资源简介

(共25张PPT)
Unit 5
Looking into nature
Understanding ideas-Grammar
学习由 that、if 和 whether 引导的宾语从句的基本结构和用法。(学习理解）
运用宾语从句的语法规则完成相关练习。（应用实践）
运用所学的宾语从句，写一篇关于自然发现的短文。
(迁移创新)
学习目标
本节课结束时，学生将能够：
01
02
03
找出下面句子的宾语
名词
I like bananas.
I can't find her.
Tony finished doing her homework.
He wants to go shopping.
We hope that it will snow this winter.
I think that we shall become good friends.
代词
动词的-ing
to do
句子
Lead in
宾语从句
放在动词后面作宾语的句子，我们称为宾语从句。
Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.
5
For hundreds of years, people believed that dinosaurs looked
like big lizards.
(b) They can tell us whether dinosaurs had feathers, but that’s not all.
What can you find
Presentation
that/whether引导的宾语从句
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
Presentation
People believed that dinosaurs looked like huge lizards.
Scientists now know that this idea is wrong.
They also help us understand that life on earth has always changed.
But the find proves that it did 35 million years ago.
Research shows that they are a completely new species.
Scientists used to believe that ants came from the northern half of …
Analyze the sentence structure
主句（主语+谓语）
+ 引导词
+ 从句（主语+谓语+其他）
Presentation
that引导的宾语从句
核心规则
当宾语从句的谓语动词表示肯定的概念，用来陈述一个事实、观点或情况（也就是陈述句）时，一般用that引导。
1.从句是陈述句：用来告诉别人 “是什么”“怎么样”。
3.常见主句动词：know, believe, understand, prove, show, think, say, hope 等。
2.that 无实际意义：只起连接作用，只具有语法功能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是作前面动词的宾语的，多数情况下that可以省略。
Presentation
They can tell us whether dinosaurs had feathers.
Who knows whether this piece of amber will tell us more secrets
Amber may also help us discover if other species have changed over.
Analyze the sentence structure
主句（主语+谓语）
+ 引导词
+ 从句（主语+谓语+其他）
当主句的谓语动词（如 ask, wonder, know, tell, want to know 等）后面需要接一个 “是” 或 “否” 的问题时，我们用 whether 或 if 来引导这个宾语从句。
Presentation
whether 和 if 的主要区别
在大多数情况下，whether 和 if 可以互换使用。但在以下几种特定情况下，通常只能用 whether，而不能用 if。
情况 例句
1. 与 or not 直接连用 I don't know whether or not he will come.
2. 介词之后 It depends on whether he has time.
3. 不定式 (to do) 之前 She hasn't decided whether to go or stay.
Exercises
单选题
1. She hasn't decided ______ to go to Beijing or Shanghai.
A. if B. whether C. that
2. He asked me ______ I was happy with my new job.
A. if B. that C. what
3. I wonder ______ it will rain tomorrow.
A. that B. if C. what
4. I know ______ he is a good student.
A. that B. if C. whether
5. She thinks ______ this book is very interesting.
A. if B. that C. whether
Have a try
Presentation
宾语从句语序
I know that he is a student.
I don't know if/whether he is a student.
+引导词
主句
+ 宾语从句
陈述句语序：主语+动原+其他.
无论宾语从句原来是陈述句、一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句，一旦作为宾语从句，其语序必须是 “主语 + 谓语” 的陈述语序。
Exercises
1. She asked me ______.
A. if I am busy B. if was I busy C. if I was busy
2. They want to know ______.
whether will it rain tomorrow B. whether it will rain tomorrow
C. whether it rains tomorrow
3. The teacher told us ______.
A. that the earth goes around the sun
B. that does the earth go around the sun
C. that the earth went around the sun
Have a try
Presentation
宾语从句时态
He said that he was happy.
She thought that he was reading.
