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鸡西市一中高一学年开学考试英语试卷
2025～2026 学年度高一年级第二学期开学考试
英语
考生注意：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径 0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 本卷命题范围：外研版必修第一册 Unit 5 至必修第二册 Unit 3。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。
1. What will Sue do for the man
A. Clean his desk. B. Finish his report. C. Drive him to work.
2. What does the woman want to do
A. Buy a cake. B. Stop smoking. C. Change a seat.
3. When did the man come back from Paris
A. Today. B. Yesterday. C. Last weekend.
4. What does the man want now
A. Water. B. Chocolate. C. Ice cream.
5. Where will the woman go
A. The bus station. B. The train station. C. The police station.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中
试卷第 1 页，共 13 页
选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，每小题都有 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。
听第 6 段录音，回答第 6 、7 题。
6. What does Jack have to do at 10:00 am
A. Catch a bus. B. Repair his bike. C. Attend a lecture.
7. How does the man usually go to school
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike.
听第 7 段录音，回答第 8 、9 题。
8. Why does the man come to talk to Lisa
A. To order some pizzas. B. To invite her to a party. C. To celebrate her birthday.
9. What is Lisa likely to do
A. Bring a birthday card. B. Exercise with the man. C. Ask Jane to come along.
听第 8 段录音，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. How does the woman find the bedroom
A. New. B. Small. C. Bright.
11. What does the man like about the apartment
A. Its living room. B. Its bedroom. C. Its kitchen.
12. What do we know about the apartment
A. It is spacious. B. It is expensive. C. It faces a park.
听第 9 段录音，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Why does Tom make the phone call
A. To ask about the result of an exam.
B. To practice English with Miss Li.
C. To express his heartfelt thanks.
14. Why does Tom feel stressed out
A. He told a lie to the woman. B. He forgot an English exam. C. He did badly in the exam.
15. What is the woman’s suggestion for the man
A. Communicating with his parents.
B. Correcting the mistakes at once.
C. Paying more attention next time.
试卷第 2 页，共 13 页
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and secretary.
听第 10 段录音，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. How many foreign students are visiting the school
A. Over 30. B. About 20. C. About 13.
18. Why does the school organize the music week
A. To sell musical instruments.
B. To welcome the foreign students.
C. To mark the opening of a concert.
19. When should students sign up for the activities
A. Before September 15th. B. In the last week of September. C. In the first week of December.
20. Where will the music week be held
A. In the library. B. In the garden. C. In the classroom.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Children are naturally creative, but they need the right environment to help this creativity grow. By giving children enough time, space, and freedom, our workshop can encourage them to think independently, solve problems, and imagine new ideas.
Children often show their creativity through playful problem-solving that involves planning projects, building structures, and creating stories. This happens best in environments where
children have the freedom to think for themselves, space to move about, plenty of natural and
open-ended materials, and the support of observant, thoughtful adults. During this workshop, we will uncover key elements of outdoor classrooms that uniquely support children’s creativity and learning. Your kids will leave this workshop with a renewed sense of creativity and the tools to:
·Identify the specific qualities of time, space, materials and relationships that most fully support children’s creativity and problem-solving.
·Use refined observation and documentation techniques to identify research-based principles in action.
试卷第 3 页，共 13 页
·Apply insights gained through observation and reflection to their learning practices.
Focus: Outdoor Classroom Designs, Whole Child Development, Adult-Child Relationships, Documenting Learning.
The length of each session (活动): Two hours.
Subscribe: Click the button Subscribe and fill out the form.
Stay in the know:
·Click the button Let’s chat. Our client relationship team is ready to talk with you.
·Receive the latest workshop updates, news, and resources in our monthly newsletter.
1 ．What is the aim of the workshop
A ．To improve senior students’ test scores. B ．To introduce the latest teaching technology.
C ．To support kids’ creativity and learning. D ．To train teachers in classroom management.
2 ．How long will each session of the workshop last
A ．Half an hour. B ．One hour. C ．Two hours. D ．Half a day.
3 ．Where is this text probably taken from
A ．A website. B ．A textbook. C ．A diary entry. D ．A news report.
B
In 2019, Sarah Wildman’s daughter, Orli, was only 10 years old when doctors found that she had hepatoblastoma, a serious illness. The news changed the family’s life right away. As a writer for a magazine, Wildman decided to document her daughter’s long and difficult journey, hoping to show others what it really meant to live with the disease.
In her articles, Wildman described the pain Orli went through during her treatment.
Wildman believed she understood pain, but seeing her child suffer made her realize how deep and heavy pain could be. It was something she had never truly known before.
However, the story was not only about illness and pain. More importantly, it was about
Orli’s strong spirit and love for life. Despite the great challenges brought on by her condition, Orli chose to face them with a smile and tried to enjoy life in her unique way. “Hope is a driving
force,” Wildman said. “It is hope that pushes us to seek out new treatments, to fight for more days, more months, maybe even years.” Throughout countless rounds of treatment and surgery (手术), Orli never let go of her love for life. She repeatedly reminded those around her that every single
试卷第 4 页，共 13 页
day was worth living to the fullest.
In the hospital, Orli refused to let life become dull. She played music, danced in the
hallways, and invited nurses to join in the fun. She even chose her favorite songs before surgery, turning scary moments into something warm and familiar. Orli never allowed herself to be seen only as a patient.
Through her energy, joy, and hope, Orli touched the lives of everyone around her, showing the world that even in the face of the greatest challenges, one can still choose to smile and
embrace (拥抱) life with open arms.
