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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元素养达标培优卷人教版（2024）
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．We can see many beautiful ________ under the water.
A．ships B．corals C．planes D．buildings
2．Australia is in the ________ part of the earth.
A．northern B．southern C．western D．eastern
3．They ________ to reach the top of the mountain at last.
A．failed B．stopped C．succeeded D．allowed
4．The Great Barrier ________ is very famous in the world.
A．Lake B．River C．Reef D．Forest
5．The weather on the mountain is very ________.
A．easy B．comfortable C．changeable D．pleasant
6．We should take a deep ________ when we feel nervous.
A．rest B．sleep C．breath D．walk
7．Many ________ go to the forest to study plants.
A．drivers B．researchers C．farmers D．workers
8．My brother is very ________ and wants to visit the moon.
A．lazy B．rude C．curious D．strict
9．The Dead Sea is about 430 metres ________ sea level.
A．on B．below C．over D．above
10．—Why did the mother stop her children and speak to them angrily
—Because all of us should follow the ________ when we cross the road.
A．strict rules B．personal safety C．bright ideas D．clear orders
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
Two years ago, on a flight to New Zealand, I watched the film Everest. In the film, a group of travelers get stuck on the mountain in a snowstorm and almost 11 dies. Maybe I just 12 more adventures in my life, I thought. So I made up my mind to start climbing, which was not the reaction (反应) most people have 13 watching that film.
I decided to climb the highest mountain in every European 14 , about 50 mountains in total. I wanted to see if girls just like me could climb mountains. 15 I was just a normal teenager, I wished to be a role model for girls.
There is no standard definition (标准定义) of a mountain. In Holland, the highest mountain is 16 just a small hill. You could even park your car at the top. It sounded a bit like cheating, but I still decided to climb the 17 mountain. Then, I chose to climb Mount Elbrus in Russia, Europe’s highest mountain. It was tiring, but I made it. And I started to make plans for climbing since my 18 to Switzerland, where I planned to climb Dufourspitze, but a heavy snow made it fall through. I realized that I should make 19 before going up a mountain.
Climbing mountains is an experience that is hard to put into words. You are in a beautiful environment, and when you 20 the top, you feel extremely happy. But also you have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen—since people are tired and it gets dark, it’s 21 to ensure the safety.
You have to 22 your weak side while climbing. I am afraid of things getting out of control, but I 23 I couldn’t control anything on a mountain. However, I successfully 24 the problem. If you spend hours on a mountain in quiet contemplation (沉思), later you will 25 home with a light heart.
11．A．everyone B．everywhere C．someone D．somewhere
12．A．kicked B．offered C．needed D．hated
13．A．before B．after C．without D．under
14．A．park B．garden C．lake D．country
15．A．As B．Unless C．Although D．If
16．A．recently B．usually C．normally D．actually
17．A．first B．second C．third D．last
18．A．memory B．childhood C．journey D．performance
19．A．competitions B．introductions C．invitations D．preparations
20．A．clean B．reach C．examine D．reflect
21．A．easier B．harder C．funnier D．slower
22．A．study B．love C．prefer D．face
23．A．found B．refused C．left D．promised
24．A．solved B．took C．cared D．heard
25．A．live B．find C．return D．buy
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Where it starts
The Yellow River starts in the Bayan Har Mountains and flows through nine provinces. After travelling about 5,464 kilometres, it finally reaches the Bohai Sea.
How it gets its name
The river carries a lot of sand from the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). Every year, the Yellow River carries about 1.6 billion tons of sand! This makes the Yellow River special. The sand turns the water yellow and gives the river its name.
Its culture
The Yellow River has a rich history and special cultures, like festival culture and cooking culture. Many Chinese poets love the Yellow River. They wrote many pieces of poetry. The famous poet Li Bai wrote, “The Yellow River’s water comes from the sky, rushing to the sea and never coming back.”
Its situation
It faces many challenges but is improving. Flood control projects now protect people better. However, water pollution from cities and farms remains a problem. Efforts are ongoing to reduce soil erosion (侵蚀) and save water.
