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高考语法专题复习五
形容词和副词
考点1　形容词、副词的句法功能及相互转换
1.形容词、副词的句法功能
The woman managed to escape from the fire with her baby,extremely terrified and exhausted.
这名妇女带着她的孩子逃出了火场,极度惊恐,精疲力竭。
I firmly believe that you will finish your run if you bravely face this challenge.
我坚信,只要你勇敢地面对这次挑战,你一定能跑完全程。
Unfortunately,he was arrested and forced to stay there for over ten years.
不幸的是,他被抓获并被迫在那里待了十多年。
【点津】
单词以-ly结尾,但却是形容词而非副词的有lively,lonely,lovely,deadly, friendly,ugly,silly,timely等。
2.形容词转化为副词
小题快练　单句语法填空
①The most authentic porridge was made in northern China,_________　　　　　　 (especial) Beiping,today’s Beijing.
②The West Lake in Hangzhou City,Zhejiang Province,is regarded as China’s most 　　　　　　(incredible) beautiful lake.
③The fresh air and the scents of the trees here are really__________ 　　　　　　(impress).
④Many Chinese netizens commented that the story was__________ 　　　　　(large) faithful to the original work.
⑤The group’s new 　　　　　(origin) play The Book of Odes,combining traditional Chinese music and magic tricks,will also be produced later this year.
especially
incredibly
impressive
largely
original
考点2　形容词、副词的比较等级
1.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的词形变化
(1)规则变化
词形分类及变化方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般加-er或-est tall taller tallest
以-e结尾的,只加-r或-st nice nicer nicest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-est big hot fat bigger hotter fatter biggest
hottest
fattest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,先变y为i,再加-er或-est happy easy happier easier happiest
easiest
词形分类及变化方法 原级 比较级 最高级
其他双音节词和多音节词 在前面加more或most difficult more difficult most
difficult
(2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad(badly)/ill worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
2.形容词和副词的比较等级的用法
(1)同级比较
①“as+形容词/副词的原级+as”与“not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as”表示同级比较。
The book is not so/as difficult as you imagine.
这本书不是你想象的那么难。
②“as+形容词+(a/an+)名词+as”表示同级比较,注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。
I watched him become as tender and caring a father as he was a son.
我看着他从一个温柔、体贴的儿子成长为一个同样温柔、体贴的父亲。
(2)比较级
①比较级的常见结构
比较级+than:表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况
more/fewer/less+名词+than:比……多/少
She doesn’t work harder than you.她工作不如你努力。
I have more new books than my cousin.
我的新书比我表弟的多。
【点津】
比较级的修饰语有:rather,much,still,any(否定句、疑问句中),even,far,a lot,a bit,a little,a great deal等。
He is much taller than you.他比你高多了。
②比较级的特殊结构
“The+比较级...,the +比较级...”表示“越……,就越……”。
“比较级+and+比较级”和“more and more+多音节词原级”表示“越来越……”。
“no +比较级+than”表示“和……一样不……”。
Our city becomes more and more beautiful.
我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。
You are no taller than I.你和我一样都不高。
(3)最高级
①表达最高级意义的常见结构
主语+谓语+the+最高级+表示范围的状语(of the students,in the class等)。
This apple is the biggest of the five.
这个苹果是五个苹果中最大的一个。
②表达最高级意义的特殊结构(比较级形式表示最高级意义)
never...a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数
否定词+比较级=最高级
I have never read a better book than this.
这是我读过的最好的一本书。
Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.
=Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.
=Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.
=Julia is taller than the rest of the girls in her class.
=Julia is the tallest girl in her class.
朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。
小题快练　单句语法填空
①Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought a far 　　　　　　(much) powerful tool to assist with medical diagnoses—ChatGPT-4.
②Maybe that is the reason why fewer and fewer young people want to learn this skill and take better-paying jobs in 　　　　　(large) towns.
③ At the end of the year,working people get　 　(much) free time than usual to prepare for the sacrifice to the ancestors.
④But what began as a contest for conservationists has become a global campaign where superfans stump for (大肆宣传) their favourite bear to be voted the 　　　　　　(fat) of them all.
more
larger
more
fattest
考点3　倍数表达法
表示倍数的句型:
1.A+be+倍数+as+原级+as+B
2.A+be+倍数+比较级+than+B
3.A+be+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height,weight,width,depth等)+of+B
4.A+be+倍数+that+of+B
5.A+be+倍数+what引导的名词性从句
This building is three times the height of that one.
这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。
Smoking is harmful to people’s health,killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents.
吸烟有害健康,每年因吸烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的人多7倍。
小题快练　单句语法填空
①The earth is 49 times 　　　　　　size of the moon.
②The new school is three times as big 　　　　　　the previous one.
③The electronic waste stream is increasing three times 　　　　　　(fast) than traditional garbage as a whole.
④The number of students now in this school is four times 　　　　　　it was ten years ago.
the
as
faster
what
thank you ！

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