资源简介

(共28张PPT)
Part 01 宾语从句的定义
Part 02宾语从句的句法功能
Part 03宾语从句的连接词
Part 04宾语从句中的语序
Part 05宾语从句中的时态变化
Part 06宾语从句练习题
PART 01
宾语从句的
定义
PART 01 宾语从句的定义
We know him.
简单句
主
谓
宾
We know he likes English.
主
谓
宾
主
谓
宾
复合句
宾 语 从 句
主句
简言之，宾语由一个词变成了一句话，就叫作宾语从句。
Find out the object clause
I believe that he is honest.
I remember that he gave me a book yesterday.
I hope that I can receive your e-mail.
I don’t know whether he’ll arrive in time.
宾语从句
主句
PART 02
宾语从句的
句法功能
PART 02 宾语从句的句法功能
1.作动词的宾语
He wanted to know when we would have the English party.
2.作介词的宾语
It all depends on whether it will be fine next week.
3.作系表结构的宾语
I am sure that he will succeed soon.
大多数及物动词都可以接宾语从句
介词后常用whether、which、whom引导宾语从句
系表结构中多用表示情感态度的形容词
可接宾语从句的动词短语？
find out 查明
point out 指出
make sure/certain 确保/弄清楚
keep in mind 牢记
Please find out when the ship sails for New York.
请查明那艘船什么时候起航开往纽约。
PART 03
宾语从句的
连接词
PART 03 宾语从句的连接词
that引导的宾语从句
He said (that) he could finish his work before supper.
He told me (that) his sister came back yesterday.
I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.
注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。
PART 03 宾语从句的连接词
whether、if引导的宾语从句
whether/if引导宾语从句表示“是否”
I don’t know whether/if he still lives here after so many years.
I wonder if/whether he is a driver.
Sarah wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam.
一般情况下whether/if可互换，但在某些情况下，只能用whether：
PART 03 宾语从句的连接词
1
引导介词后的宾语从句时
2
3
与or not直接连用时
动词不定式之前只能用whether
I’m interested in whether he joins the army.
It depends on whether I have enough time.
We’re not sure whether or not there’ll be rain tomorrow.
I don’t know whether or not he will come.
She doesn’t know whether to go.
Whether to go or stay is a question.
PART 03 宾语从句的连接词
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
He didn’t tell me when we would meet again.
I wondered where he bought the book.
She wondered who had sent the flowers.
Mike asked me how I finish the work on time.
who, whom, whose, which, what, where, how, why, when…引导的宾语从句中，这些词在句中不可省略，有意义。
PART 04
宾语从句中的
语序
PART 04 宾语从句中的语序
陈述语序
He asked me what I did yesterday afternoon.
Do you know why winter is colder than summer
I want to know whether you can come or not.
宾语从句必须用陈述句语序，即按照“主语+谓语”的顺序。
PART 04 宾语从句中的语序
Try to correct
Can you tell me what is your job
She wondered why are you late.
I don’t know what the matter is with him.
what your job is
why you are late.
what is the matter with him.（特殊）
PART 04 宾语从句中的语序
温馨提示
What’s wrong/ the matter with sb./sth. 作宾语时，语序不变。
I don’t know what is the matter with him.= I don’t know what’s wrong with him.
我不知道他怎么了。
PART 05
宾语从句中的
时态变化
PsART 05 宾语从句中的时态变化
1
当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据情况而定。
I remember (that)
I hear (that)
She wonders
I hear (that)
he gave me a book yesterday.
he often listens to tapes.
when he will come back.
Tom is talking with Jim now.
主句一般现在时
(一般过去时)
(一般现在时)
(一般将来时)
(现在进行时)
从句根据情况而定
PART 05 宾语从句中的时态变化
2
当主句是一般过去时，宾语从句应用一种相应的过去时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。
He told me (that)
She said (that)
He asked me
He said (that)
he would take part in the high jump.
she was going to America.
if I had had fun at the party.
he was reading a book.
主句一般过去时
(过去将来时)
(过去将来时)
(过去完成时)
(过去进行时)
PART 05 宾语从句中的时态变化
3
当宾语从句为客观事实或真理时，从句不受主句限制，永远用一般现在时。
the earth goes around the sun.
He told me (that)
the sun rises in the East.
We knew (that)
light travels faster than sound.
Our teacher told us (that)
Let’s conclude
主句时态 从句时态
一般现在时 根据句意而定
一般过去时 相应的过去某种时态
任意时态 客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等一律用一般现在
宾语从句三要素
连接词
that
whether, if
特殊疑问词 who, when, where, what, how…
时态
主句为一般现在时：从句根据实际情况而定
主句为一般过去时：从句应用一种相应的过去时态
从句表示客观真理时不受主句限制，从句永远为一般现在时
语序
陈述语序：连接词+主+谓
PART 06
宾语从句
练习题
Exercise
–Do you know __________ yesterday
-Yes. He went for the boat race.
why didn’t Peter go to school
why doesn’t Peter go to school
why Peter didn’t go to school
why Peter doesn’t go to school
C
Exercise
2. If you can’t find the place, I will show you _____________.
what it is
what it was
where it is
where it was
C
Exercise
4. –Excuse me. Do you know ___________
-Sorry, I don’t know, either.
that there is a bank near here
when will the concert begin
how to borrow a book
how long the meeting would last
C
Exercise
5. –Many people are wondering ______________ in the forest.
-It’s reported that a burning cigarette butt(烟头) caused it.
what caused the fire
when the fire happened
how did the fire happen
why did the fire happen
A
Exercise
1.Jack said. He is reading a book.
→
2.He asks me. Are they playing a game
→
3.Where is the hospital He asked me.
→
4.Who bought the pen He wondered.
→
Jack said (that) he was reading a book.
He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.
He asked me where the hospital was.
He wondered who bought the pen.
三要素：
连接词
时态
语序

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