主句： 一般过去时
宾语从句： 一般过去时
主句： 一般过去时
宾语从句： 过去进行时
主句是__________，宾语从句可以是______________。
过去时
相应的过去时态
口诀:主“过”从必“过”
Presentation
宾语从句的时态
I know that he lives in Beijing.
We believe that he will win the game.
She thinks that he has gone to school.
主句是____________，宾语从句可以是______________。
主句： 一般现在时
宾语从句： 一般现在时
主句： 一般现在时
宾语从句： 一般将来时
主句： 一般现在时
宾语从句： 现在完成时
现在时
任何适当时态
口诀:主“现”从不“限”
Presentation
宾语从句的时态
The teacher taught us that practice makes perfect.
He asked me if light travels faster than sound.
主句： 一般过去时
宾语从句： 一般现在时
主句： 一般过去时
宾语从句： 一般现在时
主句是______________________________________________，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用______________。
一般现在时
客观真理、科学事实、格言或现在仍然存在的习惯时
口诀:真理永不变。
Exercises
1. He said ______.
A. that he is a student B. that he was a student
C. that he were a student
2. She asked me ______.
A. if I will go to the park B. if I would go to the park
C. if I go to the park
3.They will tell you ______.
A. whether the meeting starts at 8 o'clock
B. whether the meeting started at 8 o'clock
C. whether the meeting would start at 8 o'clock
Have a try
Connect the sentences with that, if or whether.
6
1. Is there life in outer space Scientists aren’t sure.
Emily wants to know if / whether Mr Brown is interested in insects or birds.
John told his parents that he wanted to be a scientist and study plants.
Scientists aren’t sure if / whether there is life in outer space.
Practice
2. "I want to be a scientist and study plants," John told his parents.
3. Is Mr Brown interested in insects or birds Emily wants to know.
Complete the messages with that, if or whether.
7
Practice
if / whether
that
whether
that
if / whether
that
Work in pairs. Look at the notice and write a short passage about exploring nature.
8
Production
Work in pairs. Look at the notice and write a short passage about exploring nature.
8
Production
For hundreds of years, people believed that...
... made an amazing discovery.
By....found / realised / saw that...
It proves that...
It teaches us that...
Research shows that...
Useful expressions：
A Discovery About Whale Sounds
Some whales make long, low sounds when they swim. For hundreds of years, people thought that these sounds were just random noises. They also wondered if the whales were singing to each other.
By watching and listening carefully, scientists made an amazing discovery. Research shows that these low sounds are a special “language” for whales. What’s amazing is that whales can send these sounds very far under the sea. They can talk to their partners even when they are thousands of kilometres apart. It proves that whales are much smarter than we once thought.
This discovery teaches us that nature is full of secrets. We should keep exploring and watching carefully. Then we will find more wonderful truths about the world around us.
Exercises
单选题。
I don’t know ______ he will come tomorrow.
______ he comes, please tell me.
A. if; That B. whether; If C. that; Whether
2. The little boy asked ______ mother would buy him a new bike.
A. that B. if C. what
3. Scientists believe ______ humans can live on Mars in the future.
A. if B. that C. whether
4. I am not sure ______ they can finish the work on time.
A. that B. what C. if
5. He told me ______ he had never been to Paris.
A. if B. that C. whether
Summary
Today we learned about object clauses introduced by that, if, and whether. Here are the key points:
1.That-clauses are used to report statements or beliefs.
（that 引导的宾语从句）
2.If / whether-clauses are used to report yes/no questions or choices. （if /whether 引导的宾语从句）
3.宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），不能用疑问语序。
Homework
Must do:
1.记忆本节课的单词和短语，重点句型;
2.完成课后的相关练习。
Choose to do:
Task: Mini-talk – A Window on the Past
请你准备一段1-2分钟的英文微型演讲，向大家介绍一种帮助我们了解过去的自然物或自然现象,例如：琥珀、洞穴壁画等。
要求：使用至少2个宾语从句，引导词包括 that, if 或 whether。可以参考课文中的句型。
Thank you

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