4 ．Why did Wildman decide to write about her daughter’s illness
A ．To share a personal experience. B ．To praise doctors’ endless efforts.
C ．To highlight medical knowledge. D ．To show how to attend to sick kids.
5 ．Which of the following best describes Orli
A ．Humorous. B ．Determined. C ．Easy-going. D ．Sharp-eyed.
6 ．What does the underlined word “dull” in paragraph 4 mean
A ．Lively. B ．Boring. C ．Restless. D ．Peaceful.
7 ．What can we learn from Orli’s story
A ．Family support solves all problems. B ．Illness always brings people closer.
C ．Music is the best way to reduce pain. D ．A positive spirit can give value to life.
C
Many parents do not understand why their teens occasionally behave in a dangerous way. At times, it seems like teens don’t think things through or fully consider the results of their
actions. Teens differ from adults in the way they behave, solve problems, and make decisions.
There is a biological explanation for this difference. Studies show that brains continue to develop throughout childhood and teenage years and well into early adulthood.
Scientists have confirmed (确认) a specific area of the brain called the amygdala that is
responsible for immediate reactions, including fear and aggressive behavior. This area develops early. However, the frontal cortex, the area of the brain that helps people think carefully, control behavior, and make wise decisions, develops later. Unlike the amygdala, the frontal cortex is not fully mature (成熟) until adulthood.
试卷第 5 页，共 13 页
Other changes in the brain during teenage years include a rapid increase in the connections between the brain cells, making the brain pathways more effective. Nerve cells develop myelin, which helps cells communicate. All these changes are important for the development of
coordinated (协调的) thought, action, and behavior.
Pictures of the brain in action show that teens’ brains work differently from adults’ when they make decisions or solve problems. Their actions are guided more by the emotional and
reactive amygdala and less by the thoughtful, logical frontal cortex. Studies also indicate that drinking alcohol during the teenage years can change or delay these developments.
These brain differences don’t mean that young people can’t make good decisions or tell the difference between right and wrong. It also doesn’t mean that they shouldn’t be held responsible
for their actions. However, an awareness of these differences can help parents, teachers, and others understand and manage the behavior of teens during this important stage of growth.
8 ．Why do teens often act differently from adults according to the text
A ．Their brains are still developing. B ．Their amygdala is easier to control.
C ．They badly need life experience. D ．They are more influenced by others.
9 ．What do we know about the frontal cortex
A ．It leads to quick emotional reactions. B ．It matures late and controls reasoning.
C ．It is completely formed in childhood. D ．It works mainly with body movements.
10 ．Studies show that teens’ decision-making is more impacted by _______.
A ．their actions B ．learned knowledge C ．their feelings D ．long-term planning
11 ．What does the author expect parents and teachers to do
A ．Force teens to behave well. B ．Treat teens’ mistakes lightly.
C ．Document important events. D ．Understand and guide teens.
D
Fast-moving birds like goshawks can fly quickly through thick forests without hitting trees. They seem to avoid danger naturally while moving at high speed. However, researchers at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have discovered that there is a speed limit. If birds or drones (无人机) go faster than this limit, a crash is unavoidable. The finding may help
scientists design better unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) by learning from how birds fly.
试卷第 6 页，共 13 页
Most UAVs are currently designed to fly at relatively slow speed, allowing them to stop before reaching the edge of their field of view. You might think that adding more sensors would allow drones to fly faster and safer, but MIT aerospace engineer Emilio Frazzoli says otherwise.
Frazzoli and his team created a mathematical model that shows a bird or drone flying
through crowded spaces, such as forests or cities, will always crash once it reaches a certain speed, no matter how much it knows about its surroundings.
The team believes that birds avoid this problem by judging the density (密度) of their
environment and changing their speed accordingly, knowing that they can always find a gap to fly through. This allows a bird to fly much faster than if it just depends on the limits of its vision.
Frazzoli says that skiers use a similar method.
“When you go skiing off the path, you don’t ski in a way that you can always stop before the first tree you see,” he says. “You ski and you see an opening, and then you trust that once you go there, you’ll be able to see another opening and keep going.”
Frazzoli is now working with biologists at Harvard University to confirm whether his
model matches the behaviour of real birds. His team is also designing a flying video game to test how well humans can move through a virtual forest at high speed, to see how close players can get to the theoretical limit predicted (预测) by the model.
12 ．Why are most UAVs designed to fly at low speed at present
A ．To stop safely within their view. B ．To avoid losing signals in forests.
C ．To reduce damage from crashes. D ．To save power during long flights.
13 ．How are birds able to fly faster in dense forests
A ．They can see blocks earlier than most machines.
B ．They depend on sharper eyesight than machines.
C ．They adjust speed based on the space around them.
D ．They follow the fixed paths between towering trees.
14 ．Why does Frazzoli mention skiing in paragraph 5
A ．To compare skiing skills with bird flight. B ．To describe dangers while skiing off paths.
C ．To present a popular sports event in winter. D ．To give an example of safe fast movement.
15 ．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Birds Teach Us How to Get a Sense of Direction B．Speed Limit for Birds Could Mean Better
试卷第 7 页，共 13 页
UAVs
C ．Advanced UAVs Will Come on the Market Soon D ．Flying Video Games Help Test Human Reactions
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Writing a short story can be challenging because it needs to include all the key parts of a
novel in a much smaller space. However, a shorter length also gives writers more freedom to focus on important details. ____16____. To this end, we put together the following tips that may help
you plan your next short story.
