资源简介

(共40张PPT)
Unit 2
Section 2 Grammar
2024年牛津版
英语（七年级下）
Travelling around the world
课堂教学目的
1
2
新课导入
3
Content
课堂活动
5
课堂训练
6
课堂小结
4
课堂重难点
课堂教学目的
1
2
课堂重难点
并通过学习语法板块语篇，引导学生掌握关于专有名词的语法知识点，学会掌握连词and, but和so的含义和用法。
文化意识
课堂重难点
思维品质
课堂教学目的
学会在语境中正确使用专有名词和连词。通过这些知识加深对课文的理解。
通过编写旅游指南关注生活中美好的事物。
探索和总结本单元目标语言，内化所学的内容更好理解目标语言。
OK, but WHY They are not at the beginning of a sentence...
Proper nouns
Common nouns
I love paris. I went to the champs-elysees and bought a toy dog named david there!
Good job dear, but don't forget to use capital letters for Paris, the Champs-Elysees and David.
This is Mike’s diary. Please correct his mistakes.
新课导入
3
girl
book
park
Common nouns（普通名词）: names of common people, places and things.
Proper nouns（专有名词）: names of specific（具体的） people, places and things.
Li Xian
Shenzhen Bay Park
Little Woman
person
park
book
Proper noun:
Shenzhen
Common noun:
city
She is from a city.
She is from Shenzhen.
I think the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is the most beautiful bridge.
Proper noun:
Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge
Common noun:
bridge
He loves dogs.
I love Snoopy.
Proper noun:
Snoopy
Common noun:
dog
Proper noun:
Ne Zha 2
Common noun:
movie
I saw a movie yesterday.
I saw Home Coming yesterday.
The family went to a city and visited a tower.
The Chens went to Paris and visited the Eiffel Tower.
family
city
tower
the Chens
Paris
the Eiffel Tower
The girls went to a cinema and watched a movie.
went to and watched .
Lily and Lucy
Wan Da Cinema
Avatar 2
The girls
a cinema
a movie
Lily and Lucy
Wan Da Cinema
Avatar 2
people: schools：
places: books:
organizations: movies:
days of the week: stores:
holidays: brands:
months:
Jack Welch
the United States
the Red Cross
Wednesday
the Dragon Boat Festival
March
Peking University
Harry Potter
Kungfu Panda
Walmart
Huawei
...many many more
A proper nouns
We use proper nouns to refer to particular people, places, organizations,
time periods, etc.
课堂活动
4
Su Wen wrote a blog post about his trip to Paris. Read the post and pay attention to the words in bold
It is the first day of my trip to France. I'm now with my friend Alfred in Paris. Today we visit the Louvre Museum. It is July, so it is very hot outside. We need to stand in line for a long time to get in, but we are still very excited to see the famous artworks inside.
Tomorrow we will visit the Eiffel Tower and take a cruise on the River Seine. In the evening we'll watch the French National Day celebrations! There is so much to see and do before I leave for Provence on Wednesday!
A proper noun always starts with a capital letter. We do not usually capitalize the、prepositions and conjunctions in proper nouns.
专有名词总是以大写字 母开头。专有名词中的 the、介词及连词通常不大写首字母。
专有名词 Proper Noun
专有名表示某一特定的人名，团体，地方，地名，江河湖海名称，书名，标题,歌曲名，机构名，日期，节日名或者某一事物所专有的名词。其开头的
第一个字母要大写。
主要可分为：
人名前的称呼或头衔，如: Mr Smith, Uncle Wang。
2. 地名、国名和人名等专有名词，如：China, Jack。
3. 某些专有名词词组由普通名词构成，如：the United States, the Great Wall。
注意：这类专有名词词组除其中的冠词、较短的介
词和连词外， 每个词的第一个字母都要大写；
4. 星期、月份名称， 如: Sunday, August 。
5. 一些大型节日名称，如: Children’s Day。注意： 这类节日名称的第一
个字母都要大写。
6. 表示语种、民族的名词或形容词， 如:
a Chinese teacher, an English book, a French film。
7. 大多数的缩略词， 如：CCTV, ID, CD。
1、每个词的第一个字母都必须大写 (名称不论在句子的什么地方都要大写 )
如：Richard Stone
中文的人名和地名，除了少数有历史意义或广为流传已经约定俗成的名词之外，例如Sun Yat-sen (孙中山)，Hong Kong (香港), Peking (北京)，Inner Mongolia (内蒙古)等，其它人名、地名都要求用现代汉语拼音来拼写。
专有名词的特点
2. 专有名词表示特定的人名、地名或组织机构等的名称，一般具有唯一性。
3. 有些专有名词表面上看是复数形式，但是在实际使用中指的是一个整体，因此谓语动词通常用单数形式。
如：联合国守护全世界。
The United Nations looks after the whole world.
