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2. Whose birthday is it
Unit 2
Stay Healthy
人教版 英语（八年级下册）
Section B
Vocabulary in Use
学习目标
01
02
03
识别并理解后缀 -less、-ache、-self/selves 的含义及构词规律。
区分易混词对：pain vs. ache，catch vs. take，injury vs. pain，hurt vs. suffer，sore vs. harmful。
运用 with + 名词 结构描述人物的情绪或状态。
使用所学表达描述日常生活中的健康问题或意外事故（如 have a sore throat，catch a cold，suffer from a headache）。
结合本课词汇与句型，创编一段关于“意外事故或健康问题”的简短对话或故事。
反思生活中的不安全行为（如边走路边看手机），并用英语表达如何“对自己负责，珍爱生命”。
Let’s review!
have a fever
have a cold
have a runny nose
have a cough
take the temperature
take some medicine
drink some water
have a headache
have a stomachache
have a toothache
go to the hospital
see a dentist
lie down and have a rest
have a backache
have a sore throat
have a sore foot
have a nosebleed
have a bruised knee
drink water with honey
sit and rest
tilt the head forward and pinch the nose
use the bandage
2. Whose birthday is it
01 词汇
Vocabulary
Let’s watch and learn.
你还知道有哪些后缀呢？
Look at the changes of the pictures and summarize the rule of the suffix “less”.
colour
care
harm
pain
colourless
careless
harmless
painless
无色的
无害的
粗心的
无痛的
without
-less
-less
- less: 形容词后缀，没有……的
Look at the changes and summarize the rule of the suffix “ache”.
Pain
-less
-less
- ache: 名词后缀，表示身体部位的疼痛
head (n.)
+ ache
headache
stomach (n.)
back (n.)
stomachache
backache
tooth (n.)
toothache
反身代词
反身代词
数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己
itself 它自己
复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves
他（她、它）们自己
Look at the changes below. What dose the suffix “self / selves” means
self
selves
单数
复数
a person or a thing on their own.
Complete the words with correct suffixes in the box.
-less
-ache
-self
-selves
colour____
care____
harm____
pain____
back____
head____
stomach____
tooth____
my____
your____
him____
her____
it____
our____
your____
them____
less
less
less
less
ache
ache
ache
ache
self
self
self
self
self
selves
selves
selves
-less
-ache
-self / selves
without
pain
a person or thing on their own
Can you write more words with the suffixes
-less
without
n + -less → adj
单独的 -less 发音为 /l s/
hope
use
home
end
help
fear
hopeless
useless
homeless
endless
helpless
fearless
将括号内的名词变为形容词，并选择其正确意思填空。
After failing the exam three times, he felt quite _________(hope).
The universe is so big that it seems _______(end).
Many charities provide food and shelter for the _________(home).
A ________(care) driver is a danger to everyone on the road.
It’s _______(use) to cry over spilled milk.
hopeless
endless
homeless
careless
useless
Can you write more words with the suffixes
-ache
pain
身体部位+ache
持续的、非瞬间的疼痛
head
stomach
tooth
back
ear
-ache (n) vs. sore (adj)
身体内部的、持续的隐痛
身体表面或局部因发炎、受伤、过度使用而产生的酸痛、疼痛
have a + n + ache
have a sore + 身体部位
feel sore
headache, stomachache
sore throat
sore eyes
sore muscles
headache
stomachache
toothache
backache
earache
用所给词的正确形式填空（ache, sore）
I sang too much last night, and now I have a __________ throat.
（我昨晚唱歌太多了，现在嗓子疼。）
She has a bad __________ and needs to see a dentist.
（她牙疼得厉害，需要看牙医。）
After carrying the heavy box, he had a __________ .
（搬了重箱子后，他背痛。）
When you have a fever, you often get __________ muscles all over.
（发烧时，你常常会全身肌肉酸痛。）
sore
toothache
backache
sore
Can you write more words with the suffixes
myself
yourself
ourselves
yourselves
himself
herself
itself
themselves
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
- self/
- selves
形代+-self/selves
宾格+-self/selves
固定搭配
help oneself to... 请自便，随便吃…
enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心
teach oneself... = learn... by oneself 自学…
by oneself = alone 独自地
单数+-self
复数+ -selves
2. Whose birthday is it
Vocabulary in Use
02 词汇运用
2b
Complete the sentences with the correct words in brackets.
1. The little boy fell off his chair and cried out in _____ (pain, ache).
2. If you don't wear a mask, you might _______ the flu. (take, catch)
3. Be careful when you do sport. If you get a(n) _______, you'll have to rest
for some time. (injury, pain)
4 . Tom's ear _______, so the doctor gave him some pills for it. (suffer, hurt)
5 . Lifting those heavy boxes all morning made my arms really _______.