First, start by brainstorming ideas. ____ 17____. One clear and interesting idea is enough to begin. When an idea comes to you, take time to think about it. You can use writing prompts (提示) to get inspired. Write down anything useful, such as characters, places, or lines of dialogue
that come to mind.
Next, decide on the main conflict of your story. The conflict is the problem that drives the story forward. To create conflict, you need to know what your main character wants and what
stops them from getting it. ____ 18____, such as fear or doubt, or outside, such as another person or a difficult situation.
Then, create a brief summary of the story. Plan the main events and important moments between characters. ____ 19____, and only include details that help develop the main idea of the story.
____20____. Many short stories work well in first-person, but there’s no hard and fast rule saying yours must: If your story needs to be told in second-person or third-person, that works, too. Whichever point of view you choose, focus on one main character to keep the story clear and easy to follow.
A ．Finally, pick a point of view
B ．You do not need many ideas at once
C ．Choose background information carefully
D ．The conflict can come from inside the character
试卷第 8 页，共 13 页
E ．It’s best to center that description around one main character
F ．In summary, ensure a continuous read on the situation at hand
G ．With careful planning, you can create a clear and powerful story
第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分 55 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At the beginning of my research life, I became highly competitive. I pushed myself to
_________ exciting results and publish in top journals as soon as possible. Slowly, I didn’t see my coworkers as possible partners. Instead, I treated them as _________ and felt unhappy around
them.
However, this way of thinking brought the _________ result. Whenever I encountered a
scientific problem, I had to _________ it alone. I was afraid to ask for help because I did not want to look _________. As the pressure _________, I felt tired, lonely, and confused. My work did not improve, and my productivity _________.
Eventually, I emailed my mentor (导师) and told him the _________ about how I was feeling. His _________ made me feel relieved (宽慰的). He said many researchers had
_________ similar struggles. He encouraged me to slow down and take a _________. With his support, I decided to step away from my research for a while.
Back home, I spent time with family and friends and opened up about my stress. At first, I was _________. But soon, my family and friends began to share their difficulties, too. Some
coworkers also _________ me and talked about what they had suffered in academic life. Our relationships became closer, and I no longer felt alone.
Three months later, I _________ to research with a new mindset — to be more open with my coworkers. Working with others and _________ help doesn’t weaken my value; it means we can all win.
21 ．A ．design B ．produce C ．collect D ．record
22 ．A ．leaders B．judges C ．competitors D ．neighbors
23 ．A ．opposite B ．personal C ．expected D ．cheering
试卷第 9 页，共 13 页
24 ．A ．repeat B ．solve C ．skip D ．copy
25 ．A ．patient B ．careful C ．proud D ．weak
26 ．A ．grew B ．stopped C ．started D ．lost
27 ．A ．increased B ．stayed C ．dropped D ．doubled
28 ．A ．excuse B．joke C ．guess D ．truth
29 ．A ．silence B ．response C ．ranking D ．lifestyle
30 ．A ．gone through B ．belonged to C ．passed down D ．resulted from
31 ．A ．plan B ．chance C ．risk D ．break
32 ．A ．retired B ．satisfied C ．ashamed D ．excited
33 ．A ．ignored B ．contacted C ．replaced D ．questioned
34 ．A ．admitted B ．listened C ．objected D ．returned
35 ．A ．seeking B ．offering C ．hiding D ．refusing
第二节 单词填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)
阅读下列各题，根据每题所给的提示在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式，使句子意思完整正确。
36．You’d better eat just a small s________ instead of wolfing down a main meal. (根据首字母单词拼写)
37 ．A bicycle is often more c________ than a car in towns. (根据首字母单词拼写)
38．I can never find a pen in this house. They d________ as soon as I buy them. (根据首字母单词拼写)
39 ．She was earmarked early as a possible ________ (冠军). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
40．When they planned to ________ (装饰) the bedroom, it was Jemma who had the final say. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
41．We are doing our best with the __________ (有限的) resources available.（根据汉语提示填空）
42 ．The project is taking a long time but is now nearing ________ (complete). (所给词的适当形式填空)
43 ．Their ______(harmony) relationship resulted from their similar goals. (所给词的适当形式填空)
试卷第 10 页，共 13 页
44．I believe you have a __________ (complain) against one of our nurses. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45．________ (original), we had intended to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第三节 单句语法填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46 ．We managed ________ (get) to the airport in time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47 ．We applied our minds to finding a solution ________ the problem. (用适当的词填空)
48．The book is, in ________ (he) opinion, the best book on the subject. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49 ．The summer house was a simple wooden ________ (construct). （所给词的适当形式填空）
50 ．I still remember the day______ I first came to Beijing. (用适当的词填空)
51 ．The work ________ has just been finished is very important. (用适当的词填空)
52 ．This is the scientist ___________ achievements are well known. （用适当的词填空）
53 ．Happiness and success often come to those people ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. (用适当的词填空)
54 ．She expressed her wish ________ (speak) to the manager. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55 ．Wendy is always the first one ________ (arrive) at school. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56 ．Jane sang so well as ________ (come) out first in the singing competition. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57 ．He became internationally famous ________ his novels. (用适当的词填空)
58 ．Arriving at the railway station, I put local knowledge to ________ test and ask a taxi driver. (用适当的词填空)
59 ．When I was a little boy, the dinner on the eve of Spring Festival was ________ I looked forward to most. (用适当的词填空)
60．With scientists ________ (explore) new models, AI is playing a bigger role in daily life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第四节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival ____61____ (celebrate) on the
fifteenth day of the first lunar month. It comes after the Spring Festival and is seen as a joyful
试卷第 11 页，共 13 页
ending to the New Year celebrations. On this day, the moon is usually full, which makes the night bright and ____62____ (meaning) for family gatherings.
