资源简介

(共40张PPT)
Unit 4
Section 4 Focusing culture,
Cross-curricular connection, Project
2024年牛津版
英语（七年级下）
Our animal friends
课堂教学目的
1
2
新课导入
3
Content
课堂活动
5
课堂训练
6
课堂小结
4
课堂重难点
课堂教学目的
1
2
课堂重难点
1,阅读了解动物是如何被驯养。
2.引导学生开展跨学科学习，生物学知识，了解蜜蜂的生命周期。指导我们如何探讨自然界的秘密。在项目任务中运用本单元所学知识，做一个动物的展示介绍。
文化意识
课堂重难点
思维品质
课堂教学目的
1.了解动物如何被驯养的相关知识。
2.能够阅读相关的文章。
树立动物和人和谐相处、尊重生命意识、珍爱生命的重要意义。
引导我们继续探讨我们动物朋友的秘密，使我们更好与他们相处。
新课导入
3
Do you know how wild animals became our friends and helpers
Some of them were domesticated, trained and chosen, over thousands of years, the wild animals with friendly genes turned into our friends and helpers.
domesticated
trained
chosen
keeping
Many many years ago people hunted large animals and often left meat on the ground，this attracted wolves, people caught baby wolves and trained them to hunt. By keeping wolves with friendly genes over generations, they finally turned into dogs which became people's friends and helpers.
turned into
wolf
dog
Let’s look! how dogs became our friends and helpers
People domesticated aurochs, a wild ox. Aurochs provided milk, meat and were good for work. By choosing aurochs with good genes, over time, they turned into the cows we have today.
Aurochs 野牛
turned into
cows
Let’s look! how cows became our friends and helpers
People caught wild boar piglets for meat. Raised in human care, they became less wild. Those with good traits were chosen, and they turned into domestic pigs.
Boar野猪
pigs
turned into
Let’s look! how pigs became our friends and helpers
Long ago, there were lots of rats near where people lived. Cats liked to eat rats, so they came too. People saw that cats could catch rats, so they let cats stay. Then, people started to train the nice cats. Generations after generations，these cats became friendlier.
turned into
Let’s look! how cats became our friends and helpers
课堂活动
4
Focusing on culture
How did wild animals become our friends and helpers
Think
Many farm animals and pets used to be wild animals. How did they become our friends and helpers Let's find out what happened.
The story of domestication.
Long ago, dogs, sheep and cows used to be wild animals. How did they turn into pets and farm animals Let's find out.
Dogs
The story of domestication started somewhere in Asia about 15,000 to 23,000 years ago. Back then, people moved across the land. They hunted large animals and often left meat on the ground. This attracted wolves and they probably began following the hunters. Some people started catching baby wolves. They trained these young wolves to hunt with them. With every generation, people kept wolves with friendly genes. Over thousands of years, these pet wolves turned into dogs.
1.Read the article about domestication and find out how animals were domesticated.
Sheep.
Around 13,000 years ago, people in West Asia began to domesticate animals like sheep. Sheep are small and not very dangerous, and they move in big groups and follow their leader. This makes them easy to domesticate. They became an important source of meat. Later, the farmers also learnt how to make clothes from their wool.
Cows.
People in West Asia started to domesticate aurochs, a kind of wild ox, sometime after 8,000 BCE. Aurochs are now extinct, but they used to live all over Europe and Asia. They provided people with milk and meat, and they were also good working animals. As with other animals, people chose to keep aurochs with good genes, and the animals slowly turned into the cows we see today. Over many thousands of years, pets and farm animals changed because of human efforts. The story of domestication still continues today.
Notes
Read the text and answer the following questions!
1.Where did the story of dog domestication start
2.When did people in West Asia begin to domesticate sheep
3.Why were sheep easy to domesticate
The story of dog domestication started somewhere in Asia.
Around 13,000 years ago.
Sheep are small and not very dangerous, and they move in big
groups and follow their leader.
4. What kind of wild ox did people in West Asia start to domesticate
5. What did aurochs provide people with
People in West Asia started to domesticate aurochs.
Aurochs provided people with milk and meat, and they were also
good working animals.
2 Complete the table with the information from the article on page 62.
The earliest domesticated animals Dogs Sheep Cows
Dogs Time: （1）________ Time: (4) _________ Time:
⑺________
Place:(2)___________ Place:(5) _________ Place:(8)________
They helped people They provided people They provided people with
⑶___________ with (6)__________ (9)_______________
They were(10)_________
about 15,000-23,000 years ago
somewhere in Asia
with hunting
around 13,000 years ago
West Asia
meat and wool
sometime after 8000 BCE
West Asia
milk and meat
good working animals
effort extinct probably somewhere source
3 Complete the sentences with the words below. Change the form if necessary.
(1) Many years ago, some wild animals, such as wolves, ________began living
closer to humans to get food.
(2) Thanks to the ________ of early fanners, many different animals were
domesticated.
(3) Sheep were domesticated because they were a good ________of meat.
(4) The farmer needed __________ to keep his horses in winter.