26．Which province is the source (发源地) of the Yellow River
A．Qinghai. B．Gansu. C．Shaanxi. D．Hebei.
27．What can we know about the Yellow River
A．It is the longest river in China.
B．It does not face any pollution now.
C．Many Chinese poets wrote poems about it.
D．It carries about 1.6 million tons of sand every year.
28．Why does the Yellow River hold a special cultural status in Chinese history
A．Because it provides water for irrigation and farming.
B．Because it is the second longest river in China.
C．Because its yellow colour is seen as a symbol of the earth.
D．Because it has inspired countless poems and cultural traditions.
29．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Poetry of the Yellow River
B．The Yellow River: An Introduction
C．The Challenges of the Yellow River
D．A Travel Guide to the Yellow River
30．In which section of the magazine may we read the text
A．Science. B．Wildlife. C．Sports. D．Geography.
The Grand Canyon (大峡谷) is one of the greatest natural wonders on Earth. It is located in the state of Arizona, USA．The canyon was formed by the Colorado River over millions of years. It is about 446 kilometers long, up to 29 kilometers wide, and over 1.6 kilometers deep.
Every year, more than 5 million people visit the Grand Canyon. They come to see its colorful rocks and amazing views. Some people hike along the trails, while others take helicopter tours to get a bird’s-eye view of the canyon. The best time to visit is in spring or autumn, because the weather is not too hot or too cold.
Scientists say that the Grand Canyon is not just a beautiful place. It also tells us a lot about the Earth’s history. The rocks in the canyon are layers of different ages. By studying these rocks, we can learn about how the Earth changed over millions of years.
31．How was the Grand Canyon formed
A．By strong winds over thousands of years.
B．By the Colorado River over millions of years.
C．By earthquakes many years ago.
D．By people’s hard work.
32．How deep is the Grand Canyon
A．Over 1.6 kilometers. B．About 446 kilometers.
C．Up to 29 kilometers. D．About 5 million meters.
33．What do some people do to get a bird’s-eye view of the canyon
A．Hike along the trails. B．Take boat tours.
C．Take helicopter tours. D．Climb to the top on foot.
34．Why is spring or autumn the best time to visit
A．Because there are fewer people.
B．Because the weather is pleasant.
C．Because the rocks are more colorful.
D．Because we can learn more about Earth’s history.
35．What can we learn from the rocks in the Grand Canyon
A．How people lived there millions of years ago.
B．How the Colorado River was formed.
C．How the Earth changed over millions of years.
D．How many visitors come every year.
C
Located in the heart of Sichuan Province, Daocheng Yading is known as “the last Shangri-La on earth” for its breathtaking (令人惊叹的) natural scenery. Every year, thousands of travellers come to experience its snow-capped mountains, crystal-clear lakes, and vast grasslands. Here’s what you need to know before visiting this natural wonder.
Online TicketingTo better manage visitor numbers, tickets must be purchased (购买) in advance (提前). Online sales begin on the 1st day of each month for the following month’s visits. Opening Times The tourist season of the scenic area is from April 15th to November 30th each year. Daily opening hours are from 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., with the last entry permitted (允许) at 4:40 p.m. Ticket Prices ·Adults: ￥150 ·Students: ￥80 ·Children under 1.2 metres: Free Important Safety Rules ·Camping is only allowed in designated areas. ·No feeding or disturbing wild animals. ·Flying drones (UAVs) requires special permission in advance. Recommended (推荐的) Activities ·Hike to Milk Lake and Five-colour Lake ·Visit Chonggu Temple ·Take photos at Luorong Cattle Farm
36．When can people begin to buy tickets for Daocheng Yading online
A．On November 30th. B．On April 15th.
C．On the 1st day of each month. D．On the last day of each month.
37．How many hours is Daocheng Yading open every day during the tourist season
A．9 hours. B．11 hours. C．13 hours. D．15 hours.
38．If Mr and Mrs Zhang (both adults) and their 1.1-metre-tall child visit Daocheng Yading, how much should they pay for the tickets
A．￥150. B．￥300. C．￥380. D．￥450.
39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．You can fly a UAV freely.