4. 有些普通名词变成专有名词后，意思发生变化。
如：west 西面，the West 西方国家
china 瓷器，China 中国。
5. 有些专有名词前带定冠词the：
① 大多数国名前不加定冠词the。但当国名为复数名词或词组以“
名词+of+名词”或“形容词+名词”为结构）时必须加定冠词the。
如：the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国。
② 由普通名词构成的专有名词前加定冠词the。
如：the Great Wall 长城；the Summer Palace 颐和园。
③ 表示江、河、湖、海、山、岛、沙漠等的专有名词前加定冠词the。
如：the Pacific Ocean 太平洋；the Yellow River 黄河。
④ 表示酒店、电影院、戏院等的专有名词前加定冠词the。
如：the Garden Hotel 花园酒店。
⑤ 含有festival 的节日前加定冠词the。
如：the Spring Festival 春节。
专有名词的特点
6.有些单词字母的大小写不同，词义也不一样。
如：Rose 罗斯(姓名)——rose玫瑰花
　　China 中国——china 陶瓷或中国(不特指)
1 Read the passage below. Some of the words should begin with a capital letter. Underline these words and correct them.
Last july, I went to beijing to visit uncle zhang. He took me to many interesting places such as the great wall, the summer palace and the palace museum.
July
Beijing
Uncle Zhang
Great Wall
Summer Palace
Palace Museum
I learnt a lot about the ming and the qing dynasties. We also visited the main stadium for the 2008 olympics. We went shopping on wangfujing street. I had a wonderful time in beijing and I plan to visit it again during the spring festival next year.
Ming
Qing Dynasties
Olympics
Wangfujing Street
Beijing
Spring Festival
B Conjunctions: and, but and so
We use the conjunctions and, but and so to link two sentences. They show different relationships between the sentences.
All my family love rugby, so we decided to go to London to watch a match. My dad drove us there, but he put the wrong destination in the map app. After a long drive, we ended up in Little London, a small village in the countryside! We missed the match, but the village was pretty and I liked it a lot.
We use and to mean “also". It can also be used to show that
We use and to mean “also". It can also be used to show that one thing happens after another. We use but to show a different idea, and so to show a result or a decision.
and用于表示"也”。它 也可被用来表示一件 事在另一件事之后发生。
but 用于表示不同的内 容，体现转折关系。
so 用于表示结果或决 定，体现因果关系。
Conjunctions: and, but and so
1　and的用法：并列连词and意为“和，又”，表示并列关系，常用来连接表示对等成分的单词、短语或者句子，表示意思的顺延或增补。例如：
Our Maths teacher is kind and helpful.
我们数学老师和蔼可亲而且乐于帮助我们。(连接连个形容词）
I went to the supermarket and bought some vegetables this morning.
今天早上我去超市买了一些蔬菜。
（连接两个动词短语，表示意思的顺延，动作的先后发生）
Her uncle gave her a new bike as her birthday present and she liked it very much.
她叔叔给了他一辆新自行车作为生日礼物，她非常喜欢。（连 接连个简单句，表示意思的顺延，并列句）
and用作并列连词有多重含义，除了表示并列关系外，还可以表示目的（and之后）和条件（and之前）等关系。例如：
Come and see my family. 来见见我家人。（see表示目的）
Be careful, and you will make fewer mistakes.
如果仔细，你犯的错误就少。（Be careful表示条件）
2　but的用法：并列连词but意为“但是”，表示转折关系，所连接的成分意思相反或相对。例如：
Our school is small but beautiful.
我们学校虽然小但很漂亮。（连接两个形容词，意思相对）
The car is very old but it runs very fast.