(harmful, sore)
pain
catch
injury
hurt
sore
Learn and differentiate the words below.
pain： 名词。指时间可长可短，但强调痛感强烈 ，用途广泛（精神上）。常与 in 搭配 (a pain in..., in pain)。
ache： 名词。通常指持续的、隐隐的钝痛。常与身体部位构成复合词 (headache, stomachache)。
pain
vs
ache
用 pain 或 ache 的适当形式填空。
I have a terrible ___________ in my back after sitting all day.
She felt a sharp ___________ in her ankle when she fell.
My son is in prison; the situation is causing me a lot of ___________.
Eating too much can give you a stomach___________.
After the marathon, every bone in my body was ___________.
The little boy cried in ___________ when he cut his finger.
Tooth___________ is the worst kind of ___________, I think.
ache
pain
pain
ache
aching
pain
ache
pain
Learn and differentiate the words below.
catch + 疾病：感染、患上, 强调“被传染”或“着凉”的过程。
take + 药物/治疗：服药、采取治疗措施, 通常指口服。
catch
vs
take
“生病用 catch， 吃药用 take”
用 catch 或 take 的适当形式填空。
If you don't get enough sleep, you might easily ______ a cold.
The doctor said I need to ______ this medicine for a week.
She went out in the rain and ______ a bad cold yesterday.
Remember to ______ your temperature before you ______ the medicine.
My grandfather has to ______ pills for his heart every day.
Be careful! You'll ______ the flu if you stay with those sick people.
— I have a headache. — You should ______ some painkillers.
catch
take
caught
take
take
take
catch
take
Learn and differentiate the words below.
injury： 名词。指由事故、运动等造成的身体伤害、损伤（如骨折、扭伤）。
pain： 名词。指受伤或生病后产生的疼痛感觉。
injury
vs.
pain
逻辑关系： 先有 injury（受伤），然后才会感到 pain（疼痛）。
用 injury 或 pain 的适当形式填空。
He fell off his bike and suffered serious ______ to his arm.
I have a sharp ______ in my back after lifting that heavy box.
The driver escaped without ______ in the crash.
The sick boy was crying in ______ all night.
Wearing high heels for a long time can cause foot ______.
The footballer missed the game because of a leg ______.
It ______ me to see you so unhappy.
injury
pain
injury
pain
pain
injury
pains
Learn and differentiate the words below.
hurt： 动词（及物或不及物）。指伤害的结果、疼痛的感觉（常指短期的、具体的伤痛）。
suffer： 动词（不及物）。指受苦的过程、经历的苦难（常指长期的、持续的受苦）。
hurt
vs.
suffer
完成句子
他在事故中受了重伤，但幸运的是没有生命危险。
He was ______ ______ in the accident, but luckily his life was not in danger.
许多学生因为学习压力大而遭受失眠的痛苦。
Many students ______ ______ insomnia because of great study pressure.
如果你那样说，会伤害她的自尊心。
If you say that, you will ______ her ______.
这个地区的人们在战争中遭受了巨大苦难。
The people in this area _________ great ________ during the war.
badly hurt
suffer from
hurt
suffered
feeling
suffering
Learn and differentiate the words below.
sore： 形容词。指（肌肉、喉咙等）因过度使用、发炎或感染而酸痛的、疼痛的。
harmful： 形容词。指对健康或环境有害的。
sore
vs.
harmful
Complete the sentences.
I’ve had a stomach ______ all day. (pain / ache)
Don‘t stand in the rain, or you‘ll ______ a cold. (take / catch)
After the car accident, he had several serious ______. (injuries / pains)
My throat is really ______ because I cheered too loudly at the concert. (sore / harmful)
“What’s wrong ” “My leg ______. I think I need to see a doctor.” (hurts / suffers)
ache
catch
injuries
sore
hurts
2c
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
injury X-ray avoid aid throw colour
Kelly looked at her phone. She was late, and her exam was starting
in 10 minutes! Suddenly, something hit her hard and ______ her to the
ground.
"Are you all right " the driver cried out. His face was __________
with fear. But Kelly didn't say anything. She was suffering from shock and her arm was bleeding. "Don't worry. I know first _____! I'll call for help too!" the driver said.
At the hospital, the doctor checked Kelly's arm carefully. An ______ showed that her right arm was broken. "You're lucky that your ______ wasn't worse," said the doctor.