B．You can feed wild animals.
C．You need permission to fly a UAV.
D．You can camp anywhere in Daocheng Yading.
40．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To list the reasons for visiting Daocheng Yading.
B．To introduce different activities in Daocheng Yading.
C．To give some information about visiting Daocheng Yading.
D．To compare different prices of visiting Daocheng Yading.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
Some places in the world are dry, and it hardly rains at all. In other places, it can rain for months without stopping. Too little rain 41
One of the driest places on Earth is the Atacama Desert. Some places in this desert haven’t had any rain for hundreds of years. 42 This makes Atacama a good place to look at the stars. Some people think that parts of this desert don’t look like Earth at all. 43 They think that the land is a lot like the land on Mars. In the parts of desert that are very dry, there is no life at all.
One of the wettest places on Earth is in the East Khasi Hills in India. 44 People go for a long time without seeing the sun. Then, after all the rain, there is a drought. During the rainy season it is very hard for people to go outside. The rain can come down in such thick sheets, and you can’t even see the drops. All this rain falling for so long causes problems for the people who live in the East Khasi Hills. It’s hard to grow anything. Besides, the rain brings insects and diseases. However, the rain has created beautiful waterfalls. 45
The climate is very important to every living thing. Living things have to learn how to survive in the climate they live in.
A．Here it rains for many months of the year.
B．People come from all over the world to see them.
C．Scientists have set up a research station here.
D．people hope to travel all over the world.
E．or too much rain can cause problems for living things.
F．The wind is bad for the living things.
G．In the Atacama Desert there are very few clouds.
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
Yaming and Ella are talking about rivers. Ella went to the Hukou Waterfall on the Yellow River. She 46 (think) the Yellow River was the longest river in China. But Yaming told her the Yangtze River is 47 (long). It travels the farthest and is about 6,300 kilometres long. The Yellow River is 5,464 kilometres long and is the second 48 (long).
Ella’s favourite river is the Nile. It is the longest river in Africa. It is 6,671 kilometres long and is very important in 49 (Egypt) history. Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations 50 (develop). They are still very important today.
In China, people call the Yellow River their “mother river”. Some parts of 51 carry brown and yellow earth. Ella thinks that’s interesting. She says people should protect 52 (they) by all means.
Yaming agrees. He says rivers are like mothers. They give us water and help us live. We should take good care of 53 (them). If we protect rivers, they 54 (protect) us too. Ella thinks Yaming is right. She wants 55 (learn) more about rivers in China.
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次(有两个多余)。
wonder, huge, deep, visit, amazing, climb, nature, clear, stand, hear, busy, study
I love 56 very much. Last month, I went to 57 the Yellowstone National Park with my friends. It’s one of the most famous parks in the US.
When we first arrived, we saw a 58 lake. The water was so 59 that we could see the stones at the bottom. Then we walked to a waterfall. It was 60 and the sound was very loud. We felt small when we 61 in front of it.
The next day, we 62 a mountain. On the way up, we 63 some birds singing in the trees. When we got to the top, the view was 64 . We could see forests, lakes and rivers all around. We all agreed that it was a great 65 of nature.
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。
Most people have heard of the Great Wall of China, but not many people outside of China know about the Grand Canal (大运河). This manmade waterway, known in China as Da Yunhe, is 1,700 kilometres long and some parts of it are more than 2,000 years old. It links (连接) the north of China with Hangzhou, a city in the southern part of the country. It’s the longest manmade waterway in the world.
It was built as a way to transport food from the rich land in China’s south to cities in the north. In fact, it’s not one canal, but a system of canals and rivers linked together.
It’s still an important part of the transport system in China. Thousands of boats use it every day to transport food and many other kinds of things.
China is now doing new work on the Grand Canal. It is making part of it deeper, so bigger ships can pass. The canal will also help to move water. There is a lot of rain in the south of China, but not so much in the north. The canal will carry lots of water from the south to the north.
The Grand Canal is much less famous than the Great Wall, and not very many visitors know it. But it sees the changes in Chinese history. It’s possible to go on a trip along some of the oldest parts of the canal. Visitors can see beautiful parts of China that others don’t see.