One of ____63____ most popular activities is lantern watching. These lanterns ____64____ are usually placed in public areas attract families and friends to walk around and admire the
colorful lights. The lanterns ____65____ (make) in many shapes, such as animals, flowers, and characters from stories. The lanterns are bright enough ____66____ (light) the night streets,
creating a warm and friendly atmosphere. Many people take to ____67____ (visit) lantern fairs with family every year.
Another important custom is eating yuanxiao. These round rice balls are often filled with sweet paste like sesame or red beans. They stand ____68____ family unity and a happy life, and are meant to bring family members closer.
The festival also includes traditional performances such as lion dances and drum shows.
These activities bring energy to the celebration and attract people of different ____69____ (age). Through these traditions and shared experiences, the Lantern Festival helps pass on culture and reminds people of the value of ____70____ (together).
第四部分 书面表达(满分 15 分)
71 ．假定你是李华，你的英国交换生好友 Mike 想品尝你的家乡特色美食。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐一道美食；
2. 说明推荐理由。
注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
试卷第 12 页，共 13 页
Yours,
Li Hua
试卷第 13 页，共 13 页
1 ．C 2 ．C 3 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个助力儿童创造力发展的工作坊，包括其作用、核心内容、活动时长及订阅方式。
1 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Children are naturally creative, but they need the right
environment to help this creativity grow. By giving children enough time, space, and freedom, our workshop can encourage them to think independently, solve problems, and imagine new ideas. (儿童天生具有创造力，但他们需要合适的环境来帮助这种创造力成长。通过给孩子足够的时间、空间和自由，我们的工作坊可以鼓励他们独立思考、解决问题和想象新想法。 )”以及第二段中的“During this workshop, we will uncover key elements of outdoor classrooms that uniquely
support children’s creativity and learning. (在本次工作坊中，我们将探索户外教室中独特支持儿童创造力和学习的关键要素。)”可知，该工作坊的目的是支持儿童的创造力和学习。故选C 项。
2 ．细节理解题。根据文中的“The length of each session (活动): Two hours. (每次活动时长：两小时。)”可知，工作坊每次活动持续两小时。故选 C 项。
3 ．推理判断题。根据文中的“Subscribe: Click the button Subscribe and fill out the form. (订阅：点击“订阅”按钮并填写表格。)”以及“ Click the button Let’s chat. Our client relationship team is ready to talk with you. ( 点击“让我们聊天”按钮。我们的客户关系团队随时准备与您沟
通。)”可知，文本中出现“点击按钮”等操作提示，由此可推断，这篇文章很可能来自一个网站。故选 A 项。
4 ．A 5 ．B 6 ．B 7 ．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Wildman 记录女儿 Orli 患癌后的治疗经历。Orli 虽饱受病痛，却始终乐观坚强、热爱生活， 用积极态度感染身边人，告诉人们希望与乐观能赋予生命意义。
4 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a writer for a magazine, Wildman decided to document her
daughter’s long and difficult journey, hoping to show others what it really meant to live with the
disease.(作为一名杂志撰稿人，威尔德曼决定记录下她女儿那段漫长而艰难的历程，希望能向其他人展示患有这种疾病的人的真实生活状态)”可知，威尔德曼决定写关于她女儿患病的事情是为了分享一段个人经历。故选 A。
5 ．推理判断题。根据第三段“More importantly, it was about Orli’s strong spirit and love for
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life.(更重要的是，这体现了奥利坚强的意志以及她对生活的热爱)”可知，奥利的性格坚强。故选 B。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“She played music, danced in the hallways, and invited nurses to join in the fun. She even chose her favorite songs before surgery, turning scary moments into
something warm and familiar. Orli never allowed herself to be seen only as a patient.(她会演奏音乐，在走廊里翩翩起舞，还会邀请护士一同参与欢乐的活动。手术前， 她还会挑选自己最喜爱的歌曲，将那些令人恐惧的时刻变得温馨而熟悉起来。奥利从不让自己仅仅被视为一名患者)”可知，提到 Orli 在医院玩音乐、跳舞， 把术前的可怕时刻变得有趣，说明她不愿让医院生活变得枯燥无聊，故划线词意思是“无聊的”，与 boring 同义。故选 B。
7 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Through her energy, joy, and hope, Orli touched the lives of
everyone around her, showing the world that even in the face of the greatest challenges, one can
still choose to smile and embrace (拥抱) life with open arms.(通过她的活力、快乐和希望， 奥利影响了她周围每一个人的生活，向世人展示了即使在面临最严峻的挑战时，人们依然可以选择微笑并张开双臂拥抱生活)”可知，奥莉的故事告诉我们积极的心态能赋予生活以价值。故选 D。
8 ．A 9 ．B 10 ．C 11 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍青少年与成年人行为不同的生理原因， 即大脑发育差异，及该认知对家长和教师的意义。
8 ．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Teens differ from adults in the way they behave, solve
problems, and make decisions. There is a biological explanation for this difference. Studies show that brains continue to develop throughout childhood and teenage years and well into early
adulthood. (青少年在行为、解决问题和做决定的方式上与成年人不同。这种差异有生物学上的解释。研究表明， 大脑在整个童年、青少年时期乃至成年早期都在持续发育)”可知，青少年的行为常与成年人不同，是因为他们的大脑仍在发育中。故选 A 项。