"You're right," Kelly said. "I'll ______ looking at my phone while crossing the road next time."
threw
colourless
aid
X-ray
injury
avoid
2. Whose birthday is it
Production
03 产出
Production
How to Avoid Injuries at School / at Home
建议使用句式：
“Always… to avoid injuries.”
“Never… because it’s harmful.”
“If you feel pain, tell an adult.”
“Be careful when you…, or you might get hurt.”
本课词汇提示：
painful, harmful, injury, ache, shock, bleed, check, first aid…
Try to make a poster in groups.
Title: Stay Safe, Stay Happy!
Part 1: DOs (What we should do)
Part 2: DON’Ts (What we should avoid)
Part 3: First Aid Tips (What to do if someone gets hurt)
Slogan:
e.g. "Safety first, no more pain!"
2. Whose birthday is it
Language Points
04 要点详解
Let's learn and take notes.
bleed /bli d/ v. 流血；出血
词性转换：
过去式/过去分词：bled /bled/ 名词：bleeding（流血；出血）
固定搭配：bleed heavily/profusely（大出血） nose bleed（鼻血）
辨析：bleed 指“流血”； blood 是名词“血液”。
词
讲
练
He bled heavily from the cut on his arm.（他手臂上的伤口流了很多血。）
2. If the wound is not treated, she could bleed to death.（如果伤口不处理，她可能会失血而死。）
3. The doctor stopped the bleeding with a bandage.（医生用绷带止住了血。）
例
填空：His knee was _________ (bleed) after he fell off the bike.
翻译：她流鼻血了，需要躺下休息。
bleeding
She had a nose bleed and needed to lie down and rest.
Let's learn and take notes.
harmful / hɑ rmfl/ adj. 有害的
词性转换：
反义词：harmless（无害的） 名词：harm（伤害） 动词：harm（伤害）
固定搭配：be harmful to（对…有害） harmful effects（有害影响）
辨析：harmful 指“造成伤害的”；dangerous 指“危险的”,不一定已造成伤害。
词
讲
练
Smoking is harmful to your health.（吸烟有害健康。）
Some chemicals can have harmful effects on the environment.（某些化学物质对环境有有害影响。）
This insect looks scary but is actually harmless.（这种昆虫看起来吓人，但其实无害。）
例
填空：Too much screen time is ________ (harm) to children’s eyes.
翻译：塑料袋对环境非常有害。
harmful
Plastic bags are very harmful to the environment.
Let's learn and take notes.
shock / k/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事 v. 使震惊；使惊愕
词性转换： 形容词：shocked（感到震惊的），shocking（令人震惊的）
固定搭配：in shock（处于震惊中）a shock to sb.（对某人是一个打击）be shocked at/by（对…感到震惊）
辨析：shock 指强烈的震惊或打击； surprise 指一般的惊讶。
词
讲
练
The news of his death came as a great shock.（他去世的消息令人非常震惊。）
She was shocked at the high price.（她对高昂的价格感到震惊。）
His sudden appearance shocked everyone.（他的突然出现让所有人都大吃一惊。）
例
填空：We were all ______ (shock) by the sudden change.
翻译：听到这个消息，她震惊得说不出话来。
shocked
She was so shocked by the news that she couldn’t speak.
2. Whose birthday is it
05 课堂小测
Exercise
1. On his way to school, he saw an old man ______ (lie) on the side of the road.
2. The kids could share their stories together and enjoy __________ at the reading
club. (they)
3. Bob felt that he had problems _________ (breathe) after running for such a long time.
4. Emma _____ (hurt) her back when she fell off her horse.
5. He ate too much food, so he had a ___________ (stomach).
6. If you feel _______ (pain) during exercise, stop immediately and check your body.
7. He fell off his bike and his knee started ________________ (bleed). We need to find a
bandage quickly.
lying
一、用单词的适当形式填空。
themselves
breathing
hurt
stomachache
painful
bleeding / to bleed
She has a bad _________ and needs to rest in a dark room. (headache / pain)
You should wash your hands often to ________ getting sick. (avoid / catch)
He fell off his bike and got a serious ________ to his knee. (injury / hurt)
The cut on her finger ________ a lot when she touches water. (hurts / painful)
After carrying heavy boxes all day, his back felt ________. (sore / harmful)
二、选词填空.
headache
avoid
injury
hurts
sore
Homework
基础作业：抄写并记忆本课10个核心词汇及例句，每个词造句1句。
进阶作业：以“一次小意外”为题，写一段60词左右的英文短文，需使用至少5个本课所学词汇。
拓展作业：设计一张“校园安全小贴士”英文海报，包含3条建议，并尝试使用带有 -less 或 -self/-selves 的词汇。
2. Whose birthday is it
Thanks
for watching!

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