66．How long is Da Yunhe
67．Which city does the Grand Canal link with the north of China
68．What was the Grand Canal built for
69．How can bigger ships pass through the Grand Canal
70．Which is more famous, the Great Wall or the Grand Canal
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．题目：A Natural Wonder I Want to Visit
要求：
1. 介绍一个你想参观的自然奇观（可以是中国的或世界的）；
2. 描述它的特点（位置、大小、特别之处等）；
3. 说明你为什么想参观它；
4. 使用本单元所学的比较级和最高级表达；
5. 语句通顺，语法正确，逻辑清晰；
6. 词数不少于80词。
A Natural Wonder I Want to Visit
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：我们能在水下看到许多美丽的珊瑚
ships轮船；corals珊瑚；planes飞机；buildings建筑物。根据“under the water”可知，只有“珊瑚”是生长在水下的自然物体，能在水下看到，应填corals。
2．B
【解析】句意：澳大利亚在地球的南部。
northern北部的；southern南部的；western西部的；eastern东部的。根据常识可知，澳大利亚在南半球，即在地球的南部，应填southern。
3．C
【解析】句意：他们最终成功到达了山顶。
failed失败；stopped停止；succeeded成功；allowed允许。根据“to reach the top of the mountain at last”可知，此处指成功到达山顶，应填succeeded。
4．C
【解析】句意：大堡礁在世界上非常有名。
Lake湖；River河；Reef礁；Forest森林。根据常识可知，大堡礁在世界上非常有名，应填Reef。
5．C
【解析】句意：山上的天气非常多变。
easy容易的；comfortable舒服的；changeable多变的；pleasant令人愉快的。根据语境可知，此处描述山上天气多变，应填changeable。
6．C
【解析】句意：当我们感到紧张时，我们应该深呼吸。
rest休息；sleep睡觉；breath呼吸；walk走路。根据“when we feel nervous.”可知，紧张时应该深呼吸，take a deep breath“深呼吸”，固定搭配，应填breath。
7．B
【解析】句意：许多研究人员去森林研究植物。
drivers司机；researchers研究人员；farmers农民；workers工人。根据“go to the forest to study plants”可知，去森林研究植物的应该是研究人员，应填researchers。
8．C
【解析】句意：我弟弟非常好奇，想要去参观月球。
lazy懒惰的；rude粗鲁的；curious好奇的；strict严格的。根据“wants to visit the moon”可知，想去参观月球说明弟弟充满好奇心，应填curious。
9．B
【解析】句意：死海大约低于海平面430米。
on在……之上；below低于；over在……上方；above高于。根据地理常识可知，死海的海拔低于海平面，此处应填below。
10．A
【解析】句意：——为什么那位母亲拦住她的孩子们，生气地对他们说话？——因为过马路时我们都应该遵守严格的规则。
考查名词短语辨析。strict rules严格的规则；personal safety人身安全；bright ideas好主意；clear orders明确的命令。根据“follow the…when we cross the road”及常识可知，此处在强调过马路时应遵守交通规则，“follow the strict rules”意为“遵守严格的规则”。故选A。
11．A 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．C 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者观看电影《珠穆朗玛峰》后，决定开始爬山，并计划攀登欧洲每个国家的最高峰，在爬山过程中，作者克服恐惧，成功解决了问题，并从中获得了宝贵的经验。
11．句意：在电影中，一群旅行者在暴风雪中被困在山上，几乎每个人都死了。
everyone每个人；everywhere到处；someone某人；somewhere某处。根据“a group of travelers get stuck on the mountain in a snowstorm”可知，旅行者被困在暴风雪中，由此可推测几乎“每个人”都死了。故选A。
12．句意：也许我只是在生活中需要更多的冒险，我想。
kicked踢；offered提供；needed需要；hated讨厌。根据“So I made up my mind to start climbing”可知，作者决定开始爬山，由此推测她认为自己在生活中“需要”更多的冒险。故选C。
13．句意：所以我下定决心开始爬山，这不是大多数人看完那部电影后的反应。
before在……之前；after在……之后；without没有；under在……下面。根据“So I made up my mind to start climbing”可知，作者决定开始爬山，由此推测这是作者看完电影“之后”的反应。故选B。
14．句意：我决定攀登欧洲每个国家的最高峰，总共约50座山。