9 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, the frontal cortex, the area of the brain that helps people think carefully, control behavior, and make wise decisions, develops later. Unlike the
amygdala, the frontal cortex is not fully mature (成熟) until adulthood. (然而，大脑中帮助人们仔细思考、控制行为和做出明智决定的前额叶皮层发育较晚。与杏仁核不同， 前额叶皮层要到成年后才能完全成熟)”可知，前额叶皮层发育较晚，且负责控制推理、做出明智决定。故选B 项。
答案第 2 页，共 12 页
10 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Their actions are guided more by the emotional and reactive amygdala and less by the thoughtful, logical frontal cortex. (他们的行为更多地由情绪化、反应性的杏仁核引导，而较少由深思熟虑、逻辑性的前额叶皮层引导)”可知，青少年的决策更多地受情绪影响。故选 C 项。
11 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However, an awareness of these differences can help
parents, teachers, and others understand and manage the behavior of teens during this important
stage of growth. (然而，了解这些差异可以帮助家长、教师和其他人在青少年这一重要成长阶段理解和管理他们的行为)”可知，作者希望家长和教师理解并引导青少年。故选 D 项。
12 ．A 13 ．C 14 ．D 15 ．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍麻省理工学院研究发现鸟类安全飞行存在一个速度极限，这一发现可以帮助科学家改进无人机设计。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Most UAVs are currently designed to fly at relatively slow speed, allowing them to stop before reaching the edge of their field of view.(目前大多数无人机的设计飞行速度相对较慢，这样它们能够在到达视野边缘之前停下来)”可知，目前无人机设计成低速是为了能在自身视野范围内安全停下，故选 A。
13 ．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The team believes that birds avoid this problem by judging the density (密度) of their environment and changing their speed accordingly, knowing that they can
always find a gap to fly through. This allows a bird to fly much faster than if it just depends on the limits of its vision.(该团队认为，鸟类通过判断其环境的密度并相应地改变飞行速度来避免这个问题，它们知道总能找到一个缝隙飞过去。这使得鸟类能够飞行得比仅仅依靠其视觉极限时更快)”可知，鸟类通过判断环境密度、根据周围空间调整速度来实现在密林中快速飞行，故选 C。
14．推理判断题。第四段介绍了鸟类快速安全飞行的方法， 最后一句“Frazzoli says that skiers use a similar method.(Frazzoli 表示，滑雪者也使用了类似的方法)”提到滑雪者也采用类似的方法，第五段““When you go skiing off the path, you don’t ski in a way that you can always stop before the first tree you see,” he says. “You ski and you see an opening, and then you trust that
once you go there, you’ll be able to see another opening and keep going.”(“当你从固定路线偏离 出去滑雪时，你不会以一种总能在看到第一棵树之前停下来的方式滑雪，”他说，“你滑雪，看到一个空隙，然后就相信一旦你进入那个空隙，就能看到另一个空隙，并继续前行。”)”可知，提到滑雪是对上文“安全快速移动”方法的举例说明，故选 D。
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15 ．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“If birds or drones (无人机) go faster than this limit, a crash is unavoidable. The finding may help scientists design better unmanned aerial
vehicles (UAVs) by learning from how birds fly.(如果鸟类或无人机的速度超过这个限制，就会不可避免地发生碰撞。这一发现可能有助于科学家从鸟类的飞行方式中汲取经验，设计出更出色的无人驾驶飞行器)”可知，全文围绕“麻省理工学院研究发现鸟类安全飞行存在一个速度极限，这一发现可以帮助科学家改进无人机设计”展开，B 选项“鸟类的飞行速度极限或可助力研发更好的无人机”准确概括主旨，故选 B。
16 ．G 17 ．B 18 ．D 19 ．C 20 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了写短篇小说的相关技巧。
16．上文“Writing a short story can be challenging because it needs to include all the key parts of a novel in a much smaller space. However, a shorter length also gives writers more freedom to focus on important details. (写短篇小说很有挑战性，因为它需要在更小的空间里包含小说的所有关键部分。然而， 较短的篇幅也让作者有更多的自由来关注重要的细节。)”指出写短篇小说有挑战性，但也有优势，即能让作者更自由地关注重要细节。G 项“With careful planning, you can create a clear and powerful story (通过精心规划，你可以创作出一个清晰而有力的故事)”承接上文，说明通过精心规划，作者可以利用短篇小说的优势创作出好故事，并且于下文的建议，符合语境。故选 G。
17 ．上文“First, start by brainstorming ideas. (首先，从头脑风暴开始。)”提出写短篇小说的第一步是头脑风暴想出想法。下文“One clear and interesting idea is enough to begin. (一个清晰有趣的想法就足以开始了。)”说明一个想法就足够开始创作了。B 项“You do not need many ideas at once (你不需要一下子想出很多想法)”与下文相呼应，强调不需要很多想法，符合语境。
故选 B。
18 ．上文“To create conflict, you need to know what your main character wants and what stops
them from getting it. (为了创造冲突，你需要知道你的主角想要什么，以及是什么阻止了他们得到它。)”说明创造冲突需要了解主角的欲望和阻碍。下文“such as fear or doubt, or outside, such as another person or a difficult situation (比如恐惧或怀疑，或者外部的，比如另一个人或一个困难的处境)”是对冲突来源的具体举例。D 项“The conflict can come from inside the
character (冲突可以来自角色内部)”与下文相呼应，说明冲突可以来自角色内部，符合语境。故选 D。
19 ．上文“Then, create a brief summary of the story. Plan the main events and important moments
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between characters. (然后，为故事创建一个简短的摘要。规划主要事件和角色之间的重要时刻。)”提出要为故事创建摘要并规划主要事件。下文“and only include details that help develop the main idea of the story (并且只包括有助于发展故事主题的细节)”说明摘要中应只包含有助于发展故事主题的细节。C 项“Choose background information carefully (谨慎选择背景信息)”与上下文相呼应，强调在创建摘要时要谨慎选择背景信息，符合语境。故选 C。
20 ．下文“Many short stories work well in first-person, but there’s no hard and fast rule saying
yours must: If your story needs to be told in second-person or third-person, that works, too.
