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(共34张PPT)
Unit 8
Section 2 Grammar
2024年牛津版
英语（七年级下）
Follow your interests
课堂教学目的
1
2
新课导入
3
Content
课堂活动
5
课堂训练
6
课堂小结
4
课堂重难点
课堂教学目的
1
2
课堂重难点
并通过学习语法板块语篇，正确运用when引导的时间状语从句和used to结构。
文化意识
课堂重难点
思维品质
课堂教学目的
1.学习由when引导的时间状语从句的构成、位置和时态。
2.学习used to结构的肯定式、否定式和疑问式
培养积极健康的爱好，树立正确的人生理想并为实现自己的理想努力奋斗。
探索和总结本单元目标语言，内化所学的内容更好理解目标语言。
观察下面句子
When I was eight, I got a book about stars.
I was not very interested in animals when I was a child.
When I was a 16-year-old schoolgirl, I dreamt of a career studying wild animals in Africa.
When I was 26, I travelled from Britain to the mountains of East Africa.
新课导入
3
When did Patrick get a book about the stars
When he was eight, he got a book about the stars.
何时
当……时
adverbial clauses of time
时间状语从句
main clause 主句
When 引导的时间状语从句。
When I was two years, I could walk.
My story
When I was six years old, I began to play the piano.
When I was nine years old, I began to sing.
主句
从句
从句
从句
主句
主句
引导词When(引导时间状语从句)
课堂活动
4
A Adverbial clauses of time
We can use when, before, after and as to form an adverbial
clause of time. These words link two clauses together.
在......之前 before
在...时间点之中
（当时） when/while/as
在......之后 after
Read Peter Goldman's life story and pay attention to the words in bold.
My name is Peter Goldman. I was born in 1950 in Vienna. I started school when I was six. I liked school and studied hard, but my hobby was cars! As I got older, I started thinking about how to turn this into a career.
My big ambition was to work on racing cars, so 1 went to university to study Engineering. After I graduated, I got my dream job with a Formula 1 racing team! Before each race started, my job was to check all the cars and fix any problems. I retired in 2015, but I still watch the racing when I'm free!
We use when and as to tell people that the two actions happen at the same time.
We use before and after to show the order of different actions or events.
We can also use while, as soon as and till I until to form adverbial clauses of time.
Look
一...就 as soon as
直到... until
时间状语从句
时间状语从句常用的连接词主要有: before, after, when, while, since, until 和 as。
before 在……之前
after 在……之后
while 当……时
as soon as 一……就……
until 直到
since 自从
as 随着, 当……时
I have breakfast at home before I go to school.
在我上学之前，我在家里吃早餐。
While my dad is reading, my mum is cooking.
我爸爸在看书时，我妈妈在做饭。
I fell asleep as soon as I lay in bed last night.
昨晚我一躺在床上就睡着了。
After he finished his homework, he read his story book.
他做完作业之后，就读他的故事书了。
I will wait until they arrive at the school gate.
我会一直等到他们来。
It has been three years since I left school.
自从我离开学校以来，已经3年了。
时间状语从句可以在句首，也可以在句末。时间状语从句位于主句之前时，要用逗号将从句和主句隔开；位于主句之后时，则不需用逗号。
He got a book about the stars when he was eight.
When he was eight, he got a book about the stars.
main clause
Adverbial clause of time
Adverbial clause of time
Main clause
时间状语从句
时间状语从句用于说明主句动作发生或进行的时间。
时间状语从句位于主句之前时，要用逗号将从句和主句隔开；位于主句之后时，则不需用逗号。
时间状语从句的用法
Before the sun came out, the sky was very dark.
After they got married, they moved to the countryside.
She turned on the radio while I was driving.
Simon was happy when he heard the news.
It has been three years since I left school.
Don't go out until I come back.
when引导的时间状语从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生，也可以是先后发生。
when既可以指时间点，也可以指时间段。
She was cooking when someone knocked at the door.
有人敲门时，她正煮饭。(先后发生)
Father was reading a book when I was sleeping.
当我睡觉的时候，父亲看报。(同时发生)
What was your mother doing when you came back
你回来时你妈妈在做什么 (时间点)
When I was a child, I used to go to the Great Wall.