park公园；garden花园；lake湖；country国家。根据“I decided to climb the highest mountain in every European”可知，作者决定攀登欧洲每个“国家”的最高峰。故选D。
15．句意：虽然我只是一个普通的青少年，但我希望成为女孩们的榜样。
As作为；Unless除非；Although虽然；If如果。根据“I was just a normal teenager, I wished to be a role model for girls”可知，前后句之间存在转折关系，所以应用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。
16．句意：在荷兰，最高的山实际上只是一座小山。
recently最近；usually通常；normally正常地；actually实际上。根据“the highest mountain is…just a small hill”可知，此处指荷兰最高的山“实际上”只是一座小山。故选D。
17．句意：听起来有点像作弊，但我还是决定爬第一座山。
first第一；second第二；third第三；last最后。根据“Then, I chose to climb Mount Elbrus in Russia, Europe’s highest mountain”可知，作者先爬了荷兰的山，然后爬了俄罗斯的山，由此推测荷兰的山是作者爬的“第一座”山。故选A。
18．句意：自从我踏上瑞士之旅，我就开始计划爬山，在那里我计划攀登杜富尔峰，但一场大雪使计划落空了。
memory记忆；childhood童年；journey旅行；performance表演。根据“to Switzerland, where I planned to climb Dufourspitze”可知，作者计划去瑞士爬山，由此推测此处指作者踏上瑞士的“旅行”。故选C。
19．句意：我意识到在上山之前我应该做好准备。
competitions比赛；introductions介绍；invitations邀请；preparations准备。根据“a heavy snow made it fall through”可知，大雪使作者的爬山计划落空了，由此推测作者意识到在上山之前应该做好“准备”。故选D。
20．句意：你身处一个美丽的环境中，当你到达山顶时，你会感到非常高兴。
clean打扫；reach到达；examine检查；reflect反映。根据“the top, you feel extremely happy”可知，此处指“到达”山顶时，会感到非常高兴。故选B。
21．句意：但你也必须爬下来，这时大多数事故都会发生——因为人们累了，天也黑了，所以确保安全就更难了。
easier更容易的；harder更难的；funnier更有趣的；slower更慢的。根据“since people are tired and it gets dark”可知，人们累了，天也黑了，由此推测确保安全就“更难”了。故选B。
22．句意：爬山时你必须面对自己软弱的一面。
study学习；love爱；prefer更喜欢；face面对。根据“I am afraid of things getting out of control”可知，作者害怕事情失控，由此推测作者在爬山时必须“面对”自己软弱的一面。故选D。
23．句意：我害怕事情失控，但我发现在山上我无法控制任何事情。
found发现；refused拒绝；left离开；promised承诺。根据“I couldn’t control anything on a mountain”可知，作者无法控制山上的任何事情，由此推测这是作者“发现”的。故选A。
24．句意：然而，我成功地解决了这个问题。
solved解决；took拿走；cared关心；heard听见。根据“the problem”可知，此处指“解决”问题。故选A。
25．句意：如果你在山上静静地沉思几个小时，之后你会心情愉快地回家。
live居住；find发现；return返回；buy买。根据“If you spend hours on a mountain in quiet contemplation”可知，如果你在山上静静地沉思几个小时，由此推测之后你会心情愉快地“返回”家。故选C。
26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，从发源地、名字由来、文化内涵和现状四个方面介绍了黄河的基本情况。
26．第一段提到“The Yellow River starts in the Bayan Har Mountains”，黄河发源于巴颜喀拉山脉，该山脉位于青海省境内，因此发源地为青海。
27．第三段提到“Many Chinese poets love the Yellow River. They wrote many pieces of poetry”，说明许多中国诗人写过赞美黄河的诗歌。
28．第三段提到“The Yellow River has a rich history and special cultures...”说明黄河孕育了丰富的节日文化和饮食文化，并激发了无数诗人的创作，因此具有特殊的文化地位。
29．全文从四个不同方面对黄河进行综合介绍，属于概述性说明文，因此“The Yellow River: An Introduction”（黄河简介）最适合作标题。
30．本文介绍黄河的地理位置、发源地、流经省份等地理知识，最可能出现在杂志的“地理”板块。
31．B 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了大峡谷的相关信息，包括其位置、形成原因、规模、游客情况以及它对了解地球历史的意义。
31．第一段指出大峡谷形成原因：“The canyon was formed by the Colorado River over millions of years.”，这直接说明大峡谷是由科罗拉多河在数百万年间形成的。