Whichever point of view you choose, focus on one main character to keep the story clear and easy to follow. (许多短篇小说用第一人称写得很好，但并没有硬性规定说你必须这样做：如果你的故事需要用第二人称或第三人称来讲述，那也行。无论你选择哪种视角， 都要关注一个主要角色，以保持故事清晰易懂。)”讨论人称视角的选择（第一人称、第二人称、第三人称），并建议聚焦一个主要角色。A 项“Finally, pick a point of view (最后，选择一个视角)”直接点 明本段核心，与下文内容吻合。故选 A。
21 ．B 22 ．C 23 ．A 24 ．B 25 ．D 26 ．A 27 ．C 28 ．D
29 ．B 30 ．A 31 ．D 32 ．C 33 ．B 34 ．D 35 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在科研生涯初期变得极度争强好胜， 将同事视为竞争对手，独自面对科研问题，最终陷入孤独的困境，而后向导师倾诉，在导师的建议下休整，以全新的心态回归科研，明白合作与寻求帮助的重要性。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我督促自己尽快做出令人振奋的研究成果，并在顶级期刊上发表。A. design 设计；B. produce 做出；C. collect 收集；D. record 记录。根据前文“At the beginning of my research life, I became highly competitive.(在我的科研生涯初期，我变得极度争强好胜)”可知，争强好胜的作者会督促自己尽快做出研究成果。故选 B。
22 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我把他们当作竞争对手，在他们身边我感到不开心。
A. leaders 领导者；B. judges 裁判；C. competitors 竞争对手；D. neighbors 邻居。根据前文 “Slowly, I didn’t see my coworkers as possible partners.(渐渐地，我不再把同事视为潜在的合作伙伴)”可知，作者不将同事看作伙伴，反而将其视作对立面，可推断作者把同事当作了竞争对手。故选 C。
23 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种想法带来了相反的结果。A. opposite 相反的；
B. personal 个人的；C. expected 预期的；D. cheering 令人振奋的。根据后文“I felt tired, lonely,
答案第 5 页，共 12 页
and confused.(我感到疲惫，孤独和困惑)”可知，作者的想法带来了相反的结果。故选 A。
24 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当遇到科学问题，我都不得不独自解决。A. repeat 重复；
B. solve 解决；C. skip 跳过；D. copy 复制。根据前文“I didn’t see my coworkers as possible
partners.(我不把同事看作潜在的合作伙伴)”可知，不把同事当作伙伴的作者只能独自解决科研问题。故选 B。
25 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不敢寻求帮助，因为我不想显得软弱。A. patient 耐心的；B. careful 小心的；C. proud 骄傲的；D. weak 软弱的。根据首段首句中的“I became highly competitive(我变得极度争强好胜)”可推断，作者本人争强好胜，因此不想显得软弱而不愿求助。故选 D。
26 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着压力越来越大，我感到疲惫、孤独和困惑。A. grew 增加；B. stopped 停止；C. started 开始；D. lost 失去。根据后文“I felt tired, lonely, and confused.(我感到疲惫、孤独和困惑)”可知，作者的压力不断增加，才产生了这些负面感受。故选 A。
27 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作没有起色，工作效率也下降了。A. increased 增加；
B. stayed 保持；C. dropped 下降；D. doubled 翻倍。根据前文“My work did not improve(我的工作没有起色)”和并列连词and 可知，前后句呈现顺承关系，作者的工作不仅没有进步，效率还出现了下降。故选 C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 最后，我给导师发了邮件，告诉了他我的真实感受。A. excuse借口；B. joke 玩笑；C. guess 猜测；D. truth 实情。根据后文“about how I was feeling(关于我的感受)”可知，作者讲述了自己的实情。故选 D。
29 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的回应让我感到宽慰。A. silence 沉默；B. response 回应； C. ranking 排名；D. lifestyle 生活方式。根据后文“He said many researchers had ____ similar
struggles.(他说很多研究人员都____过类似的困境)”可知，导师对作者的倾诉作出了回应。故选 B。
30 ．考查动词短语辨析。句意： 他说很多研究人员都经历过类似的困境。A. gone through 经历；B. belonged to 属于；C. passed down 传承；D. resulted from 由 …… 引起。根据后文“similar struggles(类似的困境)”可知，导师告诉作者很多研究人员都曾经历过这样的困境。故选 A。
31 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我放慢脚步，休息一下。A. plan 计划；B. chance 机会；C. risk 风险；D. break 休息。根据后文“With his support, I decided to step away from my research for a while.(在他的支持下，我决定暂时放下研究)”可知，导师建议作者稍作休息。故选 D。
答案第 6 页，共 12 页
32 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我感到很羞愧。A. retired 退休的；B. satisfied 满意的；C. ashamed 难为情的；D. excited 兴奋的。根据前文“opened up about my stress(倾诉自己的压力)”和后文“But soon, my family and friends began to share their difficulties, too.(但很快，
我的家人和朋友也开始分享他们的难处)”可知，作者起初因倾诉压力而感到难为情。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 一些同事也联系了我，和我聊了他们在学术生涯中遭遇的事。
A. ignored 忽视；B. contacted 联系；C. replaced 取代；D. questioned 质疑。根据后文“talked about what they had suffered in academic life(和我聊了他们在学术生涯中遭遇的事)”可知，同事们主动联系作者并交流心声。故选 B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 三个月后，我带着全新的心态回到了研究工作中——对同事更加开放。A. admitted 承认；B. listened 倾听；C. objected 反对；D. returned 回归。根据前文“I decided to step away from my research for a while.(我决定暂时放下研究)”和后文“with a
