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(共30张PPT)
Grammar
Unit 3
My hometown
To master common prepositions of place.
01
02
学习目标
To master the basic usage rules of the indefinite articles "a" and "an" and the definite article "the";
Read the text below. Pay attention to the use of a, an and the.
Beijing is the capital of China.
Tian’anmen Square is a square in the centre of the city.
In the square, there are always people from all over the country.
There is also the Summer Palace, an amazing traditional Chinese garden.
Kunming Lake, a big lake in it, is very famous.
新课讲授
Presentation
Work out the rules.
We use _______when we mention a person/thing for the first time.
We use _______:
when we talk about a specific person/thing;
when we mention a person/thing for the second time;
before some proper nouns;
when there is only one of something.
a / an
the
a vs an
定义
1.首次提及某人或某物
e.g. I visited a museum in Beijing. 用 “a” 表示泛指北京的一个博物馆，不明确具体是哪一个。
e.g. We entered an art gallery. 用 “an” 表示泛指北京的一个美术馆。
2.表示一类人或事物中的任何一个
e.g. A historical site in Beijing is a great place to learn about history. 用 “a” 表示北京众多历史遗迹中的任意一个个体。
e.g. An imperial palace shows the grandeur of ancient dynasties. 用 “an” 表示皇宫这类建筑中的任意一个，这里指代北京的皇宫。
Summary
It was _______ place where merchants, artisans, and intellectuals gathered.
a
a：不定冠词 “a” 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，表示 “一个”。
e.g. There is a park（一个公园），这里 “park” 的发音 [pɑ k] 是以辅音音素 [p] 开头。
an：不定冠词 “an” 用于以元音音素开头的单词前，表示 “一个”。
It offers ______ opportunity to engage with Beijing's history and culture while experiencing modern comforts.
an
e.g. At the foot of the Great Wall sits an ancient temple.（一座古老的庙宇）“ancient” 的发音 [ e n nt] 是以元音音素 [e ] 开头。
the
the：是定冠词，用来特指，表示：
双方都知道的、
上文提到过的、
具有独特意义
在特定语境下确定的
一、双方都知道的
当你和朋友在北京聊天，提到一个很有名的景点时：
Let's go to the Forbidden City.（让我们去故宫吧。） 在北京当地，“the Forbidden City”（故宫）是大家都知道的著名景点。
二、上文提到过的
“I visited a historical site yesterday. The historical site has a long history.（我昨天参观了一个历史遗址。这个历史遗址有着悠久的历史。）”
这里先提到了 “a historical site”（一个历史遗址），后面再次提到就用 “the historical site” 来特指前面提到过的那个遗址。
三、具有独特意义
The Great Wall is a wonder of the world.（长城是世界奇迹。）
长城（The Great Wall）具有独特的、举世闻名的意义，所以用 “the”。
四、在特定语境下确定的
We are going to visit the Summer Palace this weekend.
（我们这个周末打算去参观颐和园。）
在这个语境中，说话者确定要去的就是颐和园（the Summer Palace）这个北京景点。
Look at this wonderful building. It is the National Stadium, also called (1)_______ Bird's Nest. It is (2) _______ modern stadium in the north of Beijing. It dates from(3) _______ 2008 and is (4) _______ important building in (5) _______city. It is big enough for 91,000 people and is now(6) _______ popular place for sports and music events.
the
a
/
an
the
a
Daniel is reading a short text about Beijing National Stadium. Read the text below and fill in the blanks with a, an, the or /.
Practice
Amazing building
2008 Olympic Games
Open to visitors
Great place
Enjoy swimming and sports
The Water Cube is another place of interest in Beijing. Talk with your partner about it, using a, an and the. The words below may help you.
The exchange students are now in Beihai Park. Look at the picture below and read its description. Pay attention to the use of prepositions of place.
We are now in Beihai Park. Here is a small shop. There are some flowers in front of the shop. Behind the shop, there is a big tree. A boy is coming. He is standing outside the shop. The shopkeeper inside the shop is smiling at him. The shop sells food and drinks. On the left there are some drinks below the snacks. On the right, there is some bread and sandwiches above the drinks. Beside the boy, there is a bench. You can see a ball under it. Next to the bench is a big tree. The tree leaves over the bench are waving in the wind.
Presentation
There are some flowers __________the shop.
in front of
before or ahead of in position
_________ the shop, there is a big tree.
Behind
At or to the back of; in the rear of
A boy is coming. He is standing ______the shop.
outside
On or to the outer side of; exterior to
The shopkeeper ________ the shop is smiling at him
inside
On the inner side of
On the left there are some drinks _______ the snacks.
below
At a lower level or position than
On the right, there is some bread and sandwiches ______the drinks.
above
At a higher level or layer than
_________ the boy, there is a bench.
Beside
At the side of; next to
_________the bench is a big tree.
Next to
Immediately adjacent to; beside
The tree leaves ______ the bench are waving in the wind.
over
At or to a point across intervening space
Work out the rules.
We use __________ when we want to describe something being within a place;
We use __________ when something is on the exterior of a place;
We use __________ when one thing is vertically under another;
We use __________ when something is vertically over another;
We use __________ when one thing is by the side of another;
We use __________ when two things are immediately adjacent;
We use __________ when something is on top of and perhaps covering another;
We use __________ when one thing is ahead of another in position;
We use __________ when one thing is at the rear of another.
inside
outside
below
above
beside
Next to
over
in front of
behind
Look at the house in a siheyuan. There are two lanterns just (1)_________ above the roof. (2) _________ the house, there are two trees. An old man is standing (3) _________ a tree. There is a bird cage (4) _________ his head. A bird is singing (5) _________ in the cage. (6) _________ the old man lies a dog.
under
In front of
beside
over
inside
behind
Daniel is showing the exchange students a picture of siheyuan. Complete his description with the correct prepositions of place.
Practice
Take a picture of a place in your hometown. Write a short text about the place, using a, an, the and prepositions of place.
开头描述家乡总体特点：
My hometown is a ______ place …
2.介绍这个家乡的具体特点：
It is a _______filled with…
There is...in the center of...
Around the pond, there are...
Under an …there is...
3.最后总结家乡的特殊意义：
Overall, …is a special place that brings...
1. I have ______ pen.
2. She is ______ honest girl.
3. Look at ______ moon.
一、填空并解释（a /an / the 的区分）
a
an
the
当堂检测
这里用 “a”，因为 pen /pen/ 是以辅音音素开头
这里用 “an”，因为 honest / n st / 是以元音音素 / / 开头
这里用 “the”，因为这里特指天上的月亮
二、选择合适的介词填空
The cat is sleeping ______ the box. (inside / outside)
The tree is ____________ the house. (in front of / behind)
The clouds are ______ our heads. (above / below)
My schoolbag is ______ the desk. (beside / over)
The temperature today is five degrees ______ zero. (below / above)
The supermarket is ______ my house. (next to / in front of)
There is a bridge ______ the river. (over / above)
inside
in front of
above
beside
below
next to
over
用 “a, an, the” 和地点介词描述自己的房间，包括房间里的物品及其位置关系，至少写 5 句话。可以先画出房间草图，再根据草图进行描述。
Preview Unit 3 Pronunciation.
Homework

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