32．第一段说明大峡谷相关信息：“It is about 446 kilometers long, up to 29 kilometers wide, and over 1.6 kilometers deep.”，表明大峡谷深度超过1.6公里。
33．第二段提到获取鸟瞰大峡谷的方式：“while others take helicopter tours to get a bird's-eye view of the canyon.”，所以一些人乘坐直升机游览来获取大峡谷的鸟瞰图。
34．第二段说明最佳参观时间原因：“The best time to visit is in spring or autumn, because the weather is not too hot or too cold.”，即春天或秋天是参观的最佳时间，因为天气不太热也不太冷。
35．第三段说明从大峡谷岩石能了解到的信息：“By studying these rocks, we can learn about how the Earth changed over millions of years.”，意味着通过研究这些岩石，我们可以了解地球在数百万年间是如何变化的。
36．C 37．B 38．B 39．C 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了稻城亚丁的相关信息，包括网上购票时间、开放时间、票价、重要安全规则以及推荐活动等，为计划前往稻城亚丁的游客提供了实用的指南。
36．细节理解题。根据“Online sales begin on the 1st day of each month for the following month’s visits.”可知，网上购票从每个月的第一天开始，可以购买下个月的门票。因此，人们可以在每个月的第一天开始在线购买稻城亚丁的门票。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“The tourist season of the scenic area is from April 15th to November 30th each year. Daily opening hours are from 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.”可知，旅游季节每天的开放时间是从早上7点到下午6点，共计11个小时。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“Ticket Prices”部分的信息“Adults: ￥150”和“Children under 1.2 metres: Free”可知，成人票价为150元，1.2米以下儿童免费。因此，张先生和张太太（均为成人）以及他们1.1米高的孩子参观稻城亚丁，他们应该支付两张成人票的费用，即300元。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据“Important Safety Rules”部分的信息“Flying drones (UAVs) requires special permission in advance.”可知，放飞无人机需要提前获得特别许可。因此，选项C“你需要获得许可才能放飞无人机”是正确的。选项A“你可以自由放飞无人机”、选项B“你可以喂野生动物”和选项D“你可以在稻城亚丁的任何地方露营”均与原文信息不符，是错误的。故选C。
40．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了稻城亚丁的相关信息，包括网上购票时间、开放时间、票价、重要安全规则以及推荐活动等，为计划前往稻城亚丁的游客提供了实用的指南。因此，文章的主要目的是提供关于参观稻城亚丁的一些信息。故选C。
41．E 42．G 43．C 44．A 45．B
【导语】本文介绍了地球上最干燥和最潮湿的地方，以及极端气候对生物的影响。
41．前句提到 “Too little rain”，后句应补充与之对应的内容，形成完整表达。E 选项 “或者太多的雨水。” 与 “太少的雨水” 形成对比，共同说明雨水过多或过少都会给生物带来问题，与后文内容呼应。
42．前句说 “Some places in this desert haven’t had any rain for hundreds of years”，后句说 “This makes Atacama a good place to look at the stars”，中间需要解释原因。G 选项 “阿塔卡马沙漠云很少。” 说明天空晴朗，因此适合观星，逻辑连贯。
43．前句说 “Some people think that parts of this desert don’t look like Earth at all”，后句说 “They think that the land is a lot like the land on Mars”，中间需要说明谁有这样的观点。C 选项 “科学家在这里建了一个研究站。” 解释了为什么会有科学家关注这片区域，与后句的 “他们认为” 形成衔接。
44．本段介绍印度东卡西丘陵，前句说 “One of the wettest places on Earth is in the East Khasi Hills in India”，后句说 “People go for a long time without seeing the sun”，中间需要补充具体的气候特征。A 选项 “这里一年中很多个月都在下雨。” 说明了潮湿的原因，与后句的 “长时间见不到太阳” 形成因果关系。