new mindset(带着全新的心态)”可知，休整过后的作者回归了科研工作。故选 D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 与他人合作并寻求帮助并不会降低我的价值；这意味着我们都能成功。A. seeking 寻求；B. offering 提供；C. hiding 隐藏；D. refusing 拒绝。根据前文“I was afraid to ask for help(我不敢寻求帮助)”和后文“help doesn’t weaken my value; it means we can all win.(帮助并不会降低我的价值；这意味着我们都能成功)”可知，作者改变了心态，明白寻求帮助并非是软弱的表现，与他人合作并寻求帮助不会降低自身价值。故选 A。
36 ．snack##nack
【详解】考查名词。句意：你最好只吃一点小点心，而不是狼吞虎咽地吃下一大顿正餐。由 instead of wolfing down a main meal 可知，此处表示“你最好只吃一点小点心”，由首字母提示 s 可知，是名词snack“小吃”，空前有 a，空格处用单数，故填 snack。
37 ．convenient##onvenient
【详解】考查形容词。句意： 在城镇里，自行车常常比汽车更方便。设空处使用形容词作表语，根据首字母和句意，此处表示“方便的”用 convenient。故填 convenient。
38 ．disappear##isappear
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意： 我在这房子里找不到一支笔。我一买它们，它们就消失了。根据“I can never find a pen in this house”和首字母可知，找不到钢笔,说明它们消失了，
disappear“消失”，根据“buy”可知，此句是一般现在时,主语 they 是复数形式，动词用原形，故填 disappear。
答案第 7 页，共 12 页
39 ．champion
【详解】考查冠词。句意：她很早就被认定为有望夺冠的选手。根据汉语提示“冠军”可知，此处为名词 champion，作宾语，不定冠词 a 修饰单数可数名词。故填 champion。
40 ．decorate
【详解】考查动词。句意： 当他们打算装修卧室时，最终说了算的是杰玛。plan to do sth.“打算做某事”是固定搭配，空处应填动词原形，表示“装饰”用动词decorate。故填 decorate。
41 ．limited
【详解】考查形容词。句意： 我们正在尽最大努力，利用有限的可用资源。根据所给汉语提示，应是形容词 limited，修饰名词 resources。故填 limited。
42 ．completion
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个项目耗时很长，但现在已接近完成。is nearing 是谓语动词，要接名词作宾语；complete 的名词是 completion，且是不可数名词，无单复数的变化。故填 completion。
43 ．harmonious
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们的和谐关系源于他们相似的目标。形容词 harmonious 作定语，修饰名词 relationship。故填 harmonious。
44 ．complaint
【详解】考查名词。句意：我认为你对我们的一名护士有投诉。空处应填名词作主语， complaint“投诉，抱怨”符合题意，冠词a 提示用其单数形式。故填 complaint。
45 ．Originally
【详解】考查副词。句意： 起初，我们原本打算去意大利的，但后来我们获得了去希腊的旅行机会。空处修饰 but 前的简单句，应用 original 的副词形式 originally，意为“起初，最初”，作状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填 Originally。
46 ．to get
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们设法及时赶到了机场。manage to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“设法做成某事”，此处为不定式形式to do 作宾语。故填 to get。
47 ．to
【详解】考查介词。句意： 我们专心思考，以找到这个问题的解决办法。solution to...为固定搭配，意为“……的解决办法”。故填 to。
48 ．his
答案第 8 页，共 12 页
【详解】考查代词。句意：在他看来，这本书是关于这个主题最好的一本。修饰名词
opinion，应用形容词性物主代词 his ，in one’s opinion“在某人看来”是固定搭配。故填 his。
49 ．construction
【详解】考查名词。句意： 避暑山庄是一座简单的木结构建筑。由空前的 a 可知，空处应填名词单数，construction 建筑物。故填 construction。
50 ．when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意： 我仍然记得我第一次来到北京那天。空处引导定语从句， 先行词为 the day，定语从句缺少时间状语，应用关系副词 when，故填 when。
51 ．that##which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意： 刚刚完成的这项工作非常重要。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词 The work 是物，因此用关系代词 that/which 引导定语从句，故填 that/which。
52 ．whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意： 这就是那位成就众所周知的科学家。分析句子结构可知， 空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是 scientist，指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语修饰名词 achievements，表示所属关系，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词 whose 引导定语从句。故填 whose。
53 ．who##that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意： 幸福与成功往往降临到那些善于发现自身长处的人身上。定语从句修饰先行词 people，在从句作主语，指人，可用 who 或 that 引导。故填 who/that。
54 ．to speak
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她表达了想和经理谈话的愿望。本句谓语为 expressed，
此处为非谓语动词，wish 后常接不定式作后置定语，表示“……的愿望”，本空用 speak 的不定式。故填 to speak。
55 ．to arrive
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： Wendy 总是第一个到校。one 前面有序数词 first 修饰，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，故填 to arrive。
56 ．to come
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： 简唱得如此好，以至于在歌唱比赛中获得了第一名。so...as to...是固定结构，意为“如此…… 以至于 ……”，后接不定式作结果状语，故填 to come。
答案第 9 页，共 12 页
57 ．for
【详解】考查介词。句意：他因他的小说而在国际上闻名。be famous for...是固定短语，意为“因……而闻名”，故填 for。
58 ．the
【详解】考查冠词。句意： 到达火车站后，我对当地知识进行了测试，问了一位出租车司机。 put sth. to the test 为固定搭配，意为“对……进行测试” ，the 为定冠词。故填 the。
