成“be about to do... when...”句型，表示“刚要做某事，这时……”。
·
Suddenly, they smelt smoke and found the pan was on fire. 突然，他们闻到了烟味，发现平底锅着火了。(教材 P17 1d)
smoke /sm k/ n.烟 v.吸烟；冒烟
(1)[不可数名词](燃烧产生的)烟
There is a lot of smoke coming from the building. 有大量的烟从大楼里冒出来。
Where there is smoke, there is fire. 无火不生烟/无风不起浪。
(2)[动词]吸(烟)；抽(烟)
He has a good living habit. He neither smokes nor drinks.
他生活习惯很好，既不抽烟也不喝酒。
(3)[动词]冒烟
That old car smokes when you start it up.
那辆旧车启动时会冒烟。
Luckily, we can use AI for good ideas now.
幸运的是，我们现在可以用人工智能来想出好主意。
·
Luckily, James was not badly hurt. 幸运的是，詹姆斯伤得不重。 (教材 P17 1d)
luckily / l k li/ adv.幸运地
常位于句首修饰整个句子。
反义词
lucky adj.
幸运的
拓
luck n.
运气
反义词
luckily adv.
幸运地
unlucky adj.
不幸的
unluckily adv.
不幸地
·
At the hospital, the doctor checked Kelly’s arm carefully. 在医院里，医生仔细检查了凯莉的胳膊。(教材 P18 2c)
check /t ek/ v.检查；查明 n.检查；调查
Before handing in your paper, check if your name and number are correct. 交卷之前，检查一下你的姓名和号码是否正确。
Your answer might be right, but I’m going to check to make sure. 你的答案可能是正确的，但是我要核查下以确保正确。
(1)[动词]检查；查明
Could you give the tyres a check 你能检查一下轮胎吗
We should complete a safety check before starting the project. 我们在启动项目前应完成安全调查。
(2)[名词]检查；调查
From now on I’ll be more careful. 从今以后，我会更加细心。
To make the earth a better place, everyone should learn to love our planet from now on. 为了让地球成为一个更好的地方，从现在起，每个人都应该学会爱我们的地球。
·
“ I’ll take better care of myself from now on, ” Mark promised. “从现在起我会更好地照顾自己。”马克保证道。 (教材 P19 3a)
from now on从现在起
常与一般将来时连用。
From then on, I practised even harder. 从那时起，我练习得更加努力。
from then on从现在起
常与一般过去时连用。
【拓展】
Let's learn and take notes.
Nosebleed / n zbli d/ n. 鼻出血
这是一个复合名词，由 nose + bleed 构成。
常用搭配：have a nosebleed（流鼻血）。
动词形式为 bleed /bli d/（流血），过去式为 bled，过去分词为 bled。
词
讲
练
He had a nosebleed after falling off his bike.
If you have a nosebleed, sit up and press down on your nose.
例
He has a __________ because he was hit by a football.
如果你流鼻血了，按压鼻子两侧。
___________________________________________________________
nosebleed
If you have a nosebleed, you should press both sides of your nose.
Let's learn and take notes.
ache /e k/ n. & v. 疼痛
作名词时，常与身体部位构成复合词：stomachache, toothache, backache。
作动词时，意为 “疼痛”，用法：身体部位 + aches。
过去式和过去分词均为 ached。
词
讲
练
My back aches after lifting heavy boxes.
She has an ache in her shoulder from playing tennis.
例
His head ______ (ache) because he stayed up late.
2. I have an ______ (ache) in my knee after running.
aches
ache
Let's learn and take notes.
careless / ke l s/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的
词
讲
练
You were careless when you rode your bike, so you fell.
Be careful not to make the same mistake again.
例
Don’t be _________ (care) when you cross the street.
He is a ________ (care) driver, so he never has accidents.
careless
careful
形容词，由 care / ke / v. 关心；照顾 + -less（表否定的后缀）构成。
反义词：careful / ke fl/（小心的）。
常用搭配：be careless（粗心），be careful（小心）。
Let's learn and take notes.
description /d skr p n/ n. 描写；形容
词
讲
练
The patient gave a description of her symptoms to the doctor.
His description of the accident was very clear.
例
Please give a ___________ (describe) of how you got hurt.
She ________ (describe) her pain to the doctor.
description
described
名词，由动词 describe /d skra b/（描述）+ -tion 后缀构成。
常用搭配：give a description of（描述……）。
Let's learn and take notes.
fall /f l/ v./n. 掉落；跌倒 / 进入（某状态）；秋天（美式）
过去式：fell
固定搭配：fall off 从……掉下来 fall down 跌倒；倒塌
fall asleep 入睡 fall in love with 爱上
fall into 落入 in the fall/autumn 在秋季
词
讲
练
Jeff fell off his bike and hurt himself.
Don’t run on the wet floor—you might fall down!
She was so tired that she fell asleep as soon as she lay on the bed.
They fell in love with each other in the fall.
例
He ______ (fall) off the tree and got a bruised knee last week.
Be careful on the stairs, or you will __________ (fall down).
They met in 2023 and soon ________________ (fall in love with) each other.
______ (fall) is my favorite season because the leaves turn golden.
fell
fall down
fell in love with
Fall
Let's learn and take notes.
match /m t / v. /n. 适应；符合 / 相配；匹配 / 比赛；竞赛
第三人称单数/名词复数：matches 过去式：matched
固定搭配：match…with… 把…和…匹配
词
讲
练
Chameleons match the environment by changing their colour.
变色龙通过改变体色来适应环境。
I need a tie to match my suit. 我需要一条领带来配我的西装。
There will be a football match in my school next month.下个月我学校将会有一场足球比赛。
例
完成句子：请把这些单词和对应的图片匹配起来。
→ Please ______ these words ______ the corresponding pictures.
单句改错（找出错误并改正）：
He often watch football match on weekends.
match with
watches matches
Let's learn and take notes.
instead of与instead 两者都可意为“代替”
词
讲
练
串记：We shouldn’t use plastic bags. Instead, we should take our own bags.
Besides, we should also walk instead of driving to the supermarket．
例
用instead of或instead填空：
You shouldn’t look at your phone when walking. ______, you can listen to music.
We should ride bikes _________ driving cars to protect the environment.
She didn’t buy the expensive dress. She chose a cheap one ______.
Instead
instead
instead of 介词短语 位于句首或句中，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式
instead 副词 常位于句首或句末，修饰整个句子
instead of

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