45．前句说 “the rain has created beautiful waterfalls”，后文没有其他内容，需要补充人们对瀑布的反应。B 选项 “世界各地的人们都来看它们。” 说明这些瀑布的吸引力，与前句的 “美丽瀑布” 形成合理衔接。
46．thought 47．longer 48．longest 49．Egypt’s 50．develop/to develop 51．it 52．them 53．them 54．will protect 55．to learn
【导语】本文主要讲述了Yaming和Ella在谈论河流，她们讨论了中国长江与黄河的长度对比、尼罗河的历史重要性，以及保护河流的重要性。
46．句意：她原以为黄河是中国最长的河流。根据上下文可知，这是她之前的想法，但现在知道了事实，所以应用一般过去时，think的过去式是thought。
47．句意：但Yaming告诉她长江更长。此处是将长江与黄河的长度进行对比，应用形容词的比较级形式，long的比较级是longer。
48．句意：黄河长5464公里，是第二长的河流。根据“the second...”结构可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式，表示“第二长的”，long的最高级是longest。
49．句意：它在埃及历史上非常重要。根据名词“history”可知，此处需用名词所有格形式表示“埃及的”，Egypt的所有格是Egypt’s，作定语。
50．句意：尼罗河和黄河都帮助了古代文明的发展。根据固定搭配help sb/sth (to) do sth“帮助某人/某物做某事”可知，此处应用带to或不带to的动词不定式，develop的动词不定式是to develop。
51．句意：它的一些部分携带着棕黄色的泥土。根据前文“the Yellow River”可知，此处用代词it指代黄河。
52．句意：她说人们应该尽一切努力保护它们。protect是动词，应用人称代词的宾格形式them作宾语。
53．句意：我们应该好好照顾它们。此处指照顾好“河流”，应用人称代词的宾格形式them指代前文的rivers。
54．句意：如果我们保护河流，它们也会保护我们。此句为if引导的条件状语从句，主句应用一般将来时，结构为“will do”，表示将来的结果。
55．句意：她想了解更多关于中国河流的知识。want to do sth“想要做某事”，此处应用带to的动词不定式。
56．nature 57．visit 58．huge 59．clear 60．deep 61．stood 62．climbed 63．heard 64．amazing 65．wonder
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了上个月和朋友们一起去黄石国家公园游玩的经历，描绘了深邃清澈的湖泊、巨大的瀑布以及壮丽的山顶风光，表达了对大自然奇迹的赞叹之情。
56．句意：我非常热爱大自然。此处需要一个名词，在句中作动词“love”的宾语。因为后文详细描述了作者去黄石国家公园看湖泊、看瀑布和爬山的经历，这说明作者热爱自然景观，所以选择nature。故填nature。
57．句意：上个月，我和朋友们去参观了黄石国家公园。此处需要一个动词，在句中作目的状语。因为后文宾语为“the Yellowstone National Park”，去国家公园的目的通常是游览参观，所以选择visit。因为固定结构“go to do sth.”不定式符号to后需接动词原形。故填visit。
58．句意：我们刚到的时候，看到了一个巨大的湖泊。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词“lake”。因为黄石公园以广阔的湖泊闻名，a huge lake“一个巨大的湖泊”是描写此类自然风景时非常地道的搭配，表示湖面极其宽广，所以选择huge。故填huge。
59．句意：湖水清澈见底，我们能看到湖底的石头。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语。因为后文提到“that we could see the stones at the bottom”，能一眼看透水底说明水质非常清澈，所以选择clear。因为固定句型“so…that…”中so后需接形容词或副词原级。故填clear。
60．句意：瀑布很深，水声震耳欲聋。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语。因为后文提到巨大的水声以及让人感到渺小，用以形容瀑布的落差极深或峡谷的深邃，给人带来强烈的压迫感与震撼，所以选择deep“深的”。故填deep。
61．句意：站在它面前时，我们感觉自己很渺小。此处需要一个动词，在句中作时间状语从句的谓语。因为语境表达的是站立在瀑布前面仰望，所以选择stand。因为主句谓语“felt”提示这是一般过去时的语境，从句时态需保持一致，stand的过去式为不规则变化。故填stood。
62．句意：第二天，我们去爬了山。此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语。因为后文宾语为“a mountain”（一座山），表示登山运动的固定搭配为“climb a mountain”，所以选择climb。因为通篇讲述的是上个月发生的旅行经历，动词应用一般过去时。故填climbed。
63．句意：上山的路上，我们听到一些鸟儿在树上歌唱。此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语。因为后文接有宾语及宾语补足语“some birds singing”，表示通过耳朵察觉到鸟儿的声音，符合结构“hear sb./sth.doing sth.”，所以选择hear。因为动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填heard。