59 ．what
【详解】考查表语从句。句意： 当我还是个小男孩的时候，除夕夜的晚餐是我最期盼的东西。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指“晚餐”，应用连接代词 what。故填 what。
60 ．exploring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： 随着科学家们探索新模型，人工智能在日常生活中发挥着更大的作用。此处考查“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，宾语 scientists 和 explore 是主动关系，应用现在分词 exploring 作宾语补足语。故填 exploring。
61 ．celebrated 62 ．meaningful 63 ．the 64 ．which##that 65 ．are made
66 ．to light 67 ．visiting 68 ．for 69 ．ages 70 ．togetherness
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国传统节日元宵节的庆祝时间、活动、习俗及意义。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意： 元宵节是一个传统的中国节日，在农历正月十五庆祝。句子谓语动词是 is，空格处是非谓语动词，celebrate“庆祝”与festival 之间是动宾被动关系关系，用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填 celebrated。
62．考查形容词。句意： 在这一天，月亮通常是圆的，这使得夜晚明亮，对家庭聚会来说很有意义。此处是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，用形容词 meaningful“有意义的”，与形容词bright 并列作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
63 ．考查冠词。句意：最受欢迎的活动之一是赏灯。most popular 是形容词最高级，其前需加定冠词 the。故填 the。
64．考查定语从句。句意： 这些通常放置在公共区域的灯笼吸引着家人和朋友四处走动，欣赏五颜六色的灯光。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 lanterns，且在定语从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词 which/that 引导该从句。故填 which/that。
65．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意： 灯笼的形状多种多样，如动物、花朵和故事中的
答案第 10 页，共 12 页
人物。make 和主语 lanterns 之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语 lanterns 是复数，be 动词用 are。故填 are made。
66 ．考查动词不定式。句意：灯笼足够亮，可以照亮夜晚的街道，营造出温暖友好的氛围。此处是“adj.+enough to do sth.”结构，意为“足够……去做某事”，本空用不定式 to light。故填 to light。
67 ．考查动名词。句意：许多人每年都和家人一起去参观灯会。take to doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，是固定短语，to 是介词，后接动名词 visiting 作宾语。故填visiting。
68．考查介词。句意： 它们象征着家庭团结和幸福的生活，意味着让家庭成员更亲密。stand for 意为“象征”，是固定短语。故填 for。
69．考查名词复数。句意：这些活动为庆祝活动带来了活力，吸引了不同年龄段的人。age“年龄”是可数名词，由different 修饰，用复数形式。故填 ages。
70．考查名词。句意： 通过这些传统和共同的经历，元宵节有助于传承文化，提醒人们团结的价值。介词 of 后接名词作宾语，togetherness 意为“团结”，是不可数名词。故填
togetherness。
71 ．One possible version: Dear Mike,
Hearing about your interest in trying some local specialties from my hometown, I’d like to recommend a dish called “Guo Bao Rou” (Double Cooked Pork Slices).
The reason for the recommendation is that Guo Bao Rou perfectly balances crispy texture with a delightful sweet and sour sauce, making it an unforgettable culinary experience.
Additionally, it uses locally sourced pork and potatoes, reflecting the hearty and warm nature of Heilongjiang’s cuisine. I believe it will give you a genuine taste of our local culture.
I’d be thrilled to take you to a traditional restaurant to try it together!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生以李华的身份， 给交换生好友 Mike 写一封邮件，为他推荐一道自己家乡的特色美食，并详细说明推荐理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
难忘的：unforgettable→memorable, indelible
使用：use→utilize, employ
答案第 11 页，共 12 页
反映：reflect→indicate, reveal
特点：nature→trait, character
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hearing about your interest in trying some local specialties from my hometown, I’d like to recommend a dish called “Guo Bao Rou” (Double Cooked Pork Slices).
拓展句：Hearing that you have an interest in trying some local specialties from my hometown, I’d like to recommend a dish called “Guo Bao Rou” (Double Cooked Pork Slices).
【点睛】[高分句型 1] The reason for the recommendation is that Guo Bao Rou perfectly balances crispy texture with a delightful sweet and sour sauce, making it an unforgettable culinary
experience. (运用了 that 引导表语从句、现在分词 making 作结果状语)
[高分句型 2] Additionally, it uses locally sourced pork and potatoes, reflecting the hearty and warm nature of Heilongjiang’s cuisine. (运用了现在分词 reflecting 作伴随状语)
答案第 12 页，共 12 页

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