(5) Aurochs went __________ in the wild, and their domesticated relatives developed into the cows we see today.
extinct
probably
efforts
source
somewhere
Languages points
1.How did they turn into pets and farm animals
turn into意思是“变成” 例句 ：
The rain turned into snow overnight.雨在一夜之间变成了雪。
He turned his hobby into a successful business.他把爱好变成了成功的生意。
turn还构成了许多其他短语：
turn on ：打开（电器、自来水、煤气等）。
turn off ：关上（电器、自来水、煤气等）
turn up ：出现；找到；（把收音机等）开大点。
turn down ：（把音量等）关小；拒绝。
turn over ：打翻；使倾倒；反复考虑。
turn to ：翻到（页码）；转向（某人求帮助、建议等）。
turn out ：结果是；证明是。
2.This attracted wolves and they probably began following the hunters.
这吸引了狼群，它们可能开始追随猎人。
Probably “可能”
probably、perhaps和possibly这三个副词都用来表示可能性，但它们在语气和用法上有所不同 。
probably 表示的可能性最大，它强调有根据、合情合理的推测，语气较强。例如： He is probably at home.他很可能在家。
perhaps表示的可能性相对较小，通常用于表达一种不太确定的猜测或建议，语气较为委婉。它一般放在句首，也可以用于句中或句末。例如：
Perhaps he will come tomorrow.也许他明天会来。
possibly 它强调客观存在的可能性，但通常认为这种可能性较小。它常与情态动词如"may"、"might"、"can"或"could"连用。
She was possibly the greatest writer of her generation.
她也许是她那时代最伟大的作家。
3.Over thousands of years, these pet wolves turned into dogs.
“over” 用作介词，表示 “在…… 期间；经过（一段时期）”。强调了在数千年的时间段内，宠物狼逐渐变成了狗。
Over常见的基本用法有：
1.表示 “在…… 之上；越过”，例如：
The bridge is over the river.桥在河上。
2.表示 “超过；多于”，如：
Over 50 people attended the meeting.超过 50 人参加了会议。
3.表示 “遍及；在…… 各处”，如：
She traveled all over the world.她游遍了世界各地。
4.They became an important source of meat. Later, the farmers also learnt how to make clothes from their wool.
它们成为了重要的肉类来源。后来，农民们也学会了如何用羊毛做衣服。
source 表示“来源”或“出处”，以下是一些例句 ：
Your local library will be a useful source of information.
你们当地的图书馆是很好的资料来源。
My wages are the principal source of my income.
薪金是我收入的主要来源。
The library has a vast collection of reference sources .
该图书馆藏有大量的参考原始资料。
5.sometime after 8,000 BCE. Aurochs are now extinct, but they used to live all over Europe and Asia.
大约在公元前8000年之后某个时候。野牛现在已经灭绝，但它们曾经生活在欧洲和亚洲各地。
sometimes 有时候
some times 几次
some time 一段时间
sometime adv. 来日；在某一时候；
He will realize that he is wrong sometime.
Sometimes Miss Cat is funny.
We plan to stay in Hainan for some time.
He has been to France some times.
extinction n. 灭绝；消亡
become extinct 灭绝；绝种
go extinct 灭绝
an extinct volcano 死火山
extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的
A species once extinct is gone forever.
Which of these animals is not extinct
6.Over many thousands of years, pets and farm animals changed because of human efforts.
几千年来，由于人类的努力，宠物和农场动物发生了变化。
effort主要用作名词，努力，艰难的尝试。例如：
He made a great effort to finish the project on time.
他为了按时完成项目付出了巨大的努力。
常见短语及例句
1.make an effort ：表示“作出努力”，
Please make an effort to get there on time.请尽力按时到达那里。
2.spare no effort ：意思是“不遗余力，不计代价”
I'll spare no effort to help you.我将不遗余力地帮助你。
3.put effort into ：表示“对某事付出很大力气”。
They are putting effort into reducing waste.他们正在努力减少浪费。
...
...
Your ideas
4 Discuss the questions below.
(1) Why were dogs, sheep and cows domesticated first
Dogs were domesticated first because people left meat on the ground which attracted wolves and some people started catching baby wolves and training them. Sheep were domesticated because they are small, not very dangerous, move in big groups and follow their leader. Cows were domesticated as they provided people with milk and meat and were good working animals.
Notes
Notes
(2) How do these domesticated animals benefit us today, and how would our lives be different without them
Today, domesticated dogs can be companions and help with various tasks. Sheep provide meat and their wool is used for making clothes. Cows offer milk and meat and can assist in agricultural work. Without these domesticated animals, our lives would be different. We might have less sources of food and clothing, and certain tasks might be more challenging without the assistance of working animals.
Cross-curricular connection I Biological science
Bees are very different from other animals: they live together in huge groups called colonies. Let’s find out more about the life of bees!
Queen bee
Worker bee
Drone雄蜂 (无人机）
1. Read the text about the life cycle of bees and complete the table. The life cycle of bees.
The life cycle of bees.
Bees live in colonies. Colonies are made of wax cells. There are three types of bees in a colony.
This is a queen bee. She is the biggest bee. There is only one queen in a colony. She lays the eggs.