64．句意：到达山顶时，景色令人惊叹。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语。因为前文提到成功登顶，且后文描述能将四周的森林、湖泊和河流尽收眼底，说明视野极佳、景色绝美，所以选择amazing。故填amazing。
65．句意：我们都认为这是大自然的一大奇观。此处需要一个名词，在句中作表语。因为前文描绘了公园内众多震撼人心的宏伟景观，且“a wonder of nature”是常用固定搭配，意为“大自然的奇迹”，所以选择wonder。因为空前有不定冠词“a”，需填入单数名词。故填wonder。
66．It is 1,700 kilometres long. 67．It links Hangzhou with the north of China. 68．It was built as a way to transport food from the rich land in China’s south to cities in the north. 69．By making part of it deeper. 70．The Great Wall is more famous.
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国大运河的基本信息、历史作用、现状及知名度等内容。
66．第一段“This manmade waterway, known in China as Da Yunhe, is 1,700 kilometres long…”，给出了大运河的长度信息，这是原文中的具体数字，直接提取作答。
67．第一段明确指出“It links the north of China with Hangzhou”，说明它把杭州与中国北方连接起来，直接提取地点信息作答。
68．第二段开头“as a way to transport food from the rich land in China’s south to cities in the north”说明大运河修建的用途，直接引用原文作答。
69．第四段提到“It is making part of it deeper, so bigger ships can pass”，说明是通过把大运河的一部分挖深，让大船通过。
70．第五段直接对比“The Grand Canal is much less famous than the Great Wall”，可推断出长城更有名。
71．范文
A Natural Wonder I Want to Visit
The natural wonder I want to visit most is Mount Qomolangma. It is the highest mountain in the world, standing at 8,848.86 metres above sea level. It is located on the border between China and Nepal.
I want to visit Mount Qomolangma because I am amazed by its beauty and greatness. Although I may not be able to climb to the top, I would love to see it with my own eyes. I want to feel how small we are compared to nature and learn from the climbers’ spirit of never giving up.
Visiting Mount Qomolangma would be the most unforgettable experience of my life. I hope one day my dream will come true.
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：说明文，一般现在时为主
明确要点：介绍想参观的自然奇观，及其特点和参观原因
确定人称：第一人称
注意事项：语句通顺，语法正确，逻辑清晰；词数不少于80词
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构
开头段：开门见山点明最想参观的自然奇观及其位置。
主体段：描述参观原因及其特点。
结尾段：总结感受并表达期待。
[要点展开]
要点一：景观、位置及特点
景观描述：Mount Qomolangma, the Grand Canyon, Niagara Falls, Mount Fuji等
位置描述：located on, next to, across from等
特点描述：the highest mountain, 8,848.86 metres high, the longest wall, has a long history, a symbol of China等
要点二：参观原因及感受
参观原因：its beauty and greatness, see it with my own eyes, the climbers’ spirit of never giving up, amazing scenery, one of the greatest wonders in the world等
感受描述：the most unforgettable experience, feel happy, the sweetest memory, be brave and patient等
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