虽然小汽车旧了，但跑得很快。
3　so的用法：并列连词so表示“因此、所以”之意，常用来连接两个简单句，这两个简单句有意思上的因果关系。例如：
The rain began to fall, so we went home.
天开始下雨了，所以我们就回家了。
Everyone in the town knew him ,so we had no trouble finding his house.
镇上谁都认识他，因此他们毫不费力就找到了他的家。
so和从属连词because（因为）不能一起连用。也就是说，使用了并列连词）。就不用because(从属连词）；使用了because，就不用so。例如：他病了，没去上学。
He was ill, so he didn't go to school
(本句是一个由并列连词so连接的并列句）
He didn't go to school because he was ill.
（本句是一个由从属连词because引导的主从复合句）
拓展用法
1. “祈使句+and+一般将来时的陈述句”and表示承接。
Work hard and you will pass the exam.
用工读书你就会通过考试。
2. “祈使句+or+一般将来时的陈述句”or在此表示否则。
Hurry up, or you will be late.
快点，不然你会迟到的。
2 Read the story below and fill in the blanks with and, but or so.
A beach holiday
by David Brown
I went on holiday to the beach with my family last year. We travelled by train ⑴______arrived on Saturday morning. I wanted to go surfing,(2)______
I went to the beach. Mum and Dad wanted to watch me surf. They got some beach chairs(3)_______found a good spot to sit. I jumped into the water ⑷________started surfing. The waves were good, ⑸________the wind was too strong. I surfed for 20 minutes ⑹______then decided to take a break. When I went back to the beach to drink some water, I met another teenage boy with a surfboard. His name was Ken. We started talking,⑺______ we discovered that we had a lot in common.
and
so
and
and
but
and
and
The light was very good, ⑻_______ he decided to take some photos of me surfing. This photo here is one of my favourites!
That holiday, Ken and I went surfing together every day. It turned out he lived in the same town as me, ⑼_______ we decided to meet up after the holiday.
so
so
3 Write about a memorable holiday experience. Use and, but or so when necessary. You can write about the topics below, or any other topics you are interested in.
an interesting person you met
a beautiful / an interesting place you visited
some unforgettable experiences
delicious dishes you tried
something you learnt
课堂小结
5
We have learned how to use proper nouns and
conjunctions and, but, and so.
一、根据汉语意思完成句子。
I often play football on _______ (星期日).
2. Do you like ____________________ (春节).
3. ___________ (格林一家人) are watching TV.
4. ___________ is the International(国际) Working Women’s Day.
5. Paris is the capital of ______ (法国).
Sunday
the Spring Festival
The Greens
March 8th
France
课堂训练
6
1.Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you
will be fined (罚款).
A. or B. and C. but D. then
2. Tony is a clever boy, ______ he usually fails in Chinese exams.
A. so B. but C. or D. because
二、单项选择。
3. Money is important ______ it’s not the most important thing.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
4. Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, ______ at last she succeeded.
A. so B. or C. but D. and
5. Maria didn’t catch the last bus, ______she had to walk home.
A. because B. so C. but D. and
6. It’s a nice house _______ it hasn’t got a garden.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
7. — Was the boy saved
— No. The doctors tried their best,_______ they failed.
A. and B. so C. but D. or
8. She can speak little English _______ she dare to talk with foreigners.
A. so B. or C. as D. but
9. Help others whenever you can _______you’ll make the world a nicer
place to live.
A. and B. or C. unless D. but
三、用and, but, so填空。
1. She is tall ________ thin.
她又高又瘦。
2. He is not my father, ________ my uncle.
他不是我爸爸，而是我叔叔。
3. I didn’t get up at 7:00 this morning, ________ I was late for school.
今早7点钟我还没有起床，所以上学迟到了。
4. I am tired today, ________ I go to bed early.
今天我很累，所以早早上床睡觉了。
and
but
so
so
5. He is not my friend, ________ my enemy.
他不是我的朋友，而是我的敌人。
6. The story is very interesting , ______ we all like it .
这个故事很有趣，所以我们大家都很喜欢。7. The door was locked, ________ we couldn’t get in .
门上锁了，所以我们进不去。
8. It is very cold , ________ wear a heavy coat.
外边很冷，因此穿上一件厚大衣。
but
so
so
so

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