This is a drone. Drones are male bees. Their main job is to mate with the queen.
This is a worker bee. Worker bees are female. They build the colony and they clean it too. They look after the young bees. They make honey with the things they collect from flowers.
From egg to bee.
The queen lays eggs in the cells. There are three different kinds of cells. For the new queen, for the drones and for the workers. After three days, the eggs hatch into grubs. The grubs grow a head and a body with two parts. They grow six legs and four wings. Then the young bees come out of the cell. The three types of bees have different development times. It takes about 16 days for a queen bee to grow from an egg to an adult. A drone takes about 21 days and a worker bee takes about 24 days.
Understanding the concepts: Match the nouns with their meanings
B
C
A
F
D
E
Queen bees
What do they do
(1)_____________
Development time: (2)______________
Drones
What do they do (3)_____________
Development time: (4)_____________
Worker bees
What do they do (5)_____________
________________
_______________
Development time:
(6)_____________
lay eggs
about 16 days
mate with the queen
about 21 days
build and clean the colony, look after the young bees and make honey
about 24 days
Project
Making a presentation on our animal friends
In this project, you are going to work in groups and make a presentation about an animal.
Step 1 Think about different animals around us (e.g. pets, farm animals) and choose one for your presentation. Then brainstorm ideas in groups. Use the questions below to help you.
What can this animal do for us
Are there any interesting stories about the animal (e.g. stories from the
people around you, news reports, famous legends)
What can we do for this animal
Step 2 Plan your presentation and make slides. Remember to:
keep the content simple and easy to understand
find suitable images for each slide
use clear and correct language
Step 3 Give your presentation to the class.
Wits corner
Until one has loved an animal, a part of one's soul remains
unawakened.
—Anatole France
智慧角
一个人若未曾爱过一种动物，他的灵魂有一部分是未曾觉醒的。
——阿纳托尔 法朗士（法国作家）
课堂小结
5
1,阅读了解动物是如何被驯养。
2.引导学生开展跨学科学习，生物学知识，了解蜜蜂的生命周期。指导我们如何探讨自然界的秘密。在项目任务中运用本单元所学知识，做一个动物的展示介绍。
课堂训练
6
1. ________ （鲨鱼）are large and dangerous sea creatures. Many people are
afraid of them.
2. His uncle wants to go _________（某个地方）to learn English.
3. The woman over there is _________（ 很可能） Wang Ping’s mother.
4. I will visit my grandparents __________ (某时）next week. I'm not sure
about the exact day.
5. Some animals are in danger of becoming e______ if we don't protect them.
6. The sun is the main s________ of energy for the earth.
7. We should make an e_____ to protect the environment. Every little bit helps.
8. The little girl was s________ when she saw the big dog running towards her.
9. The sky turned g_______. It seemed that it was going to rain.
10. I don't like this color, and I don't like that one e______.
Sharks
somewhere
probably
sometime
extinct
source
effort
scared
grey
either
1.With her ________ (mother) help, she cooked a delicious meal.
2. We should always ensure our_______ and keep ourselves ________in any situation.( safe)
3. There are about two _______ books in the library, but _________ of people come here to read every month. (thousand)
4. She was so ________ (scare) that she couldn’t move when she saw a snake.
5. My grandmother was__________(probable) in bed.
6.At the age of six, she started_____________(learn) dancing.
7.The ____________(domesticate) of animals is a difficult task for keepers
8. I had to make a difficult _____, but in the end, I ______ to follow my heart.(choose)
9.Our main task is ________(study) our lessons well.
10. The________ of new technology has helped us _________ better working methods. (develop)
二、用词的正确形式填空
domestication
choice chose
development develop
mother’s
safety safe
thousand thousands
scared
probably
to learn/learning
to study
三、完成句子
1 .很久以前，狗、绵羊和奶牛曾经是野生动物。
Long ago, dog, sheep and cows___ ____ _____wild animals.
2.它们是怎样变成宠物和农场动物的呢？
How did they____ ________pets and farm animals
3.经过成千上万年后，这些宠物狼变成了狗。
_____ ______ _______years, these pet wolves turned into dogs.
4.这是一种新型的科技产品。
This is_____ _____ ______new technology product.
5.因为人类的努力，宠物和农场动物产生了变化。
____ ________human efforts, pets and farm animals changed.
used to be
turn into
Over thousands of
a kind of
Because of
6.我将不遗余力地帮助你。
I’ll ____ ____ ____to help you.
7.古人学会了如何用羊毛做衣服。
Ancient people also learnt____ ____ _____ clothes _____ their wool.
8.随着一代代的繁育，人们保留了有“友好”基因的狼。
______ _____ ______, people ______wolves with friendly genes.
9.古代野牛现在已经灭绝，但它们曾经生活在欧洲和亚洲各地。
Aurochs are now ______, but they used to ____ ___ ____Europe and Asia.
10.绵羊被驯养是因为它们是肉类的良好来源。
Sheep _______ ________because they were a good ________ of meat.
spare no effort
how to make from
With every generation kept
extinct live all over
were domesticated source

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