当我是小孩子时，我常去长城。
一、【when引导的时间状语从句】
主句 从句 例句
一般现在时 一般现在时（表示将来） I help my mother do housework when I am free.
祈使句 Please stand up when the teacher comes in.
一般将来时 I will give him the book when he comes back.
过去的某一时态 过去的某一时态 She couldn’t play the guitar when she was 5.
一、 when引导的时间状语从句的复合句时态遵循主将从现原则
【二、【while引导的时间状语从句】
1: while引导时间状语从句时，意思是“当……时”,谓语动词必须是延续
性动词，须用进行时态。
2:若出现在过去进行时的句子中，结构一般是“while+过去进行时， 一
般过去时”。
当主句与从句的动作同时进行时，多用while.
I was shopping, while the UFO landed.
当不明飞行物降落的时候，我正在购物。
They were singing while we were dancing.
他们唱歌，我们跳舞。
【拓展】
when 和 while 的区别
瞬延皆可when （when+瞬间动词或延续性动词） When the teacher came in, we were talking.（瞬间动词）
When you called me, I was out.(瞬间动词）
while只可延 （while+延续性动词） While I was doing my homework, my mom came in.
↑延续性动词 ↑瞬间动词
两个都为延， while句子连 I was reading books while my sister was watching TV.
↑延续性动词 ↑延续性动词
三、【as引导的时间状语从句】
as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”或“一边……一边”, 主、从句的动作同时发生。
As the children walked along the lake, they sang happily.
孩子们一边沿着湖走，一边愉快地唱歌
四【before引导的时间状语从句】
此时表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
He had studied in this school before he joined the army.
参军之前，他在这所学校学习过。
五【after引导的时间状语从句】
此时主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。
After he locked the door,he left.他锁上门后离开了。
注意：after引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语常为相同的人或物，如果主句的动作发生在从 句之后，可以转换为not.….until(before),引导的时间状语从句。
He left the classroom after he finished his homework.他完成作业后才离开教室。
→He didn't leave the classroom until (before)he finished his homework.
六【until(till)引导的时间状语从句】
①until意思是“直到……”,主从句都是肯定句，主句的谓语动词为延续性动词，此时until =till。
如：They worked until(till)it was dark. 他们一直工作到天黑。
②表示“直到……才……”时，主句用否定句，从句用肯定句，主句中的谓语动词为非延续性动词。
如：I didn't go to bed until she came back.
直到她回来我才睡觉。
注意until与till,通常可以交换使用，但如果从句在句首，则只能使用until。
Until he went there, he didn't know that.
直到他到那儿，他才知道那件事。
七【as soon as引导的时间状语从句】
as soon as意思是“一……就……”,当主句是一般将来时态时，从句要用一般现在时。
He will return the book as soon as he finishes it.
他一看完这本书就去归还。
八【since引导的时间状语从句】
since意思是“自从….”,它引导的从句中的动词多用过去式，主句表示动作的延续，用现在完成时。 如果主句中的动作表示的不是延续性动作而是目前的状态，主句可用一般现在时。
I haven't heard from my friend since I went to Dalian.
自从我去了大连，我就没有收到朋友的来信。
It is ten years since she left here. 自从她离开这儿后，已经10年了。
1 Complete the passage with the adverbial clauses of time below.
after I finished my homework before I met my bandmates
as I kept practising when I was six
Music is my hobby. I started having guitar lessons ⑴________________ My guitar teacher was quite good, and he taught me a lot. I practised for at least an hour every day ⑵_____________________________.
⑶___________________, my skills improved. After a few years of practice, I was finally ready to start playing with other people. My guitar teacher found a band for me. I was very nervous (4)________________________for the first time, but they turned out to be really friendly. Now we play in concerts every term.
when I was six
after I finished my homework
as I kept practising
before I met my bandmates
B used to/did not use to
We use “used to” to talk about something we often did in the past(but don’t do now). Its negative form is did not use to/ didn’t use to.
Liu Wei used to go to school on foot. Now he goes to school by bike.
We use the base form of the main verb after used to.
used to do sth 过去常常做某事
表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，而现在此动作已不再发生或此状态已不存在。
这个结构含有今昔对比之意。
其否定式为：
did not / didn’t use to do sth
其疑问式为：
did ... use to do sth
如：
I used to swim in this river when I was young.
我小时候常常在这条河里游泳。
They didn’t use to be good friends.
他们以前不是好朋友。
What did you use to do
你过去常常做什么？
2 Look at the pictures of Liu Wei at primary school and the pictures of Liu Wei now. Describe what he used to do and what he does now.
not enjoy / swim
go / swimming / every week
Liu Wei didn't use to enjoy swimming. Now he goes swimming every week.
be shy
enjoy / do sport / classmates
Liu Wei used to be shy. Now he enjoys doing sport with his classmates.
S1: I used to dance for an hour every day when I was at primary school,
but now I play the piano in the school band every Wednesday.
S2: I didn’t use to play basketball in the past, but I joined a basketball
team after I entered junior high.
3 Work in pairs. Think of a hobby you developed or things you used to do in the past. Describe it using adverbial clauses of time or used to/didn't use to.
课堂小结
5
1.We have learned how to use Adverbial clauses of time with the
conjunction when.
2. We have learned how to use used to /did not use to.
一、选择最佳答案填空。
( )1. I was doing my homework alone in the classroom ____ I heard the song.
A. because B. when C. though D. after
( )2. He was at the table ____ someone knocked at the door.
A. why B. where C. when D. what
( )3. ____ I was a child, I wanted to be a doctor.
A. When B. After C. Until D. Before
C
A
( )4. Tom ____ into the house when no one was looking.
A. slipped B. was slipping C. slip D. slips
( )5. I ____ him the book when he ____ back.
A. will give, will come B. give, comes C. will give, comes D. give, will come
C
A
课堂训练
6
B
6. The boy promised to give this newly-published novel to Jack he came back.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. as well as D. as fast as
7. ---He made a serious mistake, but he took action to change that it got worse.
---Luckily he didn't cause any loss.
A. when B. after C. until D. before
8. It's much easier for us to become friends we share similar interests.
A. unless B. when C. even though D. so that
9. Jack was busy taking notes Mr. Brown was giving a lesson.
A. if B. while C. unless D. when
10. Don't go across the crossing the traffic light turns green.
A. after B. because C. until D. since
11. My father used to a bus to work, but now he is used to_____
A. take; walk B. taking; walking C. taking; walk D. take; walking
B
D
B
B
C
D
12. There a lot of jobs for college graduates. But now, everything is different.
A. are used to having B. used to have C. used to be D. are used to being
13. Grandma wash clothes by hand but now she doing it with the washing machine.
A. used to...used to B. is used to... is used to
C. is used to...used to D. used to... is used to
14.Han Mei can make a speech in front of so many students. But she a shy girl.
---The first prize in the English speaking competition helps increase her_______
A. used to be; confidence B. is used to be; interest
C. used to be; knowledge D. is used to being; experience
15.Stone can .
used to build B. be used to build
C. be used to building D. used for building
C
D
A
B
二、连词成句。
1. get up, when, you, wake me up, please
When you get up, please wake me up.
2. she, was ill, she, when, stayed, at home
She stayed at home when she was ill.
3. when, grows up, he, wants, he, to be a doctor
He wants to be a doctor when he grows up.
4. I, used to, when, I, be, thin, was young
When I was young, I used to be thin.
5. he, swim, used to, in the river, when, was a child, he
He used to swim in the river when he was a child.
三、将下列句子翻译成英文。
我上学时总是看到这只狗。
When I go to school, I always see the dog.
/ I always see the dog when I go to school.
2. 昨天下雨时，汤姆待在家里。
When it rained yesterday, Tom stayed at home.
/ Tom stayed at home when it rained yesterday.
3. 当你取得进步时，我会给你买一份礼物。
When you make progress, I will buy you a present.
/ I will buy you a present when you make progress.
5.迈克一放学回家就开始做饭。
Mike started cooking as soon as he got home from school.
6.他遇到吉姆后才知道这消息。
He didn’t know the news until he met Jim.
7.当你离开房间的时候别忘记关灯。
Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room.
8. 我在写字时她保持安静。
She kept silent while/when I was writing .

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